Merge branch 'object_id_no_ram' into no_send_object_id

Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

.clang-tidy.hash

@@ -1 +1 @@
-4268ab0b5150f79ab1c317e8f3834c8bb0b4c8122da4f6b1fd67c49d0f2098c9
+94557f94be073390342833aff12ef8676a8b597db5fa770a5a1232e9425cb48f

CODEOWNERS

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ esphome/components/bmp3xx_spi/* @latonita
 esphome/components/bmp581/* @kahrendt
 esphome/components/bp1658cj/* @Cossid
 esphome/components/bp5758d/* @Cossid
+esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/* @nagyrobi
 esphome/components/button/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/bytebuffer/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/camera/* @bdraco @DT-art1

MANIFEST.in

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 include LICENSE
 include README.md
 include requirements.txt
+recursive-include esphome *.yaml
 recursive-include esphome *.cpp *.h *.tcc *.c
 recursive-include esphome *.py.script
 recursive-include esphome LICENSE.txt

docker/Dockerfile

@@ -11,6 +11,16 @@ FROM base-source-${BUILD_TYPE} AS base
 
 RUN git config --system --add safe.directory "*"
 
+# Install build tools for Python packages that require compilation
+# (e.g., ruamel.yaml.clibz used by ESP-IDF's idf-component-manager)
+RUN if command -v apk > /dev/null; then \
+        apk add --no-cache build-base; \
+    else \
+        apt-get update \
+        && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends build-essential \
+        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
+    fi
+
 ENV PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1
 
 RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -U pip uv==0.6.14

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -780,13 +780,6 @@ def command_vscode(args: ArgsProtocol) -> int | None:
 
 
 def command_compile(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
-    # Set memory analysis options in config
-    if args.analyze_memory:
-        config.setdefault(CONF_ESPHOME, {})["analyze_memory"] = True
-
-    if args.memory_report:
-        config.setdefault(CONF_ESPHOME, {})["memory_report_file"] = args.memory_report
-
     exit_code = write_cpp(config)
     if exit_code != 0:
         return exit_code
@@ -796,7 +789,13 @@ def command_compile(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
     exit_code = compile_program(args, config)
     if exit_code != 0:
         return exit_code
-    _LOGGER.info("Successfully compiled program.")
+    if CORE.is_host:
+        from esphome.platformio_api import get_idedata
+
+        program_path = str(get_idedata(config).firmware_elf_path)
+        _LOGGER.info("Successfully compiled program to path '%s'", program_path)
+    else:
+        _LOGGER.info("Successfully compiled program.")
     return 0
 
 
@@ -846,10 +845,8 @@ def command_run(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int | None:
     if CORE.is_host:
         from esphome.platformio_api import get_idedata
 
-        idedata = get_idedata(config)
-        if idedata is None:
-            return 1
-        program_path = idedata.raw["prog_path"]
+        program_path = str(get_idedata(config).firmware_elf_path)
+        _LOGGER.info("Running program from path '%s'", program_path)
         return run_external_process(program_path)
 
     # Get devices, resolving special identifiers like OTA
@@ -1266,17 +1263,6 @@ def parse_args(argv):
         help="Only generate source code, do not compile.",
         action="store_true",
     )
-    parser_compile.add_argument(
-        "--analyze-memory",
-        help="Analyze and display memory usage by component after compilation.",
-        action="store_true",
-    )
-    parser_compile.add_argument(
-        "--memory-report",
-        help="Save memory analysis report to a file (supports .json or .txt).",
-        type=str,
-        metavar="FILE",
-    )
 
     parser_upload = subparsers.add_parser(
         "upload",

esphome/analyze_memory/cli.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 """CLI interface for memory analysis with report generation."""
 
 from collections import defaultdict
-import json
 import sys
 
 from . import (
@@ -298,28 +297,6 @@ class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
 
         return "\n".join(lines)
 
-    def to_json(self) -> str:
-        """Export analysis results as JSON."""
-        data = {
-            "components": {
-                name: {
-                    "text": mem.text_size,
-                    "rodata": mem.rodata_size,
-                    "data": mem.data_size,
-                    "bss": mem.bss_size,
-                    "flash_total": mem.flash_total,
-                    "ram_total": mem.ram_total,
-                    "symbol_count": mem.symbol_count,
-                }
-                for name, mem in self.components.items()
-            },
-            "totals": {
-                "flash": sum(c.flash_total for c in self.components.values()),
-                "ram": sum(c.ram_total for c in self.components.values()),
-            },
-        }
-        return json.dumps(data, indent=2)
-
     def dump_uncategorized_symbols(self, output_file: str | None = None) -> None:
         """Dump uncategorized symbols for analysis."""
         # Sort by size descending

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.cpp

@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "alarm_control_panel";
 
@@ -115,5 +114,4 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::disarm(optional<std::string> code) {
   call.perform();
 }
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.h

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <map>
-
 #include "alarm_control_panel_call.h"
 #include "alarm_control_panel_state.h"
 
@@ -9,8 +7,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/entity_base.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 enum AlarmControlPanelFeature : uint8_t {
   // Matches Home Assistant values
@@ -141,5 +138,4 @@ class AlarmControlPanel : public EntityBase {
   LazyCallbackManager<void()> ready_callback_{};
 };
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.cpp

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "alarm_control_panel";
 
@@ -99,5 +98,4 @@ void AlarmControlPanelCall::perform() {
   }
 }
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_call.h

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 class AlarmControlPanel;
 
@@ -36,5 +35,4 @@ class AlarmControlPanelCall {
   void validate_();
 };
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_state.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "alarm_control_panel_state.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 const LogString *alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(AlarmControlPanelState state) {
   switch (state) {
@@ -30,5 +29,4 @@ const LogString *alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(AlarmControlPanelState stat
   }
 }
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel_state.h

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 enum AlarmControlPanelState : uint8_t {
   ACP_STATE_DISARMED = 0,
@@ -25,5 +24,4 @@ enum AlarmControlPanelState : uint8_t {
  */
 const LogString *alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(AlarmControlPanelState state);
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/automation.h

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "alarm_control_panel.h"
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace alarm_control_panel {
+namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel {
 
 /// Trigger on any state change
 class StateTrigger : public Trigger<> {
@@ -165,5 +164,4 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AlarmControlPanelCondition : public Condition<Ts.
   AlarmControlPanel *parent_;
 };
 
-}  // namespace alarm_control_panel
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::alarm_control_panel

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ message HelloRequest {
   // For example "Home Assistant"
   // Not strictly necessary to send but nice for debugging
   // purposes.
-  string client_info = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string client_info = 1;
   uint32 api_version_major = 2;
   uint32 api_version_minor = 3;
 }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ message AuthenticationRequest {
   option (ifdef) = "USE_API_PASSWORD";
 
   // The password to log in with
-  string password = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string password = 1;
 }
 
 // Confirmation of successful connection. After this the connection is available for all traffic.
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ message FanCommandRequest {
   bool has_speed_level = 10;
   int32 speed_level = 11;
   bool has_preset_mode = 12;
-  string preset_mode = 13 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string preset_mode = 13;
   uint32 device_id = 14 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ message LightCommandRequest {
   bool has_flash_length = 16;
   uint32 flash_length = 17;
   bool has_effect = 18;
-  string effect = 19 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string effect = 19;
   uint32 device_id = 28 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 
@@ -824,9 +824,9 @@ message HomeAssistantStateResponse {
   option (no_delay) = true;
   option (ifdef) = "USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES";
 
-  string entity_id = 1 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
-  string state = 2 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
-  string attribute = 3 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string entity_id = 1;
+  string state = 2;
+  string attribute = 3;
 }
 
 // ==================== IMPORT TIME ====================
@@ -841,7 +841,7 @@ message GetTimeResponse {
   option (no_delay) = true;
 
   fixed32 epoch_seconds = 1;
-  string timezone = 2 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string timezone = 2;
 }
 
 // ==================== USER-DEFINES SERVICES ====================
@@ -1091,11 +1091,11 @@ message ClimateCommandRequest {
   bool has_swing_mode = 14;
   ClimateSwingMode swing_mode = 15;
   bool has_custom_fan_mode = 16;
-  string custom_fan_mode = 17 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string custom_fan_mode = 17;
   bool has_preset = 18;
   ClimatePreset preset = 19;
   bool has_custom_preset = 20;
-  string custom_preset = 21 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string custom_preset = 21;
   bool has_target_humidity = 22;
   float target_humidity = 23;
   uint32 device_id = 24 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
@@ -1274,7 +1274,7 @@ message SelectCommandRequest {
   option (base_class) = "CommandProtoMessage";
 
   fixed32 key = 1;
-  string state = 2 [(pointer_to_buffer) = true];
+  string state = 2;
   uint32 device_id = 3 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -131,10 +131,8 @@ void APIConnection::start() {
     this->fatal_error_with_log_(LOG_STR("Helper init failed"), err);
     return;
   }
-  // Initialize client name with peername (IP address) until Hello message provides actual name
-  char peername[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN];
-  this->helper_->getpeername_to(peername);
-  this->client_info_.name = peername;
+  this->client_info_.peername = helper_->getpeername();
+  this->client_info_.name = this->client_info_.peername;
 }
 
 APIConnection::~APIConnection() {
@@ -254,7 +252,8 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
     // Disconnect if not responded within 2.5*keepalive
     if (now - this->last_traffic_ > KEEPALIVE_DISCONNECT_TIMEOUT) {
       on_fatal_error();
-      this->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_WARN, LOG_STR("is unresponsive; disconnecting"));
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s (%s) is unresponsive; disconnecting", this->client_info_.name.c_str(),
+               this->client_info_.peername.c_str());
     }
   } else if (now - this->last_traffic_ > KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS && !this->flags_.remove) {
     // Only send ping if we're not disconnecting
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ bool APIConnection::send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
   // remote initiated disconnect_client
   // don't close yet, we still need to send the disconnect response
   // close will happen on next loop
-  this->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, LOG_STR("disconnected"));
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s (%s) disconnected", this->client_info_.name.c_str(), this->client_info_.peername.c_str());
   this->flags_.next_close = true;
   DisconnectResponse resp;
   return this->send_message(resp, DisconnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
@@ -474,7 +473,7 @@ void APIConnection::fan_command(const FanCommandRequest &msg) {
   if (msg.has_direction)
     call.set_direction(static_cast<fan::FanDirection>(msg.direction));
   if (msg.has_preset_mode)
-    call.set_preset_mode(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.preset_mode), msg.preset_mode_len);
+    call.set_preset_mode(msg.preset_mode.c_str(), msg.preset_mode.size());
   call.perform();
 }
 #endif
@@ -560,7 +559,7 @@ void APIConnection::light_command(const LightCommandRequest &msg) {
   if (msg.has_flash_length)
     call.set_flash_length(msg.flash_length);
   if (msg.has_effect)
-    call.set_effect(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.effect), msg.effect_len);
+    call.set_effect(msg.effect.c_str(), msg.effect.size());
   call.perform();
 }
 #endif
@@ -739,11 +738,11 @@ void APIConnection::climate_command(const ClimateCommandRequest &msg) {
   if (msg.has_fan_mode)
     call.set_fan_mode(static_cast<climate::ClimateFanMode>(msg.fan_mode));
   if (msg.has_custom_fan_mode)
-    call.set_fan_mode(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.custom_fan_mode), msg.custom_fan_mode_len);
+    call.set_fan_mode(msg.custom_fan_mode.c_str(), msg.custom_fan_mode.size());
   if (msg.has_preset)
     call.set_preset(static_cast<climate::ClimatePreset>(msg.preset));
   if (msg.has_custom_preset)
-    call.set_preset(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.custom_preset), msg.custom_preset_len);
+    call.set_preset(msg.custom_preset.c_str(), msg.custom_preset.size());
   if (msg.has_swing_mode)
     call.set_swing_mode(static_cast<climate::ClimateSwingMode>(msg.swing_mode));
   call.perform();
@@ -932,7 +931,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_select_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
 }
 void APIConnection::select_command(const SelectCommandRequest &msg) {
   ENTITY_COMMAND_MAKE_CALL(select::Select, select, select)
-  call.set_option(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.state), msg.state_len);
+  call.set_option(msg.state.c_str(), msg.state.size());
   call.perform();
 }
 #endif
@@ -1154,9 +1153,8 @@ void APIConnection::on_get_time_response(const GetTimeResponse &value) {
   if (homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time != nullptr) {
     homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time->set_epoch_time(value.epoch_seconds);
 #ifdef USE_TIME_TIMEZONE
-    if (value.timezone_len > 0) {
-      homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time->set_timezone(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.timezone),
-                                                             value.timezone_len);
+    if (!value.timezone.empty()) {
+      homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time->set_timezone(value.timezone.c_str(), value.timezone.size());
     }
 #endif
   }
@@ -1506,10 +1504,9 @@ void APIConnection::complete_authentication_() {
   }
 
   this->flags_.connection_state = static_cast<uint8_t>(ConnectionState::AUTHENTICATED);
-  this->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, LOG_STR("connected"));
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s (%s) connected", this->client_info_.name.c_str(), this->client_info_.peername.c_str());
 #ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_CONNECTED_TRIGGER
-  // Trigger expects std::string, get fresh peername from socket
-  this->parent_->get_client_connected_trigger()->trigger(this->client_info_.name, this->helper_->getpeername());
+  this->parent_->get_client_connected_trigger()->trigger(this->client_info_.name, this->client_info_.peername);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_HOMEASSISTANT_TIME
   if (homeassistant::global_homeassistant_time != nullptr) {
@@ -1524,17 +1521,16 @@ void APIConnection::complete_authentication_() {
 }
 
 bool APIConnection::send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) {
-  this->client_info_.name.assign(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.client_info), msg.client_info_len);
+  this->client_info_.name.assign(msg.client_info.c_str(), msg.client_info.size());
+  this->client_info_.peername = this->helper_->getpeername();
   this->client_api_version_major_ = msg.api_version_major;
   this->client_api_version_minor_ = msg.api_version_minor;
-  char peername[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN];
-  this->helper_->getpeername_to(peername);
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Hello from client: '%s' | %s | API Version %" PRIu32 ".%" PRIu32, this->client_info_.name.c_str(),
-           peername, this->client_api_version_major_, this->client_api_version_minor_);
+           this->client_info_.peername.c_str(), this->client_api_version_major_, this->client_api_version_minor_);
 
   HelloResponse resp;
   resp.api_version_major = 1;
-  resp.api_version_minor = 13;
+  resp.api_version_minor = 14;
   // Send only the version string - the client only logs this for debugging and doesn't use it otherwise
   resp.set_server_info(ESPHOME_VERSION_REF);
   resp.set_name(StringRef(App.get_name()));
@@ -1553,7 +1549,7 @@ bool APIConnection::send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) {
 bool APIConnection::send_authenticate_response(const AuthenticationRequest &msg) {
   AuthenticationResponse resp;
   // bool invalid_password = 1;
-  resp.invalid_password = !this->parent_->check_password(msg.password, msg.password_len);
+  resp.invalid_password = !this->parent_->check_password(msg.password.byte(), msg.password.size());
   if (!resp.invalid_password) {
     this->complete_authentication_();
   }
@@ -1696,27 +1692,28 @@ bool APIConnection::send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
 void APIConnection::on_home_assistant_state_response(const HomeAssistantStateResponse &msg) {
   // Skip if entity_id is empty (invalid message)
-  if (msg.entity_id_len == 0) {
+  if (msg.entity_id.empty()) {
     return;
   }
 
   for (auto &it : this->parent_->get_state_subs()) {
     // Compare entity_id: check length matches and content matches
     size_t entity_id_len = strlen(it.entity_id);
-    if (entity_id_len != msg.entity_id_len || memcmp(it.entity_id, msg.entity_id, msg.entity_id_len) != 0) {
+    if (entity_id_len != msg.entity_id.size() ||
+        memcmp(it.entity_id, msg.entity_id.c_str(), msg.entity_id.size()) != 0) {
       continue;
     }
 
     // Compare attribute: either both have matching attribute, or both have none
     size_t sub_attr_len = it.attribute != nullptr ? strlen(it.attribute) : 0;
-    if (sub_attr_len != msg.attribute_len ||
-        (sub_attr_len > 0 && memcmp(it.attribute, msg.attribute, sub_attr_len) != 0)) {
+    if (sub_attr_len != msg.attribute.size() ||
+        (sub_attr_len > 0 && memcmp(it.attribute, msg.attribute.c_str(), sub_attr_len) != 0)) {
       continue;
     }
 
     // Create temporary string for callback (callback takes const std::string &)
-    // Handle empty state (nullptr with len=0)
-    std::string state(msg.state_len > 0 ? reinterpret_cast<const char *>(msg.state) : "", msg.state_len);
+    // Handle empty state
+    std::string state(!msg.state.empty() ? msg.state.c_str() : "", msg.state.size());
     it.callback(state);
   }
 }
@@ -1851,12 +1848,12 @@ bool APIConnection::send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) {
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
 void APIConnection::on_unauthenticated_access() {
   this->on_fatal_error();
-  this->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, LOG_STR("no authentication"));
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s (%s) no authentication", this->client_info_.name.c_str(), this->client_info_.peername.c_str());
 }
 #endif
 void APIConnection::on_no_setup_connection() {
   this->on_fatal_error();
-  this->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, LOG_STR("no connection setup"));
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s (%s) no connection setup", this->client_info_.name.c_str(), this->client_info_.peername.c_str());
 }
 void APIConnection::on_fatal_error() {
   this->helper_->close();
@@ -2104,18 +2101,9 @@ void APIConnection::process_state_subscriptions_() {
 }
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
 
-void APIConnection::log_client_(int level, const LogString *message) {
-  char peername[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN];
-  this->helper_->getpeername_to(peername);
-  esp_log_printf_(level, TAG, __LINE__, ESPHOME_LOG_FORMAT("%s (%s): %s"), this->client_info_.name.c_str(), peername,
-                  LOG_STR_ARG(message));
-}
-
 void APIConnection::log_warning_(const LogString *message, APIError err) {
-  char peername[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN];
-  this->helper_->getpeername_to(peername);
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s (%s): %s %s errno=%d", this->client_info_.name.c_str(), peername, LOG_STR_ARG(message),
-           LOG_STR_ARG(api_error_to_logstr(err)), errno);
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s (%s): %s %s errno=%d", this->client_info_.name.c_str(), this->client_info_.peername.c_str(),
+           LOG_STR_ARG(message), LOG_STR_ARG(api_error_to_logstr(err)), errno);
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/api_connection.h

@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 // Client information structure
 struct ClientInfo {
-  std::string name;  // Client name from Hello message
-  // Note: peername (IP address) is not stored here to save memory.
-  // Use helper_->getpeername_to() or helper_->getpeername() when needed.
+  std::string name;      // Client name from Hello message
+  std::string peername;  // IP:port from socket
 };
 
 // Keepalive timeout in milliseconds
 static constexpr uint32_t KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_MS = 60000;
 // Maximum number of entities to process in a single batch during initial state/info sending
-// This was increased from 20 to 24 after removing the unique_id field from entity info messages,
-// which reduced message sizes allowing more entities per batch without exceeding packet limits
-static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH = 24;
+// API 1.14+ clients compute object_id client-side, so messages are smaller and we can fit more per batch
+// TODO: Remove MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH_LEGACY before 2026.7.0 - all clients should support API 1.14 by then
+static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH_LEGACY = 24;  // For clients < API 1.14 (includes object_id)
+static constexpr size_t MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH = 34;         // For clients >= API 1.14 (no object_id)
 // Maximum number of packets to process in a single batch (platform-dependent)
 // This limit exists to prevent stack overflow from the PacketInfo array in process_batch_
 // Each PacketInfo is 8 bytes, so 64 * 8 = 512 bytes, 32 * 8 = 256 bytes
@@ -291,12 +291,7 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   bool send_buffer(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, uint8_t message_type) override;
 
   const std::string &get_name() const { return this->client_info_.name; }
-  /// Get peer name (IP address) into a stack buffer - avoids heap allocation
-  size_t get_peername_to(std::span<char, socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN> buf) const {
-    return this->helper_->getpeername_to(buf);
-  }
-  /// Get peer name as std::string - use sparingly, allocates on heap
-  std::string get_peername() const { return this->helper_->getpeername(); }
+  const std::string &get_peername() const { return this->client_info_.peername; }
 
  protected:
   // Helper function to handle authentication completion
@@ -329,10 +324,16 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
                                               APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single) {
     // Set common fields that are shared by all entity types
     msg.key = entity->get_object_id_hash();
-    // Get object_id with zero heap allocation
-    // Static case returns direct reference, dynamic case uses buffer
+
+    // API 1.14+ clients compute object_id client-side from the entity name
+    // For older clients, we must send object_id for backward compatibility
+    // See: https://github.com/esphome/backlog/issues/76
+    // TODO: Remove this backward compat code before 2026.7.0 - all clients should support API 1.14 by then
+    // Buffer must remain in scope until encode_message_to_buffer is called
     char object_id_buf[OBJECT_ID_MAX_LEN];
-    msg.set_object_id(entity->get_object_id_to(object_id_buf));
+    if (!conn->client_supports_api_version(1, 14)) {
+      msg.set_object_id(entity->get_object_id_to(object_id_buf));
+    }
 
     if (entity->has_own_name()) {
       msg.set_name(entity->get_name());
@@ -355,16 +356,24 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
   inline bool check_voice_assistant_api_connection_() const;
 #endif
 
+  // Get the max batch size based on client API version
+  // API 1.14+ clients don't receive object_id, so messages are smaller and more fit per batch
+  // TODO: Remove this method before 2026.7.0 and use MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH directly
+  size_t get_max_batch_size_() const {
+    return this->client_supports_api_version(1, 14) ? MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH : MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH_LEGACY;
+  }
+
   // Helper method to process multiple entities from an iterator in a batch
   template<typename Iterator> void process_iterator_batch_(Iterator &iterator) {
     size_t initial_size = this->deferred_batch_.size();
-    while (!iterator.completed() && (this->deferred_batch_.size() - initial_size) < MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH) {
+    size_t max_batch = this->get_max_batch_size_();
+    while (!iterator.completed() && (this->deferred_batch_.size() - initial_size) < max_batch) {
       iterator.advance();
     }
 
     // If the batch is full, process it immediately
     // Note: iterator.advance() already calls schedule_batch_() via schedule_message_()
-    if (this->deferred_batch_.size() >= MAX_INITIAL_PER_BATCH) {
+    if (this->deferred_batch_.size() >= max_batch) {
       this->process_batch_();
     }
   }
@@ -758,8 +767,6 @@ class APIConnection final : public APIServerConnection {
     return this->schedule_batch_();
   }
 
-  // Helper function to log client messages with name and peername
-  void log_client_(int level, const LogString *message);
   // Helper function to log API errors with errno
   void log_warning_(const LogString *message, APIError err);
   // Helper to handle fatal errors with logging

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper.cpp

@@ -13,16 +13,8 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "api.frame_helper";
 
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
 #define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) \
-  do { \
-    char peername__[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN]; \
-    this->socket_->getpeername_to(peername__); \
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), peername__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
-  } while (0)
-#else
-#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ((void) 0)
-#endif
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), this->client_info_->peername.c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 #ifdef HELPER_LOG_PACKETS
 #define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", format_hex_pretty(buffer).c_str())

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper.h

@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ class APIFrameHelper {
   bool can_write_without_blocking() { return this->state_ == State::DATA && this->tx_buf_count_ == 0; }
   std::string getpeername() { return socket_->getpeername(); }
   int getpeername(struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen) { return socket_->getpeername(addr, addrlen); }
-  size_t getpeername_to(std::span<char, socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN> buf) { return socket_->getpeername_to(buf); }
   APIError close() {
     state_ = State::CLOSED;
     int err = this->socket_->close();

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -24,16 +24,8 @@ static const char *const PROLOGUE_INIT = "NoiseAPIInit";
 #endif
 static constexpr size_t PROLOGUE_INIT_LEN = 12;  // strlen("NoiseAPIInit")
 
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
 #define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) \
-  do { \
-    char peername__[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN]; \
-    this->socket_->getpeername_to(peername__); \
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), peername__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
-  } while (0)
-#else
-#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ((void) 0)
-#endif
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), this->client_info_->peername.c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 #ifdef HELPER_LOG_PACKETS
 #define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", format_hex_pretty(buffer).c_str())

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_plaintext.cpp

@@ -18,16 +18,8 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "api.plaintext";
 
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
 #define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) \
-  do { \
-    char peername__[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN]; \
-    this->socket_->getpeername_to(peername__); \
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), peername__, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
-  } while (0)
-#else
-#define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ((void) 0)
-#endif
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s (%s): " msg, this->client_info_->name.c_str(), this->client_info_->peername.c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
 #ifdef HELPER_LOG_PACKETS
 #define LOG_PACKET_RECEIVED(buffer) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Received frame: %s", format_hex_pretty(buffer).c_str())

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp

@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ bool HelloRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 bool HelloRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 1: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->client_info = value.data();
-      this->client_info_len = value.size();
+      this->client_info = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -49,9 +47,7 @@ void HelloResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 bool AuthenticationRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 1: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->password = value.data();
-      this->password_len = value.size();
+      this->password = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -448,9 +444,7 @@ bool FanCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 bool FanCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 13: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->preset_mode = value.data();
-      this->preset_mode_len = value.size();
+      this->preset_mode = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -615,9 +609,7 @@ bool LightCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 bool LightCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 19: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->effect = value.data();
-      this->effect_len = value.size();
+      this->effect = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -859,7 +851,6 @@ void SubscribeLogsResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 bool NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 1: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
       this->key = value.data();
       this->key_len = value.size();
       break;
@@ -936,12 +927,12 @@ bool HomeassistantActionResponse::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt v
 }
 bool HomeassistantActionResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 3:
-      this->error_message = value.as_string();
+    case 3: {
+      this->error_message = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
     case 4: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
       this->response_data = value.data();
       this->response_data_len = value.size();
       break;
@@ -967,21 +958,15 @@ void SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const
 bool HomeAssistantStateResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 1: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->entity_id = value.data();
-      this->entity_id_len = value.size();
+      this->entity_id = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     case 2: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->state = value.data();
-      this->state_len = value.size();
+      this->state = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     case 3: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->attribute = value.data();
-      this->attribute_len = value.size();
+      this->attribute = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -993,9 +978,7 @@ bool HomeAssistantStateResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDel
 bool GetTimeResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 2: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->timezone = value.data();
-      this->timezone_len = value.size();
+      this->timezone = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -1060,9 +1043,10 @@ bool ExecuteServiceArgument::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value)
 }
 bool ExecuteServiceArgument::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 4:
-      this->string_ = value.as_string();
+    case 4: {
+      this->string_ = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     case 9:
       this->string_array.push_back(value.as_string());
       break;
@@ -1153,7 +1137,7 @@ void ExecuteServiceResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_bool(1, this->success);
   size.add_length(1, this->error_message_ref_.size());
 #ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
-  size.add_length(4, this->response_data_len);
+  size.add_length(1, this->response_data_len);
 #endif
 }
 #endif
@@ -1408,15 +1392,11 @@ bool ClimateCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value)
 bool ClimateCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 17: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->custom_fan_mode = value.data();
-      this->custom_fan_mode_len = value.size();
+      this->custom_fan_mode = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     case 21: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->custom_preset = value.data();
-      this->custom_preset_len = value.size();
+      this->custom_preset = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -1702,9 +1682,7 @@ bool SelectCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 bool SelectCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 2: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
-      this->state = value.data();
-      this->state_len = value.size();
+      this->state = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
     }
     default:
@@ -1808,9 +1786,10 @@ bool SirenCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 }
 bool SirenCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 5:
-      this->tone = value.as_string();
+    case 5: {
+      this->tone = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -1899,9 +1878,10 @@ bool LockCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 }
 bool LockCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 4:
-      this->code = value.as_string();
+    case 4: {
+      this->code = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2069,9 +2049,10 @@ bool MediaPlayerCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt val
 }
 bool MediaPlayerCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 7:
-      this->media_url = value.as_string();
+    case 7: {
+      this->media_url = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2279,7 +2260,6 @@ bool BluetoothGATTWriteRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt val
 bool BluetoothGATTWriteRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 4: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
       this->data = value.data();
       this->data_len = value.size();
       break;
@@ -2318,7 +2298,6 @@ bool BluetoothGATTWriteDescriptorRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, Proto
 bool BluetoothGATTWriteDescriptorRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 3: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
       this->data = value.data();
       this->data_len = value.size();
       break;
@@ -2502,12 +2481,14 @@ bool VoiceAssistantResponse::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value)
 }
 bool VoiceAssistantEventData::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 1:
-      this->name = value.as_string();
+    case 1: {
+      this->name = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 2:
-      this->value = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 2: {
+      this->value = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2583,12 +2564,14 @@ bool VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVar
 }
 bool VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 2:
-      this->timer_id = value.as_string();
+    case 2: {
+      this->timer_id = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 3:
-      this->name = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 3: {
+      this->name = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2606,15 +2589,18 @@ bool VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt
 }
 bool VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 1:
-      this->media_id = value.as_string();
+    case 1: {
+      this->media_id = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 2:
-      this->text = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 2: {
+      this->text = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 3:
-      this->preannounce_media_id = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 3: {
+      this->preannounce_media_id = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2650,24 +2636,29 @@ bool VoiceAssistantExternalWakeWord::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarIn
 }
 bool VoiceAssistantExternalWakeWord::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 1:
-      this->id = value.as_string();
+    case 1: {
+      this->id = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 2:
-      this->wake_word = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 2: {
+      this->wake_word = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     case 3:
       this->trained_languages.push_back(value.as_string());
       break;
-    case 4:
-      this->model_type = value.as_string();
+    case 4: {
+      this->model_type = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 6:
-      this->model_hash = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 6: {
+      this->model_hash = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
-    case 7:
-      this->url = value.as_string();
+    }
+    case 7: {
+      this->url = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2777,9 +2768,10 @@ bool AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarI
 }
 bool AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 3:
-      this->code = value.as_string();
+    case 3: {
+      this->code = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -2861,9 +2853,10 @@ bool TextCommandRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 }
 bool TextCommandRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
-    case 2:
-      this->state = value.as_string();
+    case 2: {
+      this->state = StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(value.data()), value.size());
       break;
+    }
     default:
       return false;
   }
@@ -3331,7 +3324,6 @@ bool UpdateCommandRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
 bool ZWaveProxyFrame::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 1: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
       this->data = value.data();
       this->data_len = value.size();
       break;
@@ -3356,7 +3348,6 @@ bool ZWaveProxyRequest::decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) {
 bool ZWaveProxyRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 2: {
-      // Use raw data directly to avoid allocation
       this->data = value.data();
       this->data_len = value.size();
       break;
@@ -3372,7 +3363,7 @@ void ZWaveProxyRequest::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
 }
 void ZWaveProxyRequest::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->type));
-  size.add_length(2, this->data_len);
+  size.add_length(1, this->data_len);
 }
 #endif
 

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -357,12 +357,11 @@ class CommandProtoMessage : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 class HelloRequest final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 1;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 27;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 17;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "hello_request"; }
 #endif
-  const uint8_t *client_info{nullptr};
-  uint16_t client_info_len{0};
+  StringRef client_info{};
   uint32_t api_version_major{0};
   uint32_t api_version_minor{0};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -398,12 +397,11 @@ class HelloResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 class AuthenticationRequest final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 3;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 19;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 9;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "authentication_request"; }
 #endif
-  const uint8_t *password{nullptr};
-  uint16_t password_len{0};
+  StringRef password{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -784,7 +782,7 @@ class FanStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 class FanCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 31;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 48;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 38;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "fan_command_request"; }
 #endif
@@ -797,8 +795,7 @@ class FanCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
   bool has_speed_level{false};
   int32_t speed_level{0};
   bool has_preset_mode{false};
-  const uint8_t *preset_mode{nullptr};
-  uint16_t preset_mode_len{0};
+  StringRef preset_mode{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -860,7 +857,7 @@ class LightStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 class LightCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 32;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 122;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 112;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "light_command_request"; }
 #endif
@@ -889,8 +886,7 @@ class LightCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
   bool has_flash_length{false};
   uint32_t flash_length{0};
   bool has_effect{false};
-  const uint8_t *effect{nullptr};
-  uint16_t effect_len{0};
+  StringRef effect{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1171,7 +1167,7 @@ class HomeassistantActionResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 #endif
   uint32_t call_id{0};
   bool success{false};
-  std::string error_message{};
+  StringRef error_message{};
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
   const uint8_t *response_data{nullptr};
   uint16_t response_data_len{0};
@@ -1222,16 +1218,13 @@ class SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse final : public ProtoMessage {
 class HomeAssistantStateResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 40;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 57;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 27;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "home_assistant_state_response"; }
 #endif
-  const uint8_t *entity_id{nullptr};
-  uint16_t entity_id_len{0};
-  const uint8_t *state{nullptr};
-  uint16_t state_len{0};
-  const uint8_t *attribute{nullptr};
-  uint16_t attribute_len{0};
+  StringRef entity_id{};
+  StringRef state{};
+  StringRef attribute{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1256,13 +1249,12 @@ class GetTimeRequest final : public ProtoMessage {
 class GetTimeResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 37;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 24;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 14;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "get_time_response"; }
 #endif
   uint32_t epoch_seconds{0};
-  const uint8_t *timezone{nullptr};
-  uint16_t timezone_len{0};
+  StringRef timezone{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1310,7 +1302,7 @@ class ExecuteServiceArgument final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   bool bool_{false};
   int32_t legacy_int{0};
   float float_{0.0f};
-  std::string string_{};
+  StringRef string_{};
   int32_t int_{0};
   FixedVector<bool> bool_array{};
   FixedVector<int32_t> int_array{};
@@ -1499,7 +1491,7 @@ class ClimateStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 class ClimateCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 48;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 104;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 84;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "climate_command_request"; }
 #endif
@@ -1516,13 +1508,11 @@ class ClimateCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
   bool has_swing_mode{false};
   enums::ClimateSwingMode swing_mode{};
   bool has_custom_fan_mode{false};
-  const uint8_t *custom_fan_mode{nullptr};
-  uint16_t custom_fan_mode_len{0};
+  StringRef custom_fan_mode{};
   bool has_preset{false};
   enums::ClimatePreset preset{};
   bool has_custom_preset{false};
-  const uint8_t *custom_preset{nullptr};
-  uint16_t custom_preset_len{0};
+  StringRef custom_preset{};
   bool has_target_humidity{false};
   float target_humidity{0.0f};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -1695,12 +1685,11 @@ class SelectStateResponse final : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 class SelectCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 54;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 28;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 18;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "select_command_request"; }
 #endif
-  const uint8_t *state{nullptr};
-  uint16_t state_len{0};
+  StringRef state{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1756,7 +1745,7 @@ class SirenCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
   bool has_state{false};
   bool state{false};
   bool has_tone{false};
-  std::string tone{};
+  StringRef tone{};
   bool has_duration{false};
   uint32_t duration{0};
   bool has_volume{false};
@@ -1817,7 +1806,7 @@ class LockCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
 #endif
   enums::LockCommand command{};
   bool has_code{false};
-  std::string code{};
+  StringRef code{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1927,7 +1916,7 @@ class MediaPlayerCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
   bool has_volume{false};
   float volume{0.0f};
   bool has_media_url{false};
-  std::string media_url{};
+  StringRef media_url{};
   bool has_announcement{false};
   bool announcement{false};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -2503,8 +2492,8 @@ class VoiceAssistantResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 };
 class VoiceAssistantEventData final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  public:
-  std::string name{};
-  std::string value{};
+  StringRef name{};
+  StringRef value{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -2562,8 +2551,8 @@ class VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "voice_assistant_timer_event_response"; }
 #endif
   enums::VoiceAssistantTimerEvent event_type{};
-  std::string timer_id{};
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef timer_id{};
+  StringRef name{};
   uint32_t total_seconds{0};
   uint32_t seconds_left{0};
   bool is_active{false};
@@ -2582,9 +2571,9 @@ class VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "voice_assistant_announce_request"; }
 #endif
-  std::string media_id{};
-  std::string text{};
-  std::string preannounce_media_id{};
+  StringRef media_id{};
+  StringRef text{};
+  StringRef preannounce_media_id{};
   bool start_conversation{false};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
@@ -2627,13 +2616,13 @@ class VoiceAssistantWakeWord final : public ProtoMessage {
 };
 class VoiceAssistantExternalWakeWord final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  public:
-  std::string id{};
-  std::string wake_word{};
+  StringRef id{};
+  StringRef wake_word{};
   std::vector<std::string> trained_languages{};
-  std::string model_type{};
+  StringRef model_type{};
   uint32_t model_size{0};
-  std::string model_hash{};
-  std::string url{};
+  StringRef model_hash{};
+  StringRef url{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -2734,7 +2723,7 @@ class AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "alarm_control_panel_command_request"; }
 #endif
   enums::AlarmControlPanelStateCommand command{};
-  std::string code{};
+  StringRef code{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -2791,7 +2780,7 @@ class TextCommandRequest final : public CommandProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "text_command_request"; }
 #endif
-  std::string state{};
+  StringRef state{};
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_dump.cpp

@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ template<> const char *proto_enum_to_string<enums::ZWaveProxyRequestType>(enums:
 void HelloRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "HelloRequest");
   out.append("  client_info: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->client_info, this->client_info_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->client_info.c_str(), this->client_info.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "api_version_major", this->api_version_major);
   dump_field(out, "api_version_minor", this->api_version_minor);
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ void HelloResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 void AuthenticationRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "AuthenticationRequest");
   out.append("  password: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->password, this->password_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->password.c_str(), this->password.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
 }
 void AuthenticationResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@ void FanCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "speed_level", this->speed_level);
   dump_field(out, "has_preset_mode", this->has_preset_mode);
   out.append("  preset_mode: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->preset_mode, this->preset_mode_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->preset_mode.c_str(), this->preset_mode.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ void LightCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "flash_length", this->flash_length);
   dump_field(out, "has_effect", this->has_effect);
   out.append("  effect: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->effect, this->effect_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->effect.c_str(), this->effect.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
@@ -1205,7 +1205,9 @@ void HomeassistantActionResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "HomeassistantActionResponse");
   dump_field(out, "call_id", this->call_id);
   dump_field(out, "success", this->success);
-  dump_field(out, "error_message", this->error_message);
+  out.append("  error_message: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->error_message.c_str(), this->error_message.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
   out.append("  response_data: ");
   out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->response_data, this->response_data_len));
@@ -1226,13 +1228,13 @@ void SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 void HomeAssistantStateResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "HomeAssistantStateResponse");
   out.append("  entity_id: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->entity_id, this->entity_id_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->entity_id.c_str(), this->entity_id.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
   out.append("  state: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->state, this->state_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->state.c_str(), this->state.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
   out.append("  attribute: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->attribute, this->attribute_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->attribute.c_str(), this->attribute.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
 }
 #endif
@@ -1241,7 +1243,7 @@ void GetTimeResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "GetTimeResponse");
   dump_field(out, "epoch_seconds", this->epoch_seconds);
   out.append("  timezone: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->timezone, this->timezone_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->timezone.c_str(), this->timezone.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
 }
 #ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTIONS
@@ -1266,7 +1268,9 @@ void ExecuteServiceArgument::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "bool_", this->bool_);
   dump_field(out, "legacy_int", this->legacy_int);
   dump_field(out, "float_", this->float_);
-  dump_field(out, "string_", this->string_);
+  out.append("  string_: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->string_.c_str(), this->string_.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "int_", this->int_);
   for (const auto it : this->bool_array) {
     dump_field(out, "bool_array", static_cast<bool>(it), 4);
@@ -1424,13 +1428,13 @@ void ClimateCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "swing_mode", static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(this->swing_mode));
   dump_field(out, "has_custom_fan_mode", this->has_custom_fan_mode);
   out.append("  custom_fan_mode: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->custom_fan_mode, this->custom_fan_mode_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->custom_fan_mode.c_str(), this->custom_fan_mode.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "has_preset", this->has_preset);
   dump_field(out, "preset", static_cast<enums::ClimatePreset>(this->preset));
   dump_field(out, "has_custom_preset", this->has_custom_preset);
   out.append("  custom_preset: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->custom_preset, this->custom_preset_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->custom_preset.c_str(), this->custom_preset.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "has_target_humidity", this->has_target_humidity);
   dump_field(out, "target_humidity", this->target_humidity);
@@ -1558,7 +1562,7 @@ void SelectCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "SelectCommandRequest");
   dump_field(out, "key", this->key);
   out.append("  state: ");
-  out.append(format_hex_pretty(this->state, this->state_len));
+  out.append("'").append(this->state.c_str(), this->state.size()).append("'");
   out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
@@ -1599,7 +1603,9 @@ void SirenCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "has_state", this->has_state);
   dump_field(out, "state", this->state);
   dump_field(out, "has_tone", this->has_tone);
-  dump_field(out, "tone", this->tone);
+  out.append("  tone: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->tone.c_str(), this->tone.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "has_duration", this->has_duration);
   dump_field(out, "duration", this->duration);
   dump_field(out, "has_volume", this->has_volume);
@@ -1641,7 +1647,9 @@ void LockCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "key", this->key);
   dump_field(out, "command", static_cast<enums::LockCommand>(this->command));
   dump_field(out, "has_code", this->has_code);
-  dump_field(out, "code", this->code);
+  out.append("  code: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->code.c_str(), this->code.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
 #endif
@@ -1719,7 +1727,9 @@ void MediaPlayerCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "has_volume", this->has_volume);
   dump_field(out, "volume", this->volume);
   dump_field(out, "has_media_url", this->has_media_url);
-  dump_field(out, "media_url", this->media_url);
+  out.append("  media_url: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->media_url.c_str(), this->media_url.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "has_announcement", this->has_announcement);
   dump_field(out, "announcement", this->announcement);
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -1949,8 +1959,12 @@ void VoiceAssistantResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 }
 void VoiceAssistantEventData::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "VoiceAssistantEventData");
-  dump_field(out, "name", this->name);
-  dump_field(out, "value", this->value);
+  out.append("  name: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->name.c_str(), this->name.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
+  out.append("  value: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->value.c_str(), this->value.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
 }
 void VoiceAssistantEventResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "VoiceAssistantEventResponse");
@@ -1975,17 +1989,27 @@ void VoiceAssistantAudio::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 void VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse");
   dump_field(out, "event_type", static_cast<enums::VoiceAssistantTimerEvent>(this->event_type));
-  dump_field(out, "timer_id", this->timer_id);
-  dump_field(out, "name", this->name);
+  out.append("  timer_id: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->timer_id.c_str(), this->timer_id.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
+  out.append("  name: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->name.c_str(), this->name.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "total_seconds", this->total_seconds);
   dump_field(out, "seconds_left", this->seconds_left);
   dump_field(out, "is_active", this->is_active);
 }
 void VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest");
-  dump_field(out, "media_id", this->media_id);
-  dump_field(out, "text", this->text);
-  dump_field(out, "preannounce_media_id", this->preannounce_media_id);
+  out.append("  media_id: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->media_id.c_str(), this->media_id.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
+  out.append("  text: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->text.c_str(), this->text.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
+  out.append("  preannounce_media_id: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->preannounce_media_id.c_str(), this->preannounce_media_id.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "start_conversation", this->start_conversation);
 }
 void VoiceAssistantAnnounceFinished::dump_to(std::string &out) const { dump_field(out, "success", this->success); }
@@ -1999,15 +2023,25 @@ void VoiceAssistantWakeWord::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 }
 void VoiceAssistantExternalWakeWord::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "VoiceAssistantExternalWakeWord");
-  dump_field(out, "id", this->id);
-  dump_field(out, "wake_word", this->wake_word);
+  out.append("  id: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->id.c_str(), this->id.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
+  out.append("  wake_word: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->wake_word.c_str(), this->wake_word.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   for (const auto &it : this->trained_languages) {
     dump_field(out, "trained_languages", it, 4);
   }
-  dump_field(out, "model_type", this->model_type);
+  out.append("  model_type: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->model_type.c_str(), this->model_type.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
   dump_field(out, "model_size", this->model_size);
-  dump_field(out, "model_hash", this->model_hash);
-  dump_field(out, "url", this->url);
+  out.append("  model_hash: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->model_hash.c_str(), this->model_hash.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
+  out.append("  url: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->url.c_str(), this->url.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
 }
 void VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest");
@@ -2066,7 +2100,9 @@ void AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "AlarmControlPanelCommandRequest");
   dump_field(out, "key", this->key);
   dump_field(out, "command", static_cast<enums::AlarmControlPanelStateCommand>(this->command));
-  dump_field(out, "code", this->code);
+  out.append("  code: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->code.c_str(), this->code.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
 #endif
@@ -2103,7 +2139,9 @@ void TextStateResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 void TextCommandRequest::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "TextCommandRequest");
   dump_field(out, "key", this->key);
-  dump_field(out, "state", this->state);
+  out.append("  state: ");
+  out.append("'").append(this->state.c_str(), this->state.size()).append("'");
+  out.append("\n");
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
 #endif

esphome/components/api/api_server.cpp

@@ -125,18 +125,15 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
       if (!sock)
         break;
 
-      char peername[socket::PEERNAME_MAX_LEN];
-      sock->getpeername_to(peername);
-
       // Check if we're at the connection limit
       if (this->clients_.size() >= this->max_connections_) {
-        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Max connections (%d), rejecting %s", this->max_connections_, peername);
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Max connections (%d), rejecting %s", this->max_connections_, sock->getpeername().c_str());
         // Immediately close - socket destructor will handle cleanup
         sock.reset();
         continue;
       }
 
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Accept %s", peername);
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Accept %s", sock->getpeername().c_str());
 
       auto *conn = new APIConnection(std::move(sock), this);
       this->clients_.emplace_back(conn);
@@ -169,7 +166,8 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
     // Network is down - disconnect all clients
     for (auto &client : this->clients_) {
       client->on_fatal_error();
-      client->log_client_(ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_WARN, LOG_STR("Network down; disconnect"));
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "%s (%s): Network down; disconnect", client->client_info_.name.c_str(),
+               client->client_info_.peername.c_str());
     }
     // Continue to process and clean up the clients below
   }
@@ -187,8 +185,7 @@ void APIServer::loop() {
 
     // Rare case: handle disconnection
 #ifdef USE_API_CLIENT_DISCONNECTED_TRIGGER
-    // Trigger expects std::string, get fresh peername from socket
-    this->client_disconnected_trigger_->trigger(client->client_info_.name, client->get_peername());
+    this->client_disconnected_trigger_->trigger(client->client_info_.name, client->client_info_.peername);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_USER_DEFINED_ACTION_RESPONSES
     this->unregister_active_action_calls_for_connection(client.get());
@@ -428,7 +425,7 @@ void APIServer::handle_action_response(uint32_t call_id, bool success, const std
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
 // Helper to add subscription (reduces duplication)
 void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
-                                        std::function<void(const std::string &)> f, bool once) {
+                                        std::function<void(std::string)> f, bool once) {
   this->state_subs_.push_back(HomeAssistantStateSubscription{
       .entity_id = entity_id, .attribute = attribute, .callback = std::move(f), .once = once,
       // entity_id_dynamic_storage and attribute_dynamic_storage remain nullptr (no heap allocation)
@@ -437,7 +434,7 @@ void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(const char *entity_id, const char *attri
 
 // Helper to add subscription with heap-allocated strings (reduces duplication)
 void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                        std::function<void(const std::string &)> f, bool once) {
+                                        std::function<void(std::string)> f, bool once) {
   HomeAssistantStateSubscription sub;
   // Allocate heap storage for the strings
   sub.entity_id_dynamic_storage = std::make_unique<std::string>(std::move(entity_id));
@@ -457,23 +454,23 @@ void APIServer::add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::str
 
 // New const char* overload (for internal components - zero allocation)
 void APIServer::subscribe_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
-                                               std::function<void(const std::string &)> f) {
+                                               std::function<void(std::string)> f) {
   this->add_state_subscription_(entity_id, attribute, std::move(f), false);
 }
 
 void APIServer::get_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
-                                         std::function<void(const std::string &)> f) {
+                                         std::function<void(std::string)> f) {
   this->add_state_subscription_(entity_id, attribute, std::move(f), true);
 }
 
 // Existing std::string overload (for custom_api_device.h - heap allocation)
 void APIServer::subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                               std::function<void(const std::string &)> f) {
+                                               std::function<void(std::string)> f) {
   this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute), std::move(f), false);
 }
 
 void APIServer::get_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                         std::function<void(const std::string &)> f) {
+                                         std::function<void(std::string)> f) {
   this->add_state_subscription_(std::move(entity_id), std::move(attribute), std::move(f), true);
 }
 

esphome/components/api/api_server.h

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ class APIServer : public Component,
   struct HomeAssistantStateSubscription {
     const char *entity_id;  // Pointer to flash (internal) or heap (external)
     const char *attribute;  // Pointer to flash or nullptr (nullptr means no attribute)
-    std::function<void(const std::string &)> callback;
+    std::function<void(std::string)> callback;
     bool once;
 
     // Dynamic storage for external components using std::string API (custom_api_device.h)
@@ -205,16 +205,14 @@ class APIServer : public Component,
   };
 
   // New const char* overload (for internal components - zero allocation)
-  void subscribe_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
-                                      std::function<void(const std::string &)> f);
-  void get_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute,
-                                std::function<void(const std::string &)> f);
+  void subscribe_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(std::string)> f);
+  void get_home_assistant_state(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(std::string)> f);
 
   // Existing std::string overload (for custom_api_device.h - heap allocation)
   void subscribe_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                      std::function<void(const std::string &)> f);
+                                      std::function<void(std::string)> f);
   void get_home_assistant_state(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                                std::function<void(const std::string &)> f);
+                                std::function<void(std::string)> f);
 
   const std::vector<HomeAssistantStateSubscription> &get_state_subs() const;
 #endif
@@ -238,10 +236,10 @@ class APIServer : public Component,
 #endif  // USE_API_NOISE
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   // Helper methods to reduce code duplication
-  void add_state_subscription_(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(const std::string &)> f,
+  void add_state_subscription_(const char *entity_id, const char *attribute, std::function<void(std::string)> f,
                                bool once);
   void add_state_subscription_(std::string entity_id, optional<std::string> attribute,
-                               std::function<void(const std::string &)> f, bool once);
+                               std::function<void(std::string)> f, bool once);
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_STATES
   // Pointers and pointer-like types first (4 bytes each)
   std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_ = nullptr;

esphome/components/api/custom_api_device.h

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    *   subscribe_homeassistant_state(&CustomNativeAPI::on_state_changed, "climate.kitchen", "current_temperature");
    * }
    *
-   * void on_state_changed(const std::string &state) {
+   * void on_state_changed(std::string state) {
    *   // State of sensor.weather_forecast is `state`
    * }
    * ```
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    * @param attribute The entity state attribute to track.
    */
   template<typename T>
-  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(const std::string &), const std::string &entity_id,
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
                                      const std::string &attribute = "") {
     auto f = std::bind(callback, (T *) this, std::placeholders::_1);
     global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute), f);
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    *   subscribe_homeassistant_state(&CustomNativeAPI::on_state_changed, "sensor.weather_forecast");
    * }
    *
-   * void on_state_changed(const std::string &entity_id, const std::string &state) {
+   * void on_state_changed(std::string entity_id, std::string state) {
    *   // State of `entity_id` is `state`
    * }
    * ```
@@ -159,14 +159,14 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
    * @param attribute The entity state attribute to track.
    */
   template<typename T>
-  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(const std::string &, const std::string &),
-                                     const std::string &entity_id, const std::string &attribute = "") {
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string, std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
+                                     const std::string &attribute = "") {
     auto f = std::bind(callback, (T *) this, entity_id, std::placeholders::_1);
     global_api_server->subscribe_home_assistant_state(entity_id, optional<std::string>(attribute), f);
   }
 #else
   template<typename T>
-  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(const std::string &), const std::string &entity_id,
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
                                      const std::string &attribute = "") {
     static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0,
                   "subscribe_homeassistant_state() requires 'homeassistant_states: true' in the 'api:' section "
@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
   }
 
   template<typename T>
-  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(const std::string &, const std::string &),
-                                     const std::string &entity_id, const std::string &attribute = "") {
+  void subscribe_homeassistant_state(void (T::*callback)(std::string, std::string), const std::string &entity_id,
+                                     const std::string &attribute = "") {
     static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0,
                   "subscribe_homeassistant_state() requires 'homeassistant_states: true' in the 'api:' section "
                   "of your YAML configuration");

esphome/components/audio/audio_reader.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "audio_reader.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"

esphome/components/audio/audio_reader.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include "audio.h"
 #include "audio_transfer_buffer.h"

esphome/components/bh1750/bh1750.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include "bh1750.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
 
-namespace esphome::bh1750 {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace bh1750 {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "bh1750.sensor";
 
@@ -13,31 +13,6 @@ static const uint8_t BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_L = 0b00100011;
 static const uint8_t BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_H = 0b00100000;
 static const uint8_t BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_H2 = 0b00100001;
 
-static constexpr uint32_t MEASUREMENT_TIMEOUT_MS = 2000;
-static constexpr float HIGH_LIGHT_THRESHOLD_LX = 7000.0f;
-
-// Measurement time constants (datasheet values)
-static constexpr uint16_t MTREG_DEFAULT = 69;
-static constexpr uint16_t MTREG_MIN = 31;
-static constexpr uint16_t MTREG_MAX = 254;
-static constexpr uint16_t MEAS_TIME_L_MS = 24;   // L-resolution max measurement time @ mtreg=69
-static constexpr uint16_t MEAS_TIME_H_MS = 180;  // H/H2-resolution max measurement time @ mtreg=69
-
-// Conversion constants (datasheet formulas)
-static constexpr float RESOLUTION_DIVISOR = 1.2f;  // counts to lux conversion divisor
-static constexpr float MODE_H2_DIVISOR = 2.0f;     // H2 mode has 2x higher resolution
-
-// MTreg calculation constants
-static constexpr int COUNTS_TARGET = 50000;  // Target counts for optimal range (avoid saturation)
-static constexpr int COUNTS_NUMERATOR = 10;
-static constexpr int COUNTS_DENOMINATOR = 12;
-
-// MTreg register bit manipulation constants
-static constexpr uint8_t MTREG_HI_SHIFT = 5;       // High 3 bits start at bit 5
-static constexpr uint8_t MTREG_HI_MASK = 0b111;    // 3-bit mask for high bits
-static constexpr uint8_t MTREG_LO_SHIFT = 0;       // Low 5 bits start at bit 0
-static constexpr uint8_t MTREG_LO_MASK = 0b11111;  // 5-bit mask for low bits
-
 /*
 bh1750 properties:
 
@@ -68,7 +43,74 @@ void BH1750Sensor::setup() {
     this->mark_failed();
     return;
   }
-  this->state_ = IDLE;
+}
+
+void BH1750Sensor::read_lx_(BH1750Mode mode, uint8_t mtreg, const std::function<void(float)> &f) {
+  // turn on (after one-shot sensor automatically powers down)
+  uint8_t turn_on = BH1750_COMMAND_POWER_ON;
+  if (this->write(&turn_on, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Power on failed");
+    f(NAN);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (active_mtreg_ != mtreg) {
+    // set mtreg
+    uint8_t mtreg_hi = BH1750_COMMAND_MT_REG_HI | ((mtreg >> 5) & 0b111);
+    uint8_t mtreg_lo = BH1750_COMMAND_MT_REG_LO | ((mtreg >> 0) & 0b11111);
+    if (this->write(&mtreg_hi, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK || this->write(&mtreg_lo, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Set measurement time failed");
+      active_mtreg_ = 0;
+      f(NAN);
+      return;
+    }
+    active_mtreg_ = mtreg;
+  }
+
+  uint8_t cmd;
+  uint16_t meas_time;
+  switch (mode) {
+    case BH1750_MODE_L:
+      cmd = BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_L;
+      meas_time = 24 * mtreg / 69;
+      break;
+    case BH1750_MODE_H:
+      cmd = BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_H;
+      meas_time = 180 * mtreg / 69;
+      break;
+    case BH1750_MODE_H2:
+      cmd = BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_H2;
+      meas_time = 180 * mtreg / 69;
+      break;
+    default:
+      f(NAN);
+      return;
+  }
+  if (this->write(&cmd, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Start measurement failed");
+    f(NAN);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // probably not needed, but adjust for rounding
+  meas_time++;
+
+  this->set_timeout("read", meas_time, [this, mode, mtreg, f]() {
+    uint16_t raw_value;
+    if (this->read(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&raw_value), 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Read data failed");
+      f(NAN);
+      return;
+    }
+    raw_value = i2c::i2ctohs(raw_value);
+
+    float lx = float(raw_value) / 1.2f;
+    lx *= 69.0f / mtreg;
+    if (mode == BH1750_MODE_H2)
+      lx /= 2.0f;
+
+    f(lx);
+  });
 }
 
 void BH1750Sensor::dump_config() {
@@ -82,189 +124,45 @@ void BH1750Sensor::dump_config() {
 }
 
 void BH1750Sensor::update() {
-  const uint32_t now = millis();
-
-  // Start coarse measurement to determine optimal mode/mtreg
-  if (this->state_ != IDLE) {
-    // Safety timeout: reset if stuck
-    if (now - this->measurement_start_time_ > MEASUREMENT_TIMEOUT_MS) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Measurement timeout, resetting state");
-      this->state_ = IDLE;
-    } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Previous measurement not complete, skipping update");
+  // first do a quick measurement in L-mode with full range
+  // to find right range
+  this->read_lx_(BH1750_MODE_L, 31, [this](float val) {
+    if (std::isnan(val)) {
+      this->status_set_warning();
+      this->publish_state(NAN);
       return;
     }
-  }
 
-  if (!this->start_measurement_(BH1750_MODE_L, MTREG_MIN, now)) {
-    this->status_set_warning();
-    this->publish_state(NAN);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  this->state_ = WAITING_COARSE_MEASUREMENT;
-  this->enable_loop();  // Enable loop while measurement in progress
-}
-
-void BH1750Sensor::loop() {
-  const uint32_t now = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-
-  switch (this->state_) {
-    case IDLE:
-      // Disable loop when idle to save cycles
-      this->disable_loop();
-      break;
-
-    case WAITING_COARSE_MEASUREMENT:
-      if (now - this->measurement_start_time_ >= this->measurement_duration_) {
-        this->state_ = READING_COARSE_RESULT;
-      }
-      break;
-
-    case READING_COARSE_RESULT: {
-      float lx;
-      if (!this->read_measurement_(lx)) {
-        this->fail_and_reset_();
-        break;
-      }
-
-      this->process_coarse_result_(lx);
-
-      // Start fine measurement with optimal settings
-      // fetch millis() again since the read can take a bit
-      if (!this->start_measurement_(this->fine_mode_, this->fine_mtreg_, millis())) {
-        this->fail_and_reset_();
-        break;
-      }
-
-      this->state_ = WAITING_FINE_MEASUREMENT;
-      break;
+    BH1750Mode use_mode;
+    uint8_t use_mtreg;
+    if (val <= 7000) {
+      use_mode = BH1750_MODE_H2;
+      use_mtreg = 254;
+    } else {
+      use_mode = BH1750_MODE_H;
+      // lx = counts / 1.2 * (69 / mtreg)
+      // -> mtreg = counts / 1.2 * (69 / lx)
+      // calculate for counts=50000 (allow some range to not saturate, but maximize mtreg)
+      // -> mtreg = 50000*(10/12)*(69/lx)
+      int ideal_mtreg = 50000 * 10 * 69 / (12 * (int) val);
+      use_mtreg = std::min(254, std::max(31, ideal_mtreg));
     }
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "L result: %f -> Calculated mode=%d, mtreg=%d", val, (int) use_mode, use_mtreg);
 
-    case WAITING_FINE_MEASUREMENT:
-      if (now - this->measurement_start_time_ >= this->measurement_duration_) {
-        this->state_ = READING_FINE_RESULT;
+    this->read_lx_(use_mode, use_mtreg, [this](float val) {
+      if (std::isnan(val)) {
+        this->status_set_warning();
+        this->publish_state(NAN);
+        return;
       }
-      break;
-
-    case READING_FINE_RESULT: {
-      float lx;
-      if (!this->read_measurement_(lx)) {
-        this->fail_and_reset_();
-        break;
-      }
-
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Illuminance=%.1flx", this->get_name().c_str(), lx);
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Illuminance=%.1flx", this->get_name().c_str(), val);
       this->status_clear_warning();
-      this->publish_state(lx);
-      this->state_ = IDLE;
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-bool BH1750Sensor::start_measurement_(BH1750Mode mode, uint8_t mtreg, uint32_t now) {
-  // Power on
-  uint8_t turn_on = BH1750_COMMAND_POWER_ON;
-  if (this->write(&turn_on, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Power on failed");
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Set MTreg if changed
-  if (this->active_mtreg_ != mtreg) {
-    uint8_t mtreg_hi = BH1750_COMMAND_MT_REG_HI | ((mtreg >> MTREG_HI_SHIFT) & MTREG_HI_MASK);
-    uint8_t mtreg_lo = BH1750_COMMAND_MT_REG_LO | ((mtreg >> MTREG_LO_SHIFT) & MTREG_LO_MASK);
-    if (this->write(&mtreg_hi, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK || this->write(&mtreg_lo, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Set measurement time failed");
-      this->active_mtreg_ = 0;
-      return false;
-    }
-    this->active_mtreg_ = mtreg;
-  }
-
-  // Start measurement
-  uint8_t cmd;
-  uint16_t meas_time;
-  switch (mode) {
-    case BH1750_MODE_L:
-      cmd = BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_L;
-      meas_time = MEAS_TIME_L_MS * mtreg / MTREG_DEFAULT;
-      break;
-    case BH1750_MODE_H:
-      cmd = BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_H;
-      meas_time = MEAS_TIME_H_MS * mtreg / MTREG_DEFAULT;
-      break;
-    case BH1750_MODE_H2:
-      cmd = BH1750_COMMAND_ONE_TIME_H2;
-      meas_time = MEAS_TIME_H_MS * mtreg / MTREG_DEFAULT;
-      break;
-    default:
-      return false;
-  }
-
-  if (this->write(&cmd, 1) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Start measurement failed");
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  // Store current measurement parameters
-  this->current_mode_ = mode;
-  this->current_mtreg_ = mtreg;
-  this->measurement_start_time_ = now;
-  this->measurement_duration_ = meas_time + 1;  // Add 1ms for safety
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool BH1750Sensor::read_measurement_(float &lx_out) {
-  uint16_t raw_value;
-  if (this->read(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(&raw_value), 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Read data failed");
-    return false;
-  }
-  raw_value = i2c::i2ctohs(raw_value);
-
-  float lx = float(raw_value) / RESOLUTION_DIVISOR;
-  lx *= float(MTREG_DEFAULT) / this->current_mtreg_;
-  if (this->current_mode_ == BH1750_MODE_H2) {
-    lx /= MODE_H2_DIVISOR;
-  }
-
-  lx_out = lx;
-  return true;
-}
-
-void BH1750Sensor::process_coarse_result_(float lx) {
-  if (std::isnan(lx)) {
-    // Use defaults if coarse measurement failed
-    this->fine_mode_ = BH1750_MODE_H2;
-    this->fine_mtreg_ = MTREG_MAX;
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (lx <= HIGH_LIGHT_THRESHOLD_LX) {
-    this->fine_mode_ = BH1750_MODE_H2;
-    this->fine_mtreg_ = MTREG_MAX;
-  } else {
-    this->fine_mode_ = BH1750_MODE_H;
-    // lx = counts / 1.2 * (69 / mtreg)
-    // -> mtreg = counts / 1.2 * (69 / lx)
-    // calculate for counts=50000 (allow some range to not saturate, but maximize mtreg)
-    // -> mtreg = 50000*(10/12)*(69/lx)
-    int ideal_mtreg = COUNTS_TARGET * COUNTS_NUMERATOR * MTREG_DEFAULT / (COUNTS_DENOMINATOR * (int) lx);
-    this->fine_mtreg_ = std::min((int) MTREG_MAX, std::max((int) MTREG_MIN, ideal_mtreg));
-  }
-
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "L result: %.1f -> Calculated mode=%d, mtreg=%d", lx, (int) this->fine_mode_, this->fine_mtreg_);
-}
-
-void BH1750Sensor::fail_and_reset_() {
-  this->status_set_warning();
-  this->publish_state(NAN);
-  this->state_ = IDLE;
+      this->publish_state(val);
+    });
+  });
 }
 
 float BH1750Sensor::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::DATA; }
 
-}  // namespace esphome::bh1750
+}  // namespace bh1750
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bh1750/bh1750.h

@@ -4,9 +4,10 @@
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 #include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
 
-namespace esphome::bh1750 {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace bh1750 {
 
-enum BH1750Mode : uint8_t {
+enum BH1750Mode {
   BH1750_MODE_L,
   BH1750_MODE_H,
   BH1750_MODE_H2,
@@ -20,36 +21,13 @@ class BH1750Sensor : public sensor::Sensor, public PollingComponent, public i2c:
   void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
   void update() override;
-  void loop() override;
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
 
  protected:
-  // State machine states
-  enum State : uint8_t {
-    IDLE,
-    WAITING_COARSE_MEASUREMENT,
-    READING_COARSE_RESULT,
-    WAITING_FINE_MEASUREMENT,
-    READING_FINE_RESULT,
-  };
+  void read_lx_(BH1750Mode mode, uint8_t mtreg, const std::function<void(float)> &f);
 
-  // 4-byte aligned members
-  uint32_t measurement_start_time_{0};
-  uint32_t measurement_duration_{0};
-
-  // 1-byte members grouped together to minimize padding
-  State state_{IDLE};
-  BH1750Mode current_mode_{BH1750_MODE_L};
-  uint8_t current_mtreg_{31};
-  BH1750Mode fine_mode_{BH1750_MODE_H2};
-  uint8_t fine_mtreg_{254};
   uint8_t active_mtreg_{0};
-
-  // Helper methods
-  bool start_measurement_(BH1750Mode mode, uint8_t mtreg, uint32_t now);
-  bool read_measurement_(float &lx_out);
-  void process_coarse_result_(float lx);
-  void fail_and_reset_();
 };
 
-}  // namespace esphome::bh1750
+}  // namespace bh1750
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/ble_client/automation.h

@@ -7,8 +7,12 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ble_client/ble_client.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
+// Maximum bytes to log in hex format for BLE writes (many logging buffers are 256 chars)
+static constexpr size_t BLE_WRITE_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 64;
+
 namespace esphome::ble_client {
 
 // placeholder class for static TAG .
@@ -151,7 +155,10 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientWriteAction : public Action<Ts...>, publ
       esph_log_w(Automation::TAG, "Cannot write to BLE characteristic - not connected");
       return false;
     }
-    esph_log_vv(Automation::TAG, "Will write %d bytes: %s", len, format_hex_pretty(data, len).c_str());
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
+    char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(BLE_WRITE_MAX_LOG_BYTES)];
+    esph_log_vv(Automation::TAG, "Will write %d bytes: %s", len, format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data, len));
+#endif
     esp_err_t err =
         esp_ble_gattc_write_char(this->parent()->get_gattc_if(), this->parent()->get_conn_id(), this->char_handle_, len,
                                  const_cast<uint8_t *>(data), this->write_type_, ESP_GATT_AUTH_REQ_NONE);

esphome/components/bme68x_bsec2/sensor.py

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ TYPES = [
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
     {
+        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(cg.Component),
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_BME68X_BSEC2_ID): cv.use_id(BME68xBSEC2Component),
         cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
             unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import esp32_ble_tracker
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_MAC_ADDRESS
+
+CODEOWNERS = ["@nagyrobi"]
+DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32_ble_tracker"]
+
+BLE_DEVICE_SCHEMA = esp32_ble_tracker.ESP_BLE_DEVICE_SCHEMA
+
+bthome_mithermometer_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("bthome_mithermometer")
+BTHomeMiThermometer = bthome_mithermometer_ns.class_(
+    "BTHomeMiThermometer", esp32_ble_tracker.ESPBTDeviceListener, cg.Component
+)
+
+
+def bthome_mithermometer_base_schema(extra_schema=None):
+    if extra_schema is None:
+        extra_schema = {}
+    return (
+        cv.Schema(
+            {
+                cv.GenerateID(CONF_ID): cv.declare_id(BTHomeMiThermometer),
+                cv.Required(CONF_MAC_ADDRESS): cv.mac_address,
+            }
+        )
+        .extend(BLE_DEVICE_SCHEMA)
+        .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
+        .extend(extra_schema)
+    )
+
+
+async def setup_bthome_mithermometer(var, config):
+    await cg.register_component(var, config)
+    await esp32_ble_tracker.register_ble_device(var, config)
+    cg.add(var.set_address(config[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS].as_hex))

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/bthome_ble.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+#include "bthome_ble.h"
+
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+#include <array>
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace bthome_mithermometer {
+
+static const char *const TAG = "bthome_mithermometer";
+
+static std::string format_mac_address(uint64_t address) {
+  std::array<uint8_t, MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE> mac{};
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE; i++) {
+    mac[i] = (address >> ((MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE - 1 - i) * 8)) & 0xFF;
+  }
+
+  char buffer[MAC_ADDRESS_SIZE * 3];
+  format_mac_addr_upper(mac.data(), buffer);
+  return buffer;
+}
+
+static bool get_bthome_value_length(uint8_t obj_type, size_t &value_length) {
+  switch (obj_type) {
+    case 0x00:  // packet id
+    case 0x01:  // battery
+    case 0x09:  // count (uint8)
+    case 0x0F:  // generic boolean
+    case 0x10:  // power (bool)
+    case 0x11:  // opening
+    case 0x15:  // battery low
+    case 0x16:  // battery charging
+    case 0x17:  // carbon monoxide
+    case 0x18:  // cold
+    case 0x19:  // connectivity
+    case 0x1A:  // door
+    case 0x1B:  // garage door
+    case 0x1C:  // gas
+    case 0x1D:  // heat
+    case 0x1E:  // light
+    case 0x1F:  // lock
+    case 0x20:  // moisture
+    case 0x21:  // motion
+    case 0x22:  // moving
+    case 0x23:  // occupancy
+    case 0x24:  // plug
+    case 0x25:  // presence
+    case 0x26:  // problem
+    case 0x27:  // running
+    case 0x28:  // safety
+    case 0x29:  // smoke
+    case 0x2A:  // sound
+    case 0x2B:  // tamper
+    case 0x2C:  // vibration
+    case 0x2D:  // water leak
+    case 0x2E:  // humidity (uint8)
+    case 0x2F:  // moisture (uint8)
+    case 0x46:  // UV index
+    case 0x57:  // temperature (sint8)
+    case 0x58:  // temperature (0.35C step)
+    case 0x59:  // count (sint8)
+    case 0x60:  // channel
+      value_length = 1;
+      return true;
+    case 0x02:  // temperature (0.01C)
+    case 0x03:  // humidity
+    case 0x06:  // mass (kg)
+    case 0x07:  // mass (lb)
+    case 0x08:  // dewpoint
+    case 0x0C:  // voltage (mV)
+    case 0x0D:  // pm2.5
+    case 0x0E:  // pm10
+    case 0x12:  // CO2
+    case 0x13:  // TVOC
+    case 0x14:  // moisture
+    case 0x3D:  // count (uint16)
+    case 0x3F:  // rotation
+    case 0x40:  // distance (mm)
+    case 0x41:  // distance (m)
+    case 0x43:  // current (A)
+    case 0x44:  // speed
+    case 0x45:  // temperature (0.1C)
+    case 0x47:  // volume (L)
+    case 0x48:  // volume (mL)
+    case 0x49:  // volume flow rate
+    case 0x4A:  // voltage (0.1V)
+    case 0x51:  // acceleration
+    case 0x52:  // gyroscope
+    case 0x56:  // conductivity
+    case 0x5A:  // count (sint16)
+    case 0x5D:  // current (sint16)
+    case 0x5E:  // direction
+    case 0x5F:  // precipitation
+    case 0x61:  // rotational speed
+    case 0xF0:  // button event
+      value_length = 2;
+      return true;
+    case 0x04:  // pressure
+    case 0x05:  // illuminance
+    case 0x0A:  // energy
+    case 0x0B:  // power
+    case 0x42:  // duration
+    case 0x4B:  // gas (uint24)
+    case 0xF2:  // firmware version (uint24)
+      value_length = 3;
+      return true;
+    case 0x3E:  // count (uint32)
+    case 0x4C:  // gas (uint32)
+    case 0x4D:  // energy (uint32)
+    case 0x4E:  // volume (uint32)
+    case 0x4F:  // water (uint32)
+    case 0x50:  // timestamp
+    case 0x55:  // volume storage
+    case 0x5B:  // count (sint32)
+    case 0x5C:  // power (sint32)
+    case 0x62:  // speed (sint32)
+    case 0x63:  // acceleration (sint32)
+    case 0xF1:  // firmware version (uint32)
+      value_length = 4;
+      return true;
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
+void BTHomeMiThermometer::dump_config() {
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "BTHome MiThermometer");
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  MAC Address: %s", format_mac_address(this->address_).c_str());
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Temperature", this->temperature_);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Humidity", this->humidity_);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Battery Level", this->battery_level_);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Battery Voltage", this->battery_voltage_);
+  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Signal Strength", this->signal_strength_);
+}
+
+bool BTHomeMiThermometer::parse_device(const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device) {
+  bool matched = false;
+  for (auto &service_data : device.get_service_datas()) {
+    if (this->handle_service_data_(service_data, device)) {
+      matched = true;
+    }
+  }
+  if (matched && this->signal_strength_ != nullptr) {
+    this->signal_strength_->publish_state(device.get_rssi());
+  }
+  return matched;
+}
+
+bool BTHomeMiThermometer::handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data,
+                                               const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device) {
+  if (!service_data.uuid.contains(0xD2, 0xFC)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const auto &data = service_data.data;
+  if (data.size() < 2) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome data too short: %zu", data.size());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const uint8_t adv_info = data[0];
+  const bool is_encrypted = adv_info & 0x01;
+  const bool mac_included = adv_info & 0x02;
+  const bool is_trigger_based = adv_info & 0x04;
+  const uint8_t version = (adv_info >> 5) & 0x07;
+
+  if (version != 0x02) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Unsupported BTHome version %u", version);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (is_encrypted) {
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Ignoring encrypted BTHome frame from %s", device.address_str().c_str());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  size_t payload_index = 1;
+  uint64_t source_address = device.address_uint64();
+
+  if (mac_included) {
+    if (data.size() < 7) {
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome payload missing MAC address");
+      return false;
+    }
+    source_address = 0;
+    for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
+      source_address = (source_address << 8) | data[1 + i];
+    }
+    payload_index = 7;
+  }
+
+  if (source_address != this->address_) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome frame from unexpected device %s", format_mac_address(source_address).c_str());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (payload_index >= data.size()) {
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome payload empty after header");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool reported = false;
+  size_t offset = payload_index;
+  uint8_t last_type = 0;
+
+  while (offset < data.size()) {
+    const uint8_t obj_type = data[offset++];
+    size_t value_length = 0;
+    bool has_length_byte = obj_type == 0x53;  // text objects include explicit length
+
+    if (has_length_byte) {
+      if (offset >= data.size()) {
+        break;
+      }
+      value_length = data[offset++];
+    } else {
+      if (!get_bthome_value_length(obj_type, value_length)) {
+        ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Unknown BTHome object 0x%02X", obj_type);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (value_length == 0) {
+      break;
+    }
+
+    if (offset + value_length > data.size()) {
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome object length exceeds payload");
+      break;
+    }
+
+    const uint8_t *value = &data[offset];
+    offset += value_length;
+
+    if (obj_type < last_type) {
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "BTHome objects not in ascending order");
+    }
+    last_type = obj_type;
+
+    switch (obj_type) {
+      case 0x00: {  // packet id
+        const uint8_t packet_id = value[0];
+        if (this->last_packet_id_.has_value() && *this->last_packet_id_ == packet_id) {
+          return reported;
+        }
+        this->last_packet_id_ = packet_id;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 0x01: {  // battery percentage
+        if (this->battery_level_ != nullptr) {
+          this->battery_level_->publish_state(value[0]);
+          reported = true;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case 0x0C: {  // battery voltage (mV)
+        if (this->battery_voltage_ != nullptr) {
+          const uint16_t raw = encode_uint16(value[1], value[0]);
+          this->battery_voltage_->publish_state(raw * 0.001f);
+          reported = true;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case 0x02: {  // temperature
+        if (this->temperature_ != nullptr) {
+          const int16_t raw = encode_uint16(value[1], value[0]);
+          this->temperature_->publish_state(raw * 0.01f);
+          reported = true;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case 0x03: {  // humidity
+        if (this->humidity_ != nullptr) {
+          const uint16_t raw = encode_uint16(value[1], value[0]);
+          this->humidity_->publish_state(raw * 0.01f);
+          reported = true;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      default:
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (reported) {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "BTHome data%sfrom %s", is_trigger_based ? " (triggered) " : " ", device.address_str().c_str());
+  }
+
+  return reported;
+}
+
+}  // namespace bthome_mithermometer
+}  // namespace esphome
+
+#endif

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/bthome_ble.h

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/esp32_ble_tracker.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace bthome_mithermometer {
+
+class BTHomeMiThermometer : public esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDeviceListener, public Component {
+ public:
+  void set_address(uint64_t address) { this->address_ = address; }
+
+  void set_temperature(sensor::Sensor *temperature) { this->temperature_ = temperature; }
+  void set_humidity(sensor::Sensor *humidity) { this->humidity_ = humidity; }
+  void set_battery_level(sensor::Sensor *battery_level) { this->battery_level_ = battery_level; }
+  void set_battery_voltage(sensor::Sensor *battery_voltage) { this->battery_voltage_ = battery_voltage; }
+  void set_signal_strength(sensor::Sensor *signal_strength) { this->signal_strength_ = signal_strength; }
+
+  void dump_config() override;
+  bool parse_device(const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device) override;
+
+ protected:
+  bool handle_service_data_(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data,
+                            const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device);
+
+  uint64_t address_{0};
+  optional<uint8_t> last_packet_id_{};
+
+  sensor::Sensor *temperature_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *humidity_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *battery_level_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *battery_voltage_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *signal_strength_{nullptr};
+};
+
+}  // namespace bthome_mithermometer
+}  // namespace esphome
+
+#endif

esphome/components/bthome_mithermometer/sensor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import sensor
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    CONF_BATTERY_LEVEL,
+    CONF_BATTERY_VOLTAGE,
+    CONF_HUMIDITY,
+    CONF_ID,
+    CONF_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
+    CONF_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_BATTERY,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_HUMIDITY,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_VOLTAGE,
+    ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
+    STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    UNIT_CELSIUS,
+    UNIT_DECIBEL_MILLIWATT,
+    UNIT_PERCENT,
+    UNIT_VOLT,
+)
+
+from . import bthome_mithermometer_base_schema, setup_bthome_mithermometer
+
+CODEOWNERS = ["@nagyrobi"]
+
+DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32_ble_tracker"]
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = bthome_mithermometer_base_schema(
+    {
+        cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,
+            accuracy_decimals=2,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_HUMIDITY): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
+            accuracy_decimals=2,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_HUMIDITY,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_BATTERY_LEVEL): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
+            accuracy_decimals=0,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_BATTERY,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+            entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_BATTERY_VOLTAGE): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_VOLT,
+            accuracy_decimals=3,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_VOLTAGE,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+            icon="mdi:battery-plus",
+            entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_SIGNAL_STRENGTH): sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_DECIBEL_MILLIWATT,
+            accuracy_decimals=0,
+            device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_SIGNAL_STRENGTH,
+            state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+            entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
+        ),
+    }
+)
+
+
+async def to_code(config):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
+    await setup_bthome_mithermometer(var, config)
+
+    if temp_sens := config.get(CONF_TEMPERATURE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(temp_sens)
+        cg.add(var.set_temperature(sens))
+    if humi_sens := config.get(CONF_HUMIDITY):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(humi_sens)
+        cg.add(var.set_humidity(sens))
+    if batl_sens := config.get(CONF_BATTERY_LEVEL):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(batl_sens)
+        cg.add(var.set_battery_level(sens))
+    if batv_sens := config.get(CONF_BATTERY_VOLTAGE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(batv_sens)
+        cg.add(var.set_battery_voltage(sens))
+    if sgnl_sens := config.get(CONF_SIGNAL_STRENGTH):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(sgnl_sens)
+        cg.add(var.set_signal_strength(sens))

esphome/components/captive_portal/__init__.py

@@ -97,10 +97,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_define("USE_CAPTIVE_PORTAL")
 
     if CORE.using_arduino:
-        if CORE.is_esp32:
-            cg.add_library("ESP32 Async UDP", None)
-            cg.add_library("DNSServer", None)
-            cg.add_library("WiFi", None)
         if CORE.is_esp8266:
             cg.add_library("DNSServer", None)
         if CORE.is_libretiny:
@@ -110,6 +106,9 @@ async def to_code(config):
 # Only compile the ESP-IDF DNS server when using ESP-IDF framework
 FILTER_SOURCE_FILES = filter_source_files_from_platform(
     {
-        "dns_server_esp32_idf.cpp": {PlatformFramework.ESP32_IDF},
+        "dns_server_esp32_idf.cpp": {
+            PlatformFramework.ESP32_ARDUINO,
+            PlatformFramework.ESP32_IDF,
+        },
     }
 )

esphome/components/captive_portal/captive_portal.cpp

@@ -69,12 +69,11 @@ void CaptivePortal::start() {
 
   network::IPAddress ip = wifi::global_wifi_component->wifi_soft_ap_ip();
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#if defined(USE_ESP32)
   // Create DNS server instance for ESP-IDF
   this->dns_server_ = make_unique<DNSServer>();
   this->dns_server_->start(ip);
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
+#elif defined(USE_ARDUINO)
   this->dns_server_ = make_unique<DNSServer>();
   this->dns_server_->setErrorReplyCode(DNSReplyCode::NoError);
   this->dns_server_->start(53, ESPHOME_F("*"), ip);

esphome/components/captive_portal/captive_portal.h

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #ifdef USE_CAPTIVE_PORTAL
 #include <memory>
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-#include <DNSServer.h>
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#if defined(USE_ESP32)
 #include "dns_server_esp32_idf.h"
+#elif defined(USE_ARDUINO)
+#include <DNSServer.h>
 #endif
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
@@ -23,15 +22,14 @@ class CaptivePortal : public AsyncWebHandler, public Component {
   void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
   void loop() override {
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-    if (this->dns_server_ != nullptr) {
-      this->dns_server_->processNextRequest();
-    }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#if defined(USE_ESP32)
     if (this->dns_server_ != nullptr) {
       this->dns_server_->process_next_request();
     }
+#elif defined(USE_ARDUINO)
+    if (this->dns_server_ != nullptr) {
+      this->dns_server_->processNextRequest();
+    }
 #endif
   }
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
@@ -64,7 +62,7 @@ class CaptivePortal : public AsyncWebHandler, public Component {
   web_server_base::WebServerBase *base_;
   bool initialized_{false};
   bool active_{false};
-#if defined(USE_ARDUINO) || defined(USE_ESP_IDF)
+#if defined(USE_ARDUINO) || defined(USE_ESP32)
   std::unique_ptr<DNSServer> dns_server_{nullptr};
 #endif
 };

esphome/components/captive_portal/dns_server_esp32_idf.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "dns_server_esp32_idf.h"
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
@@ -202,4 +202,4 @@ void DNSServer::process_next_request() {
 
 }  // namespace esphome::captive_portal
 
-#endif  // USE_ESP_IDF
+#endif  // USE_ESP32

esphome/components/captive_portal/dns_server_esp32_idf.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include <memory>
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ class DNSServer {
 
 }  // namespace esphome::captive_portal
 
-#endif  // USE_ESP_IDF
+#endif  // USE_ESP32

esphome/components/cc1101/cc1101.cpp

@@ -169,14 +169,16 @@ void CC1101Component::loop() {
   }
 
   // Read packet
-  uint8_t payload_length;
+  uint8_t payload_length, expected_rx;
   if (this->state_.LENGTH_CONFIG == static_cast<uint8_t>(LengthConfig::LENGTH_CONFIG_VARIABLE)) {
     this->read_(Register::FIFO, &payload_length, 1);
+    expected_rx = payload_length + 1;
   } else {
     payload_length = this->state_.PKTLEN;
+    expected_rx = payload_length;
   }
-  if (payload_length == 0 || payload_length > 64) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid payload length: %u", payload_length);
+  if (payload_length == 0 || payload_length > 64 || rx_bytes != expected_rx) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid packet: rx_bytes %u, payload_length %u", rx_bytes, payload_length);
     this->enter_idle_();
     this->strobe_(Command::FRX);
     this->strobe_(Command::RX);
@@ -186,13 +188,12 @@ void CC1101Component::loop() {
   this->packet_.resize(payload_length);
   this->read_(Register::FIFO, this->packet_.data(), payload_length);
 
-  // Read status and trigger
-  uint8_t status[2];
-  this->read_(Register::FIFO, status, 2);
-  int8_t rssi_raw = static_cast<int8_t>(status[0]);
-  float rssi = (rssi_raw * RSSI_STEP) - RSSI_OFFSET;
-  bool crc_ok = (status[1] & STATUS_CRC_OK_MASK) != 0;
-  uint8_t lqi = status[1] & STATUS_LQI_MASK;
+  // Read status from registers (more reliable than FIFO status bytes due to timing issues)
+  this->read_(Register::RSSI);
+  this->read_(Register::LQI);
+  float rssi = (this->state_.RSSI * RSSI_STEP) - RSSI_OFFSET;
+  bool crc_ok = (this->state_.LQI & STATUS_CRC_OK_MASK) != 0;
+  uint8_t lqi = this->state_.LQI & STATUS_LQI_MASK;
   if (this->state_.CRC_EN == 0 || crc_ok) {
     this->packet_trigger_->trigger(this->packet_, rssi, lqi);
   }
@@ -616,12 +617,15 @@ void CC1101Component::set_packet_mode(bool value) {
     this->state_.GDO0_CFG = 0x01;
     // Set max RX FIFO threshold to ensure we only trigger on end-of-packet
     this->state_.FIFO_THR = 15;
+    // Don't append status bytes to FIFO - we read from registers instead
+    this->state_.APPEND_STATUS = 0;
   } else {
     // Configure GDO0 for serial data (async serial mode)
     this->state_.GDO0_CFG = 0x0D;
   }
   if (this->initialized_) {
     this->write_(Register::PKTCTRL0);
+    this->write_(Register::PKTCTRL1);
     this->write_(Register::IOCFG0);
     this->write_(Register::FIFOTHR);
   }

esphome/components/climate/climate.cpp

@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ optional<ClimateDeviceRestoreState> Climate::restore_state_() {
 }
 
 void Climate::save_state_() {
-#if (defined(USE_ESP_IDF) || (defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(3, 0, 0))) && \
+#if (defined(USE_ESP32) || (defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(3, 0, 0))) && \
     !defined(CLANG_TIDY)
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wclass-memaccess"
 #define TEMP_IGNORE_MEMACCESS

esphome/components/dallas_temp/dallas_temp.cpp

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ void DallasTemperatureSensor::update() {
     }
 
     float tempc = this->get_temp_c_();
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Got Temperature=%.1f°C", this->get_name().c_str(), tempc);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Got Temperature=%f°C", this->get_name().c_str(), tempc);
     this->publish_state(tempc);
   });
 }

esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp

@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
 #ifdef USE_ARDUINO
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Framework: Arduino");
   device_info += "Arduino";
-#elif defined(USE_ESP_IDF)
+#elif defined(USE_ESP32)
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Framework: ESP-IDF");
   device_info += "ESP-IDF";
 #else

esphome/components/display/__init__.py

@@ -63,13 +63,11 @@ def validate_auto_clear(value):
     return cv.boolean(value)
 
 
-def basic_display_schema(default_update_interval: str = "1s") -> cv.Schema:
-    """Create a basic display schema with configurable default update interval."""
-    return cv.Schema(
-        {
-            cv.Exclusive(CONF_LAMBDA, CONF_LAMBDA): cv.lambda_,
-        }
-    ).extend(cv.polling_component_schema(default_update_interval))
+BASIC_DISPLAY_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
+    {
+        cv.Exclusive(CONF_LAMBDA, CONF_LAMBDA): cv.lambda_,
+    }
+).extend(cv.polling_component_schema("1s"))
 
 
 def _validate_test_card(config):
@@ -83,41 +81,34 @@ def _validate_test_card(config):
     return config
 
 
-def full_display_schema(default_update_interval: str = "1s") -> cv.Schema:
-    """Create a full display schema with configurable default update interval."""
-    schema = basic_display_schema(default_update_interval).extend(
-        {
-            cv.Optional(CONF_ROTATION): validate_rotation,
-            cv.Exclusive(CONF_PAGES, CONF_LAMBDA): cv.All(
-                cv.ensure_list(
-                    {
-                        cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(DisplayPage),
-                        cv.Required(CONF_LAMBDA): cv.lambda_,
-                    }
-                ),
-                cv.Length(min=1),
-            ),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_ON_PAGE_CHANGE): automation.validate_automation(
+FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA = BASIC_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.extend(
+    {
+        cv.Optional(CONF_ROTATION): validate_rotation,
+        cv.Exclusive(CONF_PAGES, CONF_LAMBDA): cv.All(
+            cv.ensure_list(
                 {
-                    cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
-                        DisplayOnPageChangeTrigger
-                    ),
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_FROM): cv.use_id(DisplayPage),
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_TO): cv.use_id(DisplayPage),
+                    cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(DisplayPage),
+                    cv.Required(CONF_LAMBDA): cv.lambda_,
                 }
             ),
-            cv.Optional(
-                CONF_AUTO_CLEAR_ENABLED, default=CONF_UNSPECIFIED
-            ): validate_auto_clear,
-            cv.Optional(CONF_SHOW_TEST_CARD): cv.boolean,
-        }
-    )
-    schema.add_extra(_validate_test_card)
-    return schema
-
-
-BASIC_DISPLAY_SCHEMA = basic_display_schema("1s")
-FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA = full_display_schema("1s")
+            cv.Length(min=1),
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_ON_PAGE_CHANGE): automation.validate_automation(
+            {
+                cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(
+                    DisplayOnPageChangeTrigger
+                ),
+                cv.Optional(CONF_FROM): cv.use_id(DisplayPage),
+                cv.Optional(CONF_TO): cv.use_id(DisplayPage),
+            }
+        ),
+        cv.Optional(
+            CONF_AUTO_CLEAR_ENABLED, default=CONF_UNSPECIFIED
+        ): validate_auto_clear,
+        cv.Optional(CONF_SHOW_TEST_CARD): cv.boolean,
+    }
+)
+FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.add_extra(_validate_test_card)
 
 
 async def setup_display_core_(var, config):

esphome/components/ee895/ee895.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ namespace ee895 {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "ee895";
 
+// Serial number is 16 bytes
+static constexpr size_t EE895_SERIAL_NUMBER_SIZE = 16;
+
 static const uint16_t CRC16_ONEWIRE_START = 0xFFFF;
 static const uint8_t FUNCTION_CODE_READ = 0x03;
 static const uint16_t SERIAL_NUMBER = 0x0000;
@@ -26,7 +29,10 @@ void EE895Component::setup() {
     this->mark_failed();
     return;
   }
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "    Serial Number: 0x%s", format_hex(serial_number + 2, 16).c_str());
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+  char serial_hex[format_hex_size(EE895_SERIAL_NUMBER_SIZE)];
+#endif
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "    Serial Number: 0x%s", format_hex_to(serial_hex, serial_number + 2, EE895_SERIAL_NUMBER_SIZE));
 }
 
 void EE895Component::dump_config() {

esphome/components/epaper_spi/display.py

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TRANSFORM,
     CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
     CONF_WIDTH,
-    SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN,
 )
 from esphome.cpp_generator import RawExpression
 from esphome.final_validate import full_config
@@ -73,10 +72,12 @@ TRANSFORM_OPTIONS = {CONF_MIRROR_X, CONF_MIRROR_Y, CONF_SWAP_XY}
 def model_schema(config):
     model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
     class_name = epaper_spi_ns.class_(model.class_name, EPaperBase)
+    minimum_update_interval = update_interval(
+        model.get_default(CONF_MINIMUM_UPDATE_INTERVAL, "1s")
+    )
     cv_dimensions = cv.Optional if model.get_default(CONF_WIDTH) else cv.Required
     return (
-        display.full_display_schema("60s")
-        .extend(
+        display.FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.extend(
             spi.spi_device_schema(
                 cs_pin_required=False,
                 default_mode="MODE0",
@@ -93,6 +94,9 @@ def model_schema(config):
             {
                 cv.Optional(CONF_ROTATION, default=0): validate_rotation,
                 cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(model.name, upper=True),
+                cv.Optional(CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL, default=cv.UNDEFINED): cv.All(
+                    update_interval, cv.Range(min=minimum_update_interval)
+                ),
                 cv.Optional(CONF_TRANSFORM): cv.Schema(
                     {
                         cv.Required(CONF_MIRROR_X): cv.boolean,
@@ -146,22 +150,15 @@ def _final_validate(config):
     global_config = full_config.get()
     from esphome.components.lvgl import DOMAIN as LVGL_DOMAIN
 
-    # If no drawing methods are configured, and LVGL is not enabled, show a test card
-    if (
-        CONF_LAMBDA not in config
-        and CONF_PAGES not in config
-        and LVGL_DOMAIN not in global_config
-    ):
-        config[CONF_SHOW_TEST_CARD] = True
-
-    interval = config[CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL]
-    if interval != SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN:
-        model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
-        minimum = update_interval(model.get_default(CONF_MINIMUM_UPDATE_INTERVAL, "1s"))
-        if interval < minimum:
-            raise cv.Invalid(
-                f"update_interval must be at least {minimum} for {model.name}, got {interval}"
-            )
+    if CONF_LAMBDA not in config and CONF_PAGES not in config:
+        if LVGL_DOMAIN in global_config:
+            if CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL not in config:
+                config[CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL] = update_interval("never")
+        else:
+            # If no drawing methods are configured, and LVGL is not enabled, show a test card
+            config[CONF_SHOW_TEST_CARD] = True
+    elif CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL not in config:
+        config[CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL] = update_interval("1min")
     return config
 
 

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi.h

@@ -76,6 +76,12 @@ class EPaperBase : public Display,
     return 0;
   }
   void fill(Color color) override {
+    // If clipping is active, fall back to base implementation
+    if (this->get_clipping().is_set()) {
+      Display::fill(color);
+      return;
+    }
+
     auto pixel_color = color_to_bit(color) ? 0xFF : 0x00;
 
     // We store 8 pixels per byte

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_spectra_e6.cpp

@@ -97,6 +97,12 @@ void EPaperSpectraE6::deep_sleep() {
 }
 
 void EPaperSpectraE6::fill(Color color) {
+  // If clipping is active, fall back to base implementation
+  if (this->get_clipping().is_set()) {
+    EPaperBase::fill(color);
+    return;
+  }
+
   auto pixel_color = color_to_hex(color);
 
   // We store 2 pixels per byte

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -357,11 +357,12 @@ def _is_framework_url(source: str) -> bool:
 # The default/recommended arduino framework version
 #  - https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/releases
 ARDUINO_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(3, 3, 2),
-    "latest": cv.Version(3, 3, 4),
-    "dev": cv.Version(3, 3, 4),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
+    "latest": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
+    "dev": cv.Version(3, 3, 5),
 }
 ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(3, 3, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
@@ -374,15 +375,33 @@ ARDUINO_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
     cv.Version(3, 1, 1): cv.Version(53, 3, 11),
     cv.Version(3, 1, 0): cv.Version(53, 3, 10),
 }
+# Maps Arduino framework versions to a compatible ESP-IDF version
+# These versions correspond to pioarduino/esp-idf releases
+# See: https://github.com/pioarduino/esp-idf/releases
+ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 5): cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 4): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 3): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 2): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 1): cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
+    cv.Version(3, 3, 0): cv.Version(5, 5, 0),
+    cv.Version(3, 2, 1): cv.Version(5, 4, 2),
+    cv.Version(3, 2, 0): cv.Version(5, 4, 2),
+    cv.Version(3, 1, 3): cv.Version(5, 3, 2),
+    cv.Version(3, 1, 2): cv.Version(5, 3, 2),
+    cv.Version(3, 1, 1): cv.Version(5, 3, 1),
+    cv.Version(3, 1, 0): cv.Version(5, 3, 0),
+}
 
 # The default/recommended esp-idf framework version
 #  - https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/releases
 ESP_IDF_FRAMEWORK_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
-    "latest": cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
-    "dev": cv.Version(5, 5, 1),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
+    "latest": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
+    "dev": cv.Version(5, 5, 2),
 }
 ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
+    cv.Version(5, 5, 2): cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 1): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 5, 0): cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
     cv.Version(5, 4, 3): cv.Version(55, 3, 32),
@@ -399,9 +418,9 @@ ESP_IDF_PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
 # The platform-espressif32 version
 #  - https://github.com/pioarduino/platform-espressif32/releases
 PLATFORM_VERSION_LOOKUP = {
-    "recommended": cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
-    "latest": cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
-    "dev": cv.Version(55, 3, 31, "2"),
+    "recommended": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    "latest": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
+    "dev": cv.Version(55, 3, 35),
 }
 
 
@@ -606,9 +625,6 @@ CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE = "loop_task_stack_size"
 KEY_VFS_SELECT_REQUIRED = "vfs_select_required"
 KEY_VFS_DIR_REQUIRED = "vfs_dir_required"
 
-# Ring buffer IRAM requirement tracking
-KEY_RINGBUF_IN_IRAM = "ringbuf_in_iram"
-
 
 def require_vfs_select() -> None:
     """Mark that VFS select support is required by a component.
@@ -628,17 +644,6 @@ def require_vfs_dir() -> None:
     CORE.data[KEY_VFS_DIR_REQUIRED] = True
 
 
-def enable_ringbuf_in_iram() -> None:
-    """Keep ring buffer functions in IRAM instead of moving them to flash.
-
-    Call this from components that use esphome/core/ring_buffer.cpp and need
-    the ring buffer functions to remain in IRAM for performance reasons
-    (e.g., voice assistants, audio components).
-    This prevents CONFIG_RINGBUF_PLACE_FUNCTIONS_INTO_FLASH from being enabled.
-    """
-    CORE.data[KEY_RINGBUF_IN_IRAM] = True
-
-
 def _parse_idf_component(value: str) -> ConfigType:
     """Parse IDF component shorthand syntax like 'owner/component^version'"""
     # Match operator followed by version-like string (digit or *)
@@ -741,12 +746,14 @@ FRAMEWORK_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
 )
 
 
+# Remove this class in 2026.7.0
 class _FrameworkMigrationWarning:
     shown = False
 
 
 def _show_framework_migration_message(name: str, variant: str) -> None:
-    """Show a friendly message about framework migration when defaulting to Arduino."""
+    """Show a message about the framework default change and how to switch back to Arduino."""
+    # Remove this function in 2026.7.0
     if _FrameworkMigrationWarning.shown:
         return
     _FrameworkMigrationWarning.shown = True
@@ -756,41 +763,27 @@ def _show_framework_migration_message(name: str, variant: str) -> None:
     message = (
         color(
             AnsiFore.BOLD_CYAN,
-            f"💡 IMPORTANT: {name} doesn't have a framework specified!",
+            f"💡 NOTICE: {name} does not have a framework specified.",
         )
         + "\n\n"
-        + f"Currently, {variant} defaults to the Arduino framework.\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.YELLOW, "This will change to ESP-IDF in ESPHome 2026.1.0.\n")
+        + f"Starting with ESPHome 2026.1.0, the default framework for {variant} is ESP-IDF.\n"
+        + "(We've been warning about this change since ESPHome 2025.8.0)\n"
         + "\n"
-        + "Note: Newer ESP32 variants (C6, H2, P4, etc.) already use ESP-IDF by default.\n"
-        + "\n"
-        + "Why change? ESP-IDF offers:\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  ✨ Up to 40% smaller binaries\n")
-        + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  🚀 Better performance and optimization\n")
+        + "Why we made this change:\n"
+        + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  ✨ Up to 40% smaller firmware binaries\n")
         + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  ⚡ 2-3x faster compile times\n")
-        + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  📦 Custom-built firmware for your exact needs\n")
-        + color(
-            AnsiFore.GREEN,
-            "  🔧 Active development and testing by ESPHome developers\n",
-        )
+        + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  🚀 Better performance and newer features\n")
+        + color(AnsiFore.GREEN, "  🔧 More actively maintained by ESPHome\n")
         + "\n"
-        + "Trade-offs:\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.YELLOW, "  🔄 Some components need migration\n")
+        + "To continue using Arduino, add this to your YAML under 'esp32:':\n"
+        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "    framework:\n")
+        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "      type: arduino\n")
         + "\n"
-        + "What should I do?\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.CYAN, "  Option 1")
-        + ": Migrate to ESP-IDF (recommended)\n"
-        + "    Add this to your YAML under 'esp32:':\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "      framework:\n")
-        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "        type: esp-idf\n")
+        + "To silence this message with ESP-IDF, explicitly set:\n"
+        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "    framework:\n")
+        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "      type: esp-idf\n")
         + "\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.CYAN, "  Option 2")
-        + ": Keep using Arduino (still supported)\n"
-        + "    Add this to your YAML under 'esp32:':\n"
-        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "      framework:\n")
-        + color(AnsiFore.WHITE, "        type: arduino\n")
-        + "\n"
-        + "Need help? Check out the migration guide:\n"
+        + "Migration guide: "
         + color(
             AnsiFore.BLUE,
             "https://esphome.io/guides/esp32_arduino_to_idf/",
@@ -805,13 +798,13 @@ def _set_default_framework(config):
         config[CONF_FRAMEWORK] = FRAMEWORK_SCHEMA({})
     if CONF_TYPE not in config[CONF_FRAMEWORK]:
         variant = config[CONF_VARIANT]
+        config[CONF_FRAMEWORK][CONF_TYPE] = FRAMEWORK_ESP_IDF
+        # Show migration message for variants that previously defaulted to Arduino
+        # Remove this message in 2026.7.0
         if variant in ARDUINO_ALLOWED_VARIANTS:
-            config[CONF_FRAMEWORK][CONF_TYPE] = FRAMEWORK_ARDUINO
             _show_framework_migration_message(
                 config.get(CONF_NAME, "This device"), variant
             )
-        else:
-            config[CONF_FRAMEWORK][CONF_TYPE] = FRAMEWORK_ESP_IDF
 
     return config
 
@@ -1005,6 +998,13 @@ async def to_code(config):
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_PSK_MODES", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE", True)
 
+        # Add IDF framework source for Arduino builds to ensure it uses the same version as
+        # the ESP-IDF framework
+        if (idf_ver := ARDUINO_IDF_VERSION_LOOKUP.get(framework_ver)) is not None:
+            cg.add_platformio_option(
+                "platform_packages", [_format_framework_espidf_version(idf_ver, None)]
+            )
+
         # ESP32-S2 Arduino: Disable USB Serial on boot to avoid TinyUSB dependency
         if get_esp32_variant() == VARIANT_ESP32S2:
             cg.add_build_unflag("-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1")
@@ -1041,18 +1041,14 @@ async def to_code(config):
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_FREERTOS_PLACE_FUNCTIONS_INTO_FLASH", True)
 
     # Place ring buffer functions into flash instead of IRAM by default
-    # This saves IRAM but may impact performance for audio/voice components.
-    # Components that need ring buffer in IRAM call enable_ringbuf_in_iram().
-    # Users can also set ringbuf_in_iram: true to force IRAM placement.
-    # In ESP-IDF 6.0 flash placement becomes the default.
-    if conf[CONF_ADVANCED][CONF_RINGBUF_IN_IRAM] or CORE.data.get(
-        KEY_RINGBUF_IN_IRAM, False
-    ):
-        # User config or component requires ring buffer in IRAM for performance
+    # This saves IRAM. In ESP-IDF 6.0 flash placement becomes the default.
+    # Users can set ringbuf_in_iram: true as an escape hatch if they encounter issues.
+    if conf[CONF_ADVANCED][CONF_RINGBUF_IN_IRAM]:
+        # User requests ring buffer in IRAM
         # IDF 6.0+: will need CONFIG_RINGBUF_PLACE_ISR_FUNCTIONS_INTO_FLASH=n
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_RINGBUF_PLACE_ISR_FUNCTIONS_INTO_FLASH", False)
     else:
-        # No component needs it - place in flash to save IRAM
+        # Place in flash to save IRAM (default)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_RINGBUF_PLACE_FUNCTIONS_INTO_FLASH", True)
 
     # Setup watchdog

esphome/components/esp32/boards.py

@@ -1488,6 +1488,10 @@ BOARDS = {
         "name": "Arduino Nano ESP32",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32S3,
     },
+    "arduino_nesso_n1": {
+        "name": "Arduino Nesso-N1",
+        "variant": VARIANT_ESP32C6,
+    },
     "atd147_s3": {
         "name": "ArtronShop ATD1.47-S3",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32S3,
@@ -1656,6 +1660,10 @@ BOARDS = {
         "name": "Espressif ESP32-C6-DevKitM-1",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32C6,
     },
+    "esp32-c61-devkitc1-n8r2": {
+        "name": "Espressif ESP32-C61-DevKitC-1 N8R2 (8 MB Flash Quad, 2 MB PSRAM Quad)",
+        "variant": VARIANT_ESP32C61,
+    },
     "esp32-devkitlipo": {
         "name": "OLIMEX ESP32-DevKit-LiPo",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32,
@@ -1673,11 +1681,15 @@ BOARDS = {
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32H2,
     },
     "esp32-p4": {
-        "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 generic",
+        "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 ES (pre rev.300) generic",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
     },
     "esp32-p4-evboard": {
-        "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 Function EV Board",
+        "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 Function EV Board (ES pre rev.300)",
+        "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
+    },
+    "esp32-p4_r3": {
+        "name": "Espressif ESP32-P4 rev.300 generic",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
     },
     "esp32-pico-devkitm-2": {
@@ -2093,7 +2105,7 @@ BOARDS = {
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32,
     },
     "m5stack-tab5-p4": {
-        "name": "M5STACK Tab5 esp32-p4 Board",
+        "name": "M5STACK Tab5 esp32-p4 Board (ES pre rev.300)",
         "variant": VARIANT_ESP32P4,
     },
     "m5stack-timer-cam": {

esphome/components/esp32/gpio.cpp

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ void ESP32InternalGPIOPin::attach_interrupt(void (*func)(void *), void *arg, gpi
       break;
   }
   gpio_set_intr_type(this->get_pin_num(), idf_type);
+  gpio_intr_enable(this->get_pin_num());
   if (!isr_service_installed) {
     auto res = gpio_install_isr_service(ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL3);
     if (res != ESP_OK) {
@@ -94,7 +95,6 @@ void ESP32InternalGPIOPin::attach_interrupt(void (*func)(void *), void *arg, gpi
     isr_service_installed = true;
   }
   gpio_isr_handler_add(this->get_pin_num(), func, arg);
-  gpio_intr_enable(this->get_pin_num());
 }
 
 std::string ESP32InternalGPIOPin::dump_summary() const {

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.cpp

@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ extern "C" {
 #include <nvs_flash.h>
 
 #ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-#include <esp32-hal-bt.h>
+// Prevent Arduino from releasing BT memory at startup (esp32-hal-misc.c).
+// Without this, esp_bt_controller_init() fails with ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE.
+extern "C" bool btInUse() { return true; }  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
 #endif
 
 namespace esphome::esp32_ble {
@@ -96,10 +98,6 @@ void ESP32BLE::advertising_set_service_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
 }
 
 void ESP32BLE::advertising_set_manufacturer_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
-  this->advertising_set_manufacturer_data(std::span<const uint8_t>(data));
-}
-
-void ESP32BLE::advertising_set_manufacturer_data(std::span<const uint8_t> data) {
   this->advertising_init_();
   this->advertising_->set_manufacturer_data(data);
   this->advertising_start();
@@ -169,12 +167,6 @@ void ESP32BLE::advertising_init_() {
 bool ESP32BLE::ble_setup_() {
   esp_err_t err;
 #ifndef CONFIG_ESP_HOSTED_ENABLE_BT_BLUEDROID
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-  if (!btStart()) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "btStart failed: %d", esp_bt_controller_get_status());
-    return false;
-  }
-#else
   if (esp_bt_controller_get_status() != ESP_BT_CONTROLLER_STATUS_ENABLED) {
     // start bt controller
     if (esp_bt_controller_get_status() == ESP_BT_CONTROLLER_STATUS_IDLE) {
@@ -199,7 +191,6 @@ bool ESP32BLE::ble_setup_() {
       return false;
     }
   }
-#endif
 
   esp_bt_controller_mem_release(ESP_BT_MODE_CLASSIC_BT);
 #else
@@ -338,12 +329,6 @@ bool ESP32BLE::ble_dismantle_() {
   }
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_ESP_HOSTED_ENABLE_BT_BLUEDROID
-#ifdef USE_ARDUINO
-  if (!btStop()) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "btStop failed: %d", esp_bt_controller_get_status());
-    return false;
-  }
-#else
   if (esp_bt_controller_get_status() != ESP_BT_CONTROLLER_STATUS_IDLE) {
     // stop bt controller
     if (esp_bt_controller_get_status() == ESP_BT_CONTROLLER_STATUS_ENABLED) {
@@ -367,7 +352,6 @@ bool ESP32BLE::ble_dismantle_() {
       return false;
     }
   }
-#endif
 #else
   if (esp_hosted_bt_controller_disable() != ESP_OK) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "esp_hosted_bt_controller_disable failed");

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.h

@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ class ESP32BLE : public Component {
   void advertising_start();
   void advertising_set_service_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
   void advertising_set_manufacturer_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
-  void advertising_set_manufacturer_data(std::span<const uint8_t> data);
   void advertising_set_appearance(uint16_t appearance) { this->appearance_ = appearance; }
   void advertising_set_service_data_and_name(std::span<const uint8_t> data, bool include_name);
   void advertising_add_service_uuid(ESPBTUUID uuid);

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_advertising.cpp

@@ -59,10 +59,6 @@ void BLEAdvertising::set_service_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
 }
 
 void BLEAdvertising::set_manufacturer_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
-  this->set_manufacturer_data(std::span<const uint8_t>(data));
-}
-
-void BLEAdvertising::set_manufacturer_data(std::span<const uint8_t> data) {
   delete[] this->advertising_data_.p_manufacturer_data;
   this->advertising_data_.p_manufacturer_data = nullptr;
   this->advertising_data_.manufacturer_len = data.size();

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_advertising.h

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ class BLEAdvertising {
   void set_scan_response(bool scan_response) { this->scan_response_ = scan_response; }
   void set_min_preferred_interval(uint16_t interval) { this->advertising_data_.min_interval = interval; }
   void set_manufacturer_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
-  void set_manufacturer_data(std::span<const uint8_t> data);
   void set_appearance(uint16_t appearance) { this->advertising_data_.appearance = appearance; }
   void set_service_data(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data);
   void set_service_data(std::span<const uint8_t> data);

esphome/components/esp32_ble_beacon/esp32_ble_beacon.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "esp32_ble_beacon.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble_server/ble_server_automations.cpp

@@ -15,10 +15,7 @@ Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint16_t> *BLETriggers::create_characteristic_on_w
   Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint16_t> *on_write_trigger =  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory)
       new Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint16_t>();
   characteristic->on_write([on_write_trigger](std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint16_t id) {
-    // Convert span to vector for trigger - copy is necessary because:
-    // 1. Trigger stores the data for use in automation actions that execute later
-    // 2. The span is only valid during this callback (points to temporary BLE stack data)
-    // 3. User lambdas in automations need persistent data they can access asynchronously
+    // Convert span to vector for trigger
     on_write_trigger->trigger(std::vector<uint8_t>(data.begin(), data.end()), id);
   });
   return on_write_trigger;
@@ -30,10 +27,7 @@ Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint16_t> *BLETriggers::create_descriptor_on_write
   Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint16_t> *on_write_trigger =  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory)
       new Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint16_t>();
   descriptor->on_write([on_write_trigger](std::span<const uint8_t> data, uint16_t id) {
-    // Convert span to vector for trigger - copy is necessary because:
-    // 1. Trigger stores the data for use in automation actions that execute later
-    // 2. The span is only valid during this callback (points to temporary BLE stack data)
-    // 3. User lambdas in automations need persistent data they can access asynchronously
+    // Convert span to vector for trigger
     on_write_trigger->trigger(std::vector<uint8_t>(data.begin(), data.end()), id);
   });
   return on_write_trigger;

esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/esp32_ble_tracker.cpp

@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ namespace esphome::esp32_ble_tracker {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "esp32_ble_tracker";
 
+// BLE advertisement max: 31 bytes adv data + 31 bytes scan response
+static constexpr size_t BLE_ADV_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 62;
+
 ESP32BLETracker *global_esp32_ble_tracker = nullptr;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
 
 const char *client_state_to_string(ClientState state) {
@@ -445,6 +448,7 @@ void ESPBTDevice::parse_scan_rst(const BLEScanResult &scan_result) {
     uuid.to_str(uuid_buf);
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Service UUID: %s", uuid_buf);
   }
+  char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(BLE_ADV_MAX_LOG_BYTES)];
   for (auto &data : this->manufacturer_datas_) {
     auto ibeacon = ESPBLEiBeacon::from_manufacturer_data(data);
     if (ibeacon.has_value()) {
@@ -458,7 +462,8 @@ void ESPBTDevice::parse_scan_rst(const BLEScanResult &scan_result) {
     } else {
       char uuid_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
       data.uuid.to_str(uuid_buf);
-      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Manufacturer ID: %s, data: %s", uuid_buf, format_hex_pretty(data.data).c_str());
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Manufacturer ID: %s, data: %s", uuid_buf,
+                format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data.data.data(), data.data.size()));
     }
   }
   for (auto &data : this->service_datas_) {
@@ -466,11 +471,11 @@ void ESPBTDevice::parse_scan_rst(const BLEScanResult &scan_result) {
     char uuid_buf[esp32_ble::UUID_STR_LEN];
     data.uuid.to_str(uuid_buf);
     ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "    UUID: %s", uuid_buf);
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "    Data: %s", format_hex_pretty(data.data).c_str());
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "    Data: %s", format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data.data.data(), data.data.size()));
   }
 
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "  Adv data: %s",
-            format_hex_pretty(scan_result.ble_adv, scan_result.adv_data_len + scan_result.scan_rsp_len).c_str());
+            format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, scan_result.ble_adv, scan_result.adv_data_len + scan_result.scan_rsp_len));
 #endif
 }
 

esphome/components/esp8266/__init__.py

@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_define(ThreadModel.SINGLE)
 
     cg.add_platformio_option(
-        "extra_scripts", ["pre:testing_mode.py", "post:post_build.py"]
+        "extra_scripts",
+        ["pre:testing_mode.py", "pre:exclude_updater.py", "post:post_build.py"],
     )
 
     conf = config[CONF_FRAMEWORK]
@@ -278,3 +279,8 @@ def copy_files():
         testing_mode_file,
         CORE.relative_build_path("testing_mode.py"),
     )
+    exclude_updater_file = dir / "exclude_updater.py.script"
+    copy_file_if_changed(
+        exclude_updater_file,
+        CORE.relative_build_path("exclude_updater.py"),
+    )

esphome/components/esp8266/exclude_updater.py.script

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# pylint: disable=E0602
+Import("env")  # noqa
+
+import os
+
+# Filter out Updater.cpp from the Arduino core build
+# This saves 228 bytes of .bss by not instantiating the global Update object
+# ESPHome uses its own native OTA backend instead
+
+
+def filter_updater_from_core(env, node):
+    """Filter callback to exclude Updater.cpp from framework build."""
+    path = node.get_path()
+    if path.endswith("Updater.cpp"):
+        print(f"ESPHome: Excluding {os.path.basename(path)} from build (using native OTA backend)")
+        return None
+    return node
+
+
+# Apply the filter to framework sources
+env.AddBuildMiddleware(filter_updater_from_core, "**/cores/esp8266/Updater.cpp")

esphome/components/esp_ldo/__init__.py

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             }
         )
     ),
-    cv.only_with_esp_idf,
+    cv.only_on_esp32,
     only_on_variant(supported=[VARIANT_ESP32P4]),
 )
 

esphome/components/esphome/ota/__init__.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_SAFE_MODE,
     CONF_VERSION,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE, coroutine_with_priority
+from esphome.core import coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.coroutine import CoroPriority
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
@@ -28,17 +28,7 @@ CODEOWNERS = ["@esphome/core"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["network"]
 
 
-def supports_sha256() -> bool:
-    """Check if the current platform supports SHA256 for OTA authentication."""
-    return bool(CORE.is_esp32 or CORE.is_esp8266 or CORE.is_rp2040 or CORE.is_libretiny)
-
-
-def AUTO_LOAD() -> list[str]:
-    """Conditionally auto-load sha256 only on platforms that support it."""
-    base_components = ["md5", "socket"]
-    if supports_sha256():
-        return base_components + ["sha256"]
-    return base_components
+AUTO_LOAD = ["sha256", "socket"]
 
 
 esphome = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esphome")
@@ -155,11 +145,6 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     if config.get(CONF_PASSWORD):
         cg.add(var.set_auth_password(config[CONF_PASSWORD]))
         cg.add_define("USE_OTA_PASSWORD")
-        # Only include hash algorithms when password is configured
-        cg.add_define("USE_OTA_MD5")
-        # Only include SHA256 support on platforms that have it
-        if supports_sha256():
-            cg.add_define("USE_OTA_SHA256")
     cg.add_define("USE_OTA_VERSION", config[CONF_VERSION])
 
     await cg.register_component(var, config)

esphome/components/esphome/ota/ota_esphome.cpp

@@ -1,16 +1,11 @@
 #include "ota_esphome.h"
 #ifdef USE_OTA
 #ifdef USE_OTA_PASSWORD
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-#include "esphome/components/md5/md5.h"
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
 #include "esphome/components/sha256/sha256.h"
 #endif
-#endif
 #include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend.h"
-#include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_arduino_esp8266.h"
+#include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_esp8266.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_arduino_libretiny.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_arduino_rp2040.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_esp_idf.h"
@@ -31,15 +26,6 @@ static constexpr size_t OTA_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;                  // buffer size
 static constexpr uint32_t OTA_SOCKET_TIMEOUT_HANDSHAKE = 20000;  // milliseconds for initial handshake
 static constexpr uint32_t OTA_SOCKET_TIMEOUT_DATA = 90000;       // milliseconds for data transfer
 
-#ifdef USE_OTA_PASSWORD
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-static constexpr size_t MD5_HEX_SIZE = 32;  // MD5 hash as hex string (16 bytes * 2)
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
-static constexpr size_t SHA256_HEX_SIZE = 64;  // SHA256 hash as hex string (32 bytes * 2)
-#endif
-#endif  // USE_OTA_PASSWORD
-
 void ESPHomeOTAComponent::setup() {
   this->server_ = socket::socket_ip_loop_monitored(SOCK_STREAM, 0);  // monitored for incoming connections
   if (this->server_ == nullptr) {
@@ -108,15 +94,7 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::loop() {
 }
 
 static const uint8_t FEATURE_SUPPORTS_COMPRESSION = 0x01;
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
 static const uint8_t FEATURE_SUPPORTS_SHA256_AUTH = 0x02;
-#endif
-
-// Temporary flag to allow MD5 downgrade for ~3 versions (until 2026.1.0)
-// This allows users to downgrade via OTA if they encounter issues after updating.
-// Without this, users would need to do a serial flash to downgrade.
-// TODO: Remove this flag and all associated code in 2026.1.0
-#define ALLOW_OTA_DOWNGRADE_MD5
 
 void ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_handshake_() {
   /// Handle the OTA handshake and authentication.
@@ -547,26 +525,8 @@ void ESPHomeOTAComponent::yield_and_feed_watchdog_() {
 void ESPHomeOTAComponent::log_auth_warning_(const LogString *msg) { ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Auth: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(msg)); }
 
 bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::select_auth_type_() {
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
   bool client_supports_sha256 = (this->ota_features_ & FEATURE_SUPPORTS_SHA256_AUTH) != 0;
 
-#ifdef ALLOW_OTA_DOWNGRADE_MD5
-  // Allow fallback to MD5 if client doesn't support SHA256
-  if (client_supports_sha256) {
-    this->auth_type_ = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_SHA256_AUTH;
-    return true;
-  }
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-  this->log_auth_warning_(LOG_STR("Using deprecated MD5"));
-  this->auth_type_ = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_AUTH;
-  return true;
-#else
-  this->log_auth_warning_(LOG_STR("SHA256 required"));
-  this->send_error_and_cleanup_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_ERROR_AUTH_INVALID);
-  return false;
-#endif  // USE_OTA_MD5
-
-#else   // !ALLOW_OTA_DOWNGRADE_MD5
   // Require SHA256
   if (!client_supports_sha256) {
     this->log_auth_warning_(LOG_STR("SHA256 required"));
@@ -575,20 +535,6 @@ bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::select_auth_type_() {
   }
   this->auth_type_ = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_SHA256_AUTH;
   return true;
-#endif  // ALLOW_OTA_DOWNGRADE_MD5
-
-#else  // !USE_OTA_SHA256
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-  // Only MD5 available
-  this->auth_type_ = ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_AUTH;
-  return true;
-#else
-  // No auth methods available
-  this->log_auth_warning_(LOG_STR("No auth methods available"));
-  this->send_error_and_cleanup_(ota::OTA_RESPONSE_ERROR_AUTH_INVALID);
-  return false;
-#endif  // USE_OTA_MD5
-#endif  // USE_OTA_SHA256
 }
 
 bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_send_() {
@@ -612,31 +558,12 @@ bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_send_() {
     //   [1+hex_size...1+2*hex_size-1]: cnonce (hex_size bytes) - client's nonce
     //   [1+2*hex_size...1+3*hex_size-1]: response (hex_size bytes) - client's hash
 
-    // Declare both hash objects in same stack frame, use pointer to select.
-    // NOTE: Both objects are declared here even though only one is used. This is REQUIRED for ESP32-S3
-    // hardware SHA acceleration - the object must exist in this stack frame for all operations.
-    // Do NOT try to "optimize" by creating the object inside the if block, as it would go out of scope.
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
-    sha256::SHA256 sha_hasher;
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-    md5::MD5Digest md5_hasher;
-#endif
-    HashBase *hasher = nullptr;
+    // CRITICAL ESP32-S3 HARDWARE SHA ACCELERATION: Hash object must stay in same stack frame
+    // (no passing to other functions). All hash operations must happen in this function.
+    sha256::SHA256 hasher;
 
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
-    if (this->auth_type_ == ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_SHA256_AUTH) {
-      hasher = &sha_hasher;
-    }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-    if (this->auth_type_ == ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_AUTH) {
-      hasher = &md5_hasher;
-    }
-#endif
-
-    const size_t hex_size = hasher->get_size() * 2;
-    const size_t nonce_len = hasher->get_size() / 4;
+    const size_t hex_size = hasher.get_size() * 2;
+    const size_t nonce_len = hasher.get_size() / 4;
     const size_t auth_buf_size = 1 + 3 * hex_size;
     this->auth_buf_ = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(auth_buf_size);
     this->auth_buf_pos_ = 0;
@@ -648,22 +575,17 @@ bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_send_() {
       return false;
     }
 
-    hasher->init();
-    hasher->add(buf, nonce_len);
-    hasher->calculate();
+    hasher.init();
+    hasher.add(buf, nonce_len);
+    hasher.calculate();
     this->auth_buf_[0] = this->auth_type_;
-    hasher->get_hex(buf);
+    hasher.get_hex(buf);
 
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-    char log_buf[65];  // Fixed size for SHA256 hex (64) + null, works for MD5 (32) too
-    memcpy(log_buf, buf, hex_size);
-    log_buf[hex_size] = '\0';
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: Nonce is %s", log_buf);
-#endif
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: Nonce is %.*s", hex_size, buf);
   }
 
   // Try to write auth_type + nonce
-  size_t hex_size = this->get_auth_hex_size_();
+  constexpr size_t hex_size = SHA256_HEX_SIZE;
   const size_t to_write = 1 + hex_size;
   size_t remaining = to_write - this->auth_buf_pos_;
 
@@ -685,7 +607,7 @@ bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_send_() {
 }
 
 bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_read_() {
-  size_t hex_size = this->get_auth_hex_size_();
+  constexpr size_t hex_size = SHA256_HEX_SIZE;
   const size_t to_read = hex_size * 2;  // CNonce + Response
 
   // Try to read remaining bytes (CNonce + Response)
@@ -710,55 +632,25 @@ bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_read_() {
   const char *cnonce = nonce + hex_size;
   const char *response = cnonce + hex_size;
 
-  // CRITICAL ESP32-S3: Hash objects must stay in same stack frame (no passing to other functions).
-  // Declare both hash objects in same stack frame, use pointer to select.
-  // NOTE: Both objects are declared here even though only one is used. This is REQUIRED for ESP32-S3
-  // hardware SHA acceleration - the object must exist in this stack frame for all operations.
-  // Do NOT try to "optimize" by creating the object inside the if block, as it would go out of scope.
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
-  sha256::SHA256 sha_hasher;
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-  md5::MD5Digest md5_hasher;
-#endif
-  HashBase *hasher = nullptr;
+  // CRITICAL ESP32-S3 HARDWARE SHA ACCELERATION: Hash object must stay in same stack frame
+  // (no passing to other functions). All hash operations must happen in this function.
+  sha256::SHA256 hasher;
 
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
-  if (this->auth_type_ == ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_SHA256_AUTH) {
-    hasher = &sha_hasher;
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-  if (this->auth_type_ == ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_AUTH) {
-    hasher = &md5_hasher;
-  }
-#endif
-
-  hasher->init();
-  hasher->add(this->password_.c_str(), this->password_.length());
-  hasher->add(nonce, hex_size * 2);  // Add both nonce and cnonce (contiguous in buffer)
-  hasher->calculate();
+  hasher.init();
+  hasher.add(this->password_.c_str(), this->password_.length());
+  hasher.add(nonce, hex_size * 2);  // Add both nonce and cnonce (contiguous in buffer)
+  hasher.calculate();
 
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: CNonce is %.*s", hex_size, cnonce);
 #if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-  char log_buf[65];  // Fixed size for SHA256 hex (64) + null, works for MD5 (32) too
-  // Log CNonce
-  memcpy(log_buf, cnonce, hex_size);
-  log_buf[hex_size] = '\0';
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: CNonce is %s", log_buf);
-
-  // Log computed hash
-  hasher->get_hex(log_buf);
-  log_buf[hex_size] = '\0';
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: Result is %s", log_buf);
-
-  // Log received response
-  memcpy(log_buf, response, hex_size);
-  log_buf[hex_size] = '\0';
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: Response is %s", log_buf);
+  char computed_hash[SHA256_HEX_SIZE + 1];  // Buffer for hex-encoded hash (max expected length + null terminator)
+  hasher.get_hex(computed_hash);
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: Result is %.*s", hex_size, computed_hash);
 #endif
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Auth: Response is %.*s", hex_size, response);
 
   // Compare response
-  bool matches = hasher->equals_hex(response);
+  bool matches = hasher.equals_hex(response);
 
   if (!matches) {
     this->log_auth_warning_(LOG_STR("Password mismatch"));
@@ -772,21 +664,6 @@ bool ESPHomeOTAComponent::handle_auth_read_() {
   return true;
 }
 
-size_t ESPHomeOTAComponent::get_auth_hex_size_() const {
-#ifdef USE_OTA_SHA256
-  if (this->auth_type_ == ota::OTA_RESPONSE_REQUEST_SHA256_AUTH) {
-    return SHA256_HEX_SIZE;
-  }
-#endif
-#ifdef USE_OTA_MD5
-  return MD5_HEX_SIZE;
-#else
-#ifndef USE_OTA_SHA256
-#error "Either USE_OTA_MD5 or USE_OTA_SHA256 must be defined when USE_OTA_PASSWORD is enabled"
-#endif
-#endif
-}
-
 void ESPHomeOTAComponent::cleanup_auth_() {
   this->auth_buf_ = nullptr;
   this->auth_buf_pos_ = 0;

esphome/components/esphome/ota/ota_esphome.h

@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ class ESPHomeOTAComponent : public ota::OTAComponent {
   void handle_handshake_();
   void handle_data_();
 #ifdef USE_OTA_PASSWORD
+  static constexpr size_t SHA256_HEX_SIZE = 64;  // SHA256 hash as hex string (32 bytes * 2)
   bool handle_auth_send_();
   bool handle_auth_read_();
   bool select_auth_type_();
-  size_t get_auth_hex_size_() const;
   void cleanup_auth_();
   void log_auth_warning_(const LogString *msg);
 #endif  // USE_OTA_PASSWORD

esphome/components/espnow/espnow_component.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 #include <esp_event.h>
@@ -299,9 +300,10 @@ void ESPNowComponent::loop() {
         // Intentionally left as if instead of else in case the peer is added above
         if (esp_now_is_peer_exist(info.src_addr)) {
 #if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+          char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(ESP_NOW_MAX_DATA_LEN)];
           ESP_LOGV(TAG, "<<< [%s -> %s] %s", format_mac_address_pretty(info.src_addr).c_str(),
                    format_mac_address_pretty(info.des_addr).c_str(),
-                   format_hex_pretty(packet->packet_.receive.data, packet->packet_.receive.size).c_str());
+                   format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, packet->packet_.receive.data, packet->packet_.receive.size));
 #endif
           if (memcmp(info.des_addr, ESPNOW_BROADCAST_ADDR, ESP_NOW_ETH_ALEN) == 0) {
             for (auto *handler : this->broadcasted_handlers_) {

esphome/components/ethernet/ethernet_component.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "ethernet_component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/util.h"
 
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ namespace ethernet {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "ethernet";
 
+// PHY register size for hex logging
+static constexpr size_t PHY_REG_SIZE = 2;
+
 EthernetComponent *global_eth_component;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
 
 void EthernetComponent::log_error_and_mark_failed_(esp_err_t err, const char *message) {
@@ -644,6 +648,12 @@ void EthernetComponent::dump_connect_params_() {
     dns_ip2 = dns_getserver(1);
   }
 
+  // Use stack buffers for IP address formatting to avoid heap allocations
+  char ip_buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  char subnet_buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  char gateway_buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  char dns1_buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  char dns2_buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE];
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "  IP Address: %s\n"
                 "  Hostname: '%s'\n"
@@ -651,9 +661,9 @@ void EthernetComponent::dump_connect_params_() {
                 "  Gateway: %s\n"
                 "  DNS1: %s\n"
                 "  DNS2: %s",
-                network::IPAddress(&ip.ip).str().c_str(), App.get_name().c_str(),
-                network::IPAddress(&ip.netmask).str().c_str(), network::IPAddress(&ip.gw).str().c_str(),
-                network::IPAddress(dns_ip1).str().c_str(), network::IPAddress(dns_ip2).str().c_str());
+                network::IPAddress(&ip.ip).str_to(ip_buf), App.get_name().c_str(),
+                network::IPAddress(&ip.netmask).str_to(subnet_buf), network::IPAddress(&ip.gw).str_to(gateway_buf),
+                network::IPAddress(dns_ip1).str_to(dns1_buf), network::IPAddress(dns_ip2).str_to(dns2_buf));
 
 #if USE_NETWORK_IPV6
   struct esp_ip6_addr if_ip6s[CONFIG_LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES];
@@ -665,12 +675,13 @@ void EthernetComponent::dump_connect_params_() {
   }
 #endif /* USE_NETWORK_IPV6 */
 
+  char mac_buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
                 "  MAC Address: %s\n"
                 "  Is Full Duplex: %s\n"
                 "  Link Speed: %u",
-                this->get_eth_mac_address_pretty().c_str(), YESNO(this->get_duplex_mode() == ETH_DUPLEX_FULL),
-                this->get_link_speed() == ETH_SPEED_100M ? 100 : 10);
+                this->get_eth_mac_address_pretty_into_buffer(mac_buf),
+                YESNO(this->get_duplex_mode() == ETH_DUPLEX_FULL), this->get_link_speed() == ETH_SPEED_100M ? 100 : 10);
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_ETHERNET_SPI
@@ -711,11 +722,16 @@ void EthernetComponent::get_eth_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac) {
 }
 
 std::string EthernetComponent::get_eth_mac_address_pretty() {
+  char buf[MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  return std::string(this->get_eth_mac_address_pretty_into_buffer(buf));
+}
+
+const char *EthernetComponent::get_eth_mac_address_pretty_into_buffer(
+    std::span<char, MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE> buf) {
   uint8_t mac[6];
   get_eth_mac_address_raw(mac);
-  char buf[18];
-  format_mac_addr_upper(mac, buf);
-  return std::string(buf);
+  format_mac_addr_upper(mac, buf.data());
+  return buf.data();
 }
 
 eth_duplex_t EthernetComponent::get_duplex_mode() {
@@ -761,7 +777,10 @@ void EthernetComponent::ksz8081_set_clock_reference_(esp_eth_mac_t *mac) {
   uint32_t phy_control_2;
   err = mac->read_phy_reg(mac, this->phy_addr_, KSZ80XX_PC2R_REG_ADDR, &(phy_control_2));
   ESPHL_ERROR_CHECK(err, "Read PHY Control 2 failed");
-  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "KSZ8081 PHY Control 2: %s", format_hex_pretty((u_int8_t *) &phy_control_2, 2).c_str());
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
+  char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(PHY_REG_SIZE)];
+#endif
+  ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "KSZ8081 PHY Control 2: %s", format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, (uint8_t *) &phy_control_2, PHY_REG_SIZE));
 
   /*
    * Bit 7 is `RMII Reference Clock Select`. Default is `0`.
@@ -778,7 +797,8 @@ void EthernetComponent::ksz8081_set_clock_reference_(esp_eth_mac_t *mac) {
     ESPHL_ERROR_CHECK(err, "Write PHY Control 2 failed");
     err = mac->read_phy_reg(mac, this->phy_addr_, KSZ80XX_PC2R_REG_ADDR, &(phy_control_2));
     ESPHL_ERROR_CHECK(err, "Read PHY Control 2 failed");
-    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "KSZ8081 PHY Control 2: %s", format_hex_pretty((u_int8_t *) &phy_control_2, 2).c_str());
+    ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "KSZ8081 PHY Control 2: %s",
+              format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, (uint8_t *) &phy_control_2, PHY_REG_SIZE));
   }
 }
 #endif  // USE_ETHERNET_KSZ8081

esphome/components/ethernet/ethernet_component.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/components/network/ip_address.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ class EthernetComponent : public Component {
   void set_use_address(const char *use_address);
   void get_eth_mac_address_raw(uint8_t *mac);
   std::string get_eth_mac_address_pretty();
+  const char *get_eth_mac_address_pretty_into_buffer(std::span<char, MAC_ADDRESS_PRETTY_BUFFER_SIZE> buf);
   eth_duplex_t get_duplex_mode();
   eth_speed_t get_link_speed();
   bool powerdown();

esphome/components/ethernet_info/ethernet_info_text_sensor.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace ethernet_info {
+namespace esphome::ethernet_info {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "ethernet_info";
 
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ void IPAddressEthernetInfo::dump_config() { LOG_TEXT_SENSOR("", "EthernetInfo IP
 void DNSAddressEthernetInfo::dump_config() { LOG_TEXT_SENSOR("", "EthernetInfo DNS Address", this); }
 void MACAddressEthernetInfo::dump_config() { LOG_TEXT_SENSOR("", "EthernetInfo MAC Address", this); }
 
-}  // namespace ethernet_info
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::ethernet_info
 
 #endif  // USE_ESP32

esphome/components/ethernet_info/ethernet_info_text_sensor.h

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
-namespace esphome {
-namespace ethernet_info {
+namespace esphome::ethernet_info {
 
 class IPAddressEthernetInfo : public PollingComponent, public text_sensor::TextSensor {
  public:
@@ -40,21 +39,27 @@ class IPAddressEthernetInfo : public PollingComponent, public text_sensor::TextS
 class DNSAddressEthernetInfo : public PollingComponent, public text_sensor::TextSensor {
  public:
   void update() override {
-    auto dns_one = ethernet::global_eth_component->get_dns_address(0);
-    auto dns_two = ethernet::global_eth_component->get_dns_address(1);
+    auto dns1 = ethernet::global_eth_component->get_dns_address(0);
+    auto dns2 = ethernet::global_eth_component->get_dns_address(1);
 
-    std::string dns_results = dns_one.str() + " " + dns_two.str();
-
-    if (dns_results != this->last_results_) {
-      this->last_results_ = dns_results;
-      this->publish_state(dns_results);
+    if (dns1 != this->last_dns1_ || dns2 != this->last_dns2_) {
+      this->last_dns1_ = dns1;
+      this->last_dns2_ = dns2;
+      // IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE (40) = max IP (39) + null; space reuses first null's slot
+      char buf[network::IP_ADDRESS_BUFFER_SIZE * 2];
+      dns1.str_to(buf);
+      size_t len1 = strlen(buf);
+      buf[len1] = ' ';
+      dns2.str_to(buf + len1 + 1);
+      this->publish_state(buf);
     }
   }
   float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::ETHERNET; }
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:
-  std::string last_results_;
+  network::IPAddress last_dns1_;
+  network::IPAddress last_dns2_;
 };
 
 class MACAddressEthernetInfo : public Component, public text_sensor::TextSensor {
@@ -64,7 +69,6 @@ class MACAddressEthernetInfo : public Component, public text_sensor::TextSensor
   void dump_config() override;
 };
 
-}  // namespace ethernet_info
-}  // namespace esphome
+}  // namespace esphome::ethernet_info
 
 #endif  // USE_ESP32

esphome/components/fan/fan.cpp

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ void FanCall::validate_() {
   auto traits = this->parent_.get_traits();
 
   if (this->speed_.has_value()) {
-    this->speed_ = clamp(*this->speed_, 1, static_cast<int>(traits.supported_speed_count()));
+    this->speed_ = clamp(*this->speed_, 1, traits.supported_speed_count());
 
     // https://developers.home-assistant.io/docs/core/entity/fan/#preset-modes
     // "Manually setting a speed must disable any set preset mode"

esphome/components/fan/fan_traits.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace fan {
 class FanTraits {
  public:
   FanTraits() = default;
-  FanTraits(bool oscillation, bool speed, bool direction, uint8_t speed_count)
+  FanTraits(bool oscillation, bool speed, bool direction, int speed_count)
       : oscillation_(oscillation), speed_(speed), direction_(direction), speed_count_(speed_count) {}
 
   /// Return if this fan supports oscillation.
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ class FanTraits {
   /// Set whether this fan supports speed levels.
   void set_speed(bool speed) { this->speed_ = speed; }
   /// Return how many speed levels the fan has
-  uint8_t supported_speed_count() const { return this->speed_count_; }
+  int supported_speed_count() const { return this->speed_count_; }
   /// Set how many speed levels this fan has.
-  void set_supported_speed_count(uint8_t speed_count) { this->speed_count_ = speed_count; }
+  void set_supported_speed_count(int speed_count) { this->speed_count_ = speed_count; }
   /// Return if this fan supports changing direction
   bool supports_direction() const { return this->direction_; }
   /// Set whether this fan supports changing direction
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class FanTraits {
   bool oscillation_{false};
   bool speed_{false};
   bool direction_{false};
-  uint8_t speed_count_{};
+  int speed_count_{};
   std::vector<const char *> preset_modes_{};
 };
 

esphome/components/hbridge/fan/__init__.py

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
             cv.Optional(CONF_DECAY_MODE, default="SLOW"): cv.enum(
                 DECAY_MODE_OPTIONS, upper=True
             ),
-            cv.Optional(CONF_SPEED_COUNT, default=100): cv.int_range(min=1, max=255),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_SPEED_COUNT, default=100): cv.int_range(min=1),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ENABLE_PIN): cv.use_id(output.FloatOutput),
             cv.Optional(CONF_PRESET_MODES): validate_preset_modes,
         }

esphome/components/hbridge/fan/hbridge_fan.h

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ enum DecayMode {
 
 class HBridgeFan : public Component, public fan::Fan {
  public:
-  HBridgeFan(uint8_t speed_count, DecayMode decay_mode) : speed_count_(speed_count), decay_mode_(decay_mode) {}
+  HBridgeFan(int speed_count, DecayMode decay_mode) : speed_count_(speed_count), decay_mode_(decay_mode) {}
 
   void set_pin_a(output::FloatOutput *pin_a) { pin_a_ = pin_a; }
   void set_pin_b(output::FloatOutput *pin_b) { pin_b_ = pin_b; }
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class HBridgeFan : public Component, public fan::Fan {
   output::FloatOutput *pin_b_;
   output::FloatOutput *enable_{nullptr};
   output::BinaryOutput *oscillating_{nullptr};
-  uint8_t speed_count_{};
+  int speed_count_{};
   DecayMode decay_mode_{DECAY_MODE_SLOW};
   fan::FanTraits traits_;
   std::vector<const char *> preset_modes_{};

esphome/components/hlk_fm22x/hlk_fm22x.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ namespace esphome::hlk_fm22x {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "hlk_fm22x";
 
+// Maximum response size is 36 bytes (VERIFY reply: face_id + 32-byte name)
+static constexpr size_t HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE = 36;
+
 void HlkFm22xComponent::setup() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Setting up HLK-FM22X...");
   this->set_enrolling_(false);
@@ -142,7 +145,10 @@ void HlkFm22xComponent::recv_command_() {
     data.push_back(byte);
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Recv type: 0x%.2X, data: %s", response_type, format_hex_pretty(data).c_str());
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+  char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(HLK_FM22X_MAX_RESPONSE_SIZE)];
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Recv type: 0x%.2X, data: %s", response_type, format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, data.data(), data.size()));
+#endif
 
   byte = this->read();
   if (byte != checksum) {

esphome/components/hmac_md5/hmac_md5.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class HmacMD5 {
   void get_bytes(uint8_t *output);
 
   /// Retrieve the HMAC-MD5 digest as hex characters.
-  /// The output must be able to hold 32 bytes or more.
+  /// The output must be able to hold 33 bytes or more (32 hex chars + null terminator).
   void get_hex(char *output);
 
   /// Compare the digest against a provided byte-encoded digest (16 bytes).

esphome/components/hmac_sha256/hmac_sha256.h

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class HmacSHA256 {
   void get_bytes(uint8_t *output);
 
   /// Retrieve the HMAC-SHA256 digest as hex characters.
-  /// The output must be able to hold 64 bytes or more.
+  /// The output must be able to hold 65 bytes or more (64 hex chars + null terminator).
   void get_hex(char *output);
 
   /// Compare the digest against a provided byte-encoded digest (32 bytes).

esphome/components/http_request/ota/ota_http_request.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include "esphome/components/md5/md5.h"
 #include "esphome/components/watchdog/watchdog.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend.h"
-#include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_arduino_esp8266.h"
+#include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_esp8266.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_arduino_rp2040.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ota/ota_backend_esp_idf.h"
 

esphome/components/hub75/hub75.cpp

@@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ void HOT HUB75Display::draw_pixel_at(int x, int y, Color color) {
   if (x >= this->get_width_internal() || x < 0 || y >= this->get_height_internal() || y < 0) [[unlikely]]
     return;
 
+  if (!this->get_clipping().inside(x, y))
+    return;
+
   driver_->set_pixel(x, y, color.r, color.g, color.b);
   App.feed_wdt();
 }

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_arduino.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ namespace i2c {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "i2c.arduino";
 
+// Maximum bytes to log in hex format (truncates larger transfers)
+static constexpr size_t I2C_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 32;
+
 void ArduinoI2CBus::setup() {
   recover_();
 
@@ -107,7 +110,10 @@ ErrorCode ArduinoI2CBus::write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffe
     return ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED;
   }
 
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "0x%02X TX %s", address, format_hex_pretty(write_buffer, write_count).c_str());
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+  char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(I2C_MAX_LOG_BYTES)];
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "0x%02X TX %s", address, format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, write_buffer, write_count));
+#endif
 
   uint8_t status = 0;
   if (write_count != 0 || read_count == 0) {

esphome/components/i2c/i2c_bus_esp_idf.cpp

@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ namespace i2c {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "i2c.idf";
 
+// Maximum bytes to log in hex format (truncates larger transfers)
+static constexpr size_t I2C_MAX_LOG_BYTES = 32;
+
 void IDFI2CBus::setup() {
   static i2c_port_t next_hp_port = I2C_NUM_0;
 #if SOC_LP_I2C_SUPPORTED
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@ void IDFI2CBus::dump_config() {
         if (s.second) {
           ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Found device at address 0x%02X", s.first);
         } else {
-          ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Unknown error at address 0x%02X", s.first);
+          ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unknown error at address 0x%02X", s.first);
         }
       }
     }
@@ -147,7 +150,10 @@ ErrorCode IDFI2CBus::write_readv(uint8_t address, const uint8_t *write_buffer, s
     jobs[num_jobs++].write.total_bytes = 1;
   } else {
     if (write_count != 0) {
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "0x%02X TX %s", address, format_hex_pretty(write_buffer, write_count).c_str());
+#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+      char hex_buf[format_hex_pretty_size(I2C_MAX_LOG_BYTES)];
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "0x%02X TX %s", address, format_hex_pretty_to(hex_buf, write_buffer, write_count));
+#endif
       jobs[num_jobs++].command = I2C_MASTER_CMD_START;
       jobs[num_jobs].command = I2C_MASTER_CMD_WRITE;
       jobs[num_jobs].write.ack_check = true;

esphome/components/i2s_audio/__init__.py

@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
 from esphome import pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components.esp32 import (
-    add_idf_sdkconfig_option,
-    enable_ringbuf_in_iram,
-    get_esp32_variant,
-)
-from esphome.components.esp32.const import (
     VARIANT_ESP32,
     VARIANT_ESP32C3,
     VARIANT_ESP32C5,
@@ -15,6 +10,8 @@ from esphome.components.esp32.const import (
     VARIANT_ESP32P4,
     VARIANT_ESP32S2,
     VARIANT_ESP32S3,
+    add_idf_sdkconfig_option,
+    get_esp32_variant,
 )
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_BITS_PER_SAMPLE, CONF_CHANNEL, CONF_ID, CONF_SAMPLE_RATE
@@ -281,9 +278,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     # Helps avoid callbacks being skipped due to processor load
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_I2S_ISR_IRAM_SAFE", True)
 
-    # Keep ring buffer functions in IRAM for audio performance
-    enable_ringbuf_in_iram()
-
     cg.add(var.set_lrclk_pin(config[CONF_I2S_LRCLK_PIN]))
     if CONF_I2S_BCLK_PIN in config:
         cg.add(var.set_bclk_pin(config[CONF_I2S_BCLK_PIN]))

esphome/components/ili9xxx/ili9xxx_display.cpp

@@ -131,6 +131,13 @@ float ILI9XXXDisplay::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWA
 void ILI9XXXDisplay::fill(Color color) {
   if (!this->check_buffer_())
     return;
+
+  // If clipping is active, fall back to base implementation
+  if (this->get_clipping().is_set()) {
+    Display::fill(color);
+    return;
+  }
+
   uint16_t new_color = 0;
   this->x_low_ = 0;
   this->y_low_ = 0;

esphome/components/inkplate/inkplate.cpp

@@ -293,6 +293,13 @@ void Inkplate::fill(Color color) {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Fill called");
   uint32_t start_time = millis();
 
+  // If clipping is active, fall back to base implementation
+  if (this->get_clipping().is_set()) {
+    Display::fill(color);
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Fill finished (%ums)", millis() - start_time);
+    return;
+  }
+
   if (this->greyscale_) {
     uint8_t fill = ((color.red * 2126 / 10000) + (color.green * 7152 / 10000) + (color.blue * 722 / 10000)) >> 5;
     memset(this->buffer_, (fill << 4) | fill, this->get_buffer_length_());

esphome/components/internal_temperature/internal_temperature.cpp

@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ extern "C" {
 uint8_t temprature_sens_read();
 }
 #elif defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
 #include "driver/temperature_sensor.h"
 #endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT
 #endif  // USE_ESP32
@@ -27,9 +28,9 @@ namespace internal_temperature {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "internal_temperature";
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
-#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
+#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
 static temperature_sensor_handle_t tsensNew = NULL;
 #endif  // USE_ESP32_VARIANT
 #endif  // USE_ESP32
@@ -44,8 +45,9 @@ void InternalTemperatureSensor::update() {
   temperature = (raw - 32) / 1.8f;
   success = (raw != 128);
 #elif defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
   esp_err_t result = temperature_sensor_get_celsius(tsensNew, &temperature);
   success = (result == ESP_OK);
   if (!success) {
@@ -81,9 +83,9 @@ void InternalTemperatureSensor::update() {
 
 void InternalTemperatureSensor::setup() {
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
-#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || \
-    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
+#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C3) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C5) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C6) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32C61) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || \
+    defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32S3)
   temperature_sensor_config_t tsens_config = TEMPERATURE_SENSOR_CONFIG_DEFAULT(-10, 80);
 
   esp_err_t result = temperature_sensor_install(&tsens_config, &tsensNew);

esphome/components/light/light_json_schema.cpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static const char *get_color_mode_json_str(ColorMode mode) {
 void LightJSONSchema::dump_json(LightState &state, JsonObject root) {
   // NOLINTNEXTLINE(clang-analyzer-cplusplus.NewDeleteLeaks) false positive with ArduinoJson
   if (state.supports_effects()) {
-    root[ESPHOME_F("effect")] = state.get_effect_name();
+    root[ESPHOME_F("effect")] = state.get_effect_name_ref();
     root[ESPHOME_F("effect_index")] = state.get_current_effect_index();
     root[ESPHOME_F("effect_count")] = state.get_effect_count();
   }

esphome/components/logger/logger.cpp

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ void HOT Logger::log_vprintf_(uint8_t level, const char *tag, int line, const ch
     uint16_t buffer_at = 0;                         // Initialize buffer position
     this->format_log_to_buffer_with_terminator_(level, tag, line, format, args, console_buffer, &buffer_at,
                                                 MAX_CONSOLE_LOG_MSG_SIZE);
-    // Add newline if platform needs it (ESP32 doesn't add via write_msg_)
-    this->add_newline_to_buffer_if_needed_(console_buffer, &buffer_at, MAX_CONSOLE_LOG_MSG_SIZE);
+    // Add newline before writing to console
+    this->add_newline_to_buffer_(console_buffer, &buffer_at, MAX_CONSOLE_LOG_MSG_SIZE);
     this->write_msg_(console_buffer, buffer_at);
   }
 

esphome/components/logger/logger.h

@@ -117,17 +117,6 @@ static constexpr uint16_t MAX_HEADER_SIZE = 128;
 // "0x" + 2 hex digits per byte + '\0'
 static constexpr size_t MAX_POINTER_REPRESENTATION = 2 + sizeof(void *) * 2 + 1;
 
-// Platform-specific: does write_msg_ add its own newline?
-// false: Caller must add newline to buffer before calling write_msg_ (ESP32, ESP8266, RP2040, LibreTiny, Zephyr)
-//        Allows single write call with newline included for efficiency
-// true:  write_msg_ adds newline itself via puts()/println() (other platforms)
-//        Newline should NOT be added to buffer
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_ESP8266) || defined(USE_RP2040) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY) || defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
-static constexpr bool WRITE_MSG_ADDS_NEWLINE = false;
-#else
-static constexpr bool WRITE_MSG_ADDS_NEWLINE = true;
-#endif
-
 #if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_ESP8266) || defined(USE_RP2040) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY) || defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
 /** Enum for logging UART selection
  *
@@ -259,22 +248,20 @@ class Logger : public Component {
     }
   }
 
-  // Helper to add newline to buffer for platforms that need it
+  // Helper to add newline to buffer before writing to console
   // Modifies buffer_at to include the newline
-  inline void HOT add_newline_to_buffer_if_needed_(char *buffer, uint16_t *buffer_at, uint16_t buffer_size) {
-    if constexpr (!WRITE_MSG_ADDS_NEWLINE) {
-      // Add newline - don't need to maintain null termination
-      // write_msg_ now always receives explicit length, so we can safely overwrite the null terminator
-      // This is safe because:
-      // 1. Callbacks already received the message (before we add newline)
-      // 2. write_msg_ receives the length explicitly (doesn't need null terminator)
-      if (*buffer_at < buffer_size) {
-        buffer[(*buffer_at)++] = '\n';
-      } else if (buffer_size > 0) {
-        // Buffer was full - replace last char with newline to ensure it's visible
-        buffer[buffer_size - 1] = '\n';
-        *buffer_at = buffer_size;
-      }
+  inline void HOT add_newline_to_buffer_(char *buffer, uint16_t *buffer_at, uint16_t buffer_size) {
+    // Add newline - don't need to maintain null termination
+    // write_msg_ receives explicit length, so we can safely overwrite the null terminator
+    // This is safe because:
+    // 1. Callbacks already received the message (before we add newline)
+    // 2. write_msg_ receives the length explicitly (doesn't need null terminator)
+    if (*buffer_at < buffer_size) {
+      buffer[(*buffer_at)++] = '\n';
+    } else if (buffer_size > 0) {
+      // Buffer was full - replace last char with newline to ensure it's visible
+      buffer[buffer_size - 1] = '\n';
+      *buffer_at = buffer_size;
     }
   }
 
@@ -283,7 +270,7 @@ class Logger : public Component {
   inline void HOT write_tx_buffer_to_console_(uint16_t offset = 0, uint16_t *length = nullptr) {
     if (this->baud_rate_ > 0) {
       uint16_t *len_ptr = length ? length : &this->tx_buffer_at_;
-      this->add_newline_to_buffer_if_needed_(this->tx_buffer_ + offset, len_ptr, this->tx_buffer_size_ - offset);
+      this->add_newline_to_buffer_(this->tx_buffer_ + offset, len_ptr, this->tx_buffer_size_ - offset);
       this->write_msg_(this->tx_buffer_ + offset, *len_ptr);
     }
   }

esphome/components/logger/logger_host.cpp

@@ -3,16 +3,23 @@
 
 namespace esphome::logger {
 
-void HOT Logger::write_msg_(const char *msg, size_t) {
-  time_t rawtime;
-  struct tm *timeinfo;
-  char buffer[80];
+void HOT Logger::write_msg_(const char *msg, size_t len) {
+  static constexpr size_t TIMESTAMP_LEN = 10;  // "[HH:MM:SS]"
+  // tx_buffer_size_ defaults to 512, so 768 covers default + headroom
+  char buffer[TIMESTAMP_LEN + 768];
 
+  time_t rawtime;
   time(&rawtime);
-  timeinfo = localtime(&rawtime);
-  strftime(buffer, sizeof buffer, "[%H:%M:%S]", timeinfo);
-  fputs(buffer, stdout);
-  puts(msg);
+  struct tm *timeinfo = localtime(&rawtime);
+  size_t pos = strftime(buffer, TIMESTAMP_LEN + 1, "[%H:%M:%S]", timeinfo);
+
+  // Copy message (with newline already included by caller)
+  size_t copy_len = std::min(len, sizeof(buffer) - pos);
+  memcpy(buffer + pos, msg, copy_len);
+  pos += copy_len;
+
+  // Single write for everything
+  fwrite(buffer, 1, pos, stdout);
 }
 
 void Logger::pre_setup() { global_logger = this; }

esphome/components/lvgl/defines.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Constants already defined in esphome.const are not duplicated here and must be i
 """
 
 import logging
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import Any
 
 from esphome import codegen as cg, config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ITEMS
@@ -96,13 +96,9 @@ class LValidator:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, Lambda):
             # Local import to avoid circular import
-            from .lvcode import CodeContext, LambdaContext
+            from .lvcode import get_lambda_context_args
 
-            if TYPE_CHECKING:
-                # CodeContext does not have get_automation_parameters
-                # so we need to assert the type here
-                assert isinstance(CodeContext.code_context, LambdaContext)
-            args = args or CodeContext.code_context.get_automation_parameters()
+            args = args or get_lambda_context_args()
             return cg.RawExpression(
                 call_lambda(
                     await cg.process_lambda(value, args, return_type=self.rtype)

esphome/components/lvgl/lv_validation.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import re
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+from typing import Any
 
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import image
@@ -404,14 +404,9 @@ class TextValidator(LValidator):
         self, value: Any, args: list[tuple[SafeExpType, str]] | None = None
     ) -> Expression:
         # Local import to avoid circular import at module level
+        from .lvcode import get_lambda_context_args
 
-        from .lvcode import CodeContext, LambdaContext
-
-        if TYPE_CHECKING:
-            # CodeContext does not have get_automation_parameters
-            # so we need to assert the type here
-            assert isinstance(CodeContext.code_context, LambdaContext)
-        args = args or CodeContext.code_context.get_automation_parameters()
+        args = args or get_lambda_context_args()
 
         if isinstance(value, dict):
             if format_str := value.get(CONF_FORMAT):

esphome/components/lvgl/lvcode.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import abc
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from esphome import codegen as cg
 from esphome.config import Config
@@ -200,6 +201,21 @@ class LvContext(LambdaContext):
         return self.add(*args)
 
 
+def get_lambda_context_args() -> list[tuple[SafeExpType, str]]:
+    """Get automation parameters from the current lambda context if available.
+
+    When called from outside LVGL's context (e.g., from interval),
+    CodeContext.code_context will be None, so return empty args.
+    """
+    if CodeContext.code_context is None:
+        return []
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        # CodeContext base class doesn't define get_automation_parameters(),
+        # but LambdaContext and LvContext (the concrete implementations) do.
+        assert isinstance(CodeContext.code_context, LambdaContext)
+    return CodeContext.code_context.get_automation_parameters()
+
+
 class LocalVariable(MockObj):
     """
     Create a local variable and enclose the code using it within a block.

esphome/components/lvgl/widgets/arc.py

@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ class ArcType(NumberType):
             lv.arc_set_range(w.obj, min_value, max_value)
 
         await w.set_property(
-            CONF_START_ANGLE,
+            "bg_start_angle",
             await lv_angle_degrees.process(config.get(CONF_START_ANGLE)),
         )
         await w.set_property(
-            CONF_END_ANGLE, await lv_angle_degrees.process(config.get(CONF_END_ANGLE))
+            "bg_end_angle", await lv_angle_degrees.process(config.get(CONF_END_ANGLE))
         )
         await w.set_property(
             CONF_ROTATION, await lv_angle_degrees.process(config.get(CONF_ROTATION))

esphome/components/mcp23016/mcp23016.cpp

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void MCP23016::pin_mode(uint8_t pin, gpio::Flags flags) {
     this->update_reg_(pin, false, iodir);
   }
 }
-float MCP23016::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::IO; }
+float MCP23016::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 bool MCP23016::read_reg_(uint8_t reg, uint8_t *value) {
   if (this->is_failed())
     return false;

esphome/components/micro_wake_word/__init__.py

@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             ),
         }
     ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
-    cv.only_with_esp_idf,
+    cv.only_on_esp32,
 )
 
 
@@ -448,9 +448,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     # The inference task queues detection events that need immediate processing
     socket.require_wake_loop_threadsafe()
 
-    # Keep ring buffer functions in IRAM for audio performance
-    esp32.enable_ringbuf_in_iram()
-
     mic_source = await microphone.microphone_source_to_code(config[CONF_MICROPHONE])
     cg.add(var.set_microphone_source(mic_source))
 

esphome/components/micro_wake_word/automation.h

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "micro_wake_word.h"
 #include "streaming_model.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 namespace esphome {
 namespace micro_wake_word {
 

esphome/components/micro_wake_word/micro_wake_word.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include "micro_wake_word.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
@@ -473,4 +473,4 @@ bool MicroWakeWord::update_model_probabilities_(const int8_t audio_features[PREP
 }  // namespace micro_wake_word
 }  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_ESP_IDF
+#endif  // USE_ESP32

esphome/components/micro_wake_word/micro_wake_word.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include "preprocessor_settings.h"
 #include "streaming_model.h"
@@ -140,4 +140,4 @@ class MicroWakeWord : public Component
 }  // namespace micro_wake_word
 }  // namespace esphome
 
-#endif  // USE_ESP_IDF
+#endif  // USE_ESP32

esphome/components/micro_wake_word/preprocessor_settings.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include <cstdint>