fix

.github/workflows/auto-label-pr.yml

@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ jobs:
             }
 
             // Generate review messages
-            function generateReviewMessages(finalLabels, originalLabelCount) {
+            function generateReviewMessages(finalLabels) {
               const messages = [];
               const prAuthor = context.payload.pull_request.user.login;
 
@@ -430,15 +430,15 @@ jobs:
                   .reduce((sum, file) => sum + (file.deletions || 0), 0);
                 const nonTestChanges = (totalAdditions - testAdditions) - (totalDeletions - testDeletions);
 
-                const tooManyLabels = originalLabelCount > MAX_LABELS;
+                const tooManyLabels = finalLabels.length > MAX_LABELS;
                 const tooManyChanges = nonTestChanges > TOO_BIG_THRESHOLD;
 
                 let message = `${TOO_BIG_MARKER}\n### 📦 Pull Request Size\n\n`;
 
                 if (tooManyLabels && tooManyChanges) {
-                  message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests) and affects ${originalLabelCount} different components/areas.`;
+                  message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests) and affects ${finalLabels.length} different components/areas.`;
                 } else if (tooManyLabels) {
-                  message += `This PR affects ${originalLabelCount} different components/areas.`;
+                  message += `This PR affects ${finalLabels.length} different components/areas.`;
                 } else {
                   message += `This PR is too large with ${nonTestChanges} line changes (excluding tests).`;
                 }
@@ -466,8 +466,8 @@ jobs:
             }
 
             // Handle reviews
-            async function handleReviews(finalLabels, originalLabelCount) {
-              const reviewMessages = generateReviewMessages(finalLabels, originalLabelCount);
+            async function handleReviews(finalLabels) {
+              const reviewMessages = generateReviewMessages(finalLabels);
               const hasReviewableLabels = finalLabels.some(label =>
                 ['too-big', 'needs-codeowners'].includes(label)
               );
@@ -627,7 +627,6 @@ jobs:
 
             // Handle too many labels (only for non-mega PRs)
             const tooManyLabels = finalLabels.length > MAX_LABELS;
-            const originalLabelCount = finalLabels.length;
 
             if (tooManyLabels && !isMegaPR && !finalLabels.includes('too-big')) {
               finalLabels = ['too-big'];
@@ -636,7 +635,7 @@ jobs:
             console.log('Computed labels:', finalLabels.join(', '));
 
             // Handle reviews
-            await handleReviews(finalLabels, originalLabelCount);
+            await handleReviews(finalLabels);
 
             // Apply labels
             if (finalLabels.length > 0) {

.github/workflows/ci-api-proto.yml

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
         run: git diff
       - if: failure()
         name: Archive artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
         with:
           name: generated-proto-files
           path: |

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         python-version:
           - "3.11"
-          - "3.13"
+          - "3.14"
         os:
           - ubuntu-latest
           - macOS-latest
@@ -123,9 +123,9 @@ jobs:
           # Minimize CI resource usage
           # by only running the Python version
           # version used for docker images on Windows and macOS
-          - python-version: "3.13"
+          - python-version: "3.14"
             os: windows-latest
-          - python-version: "3.13"
+          - python-version: "3.14"
             os: macOS-latest
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     needs:
@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ jobs:
       memory_impact: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.memory-impact }}
       cpp-unit-tests-run-all: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-run-all }}
       cpp-unit-tests-components: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-components }}
-      component-test-batches: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.component-test-batches }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
@@ -192,11 +191,6 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
-      - name: Restore components graph cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
-        with:
-          path: .temp/components_graph.json
-          key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
       - name: Determine which tests to run
         id: determine
         env:
@@ -220,13 +214,6 @@ jobs:
           echo "memory-impact=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.memory_impact')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "cpp-unit-tests-run-all=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.cpp_unit_tests_run_all')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "cpp-unit-tests-components=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.cpp_unit_tests_components')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "component-test-batches=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.component_test_batches')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-      - name: Save components graph cache
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
-        uses: actions/cache/save@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
-        with:
-          path: .temp/components_graph.json
-          key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
 
   integration-tests:
     name: Run integration tests
@@ -471,7 +458,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
-      max-parallel: 2
+      max-parallel: 1
       matrix:
         include:
           - id: clang-tidy
@@ -549,18 +536,59 @@ jobs:
         run: script/ci-suggest-changes
         if: always()
 
+  test-build-components-splitter:
+    name: Split components for intelligent grouping (40 weighted per batch)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    needs:
+      - common
+      - determine-jobs
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-count) > 0
+    outputs:
+      matrix: ${{ steps.split.outputs.components }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out code from GitHub
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - name: Restore Python
+        uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
+          cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
+      - name: Split components intelligently based on bus configurations
+        id: split
+        run: |
+          . venv/bin/activate
+
+          # Use intelligent splitter that groups components with same bus configs
+          components='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.changed-components-with-tests }}'
+
+          # Only isolate directly changed components when targeting dev branch
+          # For beta/release branches, group everything for faster CI
+          if [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == beta* ]] || [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == release* ]]; then
+            directly_changed='[]'
+            echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - grouping all components"
+          else
+            directly_changed='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.directly-changed-components-with-tests }}'
+            echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - isolating directly changed components"
+          fi
+
+          echo "Splitting components intelligently..."
+          output=$(python3 script/split_components_for_ci.py --components "$components" --directly-changed "$directly_changed" --batch-size 40 --output github)
+
+          echo "$output" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
   test-build-components-split:
     name: Test components batch (${{ matrix.components }})
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     needs:
       - common
       - determine-jobs
+      - test-build-components-splitter
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-count) > 0
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       max-parallel: ${{ (startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') || startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')) && 8 || 4 }}
       matrix:
-        components: ${{ fromJson(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-batches) }}
+        components: ${{ fromJson(needs.test-build-components-splitter.outputs.matrix) }}
     steps:
       - name: Show disk space
         run: |
@@ -821,7 +849,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Upload memory analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-target
           path: memory-analysis-target.json
@@ -885,7 +913,7 @@ jobs:
             --platform "$platform"
 
       - name: Upload memory analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-pr
           path: memory-analysis-pr.json
@@ -915,13 +943,13 @@ jobs:
           python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
           cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
       - name: Download target analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@018cc2cf5baa6db3ef3c5f8a56943fffe632ef53 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0 # v5.0.0
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-target
           path: ./memory-analysis
         continue-on-error: true
       - name: Download PR analysis JSON
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@018cc2cf5baa6db3ef3c5f8a56943fffe632ef53 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0 # v5.0.0
         with:
           name: memory-analysis-pr
           path: ./memory-analysis
@@ -952,6 +980,7 @@ jobs:
       - clang-tidy-nosplit
       - clang-tidy-split
       - determine-jobs
+      - test-build-components-splitter
       - test-build-components-split
       - pre-commit-ci-lite
       - memory-impact-target-branch

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v4.31.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047 # v4.30.9
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v4.31.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047 # v4.30.9
         with:
           category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ jobs:
       #     version: ${{ needs.init.outputs.tag }}
 
       - name: Upload digests
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
         with:
           name: digests-${{ matrix.platform.arch }}
           path: /tmp/digests
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
 
       - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@018cc2cf5baa6db3ef3c5f8a56943fffe632ef53 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0 # v5.0.0
         with:
           pattern: digests-*
           path: /tmp/digests

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ci:
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Ruff version.
-    rev: v0.14.3
+    rev: v0.14.1
     hooks:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff

CODEOWNERS

@@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/* @bdraco
 esphome/components/esp32_camera_web_server/* @ayufan
 esphome/components/esp32_can/* @Sympatron
 esphome/components/esp32_hosted/* @swoboda1337
-esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/* @swoboda1337
 esphome/components/esp32_improv/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/esp32_rmt/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/esp32_rmt_led_strip/* @jesserockz
@@ -480,7 +479,6 @@ esphome/components/template/fan/* @ssieb
 esphome/components/text/* @mauritskorse
 esphome/components/thermostat/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/time/* @esphome/core
-esphome/components/tinyusb/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/tlc5947/* @rnauber
 esphome/components/tlc5971/* @IJIJI
 esphome/components/tm1621/* @Philippe12

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ def choose_upload_log_host(
                     if has_mqtt_logging():
                         resolved.append("MQTT")
 
-                    if has_api() and has_non_ip_address() and has_resolvable_address():
+                    if has_api() and has_non_ip_address():
                         resolved.extend(_resolve_with_cache(CORE.address, purpose))
 
                 elif purpose == Purpose.UPLOADING:
                     if has_ota() and has_mqtt_ip_lookup():
                         resolved.append("MQTTIP")
 
-                    if has_ota() and has_non_ip_address() and has_resolvable_address():
+                    if has_ota() and has_non_ip_address():
                         resolved.extend(_resolve_with_cache(CORE.address, purpose))
             else:
                 resolved.append(device)
@@ -318,17 +318,7 @@ def has_resolvable_address() -> bool:
     """Check if CORE.address is resolvable (via mDNS, DNS, or is an IP address)."""
     # Any address (IP, mDNS hostname, or regular DNS hostname) is resolvable
     # The resolve_ip_address() function in helpers.py handles all types via AsyncResolver
-    if CORE.address is None:
-        return False
-
-    if has_ip_address():
-        return True
-
-    if has_mdns():
-        return True
-
-    # .local mDNS hostnames are only resolvable if mDNS is enabled
-    return not CORE.address.endswith(".local")
+    return CORE.address is not None
 
 
 def mqtt_get_ip(config: ConfigType, username: str, password: str, client_id: str):

esphome/automation.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TYPE_ID,
     CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
 )
-from esphome.core import ID, Lambda
+from esphome.core import ID
 from esphome.cpp_generator import (
     LambdaExpression,
     MockObj,
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ def validate_automation(extra_schema=None, extra_validators=None, single=False):
             value = cv.Schema([extra_validators])(value)
         if single:
             if len(value) != 1:
-                raise cv.Invalid("This trigger allows only a single automation")
+                raise cv.Invalid("Cannot have more than 1 automation for templates")
             return value[0]
         return value
 
@@ -310,30 +310,6 @@ async def for_condition_to_code(
     return var
 
 
-@register_condition(
-    "component.is_idle",
-    LambdaCondition,
-    maybe_simple_id(
-        {
-            cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.use_id(cg.Component),
-        }
-    ),
-)
-async def component_is_idle_condition_to_code(
-    config: ConfigType,
-    condition_id: ID,
-    template_arg: cg.TemplateArguments,
-    args: TemplateArgsType,
-) -> MockObj:
-    comp = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ID])
-    lambda_ = await cg.process_lambda(
-        Lambda(f"return {comp}->is_idle();"), args, return_type=bool
-    )
-    return new_lambda_pvariable(
-        condition_id, lambda_, StatelessLambdaCondition, template_arg
-    )
-
-
 @register_action(
     "delay", DelayAction, cv.templatable(cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds)
 )

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/__init__.py

@@ -172,6 +172,12 @@ def alarm_control_panel_schema(
     return _ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL_SCHEMA = alarm_control_panel_schema(AlarmControlPanel)
+ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL_SCHEMA.add_extra(
+    cv.deprecated_schema_constant("alarm_control_panel")
+)
+
 ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL_ACTION_SCHEMA = maybe_simple_id(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(AlarmControlPanel),

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ message ListEntitiesFanResponse {
   bool disabled_by_default = 9;
   string icon = 10 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   EntityCategory entity_category = 11;
-  repeated string supported_preset_modes = 12 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string supported_preset_modes = 12 [(container_pointer) = "std::vector"];
   uint32 device_id = 13 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 // Deprecated in API version 1.6 - only used in deprecated fields
@@ -1000,9 +1000,9 @@ message ListEntitiesClimateResponse {
   bool supports_action = 12; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
   repeated ClimateFanMode supported_fan_modes = 13 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "climate::ClimateFanModeMask"];
   repeated ClimateSwingMode supported_swing_modes = 14 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "climate::ClimateSwingModeMask"];
-  repeated string supported_custom_fan_modes = 15 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string supported_custom_fan_modes = 15 [(container_pointer) = "std::vector"];
   repeated ClimatePreset supported_presets = 16 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "climate::ClimatePresetMask"];
-  repeated string supported_custom_presets = 17 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string supported_custom_presets = 17 [(container_pointer) = "std::vector"];
   bool disabled_by_default = 18;
   string icon = 19 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   EntityCategory entity_category = 20;

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -410,8 +410,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
   }
   if (traits.supports_direction())
     msg.direction = static_cast<enums::FanDirection>(fan->direction);
-  if (traits.supports_preset_modes() && fan->has_preset_mode())
-    msg.set_preset_mode(StringRef(fan->get_preset_mode()));
+  if (traits.supports_preset_modes())
+    msg.set_preset_mode(StringRef(fan->preset_mode));
   return fill_and_encode_entity_state(fan, msg, FanStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *con
   msg.supports_speed = traits.supports_speed();
   msg.supports_direction = traits.supports_direction();
   msg.supported_speed_count = traits.supported_speed_count();
-  msg.supported_preset_modes = &traits.supported_preset_modes();
+  msg.supported_preset_modes = &traits.supported_preset_modes_for_api_();
   return fill_and_encode_entity_info(fan, msg, ListEntitiesFanResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::fan_command(const FanCommandRequest &msg) {
@@ -637,14 +637,14 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && climate->fan_mode.has_value())
     resp.fan_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateFanMode>(climate->fan_mode.value());
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->has_custom_fan_mode()) {
-    resp.set_custom_fan_mode(StringRef(climate->get_custom_fan_mode()));
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
+    resp.set_custom_fan_mode(StringRef(climate->custom_fan_mode.value()));
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_presets() && climate->preset.has_value()) {
     resp.preset = static_cast<enums::ClimatePreset>(climate->preset.value());
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->has_custom_preset()) {
-    resp.set_custom_preset(StringRef(climate->get_custom_preset()));
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->custom_preset.has_value()) {
+    resp.set_custom_preset(StringRef(climate->custom_preset.value()));
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes())
     resp.swing_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(climate->swing_mode);
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_select_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
                                               bool is_single) {
   auto *select = static_cast<select::Select *>(entity);
   SelectStateResponse resp;
-  resp.set_state(StringRef(select->current_option()));
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(select->state));
   resp.missing_state = !select->has_state();
   return fill_and_encode_entity_state(select, resp, SelectStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -142,6 +142,11 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::loop() {
  * errno API_ERROR_HANDSHAKE_PACKET_LEN: Packet too big for this phase.
  */
 APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::try_read_frame_() {
+  // Clear buffer when starting a new frame (rx_buf_len_ == 0 means not resuming after WOULD_BLOCK)
+  if (this->rx_buf_len_ == 0) {
+    this->rx_buf_.clear();
+  }
+
   // read header
   if (rx_header_buf_len_ < 3) {
     // no header information yet
@@ -434,7 +439,8 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, st
     return APIError::OK;
   }
 
-  uint8_t *buffer_data = buffer.get_buffer()->data();
+  std::vector<uint8_t> *raw_buffer = buffer.get_buffer();
+  uint8_t *buffer_data = raw_buffer->data();  // Cache buffer pointer
 
   this->reusable_iovs_.clear();
   this->reusable_iovs_.reserve(packets.size());

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_plaintext.cpp

@@ -54,6 +54,11 @@ APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::loop() {
  * error API_ERROR_BAD_INDICATOR: Bad indicator byte at start of frame.
  */
 APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::try_read_frame_() {
+  // Clear buffer when starting a new frame (rx_buf_len_ == 0 means not resuming after WOULD_BLOCK)
+  if (this->rx_buf_len_ == 0) {
+    this->rx_buf_.clear();
+  }
+
   // read header
   while (!rx_header_parsed_) {
     // Now that we know when the socket is ready, we can read up to 3 bytes
@@ -230,7 +235,8 @@ APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer
     return APIError::OK;
   }
 
-  uint8_t *buffer_data = buffer.get_buffer()->data();
+  std::vector<uint8_t> *raw_buffer = buffer.get_buffer();
+  uint8_t *buffer_data = raw_buffer->data();  // Cache buffer pointer
 
   this->reusable_iovs_.clear();
   this->reusable_iovs_.reserve(packets.size());

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp

@@ -355,8 +355,8 @@ void ListEntitiesFanResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(10, this->icon_ref_);
 #endif
   buffer.encode_uint32(11, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->entity_category));
-  for (const char *it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
-    buffer.encode_string(12, it, strlen(it), true);
+  for (const auto &it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
+    buffer.encode_string(12, it, true);
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   buffer.encode_uint32(13, this->device_id);
@@ -376,8 +376,8 @@ void ListEntitiesFanResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 #endif
   size.add_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->entity_category));
   if (!this->supported_preset_modes->empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
-      size.add_length_force(1, strlen(it));
+    for (const auto &it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
+      size.add_length_force(1, it.size());
     }
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -1179,14 +1179,14 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   for (const auto &it : *this->supported_swing_modes) {
     buffer.encode_uint32(14, static_cast<uint32_t>(it), true);
   }
-  for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
-    buffer.encode_string(15, it, strlen(it), true);
+  for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
+    buffer.encode_string(15, it, true);
   }
   for (const auto &it : *this->supported_presets) {
     buffer.encode_uint32(16, static_cast<uint32_t>(it), true);
   }
-  for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
-    buffer.encode_string(17, it, strlen(it), true);
+  for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
+    buffer.encode_string(17, it, true);
   }
   buffer.encode_bool(18, this->disabled_by_default);
 #ifdef USE_ENTITY_ICON
@@ -1229,8 +1229,8 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
     }
   }
   if (!this->supported_custom_fan_modes->empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
-      size.add_length_force(1, strlen(it));
+    for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
+      size.add_length_force(1, it.size());
     }
   }
   if (!this->supported_presets->empty()) {
@@ -1239,8 +1239,8 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
     }
   }
   if (!this->supported_custom_presets->empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
-      size.add_length_force(2, strlen(it));
+    for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
+      size.add_length_force(2, it.size());
     }
   }
   size.add_bool(2, this->disabled_by_default);

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ class ListEntitiesFanResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_speed{false};
   bool supports_direction{false};
   int32_t supported_speed_count{0};
-  const std::vector<const char *> *supported_preset_modes{};
+  const std::vector<std::string> *supported_preset_modes{};
   void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -1384,9 +1384,9 @@ class ListEntitiesClimateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_action{false};
   const climate::ClimateFanModeMask *supported_fan_modes{};
   const climate::ClimateSwingModeMask *supported_swing_modes{};
-  const std::vector<const char *> *supported_custom_fan_modes{};
+  const std::vector<std::string> *supported_custom_fan_modes{};
   const climate::ClimatePresetMask *supported_presets{};
-  const std::vector<const char *> *supported_custom_presets{};
+  const std::vector<std::string> *supported_custom_presets{};
   float visual_current_temperature_step{0.0f};
   bool supports_current_humidity{false};
   bool supports_target_humidity{false};

esphome/components/api/api_server.cpp

@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ void APIServer::dump_config() {
                 "  Address: %s:%u\n"
                 "  Listen backlog: %u\n"
                 "  Max connections: %u",
-                network::get_use_address(), this->port_, this->listen_backlog_, this->max_connections_);
+                network::get_use_address().c_str(), this->port_, this->listen_backlog_, this->max_connections_);
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Noise encryption: %s", YESNO(this->noise_ctx_->has_psk()));
   if (!this->noise_ctx_->has_psk()) {

esphome/components/api/proto.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <vector>
 
 #ifdef ESPHOME_LOG_HAS_VERY_VERBOSE
@@ -159,22 +160,6 @@ class ProtoVarInt {
       }
     }
   }
-  void encode(std::vector<uint8_t> &out) {
-    uint64_t val = this->value_;
-    if (val <= 0x7F) {
-      out.push_back(val);
-      return;
-    }
-    while (val) {
-      uint8_t temp = val & 0x7F;
-      val >>= 7;
-      if (val) {
-        out.push_back(temp | 0x80);
-      } else {
-        out.push_back(temp);
-      }
-    }
-  }
 
  protected:
   uint64_t value_;
@@ -233,8 +218,86 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
  public:
   ProtoWriteBuffer(std::vector<uint8_t> *buffer) : buffer_(buffer) {}
   void write(uint8_t value) { this->buffer_->push_back(value); }
-  void encode_varint_raw(ProtoVarInt value) { value.encode(*this->buffer_); }
-  void encode_varint_raw(uint32_t value) { this->encode_varint_raw(ProtoVarInt(value)); }
+
+  // Single implementation that all overloads delegate to
+  void encode_varint(uint64_t value) {
+    auto buffer = this->buffer_;
+    size_t start = buffer->size();
+
+    // Fast paths for common cases (1-3 bytes)
+    if (value < (1ULL << 7)) {
+      // 1 byte - very common for field IDs and small lengths
+      buffer->resize(start + 1);
+      buffer->data()[start] = static_cast<uint8_t>(value);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    uint8_t *p;
+    if (value < (1ULL << 14)) {
+      // 2 bytes - common for medium field IDs and lengths
+      buffer->resize(start + 2);
+      p = buffer->data() + start;
+      p[0] = (value & 0x7F) | 0x80;
+      p[1] = (value >> 7) & 0x7F;
+      return;
+    }
+    if (value < (1ULL << 21)) {
+      // 3 bytes - rare
+      buffer->resize(start + 3);
+      p = buffer->data() + start;
+      p[0] = (value & 0x7F) | 0x80;
+      p[1] = ((value >> 7) & 0x7F) | 0x80;
+      p[2] = (value >> 14) & 0x7F;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Rare case: 4-10 byte values - calculate size from bit position
+    // Value is guaranteed >= (1ULL << 21), so CLZ is safe (non-zero)
+    uint32_t size;
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+    // Use compiler intrinsic for efficient bit position lookup
+    size = (64 - __builtin_clzll(value) + 6) / 7;
+#else
+    // Fallback for compilers without __builtin_clzll
+    if (value < (1ULL << 28)) {
+      size = 4;
+    } else if (value < (1ULL << 35)) {
+      size = 5;
+    } else if (value < (1ULL << 42)) {
+      size = 6;
+    } else if (value < (1ULL << 49)) {
+      size = 7;
+    } else if (value < (1ULL << 56)) {
+      size = 8;
+    } else if (value < (1ULL << 63)) {
+      size = 9;
+    } else {
+      size = 10;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    buffer->resize(start + size);
+    p = buffer->data() + start;
+    size_t bytes = 0;
+    while (value) {
+      uint8_t temp = value & 0x7F;
+      value >>= 7;
+      p[bytes++] = value ? temp | 0x80 : temp;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Common case: uint32_t values (field IDs, lengths, most integers)
+  void encode_varint(uint32_t value) { this->encode_varint(static_cast<uint64_t>(value)); }
+
+  // size_t overload (only enabled if size_t is distinct from uint32_t and uint64_t)
+  template<typename T>
+  void encode_varint(T value) requires(std::is_same_v<T, size_t> && !std::is_same_v<size_t, uint32_t> &&
+                                       !std::is_same_v<size_t, uint64_t>) {
+    this->encode_varint(static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
+  }
+
+  // Rare case: ProtoVarInt wrapper
+  void encode_varint(ProtoVarInt value) { this->encode_varint(value.as_uint64()); }
   /**
    * Encode a field key (tag/wire type combination).
    *
@@ -249,14 +312,14 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
    */
   void encode_field_raw(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t type) {
     uint32_t val = (field_id << 3) | (type & WIRE_TYPE_MASK);
-    this->encode_varint_raw(val);
+    this->encode_varint(val);
   }
   void encode_string(uint32_t field_id, const char *string, size_t len, bool force = false) {
     if (len == 0 && !force)
       return;
 
     this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 2);  // type 2: Length-delimited string
-    this->encode_varint_raw(len);
+    this->encode_varint(len);
 
     // Using resize + memcpy instead of insert provides significant performance improvement:
     // ~10-11x faster for 16-32 byte strings, ~3x faster for 64-byte strings
@@ -278,13 +341,13 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
     if (value == 0 && !force)
       return;
     this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 0);  // type 0: Varint - uint32
-    this->encode_varint_raw(value);
+    this->encode_varint(value);
   }
   void encode_uint64(uint32_t field_id, uint64_t value, bool force = false) {
     if (value == 0 && !force)
       return;
     this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 0);  // type 0: Varint - uint64
-    this->encode_varint_raw(ProtoVarInt(value));
+    this->encode_varint(value);
   }
   void encode_bool(uint32_t field_id, bool value, bool force = false) {
     if (!value && !force)

esphome/components/bedjet/bedjet_const.h

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ enum BedjetCommand : uint8_t {
 static const uint8_t BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT = 20;
 
 static constexpr const char *const BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES[BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT] = BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES_;
+static const std::string BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAME_STRINGS[BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT] = BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES_;
 
 }  // namespace bedjet
 }  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bedjet/climate/bedjet_climate.cpp

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ namespace bedjet {
 
 using namespace esphome::climate;
 
-static const char *bedjet_fan_step_to_fan_mode(const uint8_t fan_step) {
+static const std::string *bedjet_fan_step_to_fan_mode(const uint8_t fan_step) {
   if (fan_step < BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT)
-    return BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES[fan_step];
+    return &BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAME_STRINGS[fan_step];
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-static uint8_t bedjet_fan_speed_to_step(const char *fan_step_percent) {
+static uint8_t bedjet_fan_speed_to_step(const std::string &fan_step_percent) {
   for (int i = 0; i < BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT; i++) {
-    if (strcmp(BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES[i], fan_step_percent) == 0) {
+    if (fan_step_percent == BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAME_STRINGS[i]) {
       return i;
     }
   }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::dump_config() {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_fan_mode_to_string(mode)));
   }
   for (const auto &mode : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes()) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", mode);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", mode.c_str());
   }
 
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Supported presets:");
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::dump_config() {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_preset_to_string(preset)));
   }
   for (const auto &preset : traits.get_supported_custom_presets()) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", preset);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", preset.c_str());
   }
 }
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::reset_state_() {
   this->target_temperature = NAN;
   this->current_temperature = NAN;
   this->preset.reset();
-  this->clear_custom_preset_();
+  this->custom_preset.reset();
   this->publish_state();
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
     if (button_result) {
       this->mode = mode;
       // We're using (custom) preset for Turbo, EXT HT, & M1-3 presets, so changing climate mode will clear those
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
     }
   }
@@ -144,7 +144,8 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
 
       if (result) {
         this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
-        this->set_preset_(CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST);
+        this->preset = CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST;
+        this->custom_preset.reset();
       }
     } else if (preset == CLIMATE_PRESET_NONE && this->preset.has_value()) {
       if (this->mode == CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT && this->preset == CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST) {
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
         result = this->parent_->send_button(heat_button(this->heating_mode_));
         if (result) {
           this->preset.reset();
-          this->clear_custom_preset_();
+          this->custom_preset.reset();
         }
       } else {
         ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Ignoring preset '%s' call; with current mode '%s' and preset '%s'",
@@ -163,27 +164,28 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unsupported preset: %d", preset);
       return;
     }
-  } else if (call.has_custom_preset()) {
-    const char *preset = call.get_custom_preset();
+  } else if (call.get_custom_preset().has_value()) {
+    std::string preset = *call.get_custom_preset();
     bool result;
 
-    if (strcmp(preset, "M1") == 0) {
+    if (preset == "M1") {
       result = this->parent_->button_memory1();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "M2") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "M2") {
       result = this->parent_->button_memory2();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "M3") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "M3") {
       result = this->parent_->button_memory3();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "LTD HT") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "LTD HT") {
       result = this->parent_->button_heat();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "EXT HT") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "EXT HT") {
       result = this->parent_->button_ext_heat();
     } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unsupported preset: %s", preset);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unsupported preset: %s", preset.c_str());
       return;
     }
 
     if (result) {
-      this->set_custom_preset_(preset);
+      this->custom_preset = preset;
+      this->preset.reset();
     }
   }
 
@@ -205,16 +207,19 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
     }
 
     if (result) {
-      this->set_fan_mode_(fan_mode);
+      this->fan_mode = fan_mode;
+      this->custom_fan_mode.reset();
     }
-  } else if (call.has_custom_fan_mode()) {
-    const char *fan_mode = call.get_custom_fan_mode();
+  } else if (call.get_custom_fan_mode().has_value()) {
+    auto fan_mode = *call.get_custom_fan_mode();
     auto fan_index = bedjet_fan_speed_to_step(fan_mode);
     if (fan_index <= 19) {
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Converted fan mode %s to bedjet fan step %d", this->get_name().c_str(), fan_mode, fan_index);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Converted fan mode %s to bedjet fan step %d", this->get_name().c_str(), fan_mode.c_str(),
+               fan_index);
       bool result = this->parent_->set_fan_index(fan_index);
       if (result) {
-        this->set_custom_fan_mode_(fan_mode);
+        this->custom_fan_mode = fan_mode;
+        this->fan_mode.reset();
       }
     }
   }
@@ -240,7 +245,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
 
   const auto *fan_mode_name = bedjet_fan_step_to_fan_mode(data->fan_step);
   if (fan_mode_name != nullptr) {
-    this->set_custom_fan_mode_(fan_mode_name);
+    this->custom_fan_mode = *fan_mode_name;
   }
 
   // TODO: Get biorhythm data to determine which preset (M1-3) is running, if any.
@@ -250,7 +255,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_OFF;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_IDLE;
       this->fan_mode = CLIMATE_FAN_OFF;
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
       break;
 
@@ -261,7 +266,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
       if (this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED) {
         this->set_custom_preset_("LTD HT");
       } else {
-        this->clear_custom_preset_();
+        this->custom_preset.reset();
       }
       break;
 
@@ -270,7 +275,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_HEATING;
       this->preset.reset();
       if (this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED) {
-        this->clear_custom_preset_();
+        this->custom_preset.reset();
       } else {
         this->set_custom_preset_("EXT HT");
       }
@@ -279,19 +284,20 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
     case MODE_COOL:
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_COOLING;
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
       break;
 
     case MODE_DRY:
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_DRY;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_DRYING;
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
       break;
 
     case MODE_TURBO:
-      this->set_preset_(CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST);
+      this->preset = CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST;
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_HEATING;
       break;

esphome/components/bedjet/climate/bedjet_climate.h

@@ -50,13 +50,21 @@ class BedJetClimate : public climate::Climate, public BedJetClient, public Polli
         // Climate doesn't have a "TURBO" mode, but we can use the BOOST preset instead.
         climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST,
     });
-    // String literals are stored in rodata and valid for program lifetime
     traits.set_supported_custom_presets({
-        this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED ? "LTD HT" : "EXT HT",
+        // We could fetch biodata from bedjet and set these names that way.
+        // But then we have to invert the lookup in order to send the right preset.
+        // For now, we can leave them as M1-3 to match the remote buttons.
+        // EXT HT added to match remote button.
+        "EXT HT",
         "M1",
         "M2",
         "M3",
     });
+    if (this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED) {
+      traits.add_supported_custom_preset("LTD HT");
+    } else {
+      traits.add_supported_custom_preset("EXT HT");
+    }
     traits.set_visual_min_temperature(19.0);
     traits.set_visual_max_temperature(43.0);
     traits.set_visual_temperature_step(1.0);

esphome/components/binary_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -548,6 +548,11 @@ def binary_sensor_schema(
     return _BINARY_SENSOR_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+BINARY_SENSOR_SCHEMA = binary_sensor_schema()
+BINARY_SENSOR_SCHEMA.add_extra(cv.deprecated_schema_constant("binary_sensor"))
+
+
 async def setup_binary_sensor_core_(var, config):
     await setup_entity(var, config, "binary_sensor")
 

esphome/components/ble_client/sensor/ble_sensor.cpp

@@ -77,9 +77,6 @@ void BLESensor::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
         }
       } else {
         this->node_state = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
-        // For non-notify characteristics, trigger an immediate read after service discovery
-        // to avoid peripherals disconnecting due to inactivity
-        this->update();
       }
       break;
     }

esphome/components/ble_client/text_sensor/ble_text_sensor.cpp

@@ -79,9 +79,6 @@ void BLETextSensor::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
         }
       } else {
         this->node_state = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
-        // For non-notify characteristics, trigger an immediate read after service discovery
-        // to avoid peripherals disconnecting due to inactivity
-        this->update();
       }
       break;
     }

esphome/components/button/__init__.py

@@ -84,6 +84,11 @@ def button_schema(
     return _BUTTON_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+BUTTON_SCHEMA = button_schema(Button)
+BUTTON_SCHEMA.add_extra(cv.deprecated_schema_constant("button"))
+
+
 async def setup_button_core_(var, config):
     await setup_entity(var, config, "button")
 

esphome/components/climate/__init__.py

@@ -270,6 +270,11 @@ def climate_schema(
     return _CLIMATE_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+CLIMATE_SCHEMA = climate_schema(Climate)
+CLIMATE_SCHEMA.add_extra(cv.deprecated_schema_constant("climate"))
+
+
 async def setup_climate_core_(var, config):
     await setup_entity(var, config, "climate")
 

esphome/components/climate/climate.cpp

@@ -50,21 +50,21 @@ void ClimateCall::perform() {
     const LogString *mode_s = climate_mode_to_string(*this->mode_);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(mode_s));
   }
-  if (this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr) {
+  if (this->custom_fan_mode_.has_value()) {
     this->fan_mode_.reset();
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Fan: %s", this->custom_fan_mode_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Fan: %s", this->custom_fan_mode_.value().c_str());
   }
   if (this->fan_mode_.has_value()) {
-    this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+    this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
     const LogString *fan_mode_s = climate_fan_mode_to_string(*this->fan_mode_);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Fan: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(fan_mode_s));
   }
-  if (this->custom_preset_ != nullptr) {
+  if (this->custom_preset_.has_value()) {
     this->preset_.reset();
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset_.value().c_str());
   }
   if (this->preset_.has_value()) {
-    this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+    this->custom_preset_.reset();
     const LogString *preset_s = climate_preset_to_string(*this->preset_);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(preset_s));
   }
@@ -96,10 +96,11 @@ void ClimateCall::validate_() {
       this->mode_.reset();
     }
   }
-  if (this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr) {
-    if (!traits.supports_custom_fan_mode(this->custom_fan_mode_)) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Fan Mode %s not supported", this->custom_fan_mode_);
-      this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+  if (this->custom_fan_mode_.has_value()) {
+    auto custom_fan_mode = *this->custom_fan_mode_;
+    if (!traits.supports_custom_fan_mode(custom_fan_mode)) {
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Fan Mode %s not supported", custom_fan_mode.c_str());
+      this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
     }
   } else if (this->fan_mode_.has_value()) {
     auto fan_mode = *this->fan_mode_;
@@ -108,10 +109,11 @@ void ClimateCall::validate_() {
       this->fan_mode_.reset();
     }
   }
-  if (this->custom_preset_ != nullptr) {
-    if (!traits.supports_custom_preset(this->custom_preset_)) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Preset %s not supported", this->custom_preset_);
-      this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+  if (this->custom_preset_.has_value()) {
+    auto custom_preset = *this->custom_preset_;
+    if (!traits.supports_custom_preset(custom_preset)) {
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Preset %s not supported", custom_preset.c_str());
+      this->custom_preset_.reset();
     }
   } else if (this->preset_.has_value()) {
     auto preset = *this->preset_;
@@ -184,29 +186,26 @@ ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_mode(const std::string &mode) {
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode fan_mode) {
   this->fan_mode_ = fan_mode;
-  this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(const char *custom_fan_mode) {
-  // Check if it's a standard enum mode first
+ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(const std::string &fan_mode) {
   for (const auto &mode_entry : CLIMATE_FAN_MODES_BY_STR) {
-    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(custom_fan_mode, mode_entry.str)) {
-      return this->set_fan_mode(static_cast<ClimateFanMode>(mode_entry.value));
+    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(fan_mode, mode_entry.str)) {
+      this->set_fan_mode(static_cast<ClimateFanMode>(mode_entry.value));
+      return *this;
     }
   }
-  // Find the matching pointer from parent climate device
-  if (const char *mode_ptr = this->parent_->find_custom_fan_mode_(custom_fan_mode)) {
-    this->custom_fan_mode_ = mode_ptr;
+  if (this->parent_->get_traits().supports_custom_fan_mode(fan_mode)) {
+    this->custom_fan_mode_ = fan_mode;
     this->fan_mode_.reset();
-    return *this;
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized fan mode %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), fan_mode.c_str());
   }
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized fan mode %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), custom_fan_mode);
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(const std::string &fan_mode) { return this->set_fan_mode(fan_mode.c_str()); }
-
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(optional<std::string> fan_mode) {
   if (fan_mode.has_value()) {
     this->set_fan_mode(fan_mode.value());
@@ -216,29 +215,26 @@ ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(optional<std::string> fan_mode) {
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(ClimatePreset preset) {
   this->preset_ = preset;
-  this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_preset_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(const char *custom_preset) {
-  // Check if it's a standard enum preset first
+ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(const std::string &preset) {
   for (const auto &preset_entry : CLIMATE_PRESETS_BY_STR) {
-    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(custom_preset, preset_entry.str)) {
-      return this->set_preset(static_cast<ClimatePreset>(preset_entry.value));
+    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(preset, preset_entry.str)) {
+      this->set_preset(static_cast<ClimatePreset>(preset_entry.value));
+      return *this;
     }
   }
-  // Find the matching pointer from parent climate device
-  if (const char *preset_ptr = this->parent_->find_custom_preset_(custom_preset)) {
-    this->custom_preset_ = preset_ptr;
+  if (this->parent_->get_traits().supports_custom_preset(preset)) {
+    this->custom_preset_ = preset;
     this->preset_.reset();
-    return *this;
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized preset %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), preset.c_str());
   }
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized preset %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), custom_preset);
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(const std::string &preset) { return this->set_preset(preset.c_str()); }
-
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(optional<std::string> preset) {
   if (preset.has_value()) {
     this->set_preset(preset.value());
@@ -291,6 +287,8 @@ const optional<ClimateMode> &ClimateCall::get_mode() const { return this->mode_;
 const optional<ClimateFanMode> &ClimateCall::get_fan_mode() const { return this->fan_mode_; }
 const optional<ClimateSwingMode> &ClimateCall::get_swing_mode() const { return this->swing_mode_; }
 const optional<ClimatePreset> &ClimateCall::get_preset() const { return this->preset_; }
+const optional<std::string> &ClimateCall::get_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_; }
+const optional<std::string> &ClimateCall::get_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_; }
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_target_temperature_high(optional<float> target_temperature_high) {
   this->target_temperature_high_ = target_temperature_high;
@@ -319,13 +317,13 @@ ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_mode(optional<ClimateMode> mode) {
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(optional<ClimateFanMode> fan_mode) {
   this->fan_mode_ = fan_mode;
-  this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(optional<ClimatePreset> preset) {
   this->preset_ = preset;
-  this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_preset_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
@@ -384,13 +382,13 @@ void Climate::save_state_() {
     state.uses_custom_fan_mode = false;
     state.fan_mode = this->fan_mode.value();
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && this->has_custom_fan_mode()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
     state.uses_custom_fan_mode = true;
     const auto &supported = traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes();
     // std::vector maintains insertion order
     size_t i = 0;
-    for (const char *mode : supported) {
-      if (strcmp(mode, this->custom_fan_mode_) == 0) {
+    for (const auto &mode : supported) {
+      if (mode == custom_fan_mode) {
         state.custom_fan_mode = i;
         break;
       }
@@ -401,13 +399,13 @@ void Climate::save_state_() {
     state.uses_custom_preset = false;
     state.preset = this->preset.value();
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && this->has_custom_preset()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && custom_preset.has_value()) {
     state.uses_custom_preset = true;
     const auto &supported = traits.get_supported_custom_presets();
     // std::vector maintains insertion order
     size_t i = 0;
-    for (const char *preset : supported) {
-      if (strcmp(preset, this->custom_preset_) == 0) {
+    for (const auto &preset : supported) {
+      if (preset == custom_preset) {
         state.custom_preset = i;
         break;
       }
@@ -432,14 +430,14 @@ void Climate::publish_state() {
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && this->fan_mode.has_value()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Fan Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_fan_mode_to_string(this->fan_mode.value())));
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && this->has_custom_fan_mode()) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Fan Mode: %s", this->custom_fan_mode_);
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && this->custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Fan Mode: %s", this->custom_fan_mode.value().c_str());
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_presets() && this->preset.has_value()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_preset_to_string(this->preset.value())));
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && this->has_custom_preset()) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset_);
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && this->custom_preset.has_value()) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset.value().c_str());
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Swing Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_swing_mode_to_string(this->swing_mode)));
@@ -529,7 +527,7 @@ ClimateCall ClimateDeviceRestoreState::to_call(Climate *climate) {
   if (this->uses_custom_fan_mode) {
     if (this->custom_fan_mode < traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().size()) {
       call.fan_mode_.reset();
-      call.custom_fan_mode_ = traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes()[this->custom_fan_mode];
+      call.custom_fan_mode_ = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().cbegin(), this->custom_fan_mode);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_fan_mode(this->fan_mode)) {
     call.set_fan_mode(this->fan_mode);
@@ -537,7 +535,7 @@ ClimateCall ClimateDeviceRestoreState::to_call(Climate *climate) {
   if (this->uses_custom_preset) {
     if (this->custom_preset < traits.get_supported_custom_presets().size()) {
       call.preset_.reset();
-      call.custom_preset_ = traits.get_supported_custom_presets()[this->custom_preset];
+      call.custom_preset_ = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_presets().cbegin(), this->custom_preset);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_preset(this->preset)) {
     call.set_preset(this->preset);
@@ -564,20 +562,20 @@ void ClimateDeviceRestoreState::apply(Climate *climate) {
   if (this->uses_custom_fan_mode) {
     if (this->custom_fan_mode < traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().size()) {
       climate->fan_mode.reset();
-      climate->custom_fan_mode_ = traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes()[this->custom_fan_mode];
+      climate->custom_fan_mode = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().cbegin(), this->custom_fan_mode);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_fan_mode(this->fan_mode)) {
     climate->fan_mode = this->fan_mode;
-    climate->clear_custom_fan_mode_();
+    climate->custom_fan_mode.reset();
   }
   if (this->uses_custom_preset) {
     if (this->custom_preset < traits.get_supported_custom_presets().size()) {
       climate->preset.reset();
-      climate->custom_preset_ = traits.get_supported_custom_presets()[this->custom_preset];
+      climate->custom_preset = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_presets().cbegin(), this->custom_preset);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_preset(this->preset)) {
     climate->preset = this->preset;
-    climate->clear_custom_preset_();
+    climate->custom_preset.reset();
   }
   if (traits.supports_swing_mode(this->swing_mode)) {
     climate->swing_mode = this->swing_mode;
@@ -585,107 +583,28 @@ void ClimateDeviceRestoreState::apply(Climate *climate) {
   climate->publish_state();
 }
 
-/** Template helper for setting primary modes (fan_mode, preset) with mutual exclusion.
- *
- * Climate devices have mutually exclusive mode pairs:
- *   - fan_mode (enum) vs custom_fan_mode_ (const char*)
- *   - preset (enum) vs custom_preset_ (const char*)
- *
- * Only one mode in each pair can be active at a time. This helper ensures setting a primary
- * mode automatically clears its corresponding custom mode.
- *
- * Example state transitions:
- *   Before: custom_fan_mode_="Turbo", fan_mode=nullopt
- *   Call:   set_fan_mode_(CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH)
- *   After:  custom_fan_mode_=nullptr,   fan_mode=CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH
- *
- * @param primary The primary mode optional (fan_mode or preset)
- * @param custom_ptr Reference to the custom mode pointer (custom_fan_mode_ or custom_preset_)
- * @param value The new primary mode value to set
- * @return true if state changed, false if already set to this value
- */
-template<typename T> bool set_primary_mode(optional<T> &primary, const char *&custom_ptr, T value) {
-  // Clear the custom mode (mutual exclusion)
-  bool changed = custom_ptr != nullptr;
-  custom_ptr = nullptr;
-  // Set the primary mode
-  if (changed || !primary.has_value() || primary.value() != value) {
-    primary = value;
-    return true;
+template<typename T1, typename T2> bool set_alternative(optional<T1> &dst, optional<T2> &alt, const T1 &src) {
+  bool is_changed = alt.has_value();
+  alt.reset();
+  if (is_changed || dst != src) {
+    dst = src;
+    is_changed = true;
   }
-  return false;
-}
-
-/** Template helper for setting custom modes (custom_fan_mode_, custom_preset_) with mutual exclusion.
- *
- * This helper ensures setting a custom mode automatically clears its corresponding primary mode.
- * It also validates that the custom mode exists in the device's supported modes (lifetime safety).
- *
- * Example state transitions:
- *   Before: fan_mode=CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH, custom_fan_mode_=nullptr
- *   Call:   set_custom_fan_mode_("Turbo")
- *   After:  fan_mode=nullopt,          custom_fan_mode_="Turbo" (pointer from traits)
- *
- * Lifetime Safety:
- *   - found_ptr must come from traits.find_custom_*_mode_()
- *   - Only pointers found in traits are stored, ensuring they remain valid
- *   - Prevents dangling pointers from temporary strings
- *
- * @param custom_ptr Reference to the custom mode pointer to set
- * @param primary The primary mode optional to clear
- * @param found_ptr The validated pointer from traits (nullptr if not found)
- * @param has_custom Whether a custom mode is currently active
- * @return true if state changed, false otherwise
- */
-template<typename T>
-bool set_custom_mode(const char *&custom_ptr, optional<T> &primary, const char *found_ptr, bool has_custom) {
-  if (found_ptr != nullptr) {
-    // Clear the primary mode (mutual exclusion)
-    bool changed = primary.has_value();
-    primary.reset();
-    // Set the custom mode (pointer is validated by caller from traits)
-    if (changed || custom_ptr != found_ptr) {
-      custom_ptr = found_ptr;
-      return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-  // Mode not found in supported modes, clear it if currently set
-  if (has_custom) {
-    custom_ptr = nullptr;
-    return true;
-  }
-  return false;
+  return is_changed;
 }
 
 bool Climate::set_fan_mode_(ClimateFanMode mode) {
-  return set_primary_mode(this->fan_mode, this->custom_fan_mode_, mode);
+  return set_alternative(this->fan_mode, this->custom_fan_mode, mode);
 }
 
-bool Climate::set_custom_fan_mode_(const char *mode) {
-  auto traits = this->get_traits();
-  return set_custom_mode<ClimateFanMode>(this->custom_fan_mode_, this->fan_mode, traits.find_custom_fan_mode_(mode),
-                                         this->has_custom_fan_mode());
+bool Climate::set_custom_fan_mode_(const std::string &mode) {
+  return set_alternative(this->custom_fan_mode, this->fan_mode, mode);
 }
 
-void Climate::clear_custom_fan_mode_() { this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr; }
+bool Climate::set_preset_(ClimatePreset preset) { return set_alternative(this->preset, this->custom_preset, preset); }
 
-bool Climate::set_preset_(ClimatePreset preset) { return set_primary_mode(this->preset, this->custom_preset_, preset); }
-
-bool Climate::set_custom_preset_(const char *preset) {
-  auto traits = this->get_traits();
-  return set_custom_mode<ClimatePreset>(this->custom_preset_, this->preset, traits.find_custom_preset_(preset),
-                                        this->has_custom_preset());
-}
-
-void Climate::clear_custom_preset_() { this->custom_preset_ = nullptr; }
-
-const char *Climate::find_custom_fan_mode_(const char *custom_fan_mode) {
-  return this->get_traits().find_custom_fan_mode_(custom_fan_mode);
-}
-
-const char *Climate::find_custom_preset_(const char *custom_preset) {
-  return this->get_traits().find_custom_preset_(custom_preset);
+bool Climate::set_custom_preset_(const std::string &preset) {
+  return set_alternative(this->custom_preset, this->preset, preset);
 }
 
 void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
@@ -737,8 +656,8 @@ void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported custom fan modes:");
-    for (const char *s : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes())
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s);
+    for (const std::string &s : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes())
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s.c_str());
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_presets().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported presets:");
@@ -747,8 +666,8 @@ void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported custom presets:");
-    for (const char *s : traits.get_supported_custom_presets())
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s);
+    for (const std::string &s : traits.get_supported_custom_presets())
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s.c_str());
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_swing_modes().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported swing modes:");

esphome/components/climate/climate.h

@@ -77,8 +77,6 @@ class ClimateCall {
   ClimateCall &set_fan_mode(const std::string &fan_mode);
   /// Set the fan mode of the climate device based on a string.
   ClimateCall &set_fan_mode(optional<std::string> fan_mode);
-  /// Set the custom fan mode of the climate device.
-  ClimateCall &set_fan_mode(const char *custom_fan_mode);
   /// Set the swing mode of the climate device.
   ClimateCall &set_swing_mode(ClimateSwingMode swing_mode);
   /// Set the swing mode of the climate device.
@@ -93,8 +91,6 @@ class ClimateCall {
   ClimateCall &set_preset(const std::string &preset);
   /// Set the preset of the climate device based on a string.
   ClimateCall &set_preset(optional<std::string> preset);
-  /// Set the custom preset of the climate device.
-  ClimateCall &set_preset(const char *custom_preset);
 
   void perform();
 
@@ -107,10 +103,8 @@ class ClimateCall {
   const optional<ClimateFanMode> &get_fan_mode() const;
   const optional<ClimateSwingMode> &get_swing_mode() const;
   const optional<ClimatePreset> &get_preset() const;
-  const char *get_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_; }
-  const char *get_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_; }
-  bool has_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr; }
-  bool has_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_ != nullptr; }
+  const optional<std::string> &get_custom_fan_mode() const;
+  const optional<std::string> &get_custom_preset() const;
 
  protected:
   void validate_();
@@ -124,10 +118,8 @@ class ClimateCall {
   optional<ClimateFanMode> fan_mode_;
   optional<ClimateSwingMode> swing_mode_;
   optional<ClimatePreset> preset_;
-
- private:
-  const char *custom_fan_mode_{nullptr};
-  const char *custom_preset_{nullptr};
+  optional<std::string> custom_fan_mode_;
+  optional<std::string> custom_preset_;
 };
 
 /// Struct used to save the state of the climate device in restore memory.
@@ -220,12 +212,6 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   void set_visual_min_humidity_override(float visual_min_humidity_override);
   void set_visual_max_humidity_override(float visual_max_humidity_override);
 
-  /// Check if a custom fan mode is currently active.
-  bool has_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr; }
-
-  /// Check if a custom preset is currently active.
-  bool has_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_ != nullptr; }
-
   /// The current temperature of the climate device, as reported from the integration.
   float current_temperature{NAN};
 
@@ -252,6 +238,12 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   /// The active preset of the climate device.
   optional<ClimatePreset> preset;
 
+  /// The active custom fan mode of the climate device.
+  optional<std::string> custom_fan_mode;
+
+  /// The active custom preset mode of the climate device.
+  optional<std::string> custom_preset;
+
   /// The active mode of the climate device.
   ClimateMode mode{CLIMATE_MODE_OFF};
 
@@ -261,37 +253,20 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   /// The active swing mode of the climate device.
   ClimateSwingMode swing_mode{CLIMATE_SWING_OFF};
 
-  /// Get the active custom fan mode (read-only access).
-  const char *get_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_; }
-
-  /// Get the active custom preset (read-only access).
-  const char *get_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_; }
-
  protected:
   friend ClimateCall;
-  friend struct ClimateDeviceRestoreState;
 
   /// Set fan mode. Reset custom fan mode. Return true if fan mode has been changed.
   bool set_fan_mode_(ClimateFanMode mode);
 
   /// Set custom fan mode. Reset primary fan mode. Return true if fan mode has been changed.
-  bool set_custom_fan_mode_(const char *mode);
-  /// Clear custom fan mode.
-  void clear_custom_fan_mode_();
+  bool set_custom_fan_mode_(const std::string &mode);
 
   /// Set preset. Reset custom preset. Return true if preset has been changed.
   bool set_preset_(ClimatePreset preset);
 
   /// Set custom preset. Reset primary preset. Return true if preset has been changed.
-  bool set_custom_preset_(const char *preset);
-  /// Clear custom preset.
-  void clear_custom_preset_();
-
-  /// Find and return the matching custom fan mode pointer from traits, or nullptr if not found.
-  const char *find_custom_fan_mode_(const char *custom_fan_mode);
-
-  /// Find and return the matching custom preset pointer from traits, or nullptr if not found.
-  const char *find_custom_preset_(const char *custom_preset);
+  bool set_custom_preset_(const std::string &preset);
 
   /** Get the default traits of this climate device.
    *
@@ -328,21 +303,6 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   optional<float> visual_current_temperature_step_override_{};
   optional<float> visual_min_humidity_override_{};
   optional<float> visual_max_humidity_override_{};
-
- private:
-  /** The active custom fan mode (private - enforces use of safe setters).
-   *
-   * Points to an entry in traits.supported_custom_fan_modes_ or nullptr.
-   * Use get_custom_fan_mode() to read, set_custom_fan_mode_() to modify.
-   */
-  const char *custom_fan_mode_{nullptr};
-
-  /** The active custom preset (private - enforces use of safe setters).
-   *
-   * Points to an entry in traits.supported_custom_presets_ or nullptr.
-   * Use get_custom_preset() to read, set_custom_preset_() to modify.
-   */
-  const char *custom_preset_{nullptr};
 };
 
 }  // namespace climate

esphome/components/climate/climate_traits.h

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
 #include "climate_mode.h"
 #include "esphome/core/finite_set_mask.h"
@@ -19,25 +18,16 @@ using ClimateSwingModeMask =
     FiniteSetMask<ClimateSwingMode, DefaultBitPolicy<ClimateSwingMode, CLIMATE_SWING_HORIZONTAL + 1>>;
 using ClimatePresetMask = FiniteSetMask<ClimatePreset, DefaultBitPolicy<ClimatePreset, CLIMATE_PRESET_ACTIVITY + 1>>;
 
-// Lightweight linear search for small vectors (1-20 items) of const char* pointers
+// Lightweight linear search for small vectors (1-20 items)
 // Avoids std::find template overhead
-inline bool vector_contains(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char *value) {
-  for (const char *item : vec) {
-    if (strcmp(item, value) == 0)
+template<typename T> inline bool vector_contains(const std::vector<T> &vec, const T &value) {
+  for (const auto &item : vec) {
+    if (item == value)
       return true;
   }
   return false;
 }
 
-// Find and return matching pointer from vector, or nullptr if not found
-inline const char *vector_find(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char *value) {
-  for (const char *item : vec) {
-    if (strcmp(item, value) == 0)
-      return item;
-  }
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
 /** This class contains all static data for climate devices.
  *
  * All climate devices must support these features:
@@ -65,11 +55,7 @@ inline const char *vector_find(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char
  *  - temperature step - the step with which to increase/decrease target temperature.
  *     This also affects with how many decimal places the temperature is shown
  */
-class Climate;  // Forward declaration
-
 class ClimateTraits {
-  friend class Climate;  // Allow Climate to access protected find methods
-
  public:
   /// Get/set feature flags (see ClimateFeatures enum in climate_mode.h)
   uint32_t get_feature_flags() const { return this->feature_flags_; }
@@ -142,60 +128,46 @@ class ClimateTraits {
 
   void set_supported_fan_modes(ClimateFanModeMask modes) { this->supported_fan_modes_ = modes; }
   void add_supported_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode mode) { this->supported_fan_modes_.insert(mode); }
+  void add_supported_custom_fan_mode(const std::string &mode) { this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.push_back(mode); }
   bool supports_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode fan_mode) const { return this->supported_fan_modes_.count(fan_mode); }
   bool get_supports_fan_modes() const {
     return !this->supported_fan_modes_.empty() || !this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.empty();
   }
   const ClimateFanModeMask &get_supported_fan_modes() const { return this->supported_fan_modes_; }
 
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<const char *> modes) {
-    this->supported_custom_fan_modes_ = modes;
+  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_fan_modes) {
+    this->supported_custom_fan_modes_ = std::move(supported_custom_fan_modes);
   }
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(const std::vector<const char *> &modes) {
+  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<std::string> modes) {
     this->supported_custom_fan_modes_ = modes;
   }
   template<size_t N> void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(const char *const (&modes)[N]) {
     this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.assign(modes, modes + N);
   }
-
-  // Deleted overloads to catch incorrect std::string usage at compile time with clear error messages
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(const std::vector<std::string> &modes) = delete;
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<std::string> modes) = delete;
-
-  const std::vector<const char *> &get_supported_custom_fan_modes() const { return this->supported_custom_fan_modes_; }
-  bool supports_custom_fan_mode(const char *custom_fan_mode) const {
-    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_fan_modes_, custom_fan_mode);
-  }
+  const std::vector<std::string> &get_supported_custom_fan_modes() const { return this->supported_custom_fan_modes_; }
   bool supports_custom_fan_mode(const std::string &custom_fan_mode) const {
-    return this->supports_custom_fan_mode(custom_fan_mode.c_str());
+    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_fan_modes_, custom_fan_mode);
   }
 
   void set_supported_presets(ClimatePresetMask presets) { this->supported_presets_ = presets; }
   void add_supported_preset(ClimatePreset preset) { this->supported_presets_.insert(preset); }
+  void add_supported_custom_preset(const std::string &preset) { this->supported_custom_presets_.push_back(preset); }
   bool supports_preset(ClimatePreset preset) const { return this->supported_presets_.count(preset); }
   bool get_supports_presets() const { return !this->supported_presets_.empty(); }
   const ClimatePresetMask &get_supported_presets() const { return this->supported_presets_; }
 
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::initializer_list<const char *> presets) {
-    this->supported_custom_presets_ = presets;
+  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_presets) {
+    this->supported_custom_presets_ = std::move(supported_custom_presets);
   }
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(const std::vector<const char *> &presets) {
+  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::initializer_list<std::string> presets) {
     this->supported_custom_presets_ = presets;
   }
   template<size_t N> void set_supported_custom_presets(const char *const (&presets)[N]) {
     this->supported_custom_presets_.assign(presets, presets + N);
   }
-
-  // Deleted overloads to catch incorrect std::string usage at compile time with clear error messages
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(const std::vector<std::string> &presets) = delete;
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::initializer_list<std::string> presets) = delete;
-
-  const std::vector<const char *> &get_supported_custom_presets() const { return this->supported_custom_presets_; }
-  bool supports_custom_preset(const char *custom_preset) const {
-    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_presets_, custom_preset);
-  }
+  const std::vector<std::string> &get_supported_custom_presets() const { return this->supported_custom_presets_; }
   bool supports_custom_preset(const std::string &custom_preset) const {
-    return this->supports_custom_preset(custom_preset.c_str());
+    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_presets_, custom_preset);
   }
 
   void set_supported_swing_modes(ClimateSwingModeMask modes) { this->supported_swing_modes_ = modes; }
@@ -255,18 +227,6 @@ class ClimateTraits {
     }
   }
 
-  /// Find and return the matching custom fan mode pointer from supported modes, or nullptr if not found
-  /// This is protected as it's an implementation detail - use Climate::find_custom_fan_mode_() instead
-  const char *find_custom_fan_mode_(const char *custom_fan_mode) const {
-    return vector_find(this->supported_custom_fan_modes_, custom_fan_mode);
-  }
-
-  /// Find and return the matching custom preset pointer from supported presets, or nullptr if not found
-  /// This is protected as it's an implementation detail - use Climate::find_custom_preset_() instead
-  const char *find_custom_preset_(const char *custom_preset) const {
-    return vector_find(this->supported_custom_presets_, custom_preset);
-  }
-
   uint32_t feature_flags_{0};
   float visual_min_temperature_{10};
   float visual_max_temperature_{30};
@@ -279,17 +239,8 @@ class ClimateTraits {
   climate::ClimateFanModeMask supported_fan_modes_;
   climate::ClimateSwingModeMask supported_swing_modes_;
   climate::ClimatePresetMask supported_presets_;
-
-  /** Custom mode storage using const char* pointers to eliminate std::string overhead.
-   *
-   * Pointers must remain valid for the ClimateTraits lifetime. Safe patterns:
-   *  - String literals: set_supported_custom_fan_modes({"Turbo", "Silent"})
-   *  - Static const data: static const char* MODE = "Eco";
-   *
-   * Climate class setters validate pointers are from these vectors before storing.
-   */
-  std::vector<const char *> supported_custom_fan_modes_;
-  std::vector<const char *> supported_custom_presets_;
+  std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_fan_modes_;
+  std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_presets_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace climate

esphome/components/climate_ir/__init__.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import logging
 
+from esphome import core
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import climate, remote_base, sensor
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_SENSOR, CONF_SUPPORTS_COOL, CONF_SUPPORTS_HEAT
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_SENSOR, CONF_SUPPORTS_COOL, CONF_SUPPORTS_HEAT
 from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObjClass
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -51,6 +52,26 @@ def climate_ir_with_receiver_schema(
     )
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+def deprecated_schema_constant(config):
+    type: str = "unknown"
+    if (id := config.get(CONF_ID)) is not None and isinstance(id, core.ID):
+        type = str(id.type).split("::", maxsplit=1)[0]
+    _LOGGER.warning(
+        "Using `climate_ir.CLIMATE_IR_WITH_RECEIVER_SCHEMA` is deprecated and will be removed in ESPHome 2025.11.0. "
+        "Please use `climate_ir.climate_ir_with_receiver_schema(...)` instead. "
+        "If you are seeing this, report an issue to the external_component author and ask them to update it. "
+        "https://developers.esphome.io/blog/2025/05/14/_schema-deprecations/. "
+        "Component using this schema: %s",
+        type,
+    )
+    return config
+
+
+CLIMATE_IR_WITH_RECEIVER_SCHEMA = climate_ir_with_receiver_schema(ClimateIR)
+CLIMATE_IR_WITH_RECEIVER_SCHEMA.add_extra(deprecated_schema_constant)
+
+
 async def register_climate_ir(var, config):
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
     await remote_base.register_transmittable(var, config)

esphome/components/const/__init__.py

@@ -11,5 +11,4 @@ CONF_DRAW_ROUNDING = "draw_rounding"
 CONF_ON_RECEIVE = "on_receive"
 CONF_ON_STATE_CHANGE = "on_state_change"
 CONF_REQUEST_HEADERS = "request_headers"
-CONF_ROWS = "rows"
 CONF_USE_PSRAM = "use_psram"

esphome/components/copy/fan/copy_fan.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ void CopyFan::setup() {
     this->oscillating = source_->oscillating;
     this->speed = source_->speed;
     this->direction = source_->direction;
-    this->set_preset_mode_(source_->get_preset_mode());
+    this->preset_mode = source_->preset_mode;
     this->publish_state();
   });
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ void CopyFan::setup() {
   this->oscillating = source_->oscillating;
   this->speed = source_->speed;
   this->direction = source_->direction;
-  this->set_preset_mode_(source_->get_preset_mode());
+  this->preset_mode = source_->preset_mode;
   this->publish_state();
 }
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void CopyFan::control(const fan::FanCall &call) {
     call2.set_speed(*call.get_speed());
   if (call.get_direction().has_value())
     call2.set_direction(*call.get_direction());
-  if (call.has_preset_mode())
+  if (!call.get_preset_mode().empty())
     call2.set_preset_mode(call.get_preset_mode());
   call2.perform();
 }

esphome/components/copy/select/copy_select.cpp

@@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ namespace copy {
 static const char *const TAG = "copy.select";
 
 void CopySelect::setup() {
-  source_->add_on_state_callback([this](const std::string &value, size_t index) { this->publish_state(index); });
+  source_->add_on_state_callback([this](const std::string &value, size_t index) { this->publish_state(value); });
 
   traits.set_options(source_->traits.get_options());
 
   if (source_->has_state())
-    this->publish_state(source_->active_index().value());
+    this->publish_state(source_->state);
 }
 
 void CopySelect::dump_config() { LOG_SELECT("", "Copy Select", this); }
 
-void CopySelect::control(size_t index) {
+void CopySelect::control(const std::string &value) {
   auto call = source_->make_call();
-  call.set_index(index);
+  call.set_option(value);
   call.perform();
 }
 

esphome/components/copy/select/copy_select.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class CopySelect : public select::Select, public Component {
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 
   select::Select *source_;
 };

esphome/components/cover/__init__.py

@@ -151,6 +151,11 @@ def cover_schema(
     return _COVER_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+COVER_SCHEMA = cover_schema(Cover)
+COVER_SCHEMA.add_extra(cv.deprecated_schema_constant("cover"))
+
+
 async def setup_cover_core_(var, config):
     await setup_entity(var, config, "cover")
 

esphome/components/dallas_temp/dallas_temp.cpp

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ bool DallasTemperatureSensor::read_scratch_pad_() {
 }
 
 void DallasTemperatureSensor::setup() {
-  if (!this->check_address_or_index_())
+  if (!this->check_address_())
     return;
   if (!this->read_scratch_pad_())
     return;

esphome/components/debug/debug_zephyr.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 
 #define BOOTLOADER_VERSION_REGISTER NRF_TIMER2->CC[0]
 
-namespace esphome::debug {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace debug {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "debug";
 constexpr std::uintptr_t MBR_PARAM_PAGE_ADDR = 0xFFC;
@@ -280,18 +281,14 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
            NRF_FICR->INFO.VARIANT & 0xFF, package(NRF_FICR->INFO.PACKAGE));
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "RAM: %ukB, Flash: %ukB, production test: %sdone", NRF_FICR->INFO.RAM, NRF_FICR->INFO.FLASH,
            (NRF_FICR->PRODTEST[0] == 0xBB42319F ? "" : "not "));
-  bool n_reset_enabled = NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] == NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[1] &&
-                         (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) == UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected
-                                                                                      << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos;
   ESP_LOGD(
       TAG, "GPIO as NFC pins: %s, GPIO as nRESET pin: %s",
       YESNO((NRF_UICR->NFCPINS & UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_Msk) == (UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_NFC << UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_Pos)),
-      YESNO(n_reset_enabled));
-  if (n_reset_enabled) {
-    uint8_t port = (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_PORT_Msk) >> UICR_PSELRESET_PORT_Pos;
-    uint8_t pin = (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_PIN_Msk) >> UICR_PSELRESET_PIN_Pos;
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "nRESET port P%u.%02u", port, pin);
-  }
+      YESNO(((NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) !=
+             (UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos)) ||
+            ((NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[1] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) !=
+             (UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos))));
+
 #ifdef USE_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "bootloader: mcuboot");
 #else
@@ -325,22 +322,10 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
 #endif
   }
 #endif
-  auto uicr = [](volatile uint32_t *data, uint8_t size) {
-    std::string res;
-    char buf[sizeof(uint32_t) * 2 + 1];
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-      if (i > 0) {
-        res += ' ';
-      }
-      res += format_hex_pretty<uint32_t>(data[i], '\0', false);
-    }
-    return res;
-  };
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "NRFFW %s", uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFFW, 13).c_str());
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "NRFHW %s", uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFHW, 12).c_str());
 }
 
 void DebugComponent::update_platform_() {}
 
-}  // namespace esphome::debug
+}  // namespace debug
+}  // namespace esphome
 #endif

esphome/components/demo/demo_climate.h

@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@ class DemoClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
         this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_AUTO;
         this->action = climate::CLIMATE_ACTION_COOLING;
         this->fan_mode = climate::CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH;
-        this->set_custom_preset_("My Preset");
+        this->custom_preset = {"My Preset"};
         break;
       case DemoClimateType::TYPE_3:
         this->current_temperature = 21.5;
         this->target_temperature_low = 21.0;
         this->target_temperature_high = 22.5;
         this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL;
-        this->set_custom_fan_mode_("Auto Low");
+        this->custom_fan_mode = {"Auto Low"};
         this->swing_mode = climate::CLIMATE_SWING_HORIZONTAL;
-        this->set_preset_(climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_AWAY);
+        this->preset = climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_AWAY;
         break;
     }
     this->publish_state();
@@ -58,19 +58,23 @@ class DemoClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
       this->target_temperature_high = *call.get_target_temperature_high();
     }
     if (call.get_fan_mode().has_value()) {
-      this->set_fan_mode_(*call.get_fan_mode());
+      this->fan_mode = *call.get_fan_mode();
+      this->custom_fan_mode.reset();
     }
     if (call.get_swing_mode().has_value()) {
       this->swing_mode = *call.get_swing_mode();
     }
-    if (call.has_custom_fan_mode()) {
-      this->set_custom_fan_mode_(call.get_custom_fan_mode());
+    if (call.get_custom_fan_mode().has_value()) {
+      this->custom_fan_mode = *call.get_custom_fan_mode();
+      this->fan_mode.reset();
     }
     if (call.get_preset().has_value()) {
-      this->set_preset_(*call.get_preset());
+      this->preset = *call.get_preset();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
     }
-    if (call.has_custom_preset()) {
-      this->set_custom_preset_(call.get_custom_preset());
+    if (call.get_custom_preset().has_value()) {
+      this->custom_preset = *call.get_custom_preset();
+      this->preset.reset();
     }
     this->publish_state();
   }

esphome/components/display/display.h

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ class Display : public PollingComponent {
   /// Fill the entire screen with the given color.
   virtual void fill(Color color);
   /// Clear the entire screen by filling it with OFF pixels.
-  virtual void clear();
+  void clear();
 
   /// Get the calculated width of the display in pixels with rotation applied.
   virtual int get_width() { return this->get_width_internal(); }

esphome/components/display_menu_base/menu_item.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ std::string MenuItemSelect::get_value_text() const {
     result = this->value_getter_.value()(this);
   } else {
     if (this->select_var_ != nullptr) {
-      result = this->select_var_->current_option();
+      result = this->select_var_->state;
     }
   }
 

esphome/components/e131/e131.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 #include "e131_addressable_light_effect.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-#include <algorithm>
-
 namespace esphome {
 namespace e131 {
 
@@ -78,14 +76,14 @@ void E131Component::loop() {
 }
 
 void E131Component::add_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {
-  if (std::find(light_effects_.begin(), light_effects_.end(), light_effect) != light_effects_.end()) {
+  if (light_effects_.count(light_effect)) {
     return;
   }
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Registering '%s' for universes %d-%d.", light_effect->get_name(), light_effect->get_first_universe(),
            light_effect->get_last_universe());
 
-  light_effects_.push_back(light_effect);
+  light_effects_.insert(light_effect);
 
   for (auto universe = light_effect->get_first_universe(); universe <= light_effect->get_last_universe(); ++universe) {
     join_(universe);
@@ -93,17 +91,14 @@ void E131Component::add_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {
 }
 
 void E131Component::remove_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {
-  auto it = std::find(light_effects_.begin(), light_effects_.end(), light_effect);
-  if (it == light_effects_.end()) {
+  if (!light_effects_.count(light_effect)) {
     return;
   }
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Unregistering '%s' for universes %d-%d.", light_effect->get_name(), light_effect->get_first_universe(),
            light_effect->get_last_universe());
 
-  // Swap with last element and pop for O(1) removal (order doesn't matter)
-  *it = light_effects_.back();
-  light_effects_.pop_back();
+  light_effects_.erase(light_effect);
 
   for (auto universe = light_effect->get_first_universe(); universe <= light_effect->get_last_universe(); ++universe) {
     leave_(universe);

esphome/components/e131/e131.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <cinttypes>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <set>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -46,8 +47,9 @@ class E131Component : public esphome::Component {
 
   E131ListenMethod listen_method_{E131_MULTICAST};
   std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_;
-  std::vector<E131AddressableLightEffect *> light_effects_;
+  std::set<E131AddressableLightEffect *> light_effects_;
   std::map<int, int> universe_consumers_;
+  std::map<int, E131Packet> universe_packets_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace e131

esphome/components/epaper_spi/display.py

@@ -1,35 +1,21 @@
-import importlib
-import pkgutil
-
 from esphome import core, pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import display, spi
-from esphome.components.mipi import flatten_sequence, map_sequence
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BUSY_PIN,
-    CONF_CS_PIN,
-    CONF_DATA_RATE,
     CONF_DC_PIN,
-    CONF_DIMENSIONS,
-    CONF_ENABLE_PIN,
-    CONF_HEIGHT,
     CONF_ID,
-    CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE,
     CONF_LAMBDA,
     CONF_MODEL,
+    CONF_PAGES,
     CONF_RESET_DURATION,
     CONF_RESET_PIN,
-    CONF_WIDTH,
 )
 
-from . import models
-
 AUTO_LOAD = ["split_buffer"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["spi"]
 
-CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID = "init_sequence_id"
-
 epaper_spi_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("epaper_spi")
 EPaperBase = epaper_spi_ns.class_(
     "EPaperBase", cg.PollingComponent, spi.SPIDevice, display.DisplayBuffer
@@ -38,78 +24,29 @@ EPaperBase = epaper_spi_ns.class_(
 EPaperSpectraE6 = epaper_spi_ns.class_("EPaperSpectraE6", EPaperBase)
 EPaper7p3InSpectraE6 = epaper_spi_ns.class_("EPaper7p3InSpectraE6", EPaperSpectraE6)
 
-
-# Import all models dynamically from the models package
-for module_info in pkgutil.iter_modules(models.__path__):
-    importlib.import_module(f".models.{module_info.name}", package=__package__)
-
-MODELS = models.EpaperModel.models
-
-DIMENSION_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
-    {
-        cv.Required(CONF_WIDTH): cv.int_,
-        cv.Required(CONF_HEIGHT): cv.int_,
-    }
-)
+MODELS = {
+    "7.3in-spectra-e6": EPaper7p3InSpectraE6,
+}
 
 
-def model_schema(config):
-    model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
-    class_name = epaper_spi_ns.class_(model.class_name, EPaperBase)
-    cv_dimensions = cv.Optional if model.get_default(CONF_WIDTH) else cv.Required
-    return (
-        display.FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.extend(
-            spi.spi_device_schema(
-                cs_pin_required=False,
-                default_mode="MODE0",
-                default_data_rate=model.get_default(CONF_DATA_RATE, 10_000_000),
-            )
-        )
-        .extend(
-            {
-                model.option(pin): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema
-                for pin in (CONF_RESET_PIN, CONF_CS_PIN, CONF_BUSY_PIN)
-            }
-        )
-        .extend(
-            {
-                cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(model.name, upper=True),
-                model.option(CONF_DC_PIN, fallback=None): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema,
-                cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(class_name),
-                cv.GenerateID(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.uint8),
-                cv_dimensions(CONF_DIMENSIONS): DIMENSION_SCHEMA,
-                model.option(CONF_ENABLE_PIN): cv.ensure_list(
-                    pins.gpio_output_pin_schema
-                ),
-                model.option(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE, cv.UNDEFINED): cv.ensure_list(
-                    map_sequence
-                ),
-                model.option(CONF_RESET_DURATION, cv.UNDEFINED): cv.All(
-                    cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
-                    cv.Range(max=core.TimePeriod(milliseconds=500)),
-                ),
-            }
-        )
-    )
-
-
-def customise_schema(config):
-    """
-    Create a customised config schema for a specific model and validate the configuration.
-    :param config: The configuration dictionary to validate
-    :return: The validated configuration dictionary
-    :raises cv.Invalid: If the configuration is invalid
-    """
-    config = cv.Schema(
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
+    display.FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.extend(
         {
-            cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(*MODELS, upper=True),
-        },
-        extra=cv.ALLOW_EXTRA,
-    )(config)
-    return model_schema(config)(config)
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = customise_schema
+            cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(EPaperBase),
+            cv.Required(CONF_DC_PIN): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema,
+            cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(*MODELS, lower=True, space="-"),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_RESET_PIN): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_BUSY_PIN): pins.gpio_input_pin_schema,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_RESET_DURATION): cv.All(
+                cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
+                cv.Range(max=core.TimePeriod(milliseconds=500)),
+            ),
+        }
+    )
+    .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
+    .extend(spi.spi_device_schema()),
+    cv.has_at_most_one_key(CONF_PAGES, CONF_LAMBDA),
+)
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
     "epaper_spi", require_miso=False, require_mosi=True
@@ -119,23 +56,8 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
 
-    init_sequence = config.get(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE)
-    if init_sequence is None:
-        init_sequence = model.get_init_sequence(config)
-    init_sequence = flatten_sequence(init_sequence)
-    init_sequence_length = len(init_sequence)
-    init_sequence_id = cg.static_const_array(
-        config[CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID], init_sequence
-    )
-    width, height = model.get_dimensions(config)
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(
-        config[CONF_ID],
-        model.name,
-        width,
-        height,
-        init_sequence_id,
-        init_sequence_length,
-    )
+    rhs = model.new()
+    var = cg.Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], rhs, model)
 
     await display.register_display(var, config)
     await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi.cpp

@@ -8,20 +8,33 @@ namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "epaper_spi";
 
-static constexpr const char *const EPAPER_STATE_STRINGS[] = {
-    "IDLE",        "UPDATE",     "RESET",         "RESET_END",
-
-    "SHOULD_WAIT", "INITIALISE", "TRANSFER_DATA", "POWER_ON",  "REFRESH_SCREEN", "POWER_OFF", "DEEP_SLEEP",
-};
-
-const char *EPaperBase::epaper_state_to_string_() {
-  if (auto idx = static_cast<unsigned>(this->state_); idx < std::size(EPAPER_STATE_STRINGS))
-    return EPAPER_STATE_STRINGS[idx];
-  return "Unknown";
+static const LogString *epaper_state_to_string(EPaperState state) {
+  switch (state) {
+    case EPaperState::IDLE:
+      return LOG_STR("IDLE");
+    case EPaperState::UPDATE:
+      return LOG_STR("UPDATE");
+    case EPaperState::RESET:
+      return LOG_STR("RESET");
+    case EPaperState::INITIALISE:
+      return LOG_STR("INITIALISE");
+    case EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA:
+      return LOG_STR("TRANSFER_DATA");
+    case EPaperState::POWER_ON:
+      return LOG_STR("POWER_ON");
+    case EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN:
+      return LOG_STR("REFRESH_SCREEN");
+    case EPaperState::POWER_OFF:
+      return LOG_STR("POWER_OFF");
+    case EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP:
+      return LOG_STR("DEEP_SLEEP");
+    default:
+      return LOG_STR("UNKNOWN");
+  }
 }
 
 void EPaperBase::setup() {
-  if (!this->init_buffer_(this->buffer_length_)) {
+  if (!this->init_buffer_(this->get_buffer_length())) {
     this->mark_failed("Failed to initialise buffer");
     return;
   }
@@ -37,7 +50,7 @@ bool EPaperBase::init_buffer_(size_t buffer_length) {
   return true;
 }
 
-void EPaperBase::setup_pins_() const {
+void EPaperBase::setup_pins_() {
   this->dc_pin_->setup();  // OUTPUT
   this->dc_pin_->digital_write(false);
 
@@ -68,7 +81,11 @@ void EPaperBase::data(uint8_t value) {
 // write a command followed by zero or more bytes of data.
 // The command is the first byte, length is the length of data only in the second byte, followed by the data.
 // [COMMAND, LENGTH, DATA...]
-void EPaperBase::cmd_data(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *ptr, size_t length) {
+void EPaperBase::cmd_data(const uint8_t *data) {
+  const uint8_t command = data[0];
+  const uint8_t length = data[1];
+  const uint8_t *ptr = data + 2;
+
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Command: 0x%02X, Length: %d, Data: %s", command, length,
             format_hex_pretty(ptr, length, '.', false).c_str());
 
@@ -82,146 +99,91 @@ void EPaperBase::cmd_data(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *ptr, size_t length) {
   this->disable();
 }
 
-bool EPaperBase::is_idle_() const {
+bool EPaperBase::is_idle_() {
   if (this->busy_pin_ == nullptr) {
     return true;
   }
-  return !this->busy_pin_->digital_read();
+  return this->busy_pin_->digital_read();
 }
 
-bool EPaperBase::reset_() const {
+void EPaperBase::reset() {
   if (this->reset_pin_ != nullptr) {
-    if (this->state_ == EPaperState::RESET) {
-      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
-      return false;
-    }
-    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
+    this->disable_loop();
+    this->set_timeout(this->reset_duration_, [this] {
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+      this->set_timeout(20, [this] { this->enable_loop(); });
+    });
   }
-  return true;
 }
 
 void EPaperBase::update() {
-  if (this->state_ != EPaperState::IDLE) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Display already in state %s", epaper_state_to_string_());
+  if (!this->state_queue_.empty()) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Display update already in progress - %s",
+             LOG_STR_ARG(epaper_state_to_string(this->state_queue_.front())));
     return;
   }
-  this->set_state_(EPaperState::RESET);
+
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::UPDATE);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::RESET);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::INITIALISE);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::POWER_ON);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::POWER_OFF);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::IDLE);
+
   this->enable_loop();
 }
 
-void EPaperBase::wait_for_idle_(bool should_wait) {
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-  if (should_wait) {
-    this->waiting_for_idle_start_ = millis();
-    this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ = this->waiting_for_idle_start_;
-  }
-#endif
-  this->waiting_for_idle_ = should_wait;
-}
-
-/**
- * Called during the loop task.
- * First defer for any pending delays, then check if we are waiting for the display to become idle.
- * If not waiting for idle, process the state machine.
- */
-
 void EPaperBase::loop() {
-  auto now = millis();
-  if (this->delay_until_ != 0) {
-    // using modulus arithmetic to handle wrap-around
-    int diff = now - this->delay_until_;
-    if (diff < 0) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this->delay_until_ = 0;
-  }
   if (this->waiting_for_idle_) {
     if (this->is_idle_()) {
       this->waiting_for_idle_ = false;
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Screen now idle after %u ms", (unsigned) (millis() - this->waiting_for_idle_start_));
     } else {
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-      if (now - this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ >= 1000) {
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Waiting for idle in state %s", this->epaper_state_to_string_());
-        this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ = millis();
+      if (App.get_loop_component_start_time() - this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ >= 1000) {
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Waiting for idle");
+        this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
       }
-#endif
       return;
     }
   }
-  this->process_state_();
-}
 
-/**
- * Process the state machine.
- * Typical state sequence:
- * IDLE -> RESET -> RESET_END -> UPDATE -> INITIALISE -> TRANSFER_DATA -> POWER_ON -> REFRESH_SCREEN -> POWER_OFF ->
- * DEEP_SLEEP -> IDLE
- *
- * Should a subclassed class need to override this, the method will need to be made virtual.
- */
-void EPaperBase::process_state_() {
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Process state entered in state %s", epaper_state_to_string_());
-  switch (this->state_) {
-    default:
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Display is in unhandled state %s", epaper_state_to_string_());
-      this->disable_loop();
-      break;
+  auto state = this->state_queue_.front();
+
+  switch (state) {
     case EPaperState::IDLE:
       this->disable_loop();
       break;
-    case EPaperState::RESET:
-    case EPaperState::RESET_END:
-      if (this->reset_()) {
-        this->set_state_(EPaperState::UPDATE);
-      } else {
-        this->set_state_(EPaperState::RESET_END);
-      }
-      break;
     case EPaperState::UPDATE:
       this->do_update_();  // Calls ESPHome (current page) lambda
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::INITIALISE);
+      break;
+    case EPaperState::RESET:
+      this->reset();
       break;
     case EPaperState::INITIALISE:
       this->initialise_();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA);
       break;
     case EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA:
       if (!this->transfer_data()) {
         return;  // Not done yet, come back next loop
       }
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::POWER_ON);
       break;
     case EPaperState::POWER_ON:
       this->power_on();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN);
       break;
     case EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN:
       this->refresh_screen();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::POWER_OFF);
       break;
     case EPaperState::POWER_OFF:
       this->power_off();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP);
       break;
     case EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP:
       this->deep_sleep();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::IDLE);
       break;
   }
-}
-
-void EPaperBase::set_state_(EPaperState state, uint16_t delay) {
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Exit state %s", this->epaper_state_to_string_());
-  this->state_ = state;
-  this->wait_for_idle_(state > EPaperState::SHOULD_WAIT);
-  if (delay != 0) {
-    this->delay_until_ = millis() + delay;
-  } else {
-    this->delay_until_ = 0;
-  }
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Enter state %s, delay %u, wait_for_idle=%s", this->epaper_state_to_string_(), delay,
-           TRUEFALSE(this->waiting_for_idle_));
+  this->state_queue_.pop();
 }
 
 void EPaperBase::start_command_() {
@@ -241,39 +203,25 @@ void EPaperBase::on_safe_shutdown() { this->deep_sleep(); }
 
 void EPaperBase::initialise_() {
   size_t index = 0;
-
-  auto *sequence = this->init_sequence_;
-  auto length = this->init_sequence_length_;
-  while (index != length) {
-    if (length - index < 2) {
+  const auto &sequence = this->init_sequence_;
+  const size_t sequence_size = this->init_sequence_length_;
+  while (index != sequence_size) {
+    if (sequence_size - index < 2) {
       this->mark_failed("Malformed init sequence");
       return;
     }
-    const uint8_t cmd = sequence[index++];
-    if (const uint8_t x = sequence[index++]; x == DELAY_FLAG) {
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Delay %dms", cmd);
-      delay(cmd);
-    } else {
-      const uint8_t num_args = x & 0x7F;
-      if (length - index < num_args) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Malformed init sequence, cmd = %X, num_args = %u", cmd, num_args);
-        this->mark_failed();
-        return;
-      }
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Command %02X, length %d", cmd, num_args);
-      this->cmd_data(cmd, sequence + index, num_args);
-      index += num_args;
+    const auto *ptr = sequence + index;
+    const uint8_t length = ptr[1];
+    if (sequence_size - index < length + 2) {
+      this->mark_failed("Malformed init sequence");
+      return;
     }
-  }
-}
 
-void EPaperBase::dump_config() {
-  LOG_DISPLAY("", "E-Paper SPI", this);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Model: %s", this->name_);
-  LOG_PIN("  Reset Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
-  LOG_PIN("  DC Pin: ", this->dc_pin_);
-  LOG_PIN("  Busy Pin: ", this->busy_pin_);
-  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
+    this->cmd_data(ptr);
+    index += length + 2;
+  }
+
+  this->power_on();
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi.h

@@ -8,48 +8,36 @@
 #include <queue>
 
 namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
-using namespace display;
 
 enum class EPaperState : uint8_t {
-  IDLE,       // not doing anything
-  UPDATE,     // update the buffer
-  RESET,      // drive reset low (active)
-  RESET_END,  // drive reset high (inactive)
-
-  SHOULD_WAIT,     // states higher than this should wait for the display to be not busy
-  INITIALISE,      // send the init sequence
-  TRANSFER_DATA,   // transfer data to the display
-  POWER_ON,        // power on the display
-  REFRESH_SCREEN,  // send refresh command
-  POWER_OFF,       // power off the display
-  DEEP_SLEEP,      // deep sleep the display
+  IDLE,
+  UPDATE,
+  RESET,
+  INITIALISE,
+  TRANSFER_DATA,
+  POWER_ON,
+  REFRESH_SCREEN,
+  POWER_OFF,
+  DEEP_SLEEP,
 };
 
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_TRANSFER_TIME = 10;  // Transfer in 10ms blocks to allow the loop to run
-static constexpr uint8_t DELAY_FLAG = 0xFF;
+static const uint8_t MAX_TRANSFER_TIME = 10;  // Transfer in 10ms blocks to allow the loop to run
 
-class EPaperBase : public DisplayBuffer,
+class EPaperBase : public display::DisplayBuffer,
                    public spi::SPIDevice<spi::BIT_ORDER_MSB_FIRST, spi::CLOCK_POLARITY_LOW, spi::CLOCK_PHASE_LEADING,
                                          spi::DATA_RATE_2MHZ> {
  public:
-  EPaperBase(const char *name, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const uint8_t *init_sequence,
-             size_t init_sequence_length, DisplayType display_type = DISPLAY_TYPE_BINARY)
-      : name_(name),
-        width_(width),
-        height_(height),
-        init_sequence_(init_sequence),
-        init_sequence_length_(init_sequence_length),
-        display_type_(display_type) {}
+  EPaperBase(const uint8_t *init_sequence, const size_t init_sequence_length)
+      : init_sequence_length_(init_sequence_length), init_sequence_(init_sequence) {}
   void set_dc_pin(GPIOPin *dc_pin) { dc_pin_ = dc_pin; }
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
   void set_reset_pin(GPIOPin *reset) { this->reset_pin_ = reset; }
   void set_busy_pin(GPIOPin *busy) { this->busy_pin_ = busy; }
   void set_reset_duration(uint32_t reset_duration) { this->reset_duration_ = reset_duration; }
-  void dump_config() override;
 
   void command(uint8_t value);
   void data(uint8_t value);
-  void cmd_data(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *ptr, size_t length);
+  void cmd_data(const uint8_t *data);
 
   void update() override;
   void loop() override;
@@ -58,84 +46,48 @@ class EPaperBase : public DisplayBuffer,
 
   void on_safe_shutdown() override;
 
-  DisplayType get_display_type() override { return this->display_type_; };
-
  protected:
-  int get_height_internal() override { return this->height_; };
-  int get_width_internal() override { return this->width_; };
-  void process_state_();
-
-  const char *epaper_state_to_string_();
-  bool is_idle_() const;
-  void setup_pins_() const;
-  bool reset_() const;
+  bool is_idle_();
+  void setup_pins_();
+  virtual void reset();
   void initialise_();
-  void wait_for_idle_(bool should_wait);
   bool init_buffer_(size_t buffer_length);
 
   virtual int get_width_controller() { return this->get_width_internal(); };
-
-  /**
-   * Methods that must be implemented by concrete classes to control the display
-   */
+  virtual void deep_sleep() = 0;
   /**
    * Send data to the device via SPI
-   * @return true if done, false if it should be called next loop
+   * @return true if done, false if should be called next loop
    */
   virtual bool transfer_data() = 0;
-  /**
-   * Refresh the screen after data transfer
-   */
   virtual void refresh_screen() = 0;
 
-  /**
-   * Power the display on
-   */
   virtual void power_on() = 0;
-  /**
-   * Power the display off
-   */
   virtual void power_off() = 0;
-
-  /**
-   * Place the display into deep sleep
-   */
-  virtual void deep_sleep() = 0;
-
-  void set_state_(EPaperState state, uint16_t delay = 0);
+  virtual uint32_t get_buffer_length() = 0;
 
   void start_command_();
   void end_command_();
   void start_data_();
   void end_data_();
 
-  // properties initialised in the constructor
-  const char *name_;
-  uint16_t width_;
-  uint16_t height_;
-  const uint8_t *init_sequence_;
-  size_t init_sequence_length_;
-  DisplayType display_type_;
+  const size_t init_sequence_length_{0};
 
-  size_t buffer_length_{};
-  size_t current_data_index_{0};  // used by data transfer to track progress
+  size_t current_data_index_{0};
   uint32_t reset_duration_{200};
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-  uint32_t transfer_start_time_{};
   uint32_t waiting_for_idle_last_print_{0};
-  uint32_t waiting_for_idle_start_{0};
-#endif
 
-  GPIOPin *dc_pin_{};
-  GPIOPin *busy_pin_{};
-  GPIOPin *reset_pin_{};
+  GPIOPin *dc_pin_;
+  GPIOPin *busy_pin_{nullptr};
+  GPIOPin *reset_pin_{nullptr};
+
+  const uint8_t *init_sequence_{nullptr};
 
   bool waiting_for_idle_{false};
-  uint32_t delay_until_{0};
 
   split_buffer::SplitBuffer buffer_;
 
-  EPaperState state_{EPaperState::IDLE};
+  std::queue<EPaperState> state_queue_{{EPaperState::IDLE}};
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_model_7p3in_spectra_e6.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#include "epaper_spi_model_7p3in_spectra_e6.h"
+
+namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
+
+static constexpr const char *const TAG = "epaper_spi.7.3in-spectra-e6";
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::power_on() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Power on");
+  this->command(0x04);
+  this->waiting_for_idle_ = true;
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::power_off() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Power off");
+  this->command(0x02);
+  this->data(0x00);
+  this->waiting_for_idle_ = true;
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::refresh_screen() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Refresh");
+  this->command(0x12);
+  this->data(0x00);
+  this->waiting_for_idle_ = true;
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::deep_sleep() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Deep sleep");
+  this->command(0x07);
+  this->data(0xA5);
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::dump_config() {
+  LOG_DISPLAY("", "E-Paper SPI", this);
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Model: 7.3in Spectra E6");
+  LOG_PIN("  Reset Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
+  LOG_PIN("  DC Pin: ", this->dc_pin_);
+  LOG_PIN("  Busy Pin: ", this->busy_pin_);
+  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_model_7p3in_spectra_e6.h

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "epaper_spi_spectra_e6.h"
+
+namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
+
+class EPaper7p3InSpectraE6 : public EPaperSpectraE6 {
+  static constexpr const uint16_t WIDTH = 800;
+  static constexpr const uint16_t HEIGHT = 480;
+  // clang-format off
+
+  // Command, data length, data
+  static constexpr uint8_t INIT_SEQUENCE[] = {
+    0xAA, 6, 0x49, 0x55, 0x20, 0x08, 0x09, 0x18,
+    0x01, 1, 0x3F,
+    0x00, 2, 0x5F, 0x69,
+    0x03, 4, 0x00, 0x54, 0x00, 0x44,
+    0x05, 4, 0x40, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x2C,
+    0x06, 4, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x17, 0x49,
+    0x08, 4, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x22,
+    0x30, 1, 0x03,
+    0x50, 1, 0x3F,
+    0x60, 2, 0x02, 0x00,
+    0x61, 4, WIDTH / 256, WIDTH % 256, HEIGHT / 256, HEIGHT % 256,
+    0x84, 1, 0x01,
+    0xE3, 1, 0x2F,
+  };
+  // clang-format on
+
+ public:
+  EPaper7p3InSpectraE6() : EPaperSpectraE6(INIT_SEQUENCE, sizeof(INIT_SEQUENCE)) {}
+
+  void dump_config() override;
+
+ protected:
+  int get_width_internal() override { return WIDTH; };
+  int get_height_internal() override { return HEIGHT; };
+
+  void refresh_screen() override;
+  void power_on() override;
+  void power_off() override;
+  void deep_sleep() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_spectra_e6.cpp

@@ -1,166 +1,135 @@
 #include "epaper_spi_spectra_e6.h"
 
-#include <algorithm>
-
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
+
 static constexpr const char *const TAG = "epaper_spi.6c";
-static constexpr size_t MAX_TRANSFER_SIZE = 128;
-static constexpr unsigned char GRAY_THRESHOLD = 50;
 
-enum E6Color {
-  BLACK,
-  WHITE,
-  YELLOW,
-  RED,
-  SKIP_1,
-  BLUE,
-  GREEN,
-  CYAN,
-  SKIP_2,
-};
-
-static uint8_t color_to_hex(Color color) {
-  // --- Step 1: Check for Grayscale (Black or White) ---
-  // We define "grayscale" as a color where the min and max components
-  // are close to each other.
-  unsigned char max_rgb = std::max({color.r, color.g, color.b});
-  unsigned char min_rgb = std::min({color.r, color.g, color.b});
-
-  if ((max_rgb - min_rgb) < GRAY_THRESHOLD) {
-    // It's a shade of gray. Map to BLACK or WHITE.
-    // We split the luminance at the halfway point (382 = (255*3)/2)
-    if ((static_cast<int>(color.r) + color.g + color.b) > 382) {
-      return WHITE;
+static inline uint8_t color_to_hex(Color color) {
+  if (color.red > 127) {
+    if (color.green > 170) {
+      if (color.blue > 127) {
+        return 0x1;  // White
+      } else {
+        return 0x2;  // Yellow
+      }
+    } else {
+      return 0x3;  // Red (or Magenta)
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (color.green > 127) {
+      if (color.blue > 127) {
+        return 0x5;  // Cyan -> Blue
+      } else {
+        return 0x6;  // Green
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (color.blue > 127) {
+        return 0x5;  // Blue
+      } else {
+        return 0x0;  // Black
+      }
     }
-    return BLACK;
   }
-  // --- Step 2: Check for Primary/Secondary Colors ---
-  // If it's not gray, it's a color. We check which components are
-  // "on" (over 128) vs "off". This divides the RGB cube into 8 corners.
-  bool r_on = (color.r > 128);
-  bool g_on = (color.g > 128);
-  bool b_on = (color.b > 128);
-
-  if (r_on && g_on && !b_on) {
-    return YELLOW;
-  }
-  if (r_on && !g_on && !b_on) {
-    return RED;
-  }
-  if (!r_on && g_on && !b_on) {
-    return GREEN;
-  }
-  if (!r_on && !g_on && b_on) {
-    return BLUE;
-  }
-  // Handle "impure" colors (Cyan, Magenta)
-  if (!r_on && g_on && b_on) {
-    // Cyan (G+B) -> Closest is Green or Blue. Pick Green.
-    return GREEN;
-  }
-  if (r_on && !g_on) {
-    // Magenta (R+B) -> Closest is Red or Blue. Pick Red.
-    return RED;
-  }
-  // Handle the remaining corners (White-ish, Black-ish)
-  if (r_on) {
-    // All high (but not gray) -> White
-    return WHITE;
-  }
-  // !r_on && !g_on && !b_on
-  // All low (but not gray) -> Black
-  return BLACK;
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::power_on() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power on");
-  this->command(0x04);
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::power_off() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power off");
-  this->command(0x02);
-  this->data(0x00);
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::refresh_screen() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Refresh");
-  this->command(0x12);
-  this->data(0x00);
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::deep_sleep() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Deep sleep");
-  this->command(0x07);
-  this->data(0xA5);
 }
 
 void EPaperSpectraE6::fill(Color color) {
-  auto pixel_color = color_to_hex(color);
+  uint8_t pixel_color;
+  if (color.is_on()) {
+    pixel_color = color_to_hex(color);
+  } else {
+    pixel_color = 0x1;
+  }
 
-  // We store 2 pixels per byte
-  this->buffer_.fill(pixel_color + (pixel_color << 4));
+  // We store 8 bitset<3> in 3 bytes
+  // | byte 1 | byte 2 | byte 3 |
+  // |aaabbbaa|abbbaaab|bbaaabbb|
+  uint8_t byte_1 = pixel_color << 5 | pixel_color << 2 | pixel_color >> 1;
+  uint8_t byte_2 = pixel_color << 7 | pixel_color << 4 | pixel_color << 1 | pixel_color >> 2;
+  uint8_t byte_3 = pixel_color << 6 | pixel_color << 3 | pixel_color << 0;
+
+  const size_t buffer_length = this->get_buffer_length();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < buffer_length; i += 3) {
+    this->buffer_[i + 0] = byte_1;
+    this->buffer_[i + 1] = byte_2;
+    this->buffer_[i + 2] = byte_3;
+  }
 }
 
-void EPaperSpectraE6::clear() {
-  // clear buffer to white, just like real paper.
-  this->fill(COLOR_ON);
+uint32_t EPaperSpectraE6::get_buffer_length() {
+  // 6 colors buffer, 1 pixel = 3 bits, we will store 8 pixels in 24 bits = 3 bytes
+  return this->get_width_controller() * this->get_height_internal() / 8u * 3u;
 }
 
 void HOT EPaperSpectraE6::draw_absolute_pixel_internal(int x, int y, Color color) {
-  if (x >= this->width_ || y >= this->height_ || x < 0 || y < 0)
+  if (x >= this->get_width_internal() || y >= this->get_height_internal() || x < 0 || y < 0)
     return;
 
-  auto pixel_bits = color_to_hex(color);
+  uint8_t pixel_bits = color_to_hex(color);
   uint32_t pixel_position = x + y * this->get_width_controller();
-  uint32_t byte_position = pixel_position / 2;
-  auto original = this->buffer_[byte_position];
-  if ((pixel_position & 1) != 0) {
-    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (original & 0xF0) | pixel_bits;
+  uint32_t first_bit_position = pixel_position * 3;
+  uint32_t byte_position = first_bit_position / 8u;
+  uint32_t byte_subposition = first_bit_position % 8u;
+
+  if (byte_subposition <= 5) {
+    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (this->buffer_[byte_position] & (0xFF ^ (0b111 << (5 - byte_subposition)))) |
+                                   (pixel_bits << (5 - byte_subposition));
   } else {
-    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (original & 0x0F) | (pixel_bits << 4);
+    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (this->buffer_[byte_position] & (0xFF ^ (0b111 >> (byte_subposition - 5)))) |
+                                   (pixel_bits >> (byte_subposition - 5));
+
+    this->buffer_[byte_position + 1] =
+        (this->buffer_[byte_position + 1] & (0xFF ^ (0xFF & (0b111 << (13 - byte_subposition))))) |
+        (pixel_bits << (13 - byte_subposition));
   }
 }
 
 bool HOT EPaperSpectraE6::transfer_data() {
   const uint32_t start_time = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-  const size_t buffer_length = this->buffer_length_;
   if (this->current_data_index_ == 0) {
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-    this->transfer_start_time_ = millis();
-#endif
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Start sending data at %ums", (unsigned) millis());
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Sending data");
     this->command(0x10);
   }
 
-  size_t buf_idx = 0;
-  uint8_t bytes_to_send[MAX_TRANSFER_SIZE];
-  while (this->current_data_index_ != buffer_length) {
-    bytes_to_send[buf_idx++] = this->buffer_[this->current_data_index_++];
+  uint8_t bytes_to_send[4]{0};
+  const size_t buffer_length = this->get_buffer_length();
+  for (size_t i = this->current_data_index_; i < buffer_length; i += 3) {
+    const uint32_t triplet = encode_uint24(this->buffer_[i + 0], this->buffer_[i + 1], this->buffer_[i + 2]);
+    // 8 pixels are stored in 3 bytes
+    // |aaabbbaa|abbbaaab|bbaaabbb|
+    // | byte 1 | byte 2 | byte 3 |
+    bytes_to_send[0] = ((triplet >> 17) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet >> 18) & 0b00000111);
+    bytes_to_send[1] = ((triplet >> 11) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet >> 12) & 0b00000111);
+    bytes_to_send[2] = ((triplet >> 5) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet >> 6) & 0b00000111);
+    bytes_to_send[3] = ((triplet << 1) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet << 0) & 0b00000111);
 
-    if (buf_idx == sizeof bytes_to_send) {
-      this->start_data_();
-      this->write_array(bytes_to_send, buf_idx);
-      this->end_data_();
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Wrote %d bytes at %ums", buf_idx, (unsigned) millis());
-      buf_idx = 0;
+    this->start_data_();
+    this->write_array(bytes_to_send, sizeof(bytes_to_send));
+    this->end_data_();
 
-      if (millis() - start_time > MAX_TRANSFER_TIME) {
-        // Let the main loop run and come back next loop
-        return false;
-      }
+    if (millis() - start_time > MAX_TRANSFER_TIME) {
+      // Let the main loop run and come back next loop
+      this->current_data_index_ = i + 3;
+      return false;
     }
   }
   // Finished the entire dataset
-  if (buf_idx != 0) {
-    this->start_data_();
-    this->write_array(bytes_to_send, buf_idx);
-    this->end_data_();
-  }
   this->current_data_index_ = 0;
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Sent data in %" PRIu32 " ms", millis() - this->transfer_start_time_);
   return true;
 }
+
+void EPaperSpectraE6::reset() {
+  if (this->reset_pin_ != nullptr) {
+    this->disable_loop();
+    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+    this->set_timeout(20, [this] {
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
+      delay(2);
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+      this->set_timeout(20, [this] { this->enable_loop(); });
+    });
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_spectra_e6.h

@@ -6,23 +6,18 @@ namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
 
 class EPaperSpectraE6 : public EPaperBase {
  public:
-  EPaperSpectraE6(const char *name, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const uint8_t *init_sequence,
-                  size_t init_sequence_length)
-      : EPaperBase(name, width, height, init_sequence, init_sequence_length, DISPLAY_TYPE_COLOR) {
-    this->buffer_length_ = width * height / 2;  // 2 pixels per byte
-  }
+  EPaperSpectraE6(const uint8_t *init_sequence, const size_t init_sequence_length)
+      : EPaperBase(init_sequence, init_sequence_length) {}
 
+  display::DisplayType get_display_type() override { return display::DisplayType::DISPLAY_TYPE_COLOR; }
   void fill(Color color) override;
-  void clear() override;
 
  protected:
-  void refresh_screen() override;
-  void power_on() override;
-  void power_off() override;
-  void deep_sleep() override;
   void draw_absolute_pixel_internal(int x, int y, Color color) override;
+  uint32_t get_buffer_length() override;
 
   bool transfer_data() override;
+  void reset() override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/__init__.py

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-from typing import Any, Self
-
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_DIMENSIONS, CONF_HEIGHT, CONF_WIDTH
-
-
-class EpaperModel:
-    models: dict[str, Self] = {}
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        name: str,
-        class_name: str,
-        initsequence=None,
-        **defaults,
-    ):
-        name = name.upper()
-        self.name = name
-        self.class_name = class_name
-        self.initsequence = initsequence
-        self.defaults = defaults
-        EpaperModel.models[name] = self
-
-    def get_default(self, key, fallback: Any = False) -> Any:
-        return self.defaults.get(key, fallback)
-
-    def get_init_sequence(self, config: dict):
-        return self.initsequence
-
-    def option(self, name, fallback=cv.UNDEFINED) -> cv.Optional | cv.Required:
-        if fallback is None and self.get_default(name, None) is None:
-            return cv.Required(name)
-        return cv.Optional(name, default=self.get_default(name, fallback))
-
-    def get_dimensions(self, config) -> tuple[int, int]:
-        if CONF_DIMENSIONS in config:
-            # Explicit dimensions, just use as is
-            dimensions = config[CONF_DIMENSIONS]
-            if isinstance(dimensions, dict):
-                width = dimensions[CONF_WIDTH]
-                height = dimensions[CONF_HEIGHT]
-            else:
-                (width, height) = dimensions
-
-        else:
-            # Default dimensions, use model defaults
-            width = self.get_default(CONF_WIDTH)
-            height = self.get_default(CONF_HEIGHT)
-        return width, height
-
-    def extend(self, name, **kwargs) -> "EpaperModel":
-        """
-        Extend the current model with additional parameters or a modified init sequence.
-        Parameters supplied here will override the defaults of the current model.
-        if the initsequence is not provided, the current model's initsequence will be used.
-        If add_init_sequence is provided, it will be appended to the current initsequence.
-        :param name:
-        :param kwargs:
-        :return:
-        """
-        initsequence = list(kwargs.pop("initsequence", self.initsequence) or ())
-        initsequence.extend(kwargs.pop("add_init_sequence", ()))
-        defaults = self.defaults.copy()
-        defaults.update(kwargs)
-        return self.__class__(name, initsequence=tuple(initsequence), **defaults)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/spectra_e6.py

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-from typing import Any
-
-from . import EpaperModel
-
-
-class SpectraE6(EpaperModel):
-    def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperSpectraE6", **kwargs):
-        super().__init__(name, class_name, **kwargs)
-
-    # fmt: off
-    def get_init_sequence(self, config: dict):
-        width, height = self.get_dimensions(config)
-        return (
-            (0xAA, 0x49, 0x55, 0x20, 0x08, 0x09, 0x18,),
-            (0x01, 0x3F,),
-            (0x00, 0x5F, 0x69,),
-            (0x03, 0x00, 0x54, 0x00, 0x44,),
-            (0x05, 0x40, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x2C,),
-            (0x06, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x17, 0x49,),
-            (0x08, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x22,),
-            (0x30, 0x03,),
-            (0x50, 0x3F,),
-            (0x60, 0x02, 0x00,),
-            (0x61, width // 256, width % 256, height // 256, height % 256,),
-            (0x84, 0x01,),
-            (0xE3, 0x2F,),
-        )
-
-    def get_default(self, key, fallback: Any = False) -> Any:
-        return self.defaults.get(key, fallback)
-
-
-spectra_e6 = SpectraE6("spectra-e6")
-
-spectra_e6.extend(
-    "Seeed-reTerminal-E1002",
-    width=800,
-    height=480,
-    data_rate="20MHz",
-    cs_pin=10,
-    dc_pin=11,
-    reset_pin=12,
-    busy_pin={
-        "number": 13,
-        "inverted": True,
-        "mode": {
-            "input": True,
-            "pullup": True,
-        },
-    },
-)

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -558,7 +558,6 @@ CONF_DISABLE_LIBC_LOCKS_IN_IRAM = "disable_libc_locks_in_iram"
 CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_TERMIOS = "disable_vfs_support_termios"
 CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_SELECT = "disable_vfs_support_select"
 CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_DIR = "disable_vfs_support_dir"
-CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE = "loop_task_stack_size"
 
 # VFS requirement tracking
 # Components that need VFS features can call require_vfs_select() or require_vfs_dir()
@@ -655,9 +654,6 @@ FRAMEWORK_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                     ): cv.boolean,
                     cv.Optional(CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_DIR, default=True): cv.boolean,
                     cv.Optional(CONF_EXECUTE_FROM_PSRAM): cv.boolean,
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE, default=8192): cv.int_range(
-                        min=8192, max=32768
-                    ),
                 }
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_COMPONENTS, default=[]): cv.ensure_list(
@@ -930,10 +926,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
                 f"VERSION_CODE({framework_ver.major}, {framework_ver.minor}, {framework_ver.patch})"
             ),
         )
-        add_idf_sdkconfig_option(
-            "CONFIG_ARDUINO_LOOP_STACK_SIZE",
-            conf[CONF_ADVANCED][CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE],
-        )
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_AUTOSTART_ARDUINO", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_PSK_MODES", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE", True)
@@ -1079,10 +1071,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         )
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_IDF_EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURES", True)
 
-    cg.add_define(
-        "ESPHOME_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE", advanced.get(CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE)
-    )
-
     cg.add_define(
         "USE_ESP_IDF_VERSION_CODE",
         cg.RawExpression(

esphome/components/esp32/core.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "preferences.h"
@@ -97,11 +96,7 @@ void loop_task(void *pv_params) {
 
 extern "C" void app_main() {
   esp32::setup_preferences();
-#if CONFIG_FREERTOS_UNICORE
-  xTaskCreate(loop_task, "loopTask", ESPHOME_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE, nullptr, 1, &loop_task_handle);
-#else
-  xTaskCreatePinnedToCore(loop_task, "loopTask", ESPHOME_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE, nullptr, 1, &loop_task_handle, 1);
-#endif
+  xTaskCreate(loop_task, "loopTask", 8192, nullptr, 1, &loop_task_handle);
 }
 #endif  // USE_ESP_IDF
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble/__init__.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import socket
 from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_sdkconfig_option, const, get_esp32_variant
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, TimePeriod, coroutine_with_priority
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32"]
-AUTO_LOAD = ["socket"]
 CODEOWNERS = ["@jesserockz", "@Rapsssito", "@bdraco"]
 DOMAIN = "esp32_ble"
 
@@ -483,11 +481,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         cg.add(var.set_name(name))
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 
-    # BLE uses the socket wake_loop_threadsafe() mechanism to wake the main loop from BLE tasks
-    # This enables low-latency (~12μs) BLE event processing instead of waiting for
-    # select() timeout (0-16ms). The wake socket is shared across all components.
-    socket.require_wake_loop_threadsafe()
-
     # Define max connections for use in C++ code (e.g., ble_server.h)
     max_connections = config.get(CONF_MAX_CONNECTIONS, DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS)
     cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_MAX_CONNECTIONS", max_connections)

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.cpp

@@ -31,26 +31,6 @@ namespace esphome::esp32_ble {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "esp32_ble";
 
-// GAP event groups for deduplication across gap_event_handler and dispatch_gap_event_
-#define GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT
-
-#define GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_RAW_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_START_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT
-
-#define GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_AUTH_CMPL_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SEC_REQ_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_NOTIF_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_REQ_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_NC_REQ_EVT
-
 void ESP32BLE::setup() {
   global_ble = this;
   if (!ble_pre_setup_()) {
@@ -438,48 +418,60 @@ void ESP32BLE::loop() {
             break;
 
           // Scan complete events
-          GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
-          // Advertising complete events
-          GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
-          // RSSI complete event
-          case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
-          // Security events
-          GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
+            // All three scan complete events have the same structure with just status
+            // The scan_complete struct matches ESP-IDF's layout exactly, so this reinterpret_cast is safe
+            // This is verified at compile-time by static_assert checks in ble_event.h
+            // The struct already contains our copy of the status (copied in BLEEvent constructor)
             ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
 #ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
-            {
-              esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *param;
-              // clang-format off
-              switch (gap_event) {
-                // All three scan complete events have the same structure with just status
-                // The scan_complete struct matches ESP-IDF's layout exactly, so this reinterpret_cast is safe
-                // This is verified at compile-time by static_assert checks in ble_event.h
-                // The struct already contains our copy of the status (copied in BLEEvent constructor)
-                GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.scan_complete);
-                  break;
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.scan_complete));
+            }
+#endif
+            break;
 
-                // All advertising complete events have the same structure with just status
-                GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.adv_complete);
-                  break;
+          // Advertising complete events
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_RAW_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
+            // All advertising complete events have the same structure with just status
+            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
+#ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.adv_complete));
+            }
+#endif
+            break;
 
-                case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.read_rssi_complete);
-                  break;
+          // RSSI complete event
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
+            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
+#ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.read_rssi_complete));
+            }
+#endif
+            break;
 
-                GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS:
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.security);
-                  break;
-
-                default:
-                  break;
-              }
-              // clang-format on
-              // Dispatch to all registered handlers
-              for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
-                gap_handler->gap_event_handler(gap_event, param);
-              }
+          // Security events
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_AUTH_CMPL_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SEC_REQ_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_NOTIF_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_REQ_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_NC_REQ_EVT:
+            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
+#ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.security));
             }
 #endif
             break;
@@ -559,22 +551,24 @@ void ESP32BLE::gap_event_handler(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t event, esp_ble_gap_cb_pa
     // Queue GAP events that components need to handle
     // Scanning events - used by esp32_ble_tracker
     case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RESULT_EVT:
-    GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
     // Advertising events - used by esp32_ble_beacon and esp32_ble server
-    GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_RAW_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
     // Connection events - used by ble_client
     case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
-      enqueue_ble_event(event, param);
-      return;
-
     // Security events - used by ble_client and bluetooth_proxy
-    // These are rare but interactive (pairing/bonding), so notify immediately
-    GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_AUTH_CMPL_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SEC_REQ_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_NOTIF_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_REQ_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_NC_REQ_EVT:
       enqueue_ble_event(event, param);
-      // Wake up main loop to process security event immediately
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-      App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
       return;
 
     // Ignore these GAP events as they are not relevant for our use case
@@ -594,10 +588,6 @@ void ESP32BLE::gap_event_handler(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t event, esp_ble_gap_cb_pa
 void ESP32BLE::gatts_event_handler(esp_gatts_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gatts_if,
                                    esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t *param) {
   enqueue_ble_event(event, gatts_if, param);
-  // Wake up main loop to process GATT event immediately
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-  App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -605,10 +595,6 @@ void ESP32BLE::gatts_event_handler(esp_gatts_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gat
 void ESP32BLE::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_if,
                                    esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *param) {
   enqueue_ble_event(event, gattc_if, param);
-  // Wake up main loop to process GATT event immediately
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-  App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
 }
 #endif
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.h

@@ -163,11 +163,6 @@ class ESP32BLE : public Component {
   void advertising_init_();
 #endif
 
-  // BLE uses the core wake_loop_threadsafe() mechanism to wake the main event loop
-  // from BLE tasks. This enables low-latency (~12μs) event processing instead of
-  // waiting for select() timeout (0-16ms). The wake socket is shared with other
-  // components that need this functionality.
-
  private:
   template<typename... Args> friend void enqueue_ble_event(Args... args);
 

esphome/components/esp32_camera/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from esphome import automation, pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import i2c
 from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_component
-from esphome.components.psram import DOMAIN as psram_domain
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BRIGHTNESS,
@@ -27,9 +26,10 @@ import esphome.final_validate as fv
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-AUTO_LOAD = ["camera"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32"]
 
+AUTO_LOAD = ["camera", "psram"]
+
 esp32_camera_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esp32_camera")
 ESP32Camera = esp32_camera_ns.class_("ESP32Camera", cg.PollingComponent, cg.EntityBase)
 ESP32CameraImageData = esp32_camera_ns.struct("CameraImageData")
@@ -163,14 +163,6 @@ CONF_ON_IMAGE = "on_image"
 
 camera_range_param = cv.int_range(min=-2, max=2)
 
-
-def validate_fb_location_(value):
-    validator = cv.enum(ENUM_FB_LOCATION, upper=True)
-    if value.lower() == psram_domain:
-        validator = cv.All(validator, cv.requires_component(psram_domain))
-    return validator(value)
-
-
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(
         {
@@ -244,9 +236,9 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 cv.framerate, cv.Range(min=0, max=1)
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_FRAME_BUFFER_COUNT, default=1): cv.int_range(min=1, max=2),
-            cv.Optional(
-                CONF_FRAME_BUFFER_LOCATION, default="PSRAM"
-            ): validate_fb_location_,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_FRAME_BUFFER_LOCATION, default="PSRAM"): cv.enum(
+                ENUM_FB_LOCATION, upper=True
+            ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_STREAM_START): automation.validate_automation(
                 {
                     cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/__init__.py

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-import hashlib
-from typing import Any
-
-import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import esp32, update
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_PATH, CONF_RAW_DATA_ID
-from esphome.core import CORE, HexInt
-
-CODEOWNERS = ["@swoboda1337"]
-AUTO_LOAD = ["sha256", "watchdog"]
-DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32_hosted"]
-
-CONF_SHA256 = "sha256"
-
-esp32_hosted_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esp32_hosted")
-Esp32HostedUpdate = esp32_hosted_ns.class_(
-    "Esp32HostedUpdate", update.UpdateEntity, cg.Component
-)
-
-
-def _validate_sha256(value: Any) -> str:
-    value = cv.string_strict(value)
-    if len(value) != 64:
-        raise cv.Invalid("SHA256 must be 64 hexadecimal characters")
-    try:
-        bytes.fromhex(value)
-    except ValueError as e:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"SHA256 must be valid hexadecimal: {e}") from e
-    return value
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    update.update_schema(Esp32HostedUpdate, device_class="firmware").extend(
-        {
-            cv.GenerateID(CONF_RAW_DATA_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.uint8),
-            cv.Required(CONF_PATH): cv.file_,
-            cv.Required(CONF_SHA256): _validate_sha256,
-        }
-    ),
-    esp32.only_on_variant(
-        supported=[
-            esp32.const.VARIANT_ESP32H2,
-            esp32.const.VARIANT_ESP32P4,
-        ]
-    ),
-)
-
-
-def _validate_firmware(config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-    path = CORE.relative_config_path(config[CONF_PATH])
-    with open(path, "rb") as f:
-        firmware_data = f.read()
-    calculated = hashlib.sha256(firmware_data).hexdigest()
-    expected = config[CONF_SHA256].lower()
-    if calculated != expected:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"SHA256 mismatch for {config[CONF_PATH]}: expected {expected}, got {calculated}"
-        )
-
-
-FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _validate_firmware
-
-
-async def to_code(config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-    var = await update.new_update(config)
-
-    path = config[CONF_PATH]
-    with open(CORE.relative_config_path(path), "rb") as f:
-        firmware_data = f.read()
-    rhs = [HexInt(x) for x in firmware_data]
-    prog_arr = cg.progmem_array(config[CONF_RAW_DATA_ID], rhs)
-
-    sha256_bytes = bytes.fromhex(config[CONF_SHA256])
-    cg.add(var.set_firmware_sha256([HexInt(b) for b in sha256_bytes]))
-    cg.add(var.set_firmware_data(prog_arr))
-    cg.add(var.set_firmware_size(len(firmware_data)))
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/esp32_hosted_update.cpp

@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)
-#include "esp32_hosted_update.h"
-#include "esphome/components/watchdog/watchdog.h"
-#include "esphome/components/sha256/sha256.h"
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include <esp_image_format.h>
-#include <esp_app_desc.h>
-#include <esp_hosted.h>
-
-extern "C" {
-#include <esp_hosted_ota.h>
-}
-
-namespace esphome::esp32_hosted {
-
-static const char *const TAG = "esp32_hosted.update";
-
-// older coprocessor firmware versions have a 1500-byte limit per RPC call
-constexpr size_t CHUNK_SIZE = 1500;
-
-void Esp32HostedUpdate::setup() {
-  this->update_info_.title = "ESP32 Hosted Coprocessor";
-
-  // get coprocessor version
-  esp_hosted_coprocessor_fwver_t ver_info;
-  if (esp_hosted_get_coprocessor_fwversion(&ver_info) == ESP_OK) {
-    this->update_info_.current_version = str_sprintf("%d.%d.%d", ver_info.major1, ver_info.minor1, ver_info.patch1);
-  } else {
-    this->update_info_.current_version = "unknown";
-  }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Coprocessor version: %s", this->update_info_.current_version.c_str());
-
-  // get image version
-  const int app_desc_offset = sizeof(esp_image_header_t) + sizeof(esp_image_segment_header_t);
-  if (this->firmware_size_ >= app_desc_offset + sizeof(esp_app_desc_t)) {
-    esp_app_desc_t *app_desc = (esp_app_desc_t *) (this->firmware_data_ + app_desc_offset);
-    if (app_desc->magic_word == ESP_APP_DESC_MAGIC_WORD) {
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Firmware version: %s", app_desc->version);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Project name: %s", app_desc->project_name);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Build date: %s", app_desc->date);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Build time: %s", app_desc->time);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "IDF version: %s", app_desc->idf_ver);
-      this->update_info_.latest_version = app_desc->version;
-      if (this->update_info_.latest_version != this->update_info_.current_version) {
-        this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_AVAILABLE;
-      } else {
-        this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-      }
-    } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid app description magic word: 0x%08x (expected 0x%08x)", app_desc->magic_word,
-               ESP_APP_DESC_MAGIC_WORD);
-      this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-    }
-  } else {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Firmware too small to contain app description");
-    this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-  }
-
-  // publish state
-  this->status_clear_error();
-  this->publish_state();
-}
-
-void Esp32HostedUpdate::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "ESP32 Hosted Update:\n"
-                "  Current Version: %s\n"
-                "  Latest Version: %s\n"
-                "  Latest Size: %zu bytes",
-                this->update_info_.current_version.c_str(), this->update_info_.latest_version.c_str(),
-                this->firmware_size_);
-}
-
-void Esp32HostedUpdate::perform(bool force) {
-  if (this->state_ != update::UPDATE_STATE_AVAILABLE && !force) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Update not available");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (this->firmware_data_ == nullptr || this->firmware_size_ == 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No firmware data available");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  sha256::SHA256 hasher;
-  hasher.init();
-  hasher.add(this->firmware_data_, this->firmware_size_);
-  hasher.calculate();
-  if (!hasher.equals_bytes(this->firmware_sha256_.data())) {
-    this->status_set_error("SHA256 verification failed");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Starting OTA update (%zu bytes)", this->firmware_size_);
-
-  watchdog::WatchdogManager watchdog(20000);
-  update::UpdateState prev_state = this->state_;
-  this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_INSTALLING;
-  this->update_info_.has_progress = false;
-  this->publish_state();
-
-  esp_err_t err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_begin();  // NOLINT
-  if (err != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to begin OTA: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-    this->state_ = prev_state;
-    this->status_set_error("Failed to begin OTA");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  uint8_t chunk[CHUNK_SIZE];
-  const uint8_t *data_ptr = this->firmware_data_;
-  size_t remaining = this->firmware_size_;
-  while (remaining > 0) {
-    size_t chunk_size = std::min(remaining, static_cast<size_t>(CHUNK_SIZE));
-    memcpy(chunk, data_ptr, chunk_size);
-    err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_write(chunk, chunk_size);  // NOLINT
-    if (err != ESP_OK) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to write OTA data: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-      esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT
-      this->state_ = prev_state;
-      this->status_set_error("Failed to write OTA data");
-      this->publish_state();
-      return;
-    }
-    data_ptr += chunk_size;
-    remaining -= chunk_size;
-    App.feed_wdt();
-  }
-
-  err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT
-  if (err != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to end OTA: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-    this->state_ = prev_state;
-    this->status_set_error("Failed to end OTA");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // activate new firmware
-  err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_activate();  // NOLINT
-  if (err != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to activate OTA: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-    this->state_ = prev_state;
-    this->status_set_error("Failed to activate OTA");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // update state
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "OTA update successful");
-  this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-  this->status_clear_error();
-  this->publish_state();
-
-  // schedule a restart to ensure everything is in sync
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Restarting in 1 second");
-  this->set_timeout(1000, []() { App.safe_reboot(); });
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::esp32_hosted
-#endif

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/esp32_hosted_update.h

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)
-
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/update/update_entity.h"
-#include <array>
-
-namespace esphome::esp32_hosted {
-
-class Esp32HostedUpdate : public update::UpdateEntity, public Component {
- public:
-  void setup() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::AFTER_WIFI; }
-
-  void perform(bool force) override;
-  void check() override {}
-
-  void set_firmware_data(const uint8_t *data) { this->firmware_data_ = data; }
-  void set_firmware_size(size_t size) { this->firmware_size_ = size; }
-  void set_firmware_sha256(const std::array<uint8_t, 32> &sha256) { this->firmware_sha256_ = sha256; }
-
- protected:
-  const uint8_t *firmware_data_{nullptr};
-  size_t firmware_size_{0};
-  std::array<uint8_t, 32> firmware_sha256_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::esp32_hosted
-
-#endif

esphome/components/esphome/ota/ota_esphome.cpp

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::dump_config() {
                 "Over-The-Air updates:\n"
                 "  Address: %s:%u\n"
                 "  Version: %d",
-                network::get_use_address(), this->port_, USE_OTA_VERSION);
+                network::get_use_address().c_str(), this->port_, USE_OTA_VERSION);
 #ifdef USE_OTA_PASSWORD
   if (!this->password_.empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Password configured");
@@ -281,15 +281,19 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
 #endif
 
   // Acknowledge auth OK - 1 byte
-  this->write_byte_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_AUTH_OK);
+  buf[0] = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_AUTH_OK;
+  this->writeall_(buf, 1);
 
   // Read size, 4 bytes MSB first
   if (!this->readall_(buf, 4)) {
     this->log_read_error_(LOG_STR("size"));
     goto error;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-goto)
   }
-  ota_size = (static_cast<size_t>(buf[0]) << 24) | (static_cast<size_t>(buf[1]) << 16) |
-             (static_cast<size_t>(buf[2]) << 8) | buf[3];
+  ota_size = 0;
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+    ota_size <<= 8;
+    ota_size |= buf[i];
+  }
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Size is %u bytes", ota_size);
 
   // Now that we've passed authentication and are actually
@@ -309,7 +313,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
   update_started = true;
 
   // Acknowledge prepare OK - 1 byte
-  this->write_byte_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_UPDATE_PREPARE_OK);
+  buf[0] = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_UPDATE_PREPARE_OK;
+  this->writeall_(buf, 1);
 
   // Read binary MD5, 32 bytes
   if (!this->readall_(buf, 32)) {
@@ -321,7 +326,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
   this->backend_->set_update_md5(sbuf);
 
   // Acknowledge MD5 OK - 1 byte
-  this->write_byte_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_BIN_MD5_OK);
+  buf[0] = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_BIN_MD5_OK;
+  this->writeall_(buf, 1);
 
   while (total < ota_size) {
     // TODO: timeout check
@@ -348,7 +354,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
     total += read;
 #if USE_OTA_VERSION == 2
     while (size_acknowledged + OTA_BLOCK_SIZE <= total || (total == ota_size && size_acknowledged < ota_size)) {
-      this->write_byte_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_CHUNK_OK);
+      buf[0] = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_CHUNK_OK;
+      this->writeall_(buf, 1);
       size_acknowledged += OTA_BLOCK_SIZE;
     }
 #endif
@@ -367,7 +374,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
   }
 
   // Acknowledge receive OK - 1 byte
-  this->write_byte_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_RECEIVE_OK);
+  buf[0] = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_RECEIVE_OK;
+  this->writeall_(buf, 1);
 
   error_code = this->backend_->end();
   if (error_code != ota::OTA_RESPONSE_OK) {
@@ -376,7 +384,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
   }
 
   // Acknowledge Update end OK - 1 byte
-  this->write_byte_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_UPDATE_END_OK);
+  buf[0] = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_UPDATE_END_OK;
+  this->writeall_(buf, 1);
 
   // Read ACK
   if (!this->readall_(buf, 1) || buf[0] != ota::OTA_RESPONSE_OK) {
@@ -395,7 +404,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_data_() {
   App.safe_reboot();
 
 error:
-  this->write_byte_(static_cast<uint8_t>(error_code));
+  buf[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(error_code);
+  this->writeall_(buf, 1);
   this->cleanup_connection_();
 
   if (this->backend_ != nullptr && update_started) {

esphome/components/esphome/ota/ota_esphome.h

@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ class ESPHomeOTAComponent : public ota::OTAComponent {
 #endif  // USE_OTA_PASSWORD
   bool readall_(uint8_t *buf, size_t len);
   bool writeall_(const uint8_t *buf, size_t len);
-  inline bool write_byte_(uint8_t byte) { return this->writeall_(&byte, 1); }
 
   bool try_read_(size_t to_read, const LogString *desc);
   bool try_write_(size_t to_write, const LogString *desc);

esphome/components/espnow/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from esphome import automation, core
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import socket, wifi
+from esphome.components import wifi
 from esphome.components.udp import CONF_ON_RECEIVE
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ from esphome.core import CORE, HexInt
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@jesserockz"]
-AUTO_LOAD = ["socket"]
 
 byte_vector = cg.std_vector.template(cg.uint8)
 peer_address_t = cg.std_ns.class_("array").template(cg.uint8, 6)
@@ -121,10 +120,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     if CORE.using_arduino:
         cg.add_library("WiFi", None)
 
-    # ESP-NOW uses wake_loop_threadsafe() to wake the main loop from ESP-NOW callbacks
-    # This enables low-latency event processing instead of waiting for select() timeout
-    socket.require_wake_loop_threadsafe()
-
     cg.add_define("USE_ESPNOW")
     if wifi_channel := config.get(CONF_CHANNEL):
         cg.add(var.set_wifi_channel(wifi_channel))

esphome/components/espnow/espnow_component.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 #include "espnow_err.h"
 
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
@@ -98,11 +97,6 @@ void on_send_report(const uint8_t *mac_addr, esp_now_send_status_t status)
   // Push the packet to the queue
   global_esp_now->receive_packet_queue_.push(packet);
   // Push always because we're the only producer and the pool ensures we never exceed queue size
-
-  // Wake main loop immediately to process ESP-NOW send event instead of waiting for select() timeout
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-  App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
 }
 
 void on_data_received(const esp_now_recv_info_t *info, const uint8_t *data, int size) {
@@ -120,11 +114,6 @@ void on_data_received(const esp_now_recv_info_t *info, const uint8_t *data, int
   // Push the packet to the queue
   global_esp_now->receive_packet_queue_.push(packet);
   // Push always because we're the only producer and the pool ensures we never exceed queue size
-
-  // Wake main loop immediately to process ESP-NOW receive event instead of waiting for select() timeout
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-  App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
 }
 
 ESPNowComponent::ESPNowComponent() { global_esp_now = this; }

esphome/components/ethernet/ethernet_component.cpp

@@ -691,9 +691,9 @@ void EthernetComponent::set_manual_ip(const ManualIP &manual_ip) { this->manual_
 
 // set_use_address() is guaranteed to be called during component setup by Python code generation,
 // so use_address_ will always be valid when get_use_address() is called - no fallback needed.
-const char *EthernetComponent::get_use_address() const { return this->use_address_; }
+const std::string &EthernetComponent::get_use_address() const { return this->use_address_; }
 
-void EthernetComponent::set_use_address(const char *use_address) { this->use_address_ = use_address; }
+void EthernetComponent::set_use_address(const std::string &use_address) { this->use_address_ = use_address; }
 
 void EthernetComponent::get_eth_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac) {
   esp_err_t err;

esphome/components/ethernet/ethernet_component.h

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ class EthernetComponent : public Component {
 
   network::IPAddresses get_ip_addresses();
   network::IPAddress get_dns_address(uint8_t num);
-  const char *get_use_address() const;
-  void set_use_address(const char *use_address);
+  const std::string &get_use_address() const;
+  void set_use_address(const std::string &use_address);
   void get_eth_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac);
   std::string get_eth_mac_address_pretty();
   eth_duplex_t get_duplex_mode();
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ class EthernetComponent : public Component {
   /// @brief Set arbitratry PHY registers from config.
   void write_phy_register_(esp_eth_mac_t *mac, PHYRegister register_data);
 
+  std::string use_address_;
 #ifdef USE_ETHERNET_SPI
   uint8_t clk_pin_;
   uint8_t miso_pin_;
@@ -157,11 +158,6 @@ class EthernetComponent : public Component {
   esp_eth_handle_t eth_handle_;
   esp_eth_phy_t *phy_{nullptr};
   optional<std::array<uint8_t, 6>> fixed_mac_;
-
- private:
-  // Stores a pointer to a string literal (static storage duration).
-  // ONLY set from Python-generated code with string literals - never dynamic strings.
-  const char *use_address_{""};
 };
 
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)

esphome/components/event/__init__.py

@@ -85,6 +85,11 @@ def event_schema(
     return _EVENT_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+EVENT_SCHEMA = event_schema()
+EVENT_SCHEMA.add_extra(cv.deprecated_schema_constant("event"))
+
+
 async def setup_event_core_(var, config, *, event_types: list[str]):
     await setup_entity(var, config, "event")
 

esphome/components/fan/__init__.py

@@ -189,6 +189,10 @@ def fan_schema(
     return _FAN_SCHEMA.extend(schema)
 
 
+# Remove before 2025.11.0
+FAN_SCHEMA = fan_schema(Fan)
+FAN_SCHEMA.add_extra(cv.deprecated_schema_constant("fan"))
+
 _PRESET_MODES_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.ensure_list(cv.string_strict),
     cv.Length(min=1),

esphome/components/fan/automation.h

@@ -212,19 +212,18 @@ class FanPresetSetTrigger : public Trigger<std::string> {
  public:
   FanPresetSetTrigger(Fan *state) {
     state->add_on_state_callback([this, state]() {
-      const auto *preset_mode = state->get_preset_mode();
+      auto preset_mode = state->preset_mode;
       auto should_trigger = preset_mode != this->last_preset_mode_;
       this->last_preset_mode_ = preset_mode;
       if (should_trigger) {
-        // Trigger with empty string when nullptr to maintain backward compatibility
-        this->trigger(preset_mode != nullptr ? preset_mode : "");
+        this->trigger(preset_mode);
       }
     });
-    this->last_preset_mode_ = state->get_preset_mode();
+    this->last_preset_mode_ = state->preset_mode;
   }
 
  protected:
-  const char *last_preset_mode_{nullptr};
+  std::string last_preset_mode_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace fan

esphome/components/fan/fan.cpp

@@ -17,27 +17,6 @@ const LogString *fan_direction_to_string(FanDirection direction) {
   }
 }
 
-FanCall &FanCall::set_preset_mode(const std::string &preset_mode) { return this->set_preset_mode(preset_mode.c_str()); }
-
-FanCall &FanCall::set_preset_mode(const char *preset_mode) {
-  if (preset_mode == nullptr || strlen(preset_mode) == 0) {
-    this->preset_mode_ = nullptr;
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  // Find and validate pointer from traits immediately
-  auto traits = this->parent_.get_traits();
-  const char *validated_mode = traits.find_preset_mode(preset_mode);
-  if (validated_mode != nullptr) {
-    this->preset_mode_ = validated_mode;  // Store pointer from traits
-  } else {
-    // Preset mode not found in traits - log warning and don't set
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Preset mode '%s' not supported", this->parent_.get_name().c_str(), preset_mode);
-    this->preset_mode_ = nullptr;
-  }
-  return *this;
-}
-
 void FanCall::perform() {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s' - Setting:", this->parent_.get_name().c_str());
   this->validate_();
@@ -53,8 +32,8 @@ void FanCall::perform() {
   if (this->direction_.has_value()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Direction: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(fan_direction_to_string(*this->direction_)));
   }
-  if (this->has_preset_mode()) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset Mode: %s", this->preset_mode_);
+  if (!this->preset_mode_.empty()) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset Mode: %s", this->preset_mode_.c_str());
   }
   this->parent_.control(*this);
 }
@@ -67,15 +46,30 @@ void FanCall::validate_() {
 
     // https://developers.home-assistant.io/docs/core/entity/fan/#preset-modes
     // "Manually setting a speed must disable any set preset mode"
-    this->preset_mode_ = nullptr;
+    this->preset_mode_.clear();
+  }
+
+  if (!this->preset_mode_.empty()) {
+    const auto &preset_modes = traits.supported_preset_modes();
+    bool found = false;
+    for (const auto &mode : preset_modes) {
+      if (mode == this->preset_mode_) {
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s: Preset mode '%s' not supported", this->parent_.get_name().c_str(), this->preset_mode_.c_str());
+      this->preset_mode_.clear();
+    }
   }
 
   // when turning on...
   if (!this->parent_.state && this->binary_state_.has_value() &&
       *this->binary_state_
       // ..,and no preset mode will be active...
-      && !this->has_preset_mode() &&
-      this->parent_.get_preset_mode() == nullptr
+      && this->preset_mode_.empty() &&
+      this->parent_.preset_mode.empty()
       // ...and neither current nor new speed is available...
       && traits.supports_speed() && this->parent_.speed == 0 && !this->speed_.has_value()) {
     // ...set speed to 100%
@@ -105,12 +99,11 @@ FanCall FanRestoreState::to_call(Fan &fan) {
   call.set_speed(this->speed);
   call.set_direction(this->direction);
 
-  auto traits = fan.get_traits();
-  if (traits.supports_preset_modes()) {
+  if (fan.get_traits().supports_preset_modes()) {
     // Use stored preset index to get preset name
-    const auto &preset_modes = traits.supported_preset_modes();
+    const auto &preset_modes = fan.get_traits().supported_preset_modes();
     if (this->preset_mode < preset_modes.size()) {
-      call.set_preset_mode(preset_modes[this->preset_mode]);
+      call.set_preset_mode(*std::next(preset_modes.begin(), this->preset_mode));
     }
   }
   return call;
@@ -121,15 +114,13 @@ void FanRestoreState::apply(Fan &fan) {
   fan.speed = this->speed;
   fan.direction = this->direction;
 
-  auto traits = fan.get_traits();
-  if (traits.supports_preset_modes()) {
-    // Use stored preset index to get preset name from traits
-    const auto &preset_modes = traits.supported_preset_modes();
+  if (fan.get_traits().supports_preset_modes()) {
+    // Use stored preset index to get preset name
+    const auto &preset_modes = fan.get_traits().supported_preset_modes();
     if (this->preset_mode < preset_modes.size()) {
-      fan.set_preset_mode_(preset_modes[this->preset_mode]);
+      fan.preset_mode = *std::next(preset_modes.begin(), this->preset_mode);
     }
   }
-
   fan.publish_state();
 }
 
@@ -138,29 +129,6 @@ FanCall Fan::turn_off() { return this->make_call().set_state(false); }
 FanCall Fan::toggle() { return this->make_call().set_state(!this->state); }
 FanCall Fan::make_call() { return FanCall(*this); }
 
-const char *Fan::find_preset_mode_(const char *preset_mode) { return this->get_traits().find_preset_mode(preset_mode); }
-
-bool Fan::set_preset_mode_(const char *preset_mode) {
-  if (preset_mode == nullptr) {
-    // Treat nullptr as clearing the preset mode
-    if (this->preset_mode_ == nullptr) {
-      return false;  // No change
-    }
-    this->clear_preset_mode_();
-    return true;
-  }
-  const char *validated = this->find_preset_mode_(preset_mode);
-  if (validated == nullptr || this->preset_mode_ == validated) {
-    return false;  // Preset mode not supported or no change
-  }
-  this->preset_mode_ = validated;
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool Fan::set_preset_mode_(const std::string &preset_mode) { return this->set_preset_mode_(preset_mode.c_str()); }
-
-void Fan::clear_preset_mode_() { this->preset_mode_ = nullptr; }
-
 void Fan::add_on_state_callback(std::function<void()> &&callback) { this->state_callback_.add(std::move(callback)); }
 void Fan::publish_state() {
   auto traits = this->get_traits();
@@ -176,9 +144,8 @@ void Fan::publish_state() {
   if (traits.supports_direction()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Direction: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(fan_direction_to_string(this->direction)));
   }
-  const char *preset = this->get_preset_mode();
-  if (preset != nullptr) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset Mode: %s", preset);
+  if (traits.supports_preset_modes() && !this->preset_mode.empty()) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset Mode: %s", this->preset_mode.c_str());
   }
   this->state_callback_.call();
   this->save_state_();
@@ -222,23 +189,22 @@ void Fan::save_state_() {
     return;
   }
 
-  auto traits = this->get_traits();
-
   FanRestoreState state{};
   state.state = this->state;
   state.oscillating = this->oscillating;
   state.speed = this->speed;
   state.direction = this->direction;
 
-  const char *preset = this->get_preset_mode();
-  if (traits.supports_preset_modes() && preset != nullptr) {
-    const auto &preset_modes = traits.supported_preset_modes();
-    // Find index of current preset mode (pointer comparison is safe since preset is from traits)
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < preset_modes.size(); i++) {
-      if (preset_modes[i] == preset) {
+  if (this->get_traits().supports_preset_modes() && !this->preset_mode.empty()) {
+    const auto &preset_modes = this->get_traits().supported_preset_modes();
+    // Store index of current preset mode
+    size_t i = 0;
+    for (const auto &mode : preset_modes) {
+      if (mode == this->preset_mode) {
         state.preset_mode = i;
         break;
       }
+      i++;
     }
   }
 
@@ -262,8 +228,8 @@ void Fan::dump_traits_(const char *tag, const char *prefix) {
   }
   if (traits.supports_preset_modes()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s  Supported presets:", prefix);
-    for (const char *s : traits.supported_preset_modes())
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s    - %s", prefix, s);
+    for (const std::string &s : traits.supported_preset_modes())
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "%s    - %s", prefix, s.c_str());
   }
 }
 

esphome/components/fan/fan.h

@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ class FanCall {
     this->speed_ = speed;
     return *this;
   }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("set_speed() with string argument is deprecated, use integer argument instead.", "2021.9")
+  FanCall &set_speed(const char *legacy_speed);
   optional<int> get_speed() const { return this->speed_; }
   FanCall &set_direction(FanDirection direction) {
     this->direction_ = direction;
@@ -70,10 +72,11 @@ class FanCall {
     return *this;
   }
   optional<FanDirection> get_direction() const { return this->direction_; }
-  FanCall &set_preset_mode(const std::string &preset_mode);
-  FanCall &set_preset_mode(const char *preset_mode);
-  const char *get_preset_mode() const { return this->preset_mode_; }
-  bool has_preset_mode() const { return this->preset_mode_ != nullptr; }
+  FanCall &set_preset_mode(const std::string &preset_mode) {
+    this->preset_mode_ = preset_mode;
+    return *this;
+  }
+  std::string get_preset_mode() const { return this->preset_mode_; }
 
   void perform();
 
@@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ class FanCall {
   optional<bool> oscillating_;
   optional<int> speed_;
   optional<FanDirection> direction_{};
-  const char *preset_mode_{nullptr};  // Pointer to string in traits (after validation)
+  std::string preset_mode_{};
 };
 
 struct FanRestoreState {
@@ -111,6 +114,8 @@ class Fan : public EntityBase {
   int speed{0};
   /// The current direction of the fan
   FanDirection direction{FanDirection::FORWARD};
+  // The current preset mode of the fan
+  std::string preset_mode{};
 
   FanCall turn_on();
   FanCall turn_off();
@@ -127,15 +132,8 @@ class Fan : public EntityBase {
   /// Set the restore mode of this fan.
   void set_restore_mode(FanRestoreMode restore_mode) { this->restore_mode_ = restore_mode; }
 
-  /// Get the current preset mode (returns pointer to string stored in traits, or nullptr if not set)
-  const char *get_preset_mode() const { return this->preset_mode_; }
-
-  /// Check if a preset mode is currently active
-  bool has_preset_mode() const { return this->preset_mode_ != nullptr; }
-
  protected:
   friend FanCall;
-  friend struct FanRestoreState;
 
   virtual void control(const FanCall &call) = 0;
 
@@ -144,21 +142,9 @@ class Fan : public EntityBase {
 
   void dump_traits_(const char *tag, const char *prefix);
 
-  /// Set the preset mode (finds and stores pointer from traits). Returns true if changed.
-  bool set_preset_mode_(const char *preset_mode);
-  /// Set the preset mode (finds and stores pointer from traits). Returns true if changed.
-  bool set_preset_mode_(const std::string &preset_mode);
-  /// Clear the preset mode
-  void clear_preset_mode_();
-  /// Find and return the matching preset mode pointer from traits, or nullptr if not found.
-  const char *find_preset_mode_(const char *preset_mode);
-
   CallbackManager<void()> state_callback_{};
   ESPPreferenceObject rtc_;
   FanRestoreMode restore_mode_;
-
- private:
-  const char *preset_mode_{nullptr};
 };
 
 }  // namespace fan

esphome/components/fan/fan_traits.h

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
-#include <initializer_list>
 
 namespace esphome {
 
+#ifdef USE_API
+namespace api {
+class APIConnection;
+}  // namespace api
+#endif
+
 namespace fan {
 
 class FanTraits {
@@ -31,38 +35,27 @@ class FanTraits {
   /// Set whether this fan supports changing direction
   void set_direction(bool direction) { this->direction_ = direction; }
   /// Return the preset modes supported by the fan.
-  const std::vector<const char *> &supported_preset_modes() const { return this->preset_modes_; }
-  /// Set the preset modes supported by the fan (from initializer list).
-  void set_supported_preset_modes(std::initializer_list<const char *> preset_modes) {
-    this->preset_modes_ = preset_modes;
-  }
-  /// Set the preset modes supported by the fan (from vector).
-  void set_supported_preset_modes(const std::vector<const char *> &preset_modes) { this->preset_modes_ = preset_modes; }
-
-  // Deleted overloads to catch incorrect std::string usage at compile time with clear error messages
-  void set_supported_preset_modes(const std::vector<std::string> &preset_modes) = delete;
-  void set_supported_preset_modes(std::initializer_list<std::string> preset_modes) = delete;
-
+  const std::vector<std::string> &supported_preset_modes() const { return this->preset_modes_; }
+  /// Set the preset modes supported by the fan.
+  void set_supported_preset_modes(const std::vector<std::string> &preset_modes) { this->preset_modes_ = preset_modes; }
   /// Return if preset modes are supported
   bool supports_preset_modes() const { return !this->preset_modes_.empty(); }
-  /// Find and return the matching preset mode pointer from supported modes, or nullptr if not found.
-  const char *find_preset_mode(const char *preset_mode) const {
-    if (preset_mode == nullptr)
-      return nullptr;
-    for (const char *mode : this->preset_modes_) {
-      if (strcmp(mode, preset_mode) == 0) {
-        return mode;  // Return pointer from traits
-      }
-    }
-    return nullptr;
-  }
 
  protected:
+#ifdef USE_API
+  // The API connection is a friend class to access internal methods
+  friend class api::APIConnection;
+  // This method returns a reference to the internal preset modes.
+  // It is used by the API to avoid copying data when encoding messages.
+  // Warning: Do not use this method outside of the API connection code.
+  // It returns a reference to internal data that can be invalidated.
+  const std::vector<std::string> &supported_preset_modes_for_api_() const { return this->preset_modes_; }
+#endif
   bool oscillation_{false};
   bool speed_{false};
   bool direction_{false};
   int speed_count_{};
-  std::vector<const char *> preset_modes_{};
+  std::vector<std::string> preset_modes_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace fan

esphome/components/gpio/binary_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
             # due to hardware limitations or lack of reliable interrupt support. This ensures
             # stable operation on these platforms. Future maintainers should verify platform
             # capabilities before changing this default behavior.
-            # nrf52 has no gpio interrupts implemented yet
             cv.SplitDefault(
                 CONF_USE_INTERRUPT,
                 bk72xx=False,
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
                 esp8266=True,
                 host=True,
                 ln882x=False,
-                nrf52=False,
+                nrf52=True,
                 rp2040=True,
                 rtl87xx=False,
             ): cv.boolean,
@@ -95,8 +94,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         )
         use_interrupt = False
 
+    cg.add(var.set_use_interrupt(use_interrupt))
     if use_interrupt:
         cg.add(var.set_interrupt_type(config[CONF_INTERRUPT_TYPE]))
-    else:
-        # Only generate call when disabling interrupts (default is true)
-        cg.add(var.set_use_interrupt(use_interrupt))

esphome/components/hbridge/fan/hbridge_fan.cpp

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ void HBridgeFan::control(const fan::FanCall &call) {
     this->oscillating = *call.get_oscillating();
   if (call.get_direction().has_value())
     this->direction = *call.get_direction();
-  this->set_preset_mode_(call.get_preset_mode());
+  this->preset_mode = call.get_preset_mode();
 
   this->write_state_();
   this->publish_state();

esphome/components/hbridge/fan/hbridge_fan.h

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <set>
+
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/components/output/binary_output.h"
 #include "esphome/components/output/float_output.h"
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ class HBridgeFan : public Component, public fan::Fan {
   void set_pin_a(output::FloatOutput *pin_a) { pin_a_ = pin_a; }
   void set_pin_b(output::FloatOutput *pin_b) { pin_b_ = pin_b; }
   void set_enable_pin(output::FloatOutput *enable) { enable_ = enable; }
-  void set_preset_modes(std::initializer_list<const char *> presets) { preset_modes_ = presets; }
+  void set_preset_modes(const std::vector<std::string> &presets) { preset_modes_ = presets; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ class HBridgeFan : public Component, public fan::Fan {
   int speed_count_{};
   DecayMode decay_mode_{DECAY_MODE_SLOW};
   fan::FanTraits traits_;
-  std::vector<const char *> preset_modes_{};
+  std::vector<std::string> preset_modes_{};
 
   void control(const fan::FanCall &call) override;
   void write_state_();

esphome/components/http_request/__init__.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ON_ERROR,
     CONF_ON_RESPONSE,
     CONF_TIMEOUT,
+    CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
     CONF_URL,
     CONF_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT,
     PLATFORM_HOST,
@@ -215,8 +216,16 @@ HTTP_REQUEST_ACTION_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
             f"{CONF_VERIFY_SSL} has moved to the base component configuration."
         ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE, default=False): cv.boolean,
-        cv.Optional(CONF_ON_RESPONSE): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
-        cv.Optional(CONF_ON_ERROR): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_ON_RESPONSE): automation.validate_automation(
+            {cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(HttpRequestResponseTrigger)}
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_ON_ERROR): automation.validate_automation(
+            {
+                cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
+                    automation.Trigger.template()
+                )
+            }
+        ),
         cv.Optional(CONF_MAX_RESPONSE_BUFFER_SIZE, default="1kB"): cv.validate_bytes,
     }
 )
@@ -271,12 +280,7 @@ async def http_request_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
     template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_URL], args, cg.std_string)
     cg.add(var.set_url(template_))
     cg.add(var.set_method(config[CONF_METHOD]))
-
-    capture_response = config[CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE]
-    if capture_response:
-        cg.add(var.set_capture_response(capture_response))
-        cg.add_define("USE_HTTP_REQUEST_RESPONSE")
-
+    cg.add(var.set_capture_response(config[CONF_CAPTURE_RESPONSE]))
     cg.add(var.set_max_response_buffer_size(config[CONF_MAX_RESPONSE_BUFFER_SIZE]))
 
     if CONF_BODY in config:
@@ -299,26 +303,21 @@ async def http_request_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
     for value in config.get(CONF_COLLECT_HEADERS, []):
         cg.add(var.add_collect_header(value))
 
-    if response_conf := config.get(CONF_ON_RESPONSE):
-        if capture_response:
-            await automation.build_automation(
-                var.get_success_trigger_with_response(),
-                [
-                    (cg.std_shared_ptr.template(HttpContainer), "response"),
-                    (cg.std_string_ref, "body"),
-                    *args,
-                ],
-                response_conf,
-            )
-        else:
-            await automation.build_automation(
-                var.get_success_trigger(),
-                [(cg.std_shared_ptr.template(HttpContainer), "response"), *args],
-                response_conf,
-            )
-
-    if error_conf := config.get(CONF_ON_ERROR):
-        await automation.build_automation(var.get_error_trigger(), args, error_conf)
+    for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_RESPONSE, []):
+        trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID])
+        cg.add(var.register_response_trigger(trigger))
+        await automation.build_automation(
+            trigger,
+            [
+                (cg.std_shared_ptr.template(HttpContainer), "response"),
+                (cg.std_string_ref, "body"),
+            ],
+            conf,
+        )
+    for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_ERROR, []):
+        trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID])
+        cg.add(var.register_error_trigger(trigger))
+        await automation.build_automation(trigger, [], conf)
 
     return var
 

esphome/components/http_request/http_request.h

@@ -183,9 +183,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, url)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(const char *, method)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, body)
-#ifdef USE_HTTP_REQUEST_RESPONSE
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, capture_response)
-#endif
 
   void add_request_header(const char *key, TemplatableValue<const char *, Ts...> value) {
     this->request_headers_.insert({key, value});
@@ -197,14 +195,9 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   void set_json(std::function<void(Ts..., JsonObject)> json_func) { this->json_func_ = json_func; }
 
-#ifdef USE_HTTP_REQUEST_RESPONSE
-  Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, std::string &, Ts...> *get_success_trigger_with_response() const {
-    return this->success_trigger_with_response_;
-  }
-#endif
-  Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, Ts...> *get_success_trigger() const { return this->success_trigger_; }
+  void register_response_trigger(HttpRequestResponseTrigger *trigger) { this->response_triggers_.push_back(trigger); }
 
-  Trigger<Ts...> *get_error_trigger() const { return this->error_trigger_; }
+  void register_error_trigger(Trigger<> *trigger) { this->error_triggers_.push_back(trigger); }
 
   void set_max_response_buffer_size(size_t max_response_buffer_size) {
     this->max_response_buffer_size_ = max_response_buffer_size;
@@ -235,20 +228,17 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
     auto container = this->parent_->start(this->url_.value(x...), this->method_.value(x...), body, request_headers,
                                           this->collect_headers_);
 
-    auto captured_args = std::make_tuple(x...);
-
     if (container == nullptr) {
-      std::apply([this](Ts... captured_args_inner) { this->error_trigger_->trigger(captured_args_inner...); },
-                 captured_args);
+      for (auto *trigger : this->error_triggers_)
+        trigger->trigger();
       return;
     }
 
     size_t content_length = container->content_length;
     size_t max_length = std::min(content_length, this->max_response_buffer_size_);
 
-#ifdef USE_HTTP_REQUEST_RESPONSE
+    std::string response_body;
     if (this->capture_response_.value(x...)) {
-      std::string response_body;
       RAMAllocator<uint8_t> allocator;
       uint8_t *buf = allocator.allocate(max_length);
       if (buf != nullptr) {
@@ -263,17 +253,19 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
         response_body.assign((char *) buf, read_index);
         allocator.deallocate(buf, max_length);
       }
-      std::apply(
-          [this, &container, &response_body](Ts... captured_args_inner) {
-            this->success_trigger_with_response_->trigger(container, response_body, captured_args_inner...);
-          },
-          captured_args);
-    } else
-#endif
-    {
-      std::apply([this, &container](
-                     Ts... captured_args_inner) { this->success_trigger_->trigger(container, captured_args_inner...); },
-                 captured_args);
+    }
+
+    if (this->response_triggers_.size() == 1) {
+      // if there is only one trigger, no need to copy the response body
+      this->response_triggers_[0]->process(container, response_body);
+    } else {
+      for (auto *trigger : this->response_triggers_) {
+        // with multiple triggers, pass a copy of the response body to each
+        // one so that modifications made in one trigger are not visible to
+        // the others
+        auto response_body_copy = std::string(response_body);
+        trigger->process(container, response_body_copy);
+      }
     }
     container->end();
   }
@@ -291,13 +283,8 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HttpRequestSendAction : public Action<Ts...> {
   std::set<std::string> collect_headers_{"content-type", "content-length"};
   std::map<const char *, TemplatableValue<std::string, Ts...>> json_{};
   std::function<void(Ts..., JsonObject)> json_func_{nullptr};
-#ifdef USE_HTTP_REQUEST_RESPONSE
-  Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, std::string &, Ts...> *success_trigger_with_response_ =
-      new Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, std::string &, Ts...>();
-#endif
-  Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, Ts...> *success_trigger_ =
-      new Trigger<std::shared_ptr<HttpContainer>, Ts...>();
-  Trigger<Ts...> *error_trigger_ = new Trigger<Ts...>();
+  std::vector<HttpRequestResponseTrigger *> response_triggers_{};
+  std::vector<Trigger<> *> error_triggers_{};
 
   size_t max_response_buffer_size_{SIZE_MAX};
 };

esphome/components/i2c/__init__.py

@@ -2,18 +2,11 @@ import logging
 
 from esphome import pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components.zephyr import (
-    zephyr_add_overlay,
-    zephyr_add_prj_conf,
-    zephyr_data,
-)
-from esphome.components.zephyr.const import KEY_BOARD
 from esphome.config_helpers import filter_source_files_from_platform
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ADDRESS,
     CONF_FREQUENCY,
-    CONF_I2C,
     CONF_I2C_ID,
     CONF_ID,
     CONF_SCAN,
@@ -22,12 +15,10 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TIMEOUT,
     PLATFORM_ESP32,
     PLATFORM_ESP8266,
-    PLATFORM_NRF52,
     PLATFORM_RP2040,
     PlatformFramework,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, coroutine_with_priority
-from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
 
 LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -37,7 +28,6 @@ I2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("I2CBus")
 InternalI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("InternalI2CBus", I2CBus)
 ArduinoI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("ArduinoI2CBus", InternalI2CBus, cg.Component)
 IDFI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("IDFI2CBus", InternalI2CBus, cg.Component)
-ZephyrI2CBus = i2c_ns.class_("ZephyrI2CBus", I2CBus, cg.Component)
 I2CDevice = i2c_ns.class_("I2CDevice")
 
 
@@ -51,8 +41,6 @@ def _bus_declare_type(value):
         return cv.declare_id(ArduinoI2CBus)(value)
     if CORE.using_esp_idf:
         return cv.declare_id(IDFI2CBus)(value)
-    if CORE.using_zephyr:
-        return cv.declare_id(ZephyrI2CBus)(value)
     raise NotImplementedError
 
 
@@ -74,70 +62,23 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             cv.SplitDefault(CONF_SCL_PULLUP_ENABLED, esp32_idf=True): cv.All(
                 cv.only_with_esp_idf, cv.boolean
             ),
-            cv.SplitDefault(
-                CONF_FREQUENCY,
-                esp32="50kHz",
-                esp8266="50kHz",
-                rp2040="50kHz",
-                nrf52="100kHz",
-            ): cv.All(
-                cv.frequency,
-                cv.Range(min=0, min_included=False),
-            ),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_TIMEOUT): cv.All(
-                cv.only_with_framework(["arduino", "esp-idf"]),
-                cv.positive_time_period,
+            cv.Optional(CONF_FREQUENCY, default="50kHz"): cv.All(
+                cv.frequency, cv.Range(min=0, min_included=False)
             ),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_TIMEOUT): cv.positive_time_period,
             cv.Optional(CONF_SCAN, default=True): cv.boolean,
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
-    cv.only_on([PLATFORM_ESP32, PLATFORM_ESP8266, PLATFORM_RP2040, PLATFORM_NRF52]),
+    cv.only_on([PLATFORM_ESP32, PLATFORM_ESP8266, PLATFORM_RP2040]),
     validate_config,
 )
 
 
-def _final_validate(config):
-    full_config = fv.full_config.get()[CONF_I2C]
-    if CORE.using_zephyr and len(full_config) > 1:
-        raise cv.Invalid("Second i2c is not implemented on Zephyr yet")
-
-
-FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate
-
-
 @coroutine_with_priority(CoroPriority.BUS)
 async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_global(i2c_ns.using)
     cg.add_define("USE_I2C")
-    if CORE.using_zephyr:
-        zephyr_add_prj_conf("I2C", True)
-        i2c = "i2c0"
-        if zephyr_data()[KEY_BOARD] in ["xiao_ble"]:
-            i2c = "i2c1"
-        zephyr_add_overlay(
-            f"""
-                &pinctrl {{
-                    {i2c}_default: {i2c}_default {{
-                        group1 {{
-                            psels = <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SDA, {config[CONF_SDA] // 32}, {config[CONF_SDA] % 32})>,
-                                <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SCL, {config[CONF_SCL] // 32}, {config[CONF_SCL] % 32})>;
-                        }};
-                    }};
-                    {i2c}_sleep: {i2c}_sleep {{
-                        group1 {{
-                            psels = <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SDA, {config[CONF_SDA] // 32}, {config[CONF_SDA] % 32})>,
-                                <NRF_PSEL(TWIM_SCL, {config[CONF_SCL] // 32}, {config[CONF_SCL] % 32})>;
-                            low-power-enable;
-                        }};
-                    }};
-                }};
-            """
-        )
-        var = cg.new_Pvariable(
-            config[CONF_ID], MockObj(f"DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_NODELABEL({i2c}))")
-        )
-    else:
-        var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 
     cg.add(var.set_sda_pin(config[CONF_SDA]))
@@ -256,6 +197,5 @@ FILTER_SOURCE_FILES = filter_source_files_from_platform(
             PlatformFramework.LN882X_ARDUINO,
         },
         "i2c_bus_esp_idf.cpp": {PlatformFramework.ESP32_IDF},
-        "i2c_bus_zephyr.cpp": {PlatformFramework.NRF52_ZEPHYR},
     }
 )

esphome/components/i2c/i2c.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "i2c.h"
 
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include <memory>
 
@@ -24,8 +23,6 @@ void I2CBus::i2c_scan_() {
     } else if (err == ERROR_UNKNOWN) {
       scan_results_.emplace_back(address, false);
     }
-    // it takes 16sec to scan on nrf52. It prevents board reset.
-    arch_feed_wdt();
   }
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) && defined(USE_LOGGER)
   esp_log_level_set("*", previous);

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_zephyr.cpp

@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef USE_ZEPHYR
-
-#include "i2c_bus_zephyr.h"
-#include <zephyr/drivers/i2c.h>
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-
-namespace esphome::i2c {
-
-static const char *const TAG = "i2c.zephyr";
-
-void ZephyrI2CBus::setup() {
-  if (!device_is_ready(this->i2c_dev_)) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "I2C dev is not ready.");
-    mark_failed();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  int ret = i2c_configure(this->i2c_dev_, this->dev_config_);
-  if (ret < 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "I2C: Failed to configure device");
-  }
-
-  this->recovery_result_ = i2c_recover_bus(this->i2c_dev_);
-  if (this->recovery_result_ != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "I2C recover bus failed, err %d", this->recovery_result_);
-  }
-  if (this->scan_) {
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Scanning I2C bus for active devices...");
-    this->i2c_scan_();
-  }
-}
-
-void ZephyrI2CBus::dump_config() {
-  auto get_speed = [](uint32_t dev_config) {
-    switch (I2C_SPEED_GET(dev_config)) {
-      case I2C_SPEED_STANDARD:
-        return "100 kHz";
-      case I2C_SPEED_FAST:
-        return "400 kHz";
-      case I2C_SPEED_FAST_PLUS:
-        return "1 MHz";
-      case I2C_SPEED_HIGH:
-        return "3.4 MHz";
-      case I2C_SPEED_ULTRA:
-        return "5 MHz";
-    }
-    return "unknown";
-  };
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "I2C Bus:\n"
-                "  SDA Pin: GPIO%u\n"
-                "  SCL Pin: GPIO%u\n"
-                "  Frequency: %s\n"
-                "  Name: %s",
-                this->sda_pin_, this->scl_pin_, get_speed(this->dev_config_), this->i2c_dev_->name);
-
-  if (this->recovery_result_ != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Recovery: failed, err %d", this->recovery_result_);
-  } else {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Recovery: bus successfully recovered");
-  }
-  if (this->scan_) {
-    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Results from I2C bus scan:");
-    if (scan_results_.empty()) {
-      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Found no I2C devices!");
-    } else {
-      for (const auto &s : scan_results_) {
-        if (s.second) {
-          ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Found I2C device at address 0x%02X", s.first);
-        } else {
-          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unknown error at address 0x%02X", s.first);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-ErrorCode ZephyrI2CBus::write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffer, size_t write_count,
-                                    uint8_t *read_buffer, size_t read_count) {
-  if (!device_is_ready(this->i2c_dev_)) {
-    return ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
-  }
-
-  i2c_msg msgs[2]{};
-  size_t cnt = 0;
-  uint8_t dst = 0x00;  // dummy data to not use random value
-
-  if (read_count == 0 && write_count == 0) {
-    msgs[cnt].buf = &dst;
-    msgs[cnt].len = 0U;
-    msgs[cnt++].flags = I2C_MSG_WRITE;
-  } else {
-    if (write_count) {
-      // the same struct is used for read/write — const cast is fine; data isn't modified
-      msgs[cnt].buf = const_cast<uint8_t *>(write_buffer);
-      msgs[cnt].len = write_count;
-      msgs[cnt++].flags = I2C_MSG_WRITE;
-    }
-    if (read_count) {
-      msgs[cnt].buf = const_cast<uint8_t *>(read_buffer);
-      msgs[cnt].len = read_count;
-      msgs[cnt++].flags = I2C_MSG_READ | I2C_MSG_RESTART;
-    }
-  }
-
-  msgs[cnt - 1].flags |= I2C_MSG_STOP;
-
-  auto err = i2c_transfer(this->i2c_dev_, msgs, cnt, address);
-
-  if (err == -EIO) {
-    return ERROR_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED;
-  }
-
-  if (err != 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "i2c transfer error %d", err);
-    return ERROR_UNKNOWN;
-  }
-
-  return ERROR_OK;
-}
-
-void ZephyrI2CBus::set_frequency(uint32_t frequency) {
-  this->dev_config_ &= ~I2C_SPEED_MASK;
-  if (frequency >= 400000) {
-    this->dev_config_ |= I2C_SPEED_SET(I2C_SPEED_FAST);
-  } else {
-    this->dev_config_ |= I2C_SPEED_SET(I2C_SPEED_STANDARD);
-  }
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::i2c
-
-#endif

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_zephyr.h

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#ifdef USE_ZEPHYR
-
-#include "i2c_bus.h"
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-
-struct device;
-
-namespace esphome::i2c {
-
-class ZephyrI2CBus : public InternalI2CBus, public Component {
- public:
-  explicit ZephyrI2CBus(const device *i2c_dev) : i2c_dev_(i2c_dev) {}
-  void setup() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-  ErrorCode write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffer, size_t write_count, uint8_t *read_buffer,
-                        size_t read_count) override;
-  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::BUS; }
-
-  void set_scan(bool scan) { scan_ = scan; }
-  void set_sda_pin(uint8_t sda_pin) { this->sda_pin_ = sda_pin; }
-  void set_scl_pin(uint8_t scl_pin) { this->scl_pin_ = scl_pin; }
-  void set_frequency(uint32_t frequency);
-
-  int get_port() const override { return 0; }
-
- protected:
-  const device *i2c_dev_;
-  int recovery_result_ = 0;
-  uint8_t sda_pin_{};
-  uint8_t scl_pin_{};
-  uint32_t dev_config_{};
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::i2c
-
-#endif

esphome/components/image/__init__.py

@@ -671,33 +671,18 @@ async def write_image(config, all_frames=False):
     resize = config.get(CONF_RESIZE)
     if is_svg_file(path):
         # Local import so use of non-SVG files needn't require cairosvg installed
-        from pyexpat import ExpatError
-        from xml.etree.ElementTree import ParseError
-
         from cairosvg import svg2png
-        from cairosvg.helpers import PointError
 
         if not resize:
             resize = (None, None)
-        try:
-            with open(path, "rb") as file:
-                image = svg2png(
-                    file_obj=file,
-                    output_width=resize[0],
-                    output_height=resize[1],
-                )
-            image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image))
-            width, height = image.size
-        except (
-            ValueError,
-            ParseError,
-            IndexError,
-            ExpatError,
-            AttributeError,
-            TypeError,
-            PointError,
-        ) as e:
-            raise core.EsphomeError(f"Could not load SVG image {path}: {e}") from e
+        with open(path, "rb") as file:
+            image = svg2png(
+                file_obj=file,
+                output_width=resize[0],
+                output_height=resize[1],
+            )
+        image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(image))
+        width, height = image.size
     else:
         image = Image.open(path)
         width, height = image.size

esphome/components/image/image.cpp

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ lv_img_dsc_t *Image::get_lv_img_dsc() {
 
       case IMAGE_TYPE_RGB:
 #if LV_COLOR_DEPTH == 32
-        switch (this->transparency_) {
+        switch (this->transparent_) {
           case TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL:
             this->dsc_.header.cf = LV_IMG_CF_TRUE_COLOR_ALPHA;
             break;
@@ -156,8 +156,7 @@ lv_img_dsc_t *Image::get_lv_img_dsc() {
             break;
         }
 #else
-        this->dsc_.header.cf =
-            this->transparency_ == TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL ? LV_IMG_CF_RGB565A8 : LV_IMG_CF_RGB565;
+        this->dsc_.header.cf = this->transparent_ == TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL ? LV_IMG_CF_RGB565A8 : LV_IMG_CF_RGB565;
 #endif
         break;
     }

esphome/components/inkplate/display.py

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ import esphome.final_validate as fv
 
 from .const import INKPLATE_10_CUSTOM_WAVEFORMS, WAVEFORMS
 
-DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c", "esp32", "psram"]
+DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c", "esp32"]
+AUTO_LOAD = ["psram"]
 
 CONF_DISPLAY_DATA_0_PIN = "display_data_0_pin"
 CONF_DISPLAY_DATA_1_PIN = "display_data_1_pin"

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp

@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ constexpr Uint8ToString OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_UINT[] = {
 };
 
 // Helper functions for lookups
-template<size_t N> uint8_t find_uint8(const StringToUint8 (&arr)[N], const char *str) {
+template<size_t N> uint8_t find_uint8(const StringToUint8 (&arr)[N], const std::string &str) {
   for (const auto &entry : arr) {
-    if (strcmp(str, entry.str) == 0)
+    if (str == entry.str)
       return entry.value;
   }
   return 0xFF;  // Not found
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ bool LD2410Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Baud rate change");
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
       if (this->baud_rate_select_ != nullptr) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Change baud rate to %s and reinstall", this->baud_rate_select_->current_option());
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Change baud rate to %s and reinstall", this->baud_rate_select_->state.c_str());
       }
 #endif
       break;
@@ -626,14 +626,14 @@ void LD2410Component::set_bluetooth(bool enable) {
   this->set_timeout(200, [this]() { this->restart_and_read_all_info(); });
 }
 
-void LD2410Component::set_distance_resolution(const char *state) {
+void LD2410Component::set_distance_resolution(const std::string &state) {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
   const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {find_uint8(DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS_BY_STR, state), 0x00};
   this->send_command_(CMD_SET_DISTANCE_RESOLUTION, cmd_value, sizeof(cmd_value));
   this->set_timeout(200, [this]() { this->restart_and_read_all_info(); });
 }
 
-void LD2410Component::set_baud_rate(const char *state) {
+void LD2410Component::set_baud_rate(const std::string &state) {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
   const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {find_uint8(BAUD_RATES_BY_STR, state), 0x00};
   this->send_command_(CMD_SET_BAUD_RATE, cmd_value, sizeof(cmd_value));
@@ -759,10 +759,10 @@ void LD2410Component::set_light_out_control() {
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
   if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr && this->light_function_select_->has_state()) {
-    this->light_function_ = find_uint8(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_STR, this->light_function_select_->current_option());
+    this->light_function_ = find_uint8(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_STR, this->light_function_select_->state);
   }
   if (this->out_pin_level_select_ != nullptr && this->out_pin_level_select_->has_state()) {
-    this->out_pin_level_ = find_uint8(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_STR, this->out_pin_level_select_->current_option());
+    this->out_pin_level_ = find_uint8(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_STR, this->out_pin_level_select_->state);
   }
 #endif
   this->set_config_mode_(true);

esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h

@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ class LD2410Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void read_all_info();
   void restart_and_read_all_info();
   void set_bluetooth(bool enable);
-  void set_distance_resolution(const char *state);
-  void set_baud_rate(const char *state);
+  void set_distance_resolution(const std::string &state);
+  void set_baud_rate(const std::string &state);
   void factory_reset();
 
  protected:

esphome/components/ld2410/select/baud_rate_select.cpp

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2410 {
 
-void BaudRateSelect::control(size_t index) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
-  this->parent_->set_baud_rate(this->option_at(index));
+void BaudRateSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_baud_rate(state);
 }
 
 }  // namespace ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/select/baud_rate_select.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class BaudRateSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<LD2410Component> {
   BaudRateSelect() = default;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/select/distance_resolution_select.cpp

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2410 {
 
-void DistanceResolutionSelect::control(size_t index) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
-  this->parent_->set_distance_resolution(this->option_at(index));
+void DistanceResolutionSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_distance_resolution(state);
 }
 
 }  // namespace ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/select/distance_resolution_select.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class DistanceResolutionSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<LD2410Co
   DistanceResolutionSelect() = default;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ld2410

esphome/components/ld2410/select/light_out_control_select.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2410 {
 
-void LightOutControlSelect::control(size_t index) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
+void LightOutControlSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
   this->parent_->set_light_out_control();
 }
 

esphome/components/ld2410/select/light_out_control_select.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class LightOutControlSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<LD2410Compo
   LightOutControlSelect() = default;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ld2410

esphome/components/ld2412/ld2412.cpp

@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ constexpr Uint8ToString OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_UINT[] = {
 };
 
 // Helper functions for lookups
-template<size_t N> uint8_t find_uint8(const StringToUint8 (&arr)[N], const char *str) {
+template<size_t N> uint8_t find_uint8(const StringToUint8 (&arr)[N], const std::string &str) {
   for (const auto &entry : arr) {
-    if (strcmp(str, entry.str) == 0) {
+    if (str == entry.str) {
       return entry.value;
     }
   }
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ bool LD2412Component::handle_ack_data_() {
       ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Baud rate change");
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
       if (this->baud_rate_select_ != nullptr) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Change baud rate to %s and reinstall", this->baud_rate_select_->current_option());
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Change baud rate to %s and reinstall", this->baud_rate_select_->state.c_str());
       }
 #endif
       break;
@@ -699,14 +699,14 @@ void LD2412Component::set_bluetooth(bool enable) {
   this->set_timeout(200, [this]() { this->restart_and_read_all_info(); });
 }
 
-void LD2412Component::set_distance_resolution(const char *state) {
+void LD2412Component::set_distance_resolution(const std::string &state) {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
   const uint8_t cmd_value[6] = {find_uint8(DISTANCE_RESOLUTIONS_BY_STR, state), 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
   this->send_command_(CMD_SET_DISTANCE_RESOLUTION, cmd_value, sizeof(cmd_value));
   this->set_timeout(200, [this]() { this->restart_and_read_all_info(); });
 }
 
-void LD2412Component::set_baud_rate(const char *state) {
+void LD2412Component::set_baud_rate(const std::string &state) {
   this->set_config_mode_(true);
   const uint8_t cmd_value[2] = {find_uint8(BAUD_RATES_BY_STR, state), 0x00};
   this->send_command_(CMD_SET_BAUD_RATE, cmd_value, sizeof(cmd_value));
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ void LD2412Component::set_basic_config() {
       1,    TOTAL_GATES, DEFAULT_PRESENCE_TIMEOUT, 0,
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-      find_uint8(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_STR, this->out_pin_level_select_->current_option()),
+      find_uint8(OUT_PIN_LEVELS_BY_STR, this->out_pin_level_select_->state),
 #else
       0x01,  // Default value if not using select
 #endif
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ void LD2412Component::set_light_out_control() {
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
   if (this->light_function_select_ != nullptr && this->light_function_select_->has_state()) {
-    this->light_function_ = find_uint8(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_STR, this->light_function_select_->current_option());
+    this->light_function_ = find_uint8(LIGHT_FUNCTIONS_BY_STR, this->light_function_select_->state);
   }
 #endif
   uint8_t value[2] = {this->light_function_, this->light_threshold_};

esphome/components/ld2412/ld2412.h

@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ class LD2412Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   void read_all_info();
   void restart_and_read_all_info();
   void set_bluetooth(bool enable);
-  void set_distance_resolution(const char *state);
-  void set_baud_rate(const char *state);
+  void set_distance_resolution(const std::string &state);
+  void set_baud_rate(const std::string &state);
   void factory_reset();
   void start_dynamic_background_correction();
 

esphome/components/ld2412/select/baud_rate_select.cpp

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2412 {
 
-void BaudRateSelect::control(size_t index) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
-  this->parent_->set_baud_rate(this->option_at(index));
+void BaudRateSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_baud_rate(state);
 }
 
 }  // namespace ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/select/baud_rate_select.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class BaudRateSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<LD2412Component> {
   BaudRateSelect() = default;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/select/distance_resolution_select.cpp

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2412 {
 
-void DistanceResolutionSelect::control(size_t index) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
-  this->parent_->set_distance_resolution(this->option_at(index));
+void DistanceResolutionSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
+  this->parent_->set_distance_resolution(state);
 }
 
 }  // namespace ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/select/distance_resolution_select.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class DistanceResolutionSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<LD2412Co
   DistanceResolutionSelect() = default;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ld2412

esphome/components/ld2412/select/light_out_control_select.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2412 {
 
-void LightOutControlSelect::control(size_t index) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
+void LightOutControlSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
+  this->publish_state(value);
   this->parent_->set_light_out_control();
 }
 

esphome/components/ld2412/select/light_out_control_select.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class LightOutControlSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<LD2412Compo
   LightOutControlSelect() = default;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ld2412