workloads: add lmbench

Add a workload for lat_mem_rd and bw_mem tests of LMbench benchmark, a suite of
portable ANSI/C microbenchmarks for UNIX/POSIX.

This is a port of corresponding workload from WA2.

wa/workloads/lmbench/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+#    Copyright 2015-2016 ARM Limited
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+#pylint: disable=E1101,W0201
+
+import os
+
+from wa import Workload, Parameter, Executable
+from wa.utils.types import list_or_integer, list_or_string
+from wa.utils.types import cpu_mask
+
+
+class Lmbench(Workload):
+
+    name = 'lmbench'
+
+    # Define supported tests. Each requires a _setup_{name} routine below
+    test_names = ['lat_mem_rd', 'bw_mem']
+
+    description = """
+    Run a subtest from lmbench, a suite of portable ANSI/C microbenchmarks for
+    UNIX/POSIX.
+    In general, lmbench measures two key features: latency and bandwidth. This
+    workload supports a subset of lmbench tests.  lat_mem_rd can be used to
+    measure latencies to memory (including caches). bw_mem can be used to
+    measure bandwidth to/from memory over a range of operations.
+    Further details, and source code are available from:
+        http://sourceforge.net/projects/lmbench/.
+    See lmbench/bin/README for license details.
+    """
+
+    parameters = [
+        Parameter('test', default='lat_mem_rd', allowed_values=test_names,
+                  description='''
+                  Specifies an lmbench test to run.
+                  '''),
+        Parameter('stride', kind=list_or_integer, default=[128],
+                  description='''
+                  Stride for lat_mem_rd test. Workload will iterate over one or
+                  more integer values.
+                  '''),
+        Parameter('thrash', kind=bool, default=True,
+                  description='Sets -t flag for lat_mem_rd_test'),
+        Parameter('size', kind=list_or_string, default="4m",
+                  description='Data set size for lat_mem_rd bw_mem tests.'),
+        Parameter('mem_category', kind=list_or_string,
+                  default=('rd', 'wr', 'cp', 'frd', 'fwr', 'fcp', 'bzero', 'bcopy'),
+                  description='List of memory catetories for bw_mem test.'),
+        Parameter('parallelism', kind=int, default=None,
+                  description='Parallelism flag for tests that accept it.'),
+        Parameter('warmup', kind=int, default=None,
+                  description='Warmup flag for tests that accept it.'),
+        Parameter('repetitions', kind=int, default=None,
+                  description='Repetitions flag for tests that accept it.'),
+        Parameter('force_abi', kind=str, default=None,
+                  description='''
+                  Override device abi with this value. Can be used to force
+                  arm32 on 64-bit devices.
+                  '''),
+        Parameter('run_timeout', kind=int, default=900,
+                  description="""
+                  Timeout for execution of the test.
+                  """),
+        Parameter('loops', kind=int, default=1, constraint=lambda x: x > 0,
+                  description="""
+                  Specifies the number of times the benchmark will be run in a
+                  "tight loop", i.e. without performaing setup/teardown
+                  inbetween. This parameter is distinct from "repetitions", as
+                  the latter takes place within the benchmark and produces a
+                  single result.
+                  """),
+        Parameter('cpus', kind=cpu_mask, default=0, aliases=['taskset_mask'],
+                  description="""
+                  Specifies the CPU mask the benchmark process will be pinned to.
+                  """),
+    ]
+
+    def setup(self, context):
+
+        abi = self.target.abi
+        if self.force_abi:
+            abi = self.force_abi
+
+        # self.test has been pre-validated, so this _should_ only fail if there's an abi mismatch
+        host_exe = context.resolver.get(Executable(self, abi, self.test))
+        self.target_exe = self.target.install(host_exe)
+        self.commands = []
+
+        setup_test = getattr(self, '_setup_{}'.format(self.test))
+        setup_test()
+
+        for _ in range(self.loops):
+            for command in self.commands:
+                self.target.execute(command, timeout=self.run_timeout)
+
+    def extract_results(self, context):
+        results_path = self.target.get_workpath("lmbench.output")
+        result_file = self.target.list_directory(results_path)[-1]
+        self.result_file = result_file.rstrip()
+        result = self.target.path.join(results_path, result_file)
+        self.target.pull(result, context.output_directory)
+        context.add_artifact('lmbench-result', "lmbench.output", kind='raw')
+
+    def teardown(self, context):
+        self.target.uninstall_executable(self.test)
+
+    #
+    # Test setup routines
+    #
+    def _setup_lat_mem_rd(self):
+        target_file = self.target.get_workpath('lmbench.output')
+        self.target.execute('rm -f {}'.format(target_file))
+
+        command_stub = self._setup_common()
+        if self.thrash:
+            command_stub = '{} -t'.format(command_stub)
+
+        for size in self.size:
+            command = '{} {}'.format(command_stub, size)
+            for stride in self.stride:
+                self.commands.append('{} {} >> {} 2>&1'.format(command, stride, target_file))
+
+    def _setup_bw_mem(self):
+        target_file = self.target.get_workpath('lmbench.output')
+        self.target.execute('rm -f {}'.format(target_file))
+
+        command_stub = self._setup_common()
+
+        for size in self.size:
+            command = '{} {}'.format(command_stub, size)
+            for category in self.mem_category:
+                self.commands.append('{} {} >> {} 2>&1'.format(command, category, target_file))
+
+    def _setup_common(self):
+        parts = []
+        if self.cpus:
+            parts.append('{} taskset {} {}'.format(self.target.busybox,
+                                                       self.cpus.mask(),
+                                                       self.target_exe))
+        else:
+            parts.append(self.target_exe)
+        if self.parallelism is not None:
+            parts.append('-P {}'.format(self.parallelism))
+        if self.warmup is not None:
+            parts.append('-W {}'.format(self.warmup))
+        if self.repetitions is not None:
+            parts.append('-N {}'.format(self.repetitions))
+        return ' '.join(parts) + ' '

wa/workloads/lmbench/bin/COPYING

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+		       Version 2, June 1991
+
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+                          675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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wa/workloads/lmbench/bin/COPYING-2

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+%M% %I% %E%
+
+The set of programs and documentation known as "lmbench" are distributed
+under the Free Software Foundation's General Public License with the
+following additional restrictions (which override any conflicting
+restrictions in the GPL):
+
+1. You may not distribute results in any public forum, in any publication,
+   or in any other way if you have modified the benchmarks.  
+
+2. You may not distribute the results for a fee of any kind.  This includes
+   web sites which generate revenue from advertising.
+
+If you have modifications or enhancements that you wish included in
+future versions, please mail those to me, Larry McVoy, at lm@bitmover.com.
+
+=========================================================================
+
+Rationale for the publication restrictions:
+
+In summary:
+
+    a) LMbench is designed to measure enough of an OS that if you do well in
+       all catagories, you've covered latency and bandwidth in networking,
+       disks, file systems, VM systems, and memory systems.
+    b) Multiple times in the past people have wanted to report partial results.
+       Without exception, they were doing so to show a skewed view of whatever
+       it was they were measuring (for example, one OS fit small processes into
+       segments and used the segment register to switch them, getting good 
+       results, but did not want to report large process context switches 
+       because those didn't look as good).
+    c) We insist that if you formally report LMbench results, you have to
+       report all of them and make the raw results file easily available.
+       Reporting all of them means in that same publication, a pointer
+       does not count.  Formally, in this context, means in a paper,
+       on a web site, etc., but does not mean the exchange of results
+       between OS developers who are tuning a particular subsystem.
+
+We have a lot of history with benchmarking and feel strongly that there
+is little to be gained and a lot to be lost if we allowed the results
+to be published in isolation, without the complete story being told.
+
+There has been a lot of discussion about this, with people not liking this
+restriction, more or less on the freedom principle as far as I can tell.
+We're not swayed by that, our position is that we are doing the right
+thing for the OS community and will stick to our guns on this one.
+
+It would be a different matter if there were 3 other competing
+benchmarking systems out there that did what LMbench does and didn't have
+the same reporting rules.  There aren't and as long as that is the case,
+I see no reason to change my mind and lots of reasons not to do so.  I'm
+sorry if I'm a pain in the ass on this topic, but I'm doing the right
+thing for you and the sooner people realize that the sooner we can get on
+to real work.
+
+Operating system design is a largely an art of balancing tradeoffs.
+In many cases improving one part of the system has negative effects
+on other parts of the system.  The art is choosing which parts to
+optimize and which to not optimize.  Just like in computer architecture,
+you can optimize the common instructions (RISC) or the uncommon
+instructions (CISC), but in either case there is usually a cost to
+pay (in RISC uncommon instructions are more expensive than common
+instructions, and in CISC common instructions are more expensive
+than required).  The art lies in knowing which operations are 
+important and optmizing those while minimizing the impact on the
+rest of the system.  
+
+Since lmbench gives a good overview of many important system features,
+users may see the performance of the system as a whole, and can
+see where tradeoffs may have been made.  This is the driving force
+behind the publication restriction: any idiot can optimize certain
+subsystems while completely destroying overall system performance.
+If said idiot publishes *only* the numbers relating to the optimized
+subsystem, then the costs of the optimization are hidden and readers
+will mistakenly believe that the optimization is a good idea.  By
+including the publication restriction readers would be able to
+detect that the optimization improved the subsystem performance
+while damaging the rest of the system performance and would be able
+to make an informed decision as to the merits of the optimization.
+
+Note that these restrictions only apply to *publications*.  We
+intend and encourage lmbench's use during design, development,
+and tweaking of systems and applications.  If you are tuning the
+linux or BSD TCP stack, then by all means, use the networking
+benchmarks to evaluate the performance effects of various 
+modifications; Swap results with other developers; use the
+networking numbers in isolation.  The restrictions only kick
+in when you go to *publish* the results.  If you sped up the
+TCP stack by a factor of 2 and want to publish a paper with the
+various tweaks or algorithms used to accomplish this goal, then
+you can publish the networking numbers to show the improvement.
+However, the paper *must* also include the rest of the standard
+lmbench numbers to show how your tweaks may (or may not) have
+impacted the rest of the system.  The full set of numbers may
+be included in an appendix, but they *must* be included in the
+paper.
+
+This helps protect the community from adopting flawed technologies
+based on incomplete data.  It also helps protect the community from
+misleading marketing which tries to sell systems based on partial
+(skewed) lmbench performance results.  
+
+We have seen many cases in the past where partial or misleading
+benchmark results have caused great harm to the community, and
+we want to ensure that our benchmark is not used to perpetrate
+further harm and support false or misleading claims.
+
+

wa/workloads/lmbench/bin/README

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+This directory contains a subset of lmbench tests supported by Workload Automation.
+
+The binaries are provided under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Version 2, 
+consistent with lmbench's additional restrictions. 
+Refer to COPYING and COPYING-2 files for details.
+
+The binaries were built from lmbench-3.0-a9 source code, available publically from
+ http://sourceforge.net/projects/lmbench/, specifically
+ http://sourceforge.net/projects/lmbench/files/development/
+
+The binaries provided here are built and statically linked with the stable 
+Linaro GNU 4.9 toolchain from November 2014.
+Source available from: 
+   http://releases.linaro.org/14.11/components/toolchain/gcc-linaro/4.9
+Binaries available from:
+   https://releases.linaro.org/14.11/components/toolchain/binaries/aarch64-linux-gnu
+   https://releases.linaro.org/14.11/components/toolchain/binaries/arm-linux-gnueabihf