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esphome/esphome/components/api/user_services.h
J. Nick Koston bd0705cdc0 [api] Store YAML service names in flash instead of heap
Reduces memory usage for YAML-defined API services by storing service
names and argument names as pointers to string literals in flash instead
of heap-allocated std::string objects.

Implementation:
- Created UserServiceBase<Ts...> for YAML services (const char* storage)
- Created UserServiceDynamic<Ts...> for custom_api_device (std::string storage)
- Updated CustomAPIDeviceService to inherit from UserServiceDynamic
- UserServiceTrigger uses UserServiceBase (YAML-only)

Memory savings per YAML service:
- 0 args: 32 bytes (57% reduction)
- 2 args: 48 bytes (60% reduction)
- 5 args: 96 bytes (63% reduction)

Custom API device services maintain same memory footprint (no regression).

Typical ESPHome device (2-5 services): 100-240 bytes saved
High-service device (10+ services): 400-800 bytes saved
2025-11-05 18:51:17 -06:00

126 lines
4.1 KiB
C++

#pragma once
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include "esphome/core/component.h"
#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
#include "api_pb2.h"
#ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
namespace esphome::api {
class UserServiceDescriptor {
public:
virtual ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() = 0;
virtual bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req) = 0;
bool is_internal() { return false; }
};
template<typename T> T get_execute_arg_value(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg);
template<typename T> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type();
// Base class for YAML-defined services (most common case)
// Stores only pointers to string literals in flash - no heap allocation
template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceBase : public UserServiceDescriptor {
public:
UserServiceBase(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
: name_(name), arg_names_(arg_names) {
this->key_ = fnv1_hash(name);
}
ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
ListEntitiesServicesResponse msg;
msg.set_name(StringRef(this->name_));
msg.key = this->key_;
std::array<enums::ServiceArgType, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_types = {to_service_arg_type<Ts>()...};
msg.args.init(sizeof...(Ts));
for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(Ts); i++) {
auto &arg = msg.args.emplace_back();
arg.type = arg_types[i];
arg.set_name(StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]));
}
return msg;
}
bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req) override {
if (req.key != this->key_)
return false;
if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
return false;
this->execute_(req.args, typename gens<sizeof...(Ts)>::type());
return true;
}
protected:
virtual void execute(Ts... x) = 0;
template<typename ArgsContainer, int... S> void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, seq<S...> type) {
this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
}
// Pointers to string literals in flash - no heap allocation
const char *name_;
std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_names_;
uint32_t key_{0};
};
// Derived class for custom_api_device services (rare case)
// Stores copies of runtime-generated names
template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor {
public:
UserServiceDynamic(const std::string &name, const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
: name_(name), arg_names_(arg_names) {
this->key_ = fnv1_hash(this->name_.c_str());
}
ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
ListEntitiesServicesResponse msg;
msg.set_name(StringRef(this->name_));
msg.key = this->key_;
std::array<enums::ServiceArgType, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_types = {to_service_arg_type<Ts>()...};
msg.args.init(sizeof...(Ts));
for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(Ts); i++) {
auto &arg = msg.args.emplace_back();
arg.type = arg_types[i];
arg.set_name(StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]));
}
return msg;
}
bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req) override {
if (req.key != this->key_)
return false;
if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
return false;
this->execute_(req.args, typename gens<sizeof...(Ts)>::type());
return true;
}
protected:
virtual void execute(Ts... x) = 0;
template<typename ArgsContainer, int... S> void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, seq<S...> type) {
this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
}
// Heap-allocated strings for runtime-generated names
std::string name_;
std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_names_;
uint32_t key_{0};
};
template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceTrigger : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>, public Trigger<Ts...> {
public:
// Constructor for static names (YAML-defined services - used by code generator)
UserServiceTrigger(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
: UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names) {}
protected:
void execute(Ts... x) override { this->trigger(x...); } // NOLINT
};
} // namespace esphome::api
#endif // USE_API_SERVICES