Merge branch 'dev' into max6956_gpio_cache_banks

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ jobs:
       memory_impact: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.memory-impact }}
       cpp-unit-tests-run-all: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-run-all }}
       cpp-unit-tests-components: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.cpp-unit-tests-components }}
-      component-test-batches: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.component-test-batches }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
@@ -215,7 +214,6 @@ jobs:
           echo "memory-impact=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.memory_impact')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "cpp-unit-tests-run-all=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.cpp_unit_tests_run_all')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "cpp-unit-tests-components=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.cpp_unit_tests_components')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "component-test-batches=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.component_test_batches')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
   integration-tests:
     name: Run integration tests
@@ -460,7 +458,7 @@ jobs:
       GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
-      max-parallel: 2
+      max-parallel: 1
       matrix:
         include:
           - id: clang-tidy
@@ -538,18 +536,59 @@ jobs:
         run: script/ci-suggest-changes
         if: always()
 
+  test-build-components-splitter:
+    name: Split components for intelligent grouping (40 weighted per batch)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    needs:
+      - common
+      - determine-jobs
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-count) > 0
+    outputs:
+      matrix: ${{ steps.split.outputs.components }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out code from GitHub
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - name: Restore Python
+        uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
+          cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
+      - name: Split components intelligently based on bus configurations
+        id: split
+        run: |
+          . venv/bin/activate
+
+          # Use intelligent splitter that groups components with same bus configs
+          components='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.changed-components-with-tests }}'
+
+          # Only isolate directly changed components when targeting dev branch
+          # For beta/release branches, group everything for faster CI
+          if [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == beta* ]] || [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == release* ]]; then
+            directly_changed='[]'
+            echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - grouping all components"
+          else
+            directly_changed='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.directly-changed-components-with-tests }}'
+            echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - isolating directly changed components"
+          fi
+
+          echo "Splitting components intelligently..."
+          output=$(python3 script/split_components_for_ci.py --components "$components" --directly-changed "$directly_changed" --batch-size 40 --output github)
+
+          echo "$output" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
   test-build-components-split:
     name: Test components batch (${{ matrix.components }})
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     needs:
       - common
       - determine-jobs
+      - test-build-components-splitter
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-count) > 0
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       max-parallel: ${{ (startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') || startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')) && 8 || 4 }}
       matrix:
-        components: ${{ fromJson(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-batches) }}
+        components: ${{ fromJson(needs.test-build-components-splitter.outputs.matrix) }}
     steps:
       - name: Show disk space
         run: |
@@ -941,6 +980,7 @@ jobs:
       - clang-tidy-nosplit
       - clang-tidy-split
       - determine-jobs
+      - test-build-components-splitter
       - test-build-components-split
       - pre-commit-ci-lite
       - memory-impact-target-branch

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v4.31.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@4e94bd11f71e507f7f87df81788dff88d1dacbfb # v4.31.0
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v4.31.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@4e94bd11f71e507f7f87df81788dff88d1dacbfb # v4.31.0
         with:
           category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ def choose_upload_log_host(
                     if has_mqtt_logging():
                         resolved.append("MQTT")
 
-                    if has_api() and has_non_ip_address() and has_resolvable_address():
+                    if has_api() and has_non_ip_address():
                         resolved.extend(_resolve_with_cache(CORE.address, purpose))
 
                 elif purpose == Purpose.UPLOADING:
                     if has_ota() and has_mqtt_ip_lookup():
                         resolved.append("MQTTIP")
 
-                    if has_ota() and has_non_ip_address() and has_resolvable_address():
+                    if has_ota() and has_non_ip_address():
                         resolved.extend(_resolve_with_cache(CORE.address, purpose))
             else:
                 resolved.append(device)
@@ -318,17 +318,7 @@ def has_resolvable_address() -> bool:
     """Check if CORE.address is resolvable (via mDNS, DNS, or is an IP address)."""
     # Any address (IP, mDNS hostname, or regular DNS hostname) is resolvable
     # The resolve_ip_address() function in helpers.py handles all types via AsyncResolver
-    if CORE.address is None:
-        return False
-
-    if has_ip_address():
-        return True
-
-    if has_mdns():
-        return True
-
-    # .local mDNS hostnames are only resolvable if mDNS is enabled
-    return not CORE.address.endswith(".local")
+    return CORE.address is not None
 
 
 def mqtt_get_ip(config: ConfigType, username: str, password: str, client_id: str):

esphome/components/display/display.h

@@ -176,117 +176,7 @@ class Display;
 class DisplayPage;
 class DisplayOnPageChangeTrigger;
 
-/** Optimized display writer that uses function pointers for stateless lambdas.
- *
- * Similar to TemplatableValue but specialized for display writer callbacks.
- * Saves ~8 bytes per stateless lambda on 32-bit platforms (16 bytes std::function → ~8 bytes discriminator+pointer).
- *
- * Supports both:
- * - Stateless lambdas (from YAML) → function pointer (4 bytes)
- * - Stateful lambdas/std::function (from C++ code) → std::function* (heap allocated)
- *
- * @tparam T The display type (e.g., Display, Nextion, GPIOLCDDisplay)
- */
-template<typename T> class DisplayWriter {
- public:
-  DisplayWriter() : type_(NONE) {}
-
-  // For stateless lambdas (convertible to function pointer): use function pointer (4 bytes)
-  template<typename F>
-  DisplayWriter(F f) requires std::invocable<F, T &> && std::convertible_to<F, void (*)(T &)>
-      : type_(STATELESS_LAMBDA) {
-    this->stateless_f_ = f;  // Implicit conversion to function pointer
-  }
-
-  // For stateful lambdas and std::function (not convertible to function pointer): use std::function* (heap allocated)
-  // This handles backwards compatibility with external components
-  template<typename F>
-  DisplayWriter(F f) requires std::invocable<F, T &> &&(!std::convertible_to<F, void (*)(T &)>) : type_(LAMBDA) {
-    this->f_ = new std::function<void(T &)>(std::move(f));
-  }
-
-  // Copy constructor
-  DisplayWriter(const DisplayWriter &other) : type_(other.type_) {
-    if (type_ == LAMBDA) {
-      this->f_ = new std::function<void(T &)>(*other.f_);
-    } else if (type_ == STATELESS_LAMBDA) {
-      this->stateless_f_ = other.stateless_f_;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Move constructor
-  DisplayWriter(DisplayWriter &&other) noexcept : type_(other.type_) {
-    if (type_ == LAMBDA) {
-      this->f_ = other.f_;
-      other.f_ = nullptr;
-    } else if (type_ == STATELESS_LAMBDA) {
-      this->stateless_f_ = other.stateless_f_;
-    }
-    other.type_ = NONE;
-  }
-
-  // Assignment operators
-  DisplayWriter &operator=(const DisplayWriter &other) {
-    if (this != &other) {
-      this->~DisplayWriter();
-      new (this) DisplayWriter(other);
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  DisplayWriter &operator=(DisplayWriter &&other) noexcept {
-    if (this != &other) {
-      this->~DisplayWriter();
-      new (this) DisplayWriter(std::move(other));
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  ~DisplayWriter() {
-    if (type_ == LAMBDA) {
-      delete this->f_;
-    }
-    // STATELESS_LAMBDA/NONE: no cleanup needed (function pointer or empty)
-  }
-
-  bool has_value() const { return this->type_ != NONE; }
-
-  void call(T &display) const {
-    switch (this->type_) {
-      case STATELESS_LAMBDA:
-        this->stateless_f_(display);  // Direct function pointer call
-        break;
-      case LAMBDA:
-        (*this->f_)(display);  // std::function call
-        break;
-      case NONE:
-      default:
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Operator() for convenience
-  void operator()(T &display) const { this->call(display); }
-
-  // Operator* for backwards compatibility with (*writer_)(*this) pattern
-  DisplayWriter &operator*() { return *this; }
-  const DisplayWriter &operator*() const { return *this; }
-
- protected:
-  enum : uint8_t {
-    NONE,
-    LAMBDA,
-    STATELESS_LAMBDA,
-  } type_;
-
-  union {
-    std::function<void(T &)> *f_;
-    void (*stateless_f_)(T &);
-  };
-};
-
-// Type alias for Display writer - uses optimized DisplayWriter instead of std::function
-using display_writer_t = DisplayWriter<Display>;
+using display_writer_t = std::function<void(Display &)>;
 
 #define LOG_DISPLAY(prefix, type, obj) \
   if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
@@ -788,7 +678,7 @@ class Display : public PollingComponent {
   void sort_triangle_points_by_y_(int *x1, int *y1, int *x2, int *y2, int *x3, int *y3);
 
   DisplayRotation rotation_{DISPLAY_ROTATION_0_DEGREES};
-  display_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<display_writer_t> writer_{};
   DisplayPage *page_{nullptr};
   DisplayPage *previous_page_{nullptr};
   std::vector<DisplayOnPageChangeTrigger *> on_page_change_triggers_;

esphome/components/e131/e131.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 #include "e131_addressable_light_effect.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
-#include <algorithm>
-
 namespace esphome {
 namespace e131 {
 
@@ -78,14 +76,14 @@ void E131Component::loop() {
 }
 
 void E131Component::add_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {
-  if (std::find(light_effects_.begin(), light_effects_.end(), light_effect) != light_effects_.end()) {
+  if (light_effects_.count(light_effect)) {
     return;
   }
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Registering '%s' for universes %d-%d.", light_effect->get_name(), light_effect->get_first_universe(),
            light_effect->get_last_universe());
 
-  light_effects_.push_back(light_effect);
+  light_effects_.insert(light_effect);
 
   for (auto universe = light_effect->get_first_universe(); universe <= light_effect->get_last_universe(); ++universe) {
     join_(universe);
@@ -93,17 +91,14 @@ void E131Component::add_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {
 }
 
 void E131Component::remove_effect(E131AddressableLightEffect *light_effect) {
-  auto it = std::find(light_effects_.begin(), light_effects_.end(), light_effect);
-  if (it == light_effects_.end()) {
+  if (!light_effects_.count(light_effect)) {
     return;
   }
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Unregistering '%s' for universes %d-%d.", light_effect->get_name(), light_effect->get_first_universe(),
            light_effect->get_last_universe());
 
-  // Swap with last element and pop for O(1) removal (order doesn't matter)
-  *it = light_effects_.back();
-  light_effects_.pop_back();
+  light_effects_.erase(light_effect);
 
   for (auto universe = light_effect->get_first_universe(); universe <= light_effect->get_last_universe(); ++universe) {
     leave_(universe);

esphome/components/e131/e131.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <cinttypes>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <set>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -46,8 +47,9 @@ class E131Component : public esphome::Component {
 
   E131ListenMethod listen_method_{E131_MULTICAST};
   std::unique_ptr<socket::Socket> socket_;
-  std::vector<E131AddressableLightEffect *> light_effects_;
+  std::set<E131AddressableLightEffect *> light_effects_;
   std::map<int, int> universe_consumers_;
+  std::map<int, E131Packet> universe_packets_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace e131

esphome/components/gpio/binary_sensor/__init__.py

@@ -94,8 +94,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         )
         use_interrupt = False
 
+    cg.add(var.set_use_interrupt(use_interrupt))
     if use_interrupt:
         cg.add(var.set_interrupt_type(config[CONF_INTERRUPT_TYPE]))
-    else:
-        # Only generate call when disabling interrupts (default is true)
-        cg.add(var.set_use_interrupt(use_interrupt))

esphome/components/image/image.cpp

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ lv_img_dsc_t *Image::get_lv_img_dsc() {
 
       case IMAGE_TYPE_RGB:
 #if LV_COLOR_DEPTH == 32
-        switch (this->transparency_) {
+        switch (this->transparent_) {
           case TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL:
             this->dsc_.header.cf = LV_IMG_CF_TRUE_COLOR_ALPHA;
             break;
@@ -156,8 +156,7 @@ lv_img_dsc_t *Image::get_lv_img_dsc() {
             break;
         }
 #else
-        this->dsc_.header.cf =
-            this->transparency_ == TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL ? LV_IMG_CF_RGB565A8 : LV_IMG_CF_RGB565;
+        this->dsc_.header.cf = this->transparent_ == TRANSPARENCY_ALPHA_CHANNEL ? LV_IMG_CF_RGB565A8 : LV_IMG_CF_RGB565;
 #endif
         break;
     }

esphome/components/lcd_gpio/gpio_lcd_display.h

@@ -2,18 +2,13 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/components/lcd_base/lcd_display.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace lcd_gpio {
 
-class GPIOLCDDisplay;
-
-using gpio_lcd_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<GPIOLCDDisplay>;
-
 class GPIOLCDDisplay : public lcd_base::LCDDisplay {
  public:
-  void set_writer(gpio_lcd_writer_t &&writer) { this->writer_ = std::move(writer); }
+  void set_writer(std::function<void(GPIOLCDDisplay &)> &&writer) { this->writer_ = std::move(writer); }
   void setup() override;
   void set_data_pins(GPIOPin *d0, GPIOPin *d1, GPIOPin *d2, GPIOPin *d3) {
     this->data_pins_[0] = d0;
@@ -48,7 +43,7 @@ class GPIOLCDDisplay : public lcd_base::LCDDisplay {
   GPIOPin *rw_pin_{nullptr};
   GPIOPin *enable_pin_{nullptr};
   GPIOPin *data_pins_[8]{nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr};
-  gpio_lcd_writer_t writer_;
+  std::function<void(GPIOLCDDisplay &)> writer_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace lcd_gpio

esphome/components/lcd_pcf8574/pcf8574_display.h

@@ -3,18 +3,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/components/lcd_base/lcd_display.h"
 #include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace lcd_pcf8574 {
 
-class PCF8574LCDDisplay;
-
-using pcf8574_lcd_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<PCF8574LCDDisplay>;
-
 class PCF8574LCDDisplay : public lcd_base::LCDDisplay, public i2c::I2CDevice {
  public:
-  void set_writer(pcf8574_lcd_writer_t &&writer) { this->writer_ = std::move(writer); }
+  void set_writer(std::function<void(PCF8574LCDDisplay &)> &&writer) { this->writer_ = std::move(writer); }
   void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
   void backlight();
@@ -29,7 +24,7 @@ class PCF8574LCDDisplay : public lcd_base::LCDDisplay, public i2c::I2CDevice {
 
   // Stores the current state of the backlight.
   uint8_t backlight_value_;
-  pcf8574_lcd_writer_t writer_;
+  std::function<void(PCF8574LCDDisplay &)> writer_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace lcd_pcf8574

esphome/components/lvgl/defines.py

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ Constants already defined in esphome.const are not duplicated here and must be i
 """
 
 import logging
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from esphome import codegen as cg, config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ITEMS
@@ -13,7 +12,6 @@ from esphome.core import ID, Lambda
 from esphome.cpp_generator import LambdaExpression, MockObj
 from esphome.cpp_types import uint32
 from esphome.schema_extractors import SCHEMA_EXTRACT, schema_extractor
-from esphome.types import Expression, SafeExpType
 
 from .helpers import requires_component
 
@@ -44,13 +42,7 @@ def static_cast(type, value):
 def call_lambda(lamb: LambdaExpression):
     expr = lamb.content.strip()
     if expr.startswith("return") and expr.endswith(";"):
-        return expr[6:-1].strip()
-    # If lambda has parameters, call it with those parameter names
-    # Parameter names come from hardcoded component code (like "x", "it", "event")
-    # not from user input, so they're safe to use directly
-    if lamb.parameters and lamb.parameters.parameters:
-        param_names = ", ".join(str(param.id) for param in lamb.parameters.parameters)
-        return f"{lamb}({param_names})"
+        return expr[6:][:-1].strip()
     return f"{lamb}()"
 
 
@@ -73,20 +65,10 @@ class LValidator:
             return cv.returning_lambda(value)
         return self.validator(value)
 
-    async def process(
-        self, value: Any, args: list[tuple[SafeExpType, str]] | None = None
-    ) -> Expression:
+    async def process(self, value, args=()):
         if value is None:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, Lambda):
-            # Local import to avoid circular import
-            from .lvcode import CodeContext, LambdaContext
-
-            if TYPE_CHECKING:
-                # CodeContext does not have get_automation_parameters
-                # so we need to assert the type here
-                assert isinstance(CodeContext.code_context, LambdaContext)
-            args = args or CodeContext.code_context.get_automation_parameters()
             return cg.RawExpression(
                 call_lambda(
                     await cg.process_lambda(value, args, return_type=self.rtype)

esphome/components/lvgl/lv_validation.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
-
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import image
 from esphome.components.color import CONF_HEX, ColorStruct, from_rgbw
@@ -19,7 +17,6 @@ from esphome.cpp_generator import MockObj
 from esphome.cpp_types import ESPTime, int32, uint32
 from esphome.helpers import cpp_string_escape
 from esphome.schema_extractors import SCHEMA_EXTRACT, schema_extractor
-from esphome.types import Expression, SafeExpType
 
 from . import types as ty
 from .defines import (
@@ -391,23 +388,11 @@ class TextValidator(LValidator):
             return value
         return super().__call__(value)
 
-    async def process(
-        self, value: Any, args: list[tuple[SafeExpType, str]] | None = None
-    ) -> Expression:
-        # Local import to avoid circular import at module level
-
-        from .lvcode import CodeContext, LambdaContext
-
-        if TYPE_CHECKING:
-            # CodeContext does not have get_automation_parameters
-            # so we need to assert the type here
-            assert isinstance(CodeContext.code_context, LambdaContext)
-        args = args or CodeContext.code_context.get_automation_parameters()
-
+    async def process(self, value, args=()):
         if isinstance(value, dict):
             if format_str := value.get(CONF_FORMAT):
-                str_args = [str(x) for x in value[CONF_ARGS]]
-                arg_expr = cg.RawExpression(",".join(str_args))
+                args = [str(x) for x in value[CONF_ARGS]]
+                arg_expr = cg.RawExpression(",".join(args))
                 format_str = cpp_string_escape(format_str)
                 return literal(f"str_sprintf({format_str}, {arg_expr}).c_str()")
             if time_format := value.get(CONF_TIME_FORMAT):

esphome/components/lvgl/lvcode.py

@@ -164,9 +164,6 @@ class LambdaContext(CodeContext):
             code_text.append(text)
         return code_text
 
-    def get_automation_parameters(self) -> list[tuple[SafeExpType, str]]:
-        return self.parameters
-
     async def __aenter__(self):
         await super().__aenter__()
         add_line_marks(self.where)
@@ -181,8 +178,9 @@ class LvContext(LambdaContext):
 
     added_lambda_count = 0
 
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__(parameters=LVGL_COMP_ARG)
+    def __init__(self, args=None):
+        self.args = args or LVGL_COMP_ARG
+        super().__init__(parameters=self.args)
 
     async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
         await super().__aexit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)
@@ -191,11 +189,6 @@ class LvContext(LambdaContext):
         cg.add(expression)
         return expression
 
-    def get_automation_parameters(self) -> list[tuple[SafeExpType, str]]:
-        # When generating automations, we don't want the `lv_component` parameter to be passed
-        # to the lambda.
-        return []
-
     def __call__(self, *args):
         return self.add(*args)
 

esphome/components/lvgl/sensor/__init__.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from ..defines import CONF_WIDGET
 from ..lvcode import (
     API_EVENT,
     EVENT_ARG,
+    LVGL_COMP_ARG,
     UPDATE_EVENT,
     LambdaContext,
     LvContext,
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     await wait_for_widgets()
     async with LambdaContext(EVENT_ARG) as lamb:
         lv_add(sensor.publish_state(widget.get_value()))
-    async with LvContext():
+    async with LvContext(LVGL_COMP_ARG):
         lv_add(
             lvgl_static.add_event_cb(
                 widget.obj,

esphome/components/lvgl/widgets/canvas.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from ..lv_validation import (
     pixels,
     size,
 )
-from ..lvcode import LocalVariable, lv, lv_assign, lv_expr
+from ..lvcode import LocalVariable, lv, lv_assign
 from ..schemas import STYLE_PROPS, STYLE_REMAP, TEXT_SCHEMA, point_schema
 from ..types import LvType, ObjUpdateAction, WidgetType
 from . import Widget, get_widgets
@@ -70,18 +70,15 @@ class CanvasType(WidgetType):
         width = config[CONF_WIDTH]
         height = config[CONF_HEIGHT]
         use_alpha = "_ALPHA" if config[CONF_TRANSPARENT] else ""
-        buf_size = literal(
-            f"LV_CANVAS_BUF_SIZE_TRUE_COLOR{use_alpha}({width}, {height})"
+        lv.canvas_set_buffer(
+            w.obj,
+            lv.custom_mem_alloc(
+                literal(f"LV_CANVAS_BUF_SIZE_TRUE_COLOR{use_alpha}({width}, {height})")
+            ),
+            width,
+            height,
+            literal(f"LV_IMG_CF_TRUE_COLOR{use_alpha}"),
         )
-        with LocalVariable("buf", cg.void, lv_expr.custom_mem_alloc(buf_size)) as buf:
-            cg.add(cg.RawExpression(f"memset({buf}, 0, {buf_size});"))
-            lv.canvas_set_buffer(
-                w.obj,
-                buf,
-                width,
-                height,
-                literal(f"LV_IMG_CF_TRUE_COLOR{use_alpha}"),
-            )
 
 
 canvas_spec = CanvasType()

esphome/components/max6956/__init__.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
 CODEOWNERS = ["@looping40"]
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c"]
+AUTO_LOAD = ["gpio_expander"]
 MULTI_CONF = True
 
 CONF_BRIGHTNESS_MODE = "brightness_mode"

esphome/components/max6956/max6956.cpp

@@ -40,14 +40,59 @@ void MAX6956::setup() {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "setup reg[0x%.2X]=0x%.2X", MAX6956_CONFIGURATION, configuration);
 }
 
-bool MAX6956::digital_read(uint8_t pin) {
-  uint8_t reg_addr = MAX6956_1PORT_VALUE_START + pin;
-  uint8_t value = 0;
-  this->read_reg_(reg_addr, &value);
-  return (value & MASK_1PORT_VALUE);
+void MAX6956::loop() {
+  // Invalidate cache at the start of each loop
+  this->reset_pin_cache_();
 }
 
-void MAX6956::digital_write(uint8_t pin, bool value) {
+bool MAX6956::digital_read_hw(uint8_t pin) {
+  // MAX6956 pins start at MAX6956_MIN
+  if (pin < MAX6956_MIN || pin > MAX6956_MAX) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Calculate bank index based on the base class view (no offset adjustment)
+  uint8_t bank_index = pin / MAX6956_BANK_SIZE;
+
+  static const uint8_t BANK_REGS[4] = {
+      MAX6956_4PORTS_4_7,    // Bank 0: 4 ports 4-7 (bits D0-D3, D4-D7 read as 0)
+      MAX6956_8PORTS_8_15,   // Bank 1: 8 ports 8-15 (bits D0-D7)
+      MAX6956_8PORTS_16_23,  // Bank 2: 8 ports 16-23 (bits D0-D7)
+      MAX6956_8PORTS_24_31,  // Bank 3: 8 ports 24-31 (bits D0-D7)
+  };
+
+  // Read the appropriate register
+  uint8_t value = 0;
+  if (!this->read_reg_(BANK_REGS[bank_index], &value)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Store in cache with proper alignment
+  if (bank_index == 0) {
+    // Special case for bank 0: pins 4-7 are in bits D0-D3, shift them to bits 4-7
+    this->input_banks_[0] = value << MAX6956_BANK0_SHIFT;
+  } else {
+    // Banks 1-3 map directly
+    this->input_banks_[bank_index] = value;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool MAX6956::digital_read_cache(uint8_t pin) {
+  // MAX6956 pins start at MAX6956_MIN
+  if (pin < MAX6956_MIN || pin > MAX6956_MAX) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Use the base class's view of banks (no offset adjustment)
+  uint8_t bank_index = pin / MAX6956_BANK_SIZE;
+  uint8_t bit_position = pin % MAX6956_BANK_SIZE;
+
+  return (this->input_banks_[bank_index] & (1 << bit_position)) != 0;
+}
+
+void MAX6956::digital_write_hw(uint8_t pin, bool value) {
   uint8_t reg_addr = MAX6956_1PORT_VALUE_START + pin;
   this->write_reg_(reg_addr, value);
 }

esphome/components/max6956/max6956.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
+#include "esphome/components/gpio_expander/cached_gpio.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace max6956 {
@@ -21,29 +22,39 @@ enum MAX6956GPIORange : uint8_t {
   MAX6956_MAX = 31,
 };
 
+/// Bank configuration for MAX6956
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX6956_BANK_SIZE = 8;
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX6956_TOTAL_PINS = 32;  // Includes pins 0-3 (unused) for cache alignment
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX6956_BANK0_SHIFT = 4;
+
 enum MAX6956GPIORegisters {
   MAX6956_GLOBAL_CURRENT = 0x02,
   MAX6956_CONFIGURATION = 0x04,
   MAX6956_TRANSITION_DETECT_MASK = 0x06,
   MAX6956_DISPLAY_TEST = 0x07,
-  MAX6956_PORT_CONFIG_START = 0x09,   // Port Configuration P7, P6, P5, P4
-  MAX6956_CURRENT_START = 0x12,       // Current054
-  MAX6956_1PORT_VALUE_START = 0x20,   // Port 0 only (virtual port, no action)
-  MAX6956_8PORTS_VALUE_START = 0x44,  // 8 ports 4-11 (data bits D0-D7)
+  MAX6956_PORT_CONFIG_START = 0x09,  // Port Configuration P7, P6, P5, P4
+  MAX6956_CURRENT_START = 0x12,      // Current054
+  MAX6956_1PORT_VALUE_START = 0x20,  // Port 0 only (virtual port, no action)
+  // 8-port bulk read registers aligned with base class banks
+  MAX6956_4PORTS_4_7 = 0x40,    // 4 ports 4-7 (bits D0-D3, D4-D7 read as 0)
+  MAX6956_8PORTS_8_15 = 0x48,   // 8 ports 8-15 (bits D0-D7)
+  MAX6956_8PORTS_16_23 = 0x50,  // 8 ports 16-23 (bits D0-D7)
+  MAX6956_8PORTS_24_31 = 0x58,  // 8 ports 24-31 (bits D0-D7)
 };
 
 enum MAX6956GPIOFlag { FLAG_LED = 0x20 };
 
 enum MAX6956CURRENTMODE { GLOBAL = 0x00, SEGMENT = 0x01 };
 
-class MAX6956 : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+class MAX6956 : public Component,
+                public i2c::I2CDevice,
+                public gpio_expander::CachedGpioExpander<uint8_t, MAX6956_TOTAL_PINS> {
  public:
   MAX6956() = default;
 
   void setup() override;
+  void loop() override;
 
-  bool digital_read(uint8_t pin);
-  void digital_write(uint8_t pin, bool value);
   void pin_mode(uint8_t pin, gpio::Flags flags);
   void pin_mode(uint8_t pin, max6956::MAX6956GPIOFlag flags);
 
@@ -58,6 +69,11 @@ class MAX6956 : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   void write_brightness_global();
   void write_brightness_mode();
 
+  // CachedGpioExpander implementation
+  bool digital_read_hw(uint8_t pin) override;
+  bool digital_read_cache(uint8_t pin) override;
+  void digital_write_hw(uint8_t pin, bool value) override;
+
  protected:
   // read a given register
   bool read_reg_(uint8_t reg, uint8_t *value);
@@ -66,6 +82,13 @@ class MAX6956 : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   max6956::MAX6956CURRENTMODE brightness_mode_;
   uint8_t global_brightness_;
 
+  // Cache for the 4 banks of 8 pins each (aligned with base class view)
+  // Bank 0: bits 0-7 (bits 0-3 unused as MAX6956 pins start at 4, bits 4-7 = pins 4-7)
+  // Bank 1: bits 8-15 (pins 8-15)
+  // Bank 2: bits 16-23 (pins 16-23)
+  // Bank 3: bits 24-31 (pins 24-31)
+  uint8_t input_banks_[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
  private:
   int8_t prev_bright_[28] = {0};
 };

esphome/components/max7219/max7219.h

@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
 
 #include "esphome/components/spi/spi.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace max7219 {
 
 class MAX7219Component;
 
-using max7219_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<MAX7219Component>;
+using max7219_writer_t = std::function<void(MAX7219Component &)>;
 
 class MAX7219Component : public PollingComponent,
                          public spi::SPIDevice<spi::BIT_ORDER_MSB_FIRST, spi::CLOCK_POLARITY_LOW,
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ class MAX7219Component : public PollingComponent,
   uint8_t num_chips_{1};
   uint8_t *buffer_;
   bool reverse_{false};
-  max7219_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<max7219_writer_t> writer_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace max7219

esphome/components/max7219digit/max7219digit.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ enum ScrollMode {
 
 class MAX7219Component;
 
-using max7219_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<MAX7219Component>;
+using max7219_writer_t = std::function<void(MAX7219Component &)>;
 
 class MAX7219Component : public display::DisplayBuffer,
                          public spi::SPIDevice<spi::BIT_ORDER_MSB_FIRST, spi::CLOCK_POLARITY_LOW,
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class MAX7219Component : public display::DisplayBuffer,
   uint32_t last_scroll_ = 0;
   uint16_t stepsleft_;
   size_t get_buffer_length_();
-  max7219_writer_t writer_local_{};
+  optional<max7219_writer_t> writer_local_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace max7219digit

esphome/components/nextion/nextion.h

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
 #include "nextion_base.h"
 #include "nextion_component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 #include "esphome/components/display/display_color_utils.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_TFT_UPLOAD
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ namespace nextion {
 class Nextion;
 class NextionComponentBase;
 
-using nextion_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<Nextion>;
+using nextion_writer_t = std::function<void(Nextion &)>;
 
 static const std::string COMMAND_DELIMITER{static_cast<char>(255), static_cast<char>(255), static_cast<char>(255)};
 
@@ -1472,7 +1471,7 @@ class Nextion : public NextionBase, public PollingComponent, public uart::UARTDe
   CallbackManager<void(uint8_t, uint8_t, bool)> touch_callback_{};
   CallbackManager<void()> buffer_overflow_callback_{};
 
-  nextion_writer_t writer_;
+  optional<nextion_writer_t> writer_;
   optional<float> brightness_;
 
 #ifdef USE_NEXTION_CONFIG_DUMP_DEVICE_INFO

esphome/components/pvvx_mithermometer/display/pvvx_display.h

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/components/ble_client/ble_client.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 #include <cinttypes>
 
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ enum UNIT {
   UNIT_DEG_E,     ///< show "°E"
 };
 
-using pvvx_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<PVVXDisplay>;
+using pvvx_writer_t = std::function<void(PVVXDisplay &)>;
 
 class PVVXDisplay : public ble_client::BLEClientNode, public PollingComponent {
  public:
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ class PVVXDisplay : public ble_client::BLEClientNode, public PollingComponent {
   esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTUUID char_uuid_ =
       esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTUUID::from_raw("00001f1f-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
 
-  pvvx_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<pvvx_writer_t> writer_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace pvvx_mithermometer

esphome/components/remote_transmitter/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import logging
-
 from esphome import automation, pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import esp32, esp32_rmt, remote_base
@@ -20,12 +18,9 @@ from esphome.const import (
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE
 
-_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
 AUTO_LOAD = ["remote_base"]
 
 CONF_EOT_LEVEL = "eot_level"
-CONF_NON_BLOCKING = "non_blocking"
 CONF_ON_TRANSMIT = "on_transmit"
 CONF_ON_COMPLETE = "on_complete"
 CONF_TRANSMITTER_ID = remote_base.CONF_TRANSMITTER_ID
@@ -70,25 +65,11 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
             esp32_c6=48,
             esp32_h2=48,
         ): cv.All(cv.only_on_esp32, cv.int_range(min=2)),
-        cv.Optional(CONF_NON_BLOCKING): cv.All(cv.only_on_esp32, cv.boolean),
         cv.Optional(CONF_ON_TRANSMIT): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
         cv.Optional(CONF_ON_COMPLETE): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
     }
 ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA)
 
-
-def _validate_non_blocking(config):
-    if CORE.is_esp32 and CONF_NON_BLOCKING not in config:
-        _LOGGER.warning(
-            "'non_blocking' is not set for 'remote_transmitter' and will default to 'true'.\n"
-            "The default behavior changed in 2025.11.0; previously blocking mode was used.\n"
-            "To silence this warning, explicitly set 'non_blocking: true' (or 'false')."
-        )
-        config[CONF_NON_BLOCKING] = True
-
-
-FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _validate_non_blocking
-
 DIGITAL_WRITE_ACTION_SCHEMA = cv.maybe_simple_value(
     {
         cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRANSMITTER_ID): cv.use_id(RemoteTransmitterComponent),
@@ -114,7 +95,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     if CORE.is_esp32:
         var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], pin)
         cg.add(var.set_rmt_symbols(config[CONF_RMT_SYMBOLS]))
-        cg.add(var.set_non_blocking(config[CONF_NON_BLOCKING]))
         if CONF_CLOCK_RESOLUTION in config:
             cg.add(var.set_clock_resolution(config[CONF_CLOCK_RESOLUTION]))
         if CONF_USE_DMA in config:

esphome/components/remote_transmitter/remote_transmitter.h

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class RemoteTransmitterComponent : public remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase,
 #if defined(USE_ESP32)
   void set_with_dma(bool with_dma) { this->with_dma_ = with_dma; }
   void set_eot_level(bool eot_level) { this->eot_level_ = eot_level; }
-  void set_non_blocking(bool non_blocking) { this->non_blocking_ = non_blocking; }
 #endif
 
   Trigger<> *get_transmit_trigger() const { return this->transmit_trigger_; };
@@ -75,7 +74,6 @@ class RemoteTransmitterComponent : public remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase,
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
   void configure_rmt_();
-  void wait_for_rmt_();
 
 #if ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(5, 5, 1)
   RemoteTransmitterComponentStore store_{};
@@ -92,7 +90,6 @@ class RemoteTransmitterComponent : public remote_base::RemoteTransmitterBase,
   esp_err_t error_code_{ESP_OK};
   std::string error_string_{""};
   bool inverted_{false};
-  bool non_blocking_{false};
 #endif
   uint8_t carrier_duty_percent_;
 

esphome/components/remote_transmitter/remote_transmitter_esp32.cpp

@@ -196,29 +196,12 @@ void RemoteTransmitterComponent::configure_rmt_() {
   }
 }
 
-void RemoteTransmitterComponent::wait_for_rmt_() {
-  esp_err_t error = rmt_tx_wait_all_done(this->channel_, -1);
-  if (error != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "rmt_tx_wait_all_done failed: %s", esp_err_to_name(error));
-    this->status_set_warning();
-  }
-
-  this->complete_trigger_->trigger();
-}
-
 #if ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(5, 5, 1)
 void RemoteTransmitterComponent::send_internal(uint32_t send_times, uint32_t send_wait) {
-  uint64_t total_duration = 0;
-
   if (this->is_failed()) {
     return;
   }
 
-  // if the timeout was cancelled, block until the tx is complete
-  if (this->non_blocking_ && this->cancel_timeout("complete")) {
-    this->wait_for_rmt_();
-  }
-
   if (this->current_carrier_frequency_ != this->temp_.get_carrier_frequency()) {
     this->current_carrier_frequency_ = this->temp_.get_carrier_frequency();
     this->configure_rmt_();
@@ -229,7 +212,6 @@ void RemoteTransmitterComponent::send_internal(uint32_t send_times, uint32_t sen
 
   // encode any delay at the start of the buffer to simplify the encoder callback
   // this will be skipped the first time around
-  total_duration += send_wait * (send_times - 1);
   send_wait = this->from_microseconds_(static_cast<uint32_t>(send_wait));
   while (send_wait > 0) {
     int32_t duration = std::min(send_wait, uint32_t(RMT_SYMBOL_DURATION_MAX));
@@ -247,7 +229,6 @@ void RemoteTransmitterComponent::send_internal(uint32_t send_times, uint32_t sen
     if (!level) {
       value = -value;
     }
-    total_duration += value * send_times;
     value = this->from_microseconds_(static_cast<uint32_t>(value));
     while (value > 0) {
       int32_t duration = std::min(value, int32_t(RMT_SYMBOL_DURATION_MAX));
@@ -279,12 +260,13 @@ void RemoteTransmitterComponent::send_internal(uint32_t send_times, uint32_t sen
   } else {
     this->status_clear_warning();
   }
-
-  if (this->non_blocking_) {
-    this->set_timeout("complete", total_duration / 1000, [this]() { this->wait_for_rmt_(); });
-  } else {
-    this->wait_for_rmt_();
+  error = rmt_tx_wait_all_done(this->channel_, -1);
+  if (error != ESP_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "rmt_tx_wait_all_done failed: %s", esp_err_to_name(error));
+    this->status_set_warning();
   }
+
+  this->complete_trigger_->trigger();
 }
 #else
 void RemoteTransmitterComponent::send_internal(uint32_t send_times, uint32_t send_wait) {

esphome/components/st7920/st7920.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace st7920 {
 
 class ST7920;
 
-using st7920_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<ST7920>;
+using st7920_writer_t = std::function<void(ST7920 &)>;
 
 class ST7920 : public display::DisplayBuffer,
                public spi::SPIDevice<spi::BIT_ORDER_MSB_FIRST, spi::CLOCK_POLARITY_HIGH, spi::CLOCK_PHASE_TRAILING,
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class ST7920 : public display::DisplayBuffer,
   void end_transaction_();
 
   int16_t width_ = 128, height_ = 64;
-  st7920_writer_t writer_local_{};
+  optional<st7920_writer_t> writer_local_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace st7920

esphome/components/template/binary_sensor/template_binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -6,21 +6,17 @@ namespace template_ {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "template.binary_sensor";
 
-void TemplateBinarySensor::setup() {
-  if (!this->f_.has_value()) {
-    this->disable_loop();
-  } else {
-    this->loop();
-  }
-}
+void TemplateBinarySensor::setup() { this->loop(); }
 
 void TemplateBinarySensor::loop() {
-  auto s = this->f_();
+  if (!this->f_.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  auto s = (*this->f_)();
   if (s.has_value()) {
     this->publish_state(*s);
   }
 }
-
 void TemplateBinarySensor::dump_config() { LOG_BINARY_SENSOR("", "Template Binary Sensor", this); }
 
 }  // namespace template_

esphome/components/template/binary_sensor/template_binary_sensor.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@ namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateBinarySensor : public Component, public binary_sensor::BinarySensor {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<bool> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void loop() override;
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ class TemplateBinarySensor : public Component, public binary_sensor::BinarySenso
   float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 
  protected:
-  TemplateLambda<bool> f_;
+  optional<optional<bool> (*)()> f_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace template_

esphome/components/template/cover/template_cover.cpp

@@ -33,27 +33,28 @@ void TemplateCover::setup() {
       break;
     }
   }
-  if (!this->state_f_.has_value() && !this->tilt_f_.has_value())
-    this->disable_loop();
 }
 void TemplateCover::loop() {
   bool changed = false;
 
-  auto s = this->state_f_();
-  if (s.has_value()) {
-    auto pos = clamp(*s, 0.0f, 1.0f);
-    if (pos != this->position) {
-      this->position = pos;
-      changed = true;
+  if (this->state_f_.has_value()) {
+    auto s = (*this->state_f_)();
+    if (s.has_value()) {
+      auto pos = clamp(*s, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+      if (pos != this->position) {
+        this->position = pos;
+        changed = true;
+      }
     }
   }
-
-  auto tilt = this->tilt_f_();
-  if (tilt.has_value()) {
-    auto tilt_val = clamp(*tilt, 0.0f, 1.0f);
-    if (tilt_val != this->tilt) {
-      this->tilt = tilt_val;
-      changed = true;
+  if (this->tilt_f_.has_value()) {
+    auto s = (*this->tilt_f_)();
+    if (s.has_value()) {
+      auto tilt = clamp(*s, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+      if (tilt != this->tilt) {
+        this->tilt = tilt;
+        changed = true;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ void TemplateCover::loop() {
 }
 void TemplateCover::set_optimistic(bool optimistic) { this->optimistic_ = optimistic; }
 void TemplateCover::set_assumed_state(bool assumed_state) { this->assumed_state_ = assumed_state; }
+void TemplateCover::set_state_lambda(optional<float> (*f)()) { this->state_f_ = f; }
 float TemplateCover::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 Trigger<> *TemplateCover::get_open_trigger() const { return this->open_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *TemplateCover::get_close_trigger() const { return this->close_trigger_; }
@@ -122,6 +124,7 @@ CoverTraits TemplateCover::get_traits() {
 }
 Trigger<float> *TemplateCover::get_position_trigger() const { return this->position_trigger_; }
 Trigger<float> *TemplateCover::get_tilt_trigger() const { return this->tilt_trigger_; }
+void TemplateCover::set_tilt_lambda(optional<float> (*tilt_f)()) { this->tilt_f_ = tilt_f; }
 void TemplateCover::set_has_stop(bool has_stop) { this->has_stop_ = has_stop; }
 void TemplateCover::set_has_toggle(bool has_toggle) { this->has_toggle_ = has_toggle; }
 void TemplateCover::set_has_position(bool has_position) { this->has_position_ = has_position; }

esphome/components/template/cover/template_cover.h

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/cover/cover.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -18,8 +17,7 @@ class TemplateCover : public cover::Cover, public Component {
  public:
   TemplateCover();
 
-  template<typename F> void set_state_lambda(F &&f) { this->state_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
-  template<typename F> void set_tilt_lambda(F &&f) { this->tilt_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_state_lambda(optional<float> (*f)());
   Trigger<> *get_open_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_close_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_stop_trigger() const;
@@ -28,6 +26,7 @@ class TemplateCover : public cover::Cover, public Component {
   Trigger<float> *get_tilt_trigger() const;
   void set_optimistic(bool optimistic);
   void set_assumed_state(bool assumed_state);
+  void set_tilt_lambda(optional<float> (*tilt_f)());
   void set_has_stop(bool has_stop);
   void set_has_position(bool has_position);
   void set_has_tilt(bool has_tilt);
@@ -46,8 +45,8 @@ class TemplateCover : public cover::Cover, public Component {
   void stop_prev_trigger_();
 
   TemplateCoverRestoreMode restore_mode_{COVER_RESTORE};
-  TemplateLambda<float> state_f_;
-  TemplateLambda<float> tilt_f_;
+  optional<optional<float> (*)()> state_f_;
+  optional<optional<float> (*)()> tilt_f_;
   bool assumed_state_{false};
   bool optimistic_{false};
   Trigger<> *open_trigger_;

esphome/components/template/datetime/template_date.cpp

@@ -40,13 +40,14 @@ void TemplateDate::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    this->year_ = val->year;
-    this->month_ = val->month;
-    this->day_ = val->day_of_month;
-    this->publish_state();
-  }
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->year_ = val->year;
+  this->month_ = val->month;
+  this->day_ = val->day_of_month;
+  this->publish_state();
 }
 
 void TemplateDate::control(const datetime::DateCall &call) {

esphome/components/template/datetime/template_date.h

@@ -9,14 +9,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateDate : public datetime::DateEntity, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<ESPTime> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ class TemplateDate : public datetime::DateEntity, public PollingComponent {
   ESPTime initial_value_{};
   bool restore_value_{false};
   Trigger<ESPTime> *set_trigger_ = new Trigger<ESPTime>();
-  TemplateLambda<ESPTime> f_;
+  optional<optional<ESPTime> (*)()> f_;
 
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
 };

esphome/components/template/datetime/template_datetime.cpp

@@ -43,16 +43,17 @@ void TemplateDateTime::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    this->year_ = val->year;
-    this->month_ = val->month;
-    this->day_ = val->day_of_month;
-    this->hour_ = val->hour;
-    this->minute_ = val->minute;
-    this->second_ = val->second;
-    this->publish_state();
-  }
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->year_ = val->year;
+  this->month_ = val->month;
+  this->day_ = val->day_of_month;
+  this->hour_ = val->hour;
+  this->minute_ = val->minute;
+  this->second_ = val->second;
+  this->publish_state();
 }
 
 void TemplateDateTime::control(const datetime::DateTimeCall &call) {

esphome/components/template/datetime/template_datetime.h

@@ -9,14 +9,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateDateTime : public datetime::DateTimeEntity, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<ESPTime> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ class TemplateDateTime : public datetime::DateTimeEntity, public PollingComponen
   ESPTime initial_value_{};
   bool restore_value_{false};
   Trigger<ESPTime> *set_trigger_ = new Trigger<ESPTime>();
-  TemplateLambda<ESPTime> f_;
+  optional<optional<ESPTime> (*)()> f_;
 
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
 };

esphome/components/template/datetime/template_time.cpp

@@ -40,13 +40,14 @@ void TemplateTime::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    this->hour_ = val->hour;
-    this->minute_ = val->minute;
-    this->second_ = val->second;
-    this->publish_state();
-  }
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->hour_ = val->hour;
+  this->minute_ = val->minute;
+  this->second_ = val->second;
+  this->publish_state();
 }
 
 void TemplateTime::control(const datetime::TimeCall &call) {

esphome/components/template/datetime/template_time.h

@@ -9,14 +9,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateTime : public datetime::TimeEntity, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<ESPTime> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ class TemplateTime : public datetime::TimeEntity, public PollingComponent {
   ESPTime initial_value_{};
   bool restore_value_{false};
   Trigger<ESPTime> *set_trigger_ = new Trigger<ESPTime>();
-  TemplateLambda<ESPTime> f_;
+  optional<optional<ESPTime> (*)()> f_;
 
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
 };

esphome/components/template/lock/template_lock.cpp

@@ -11,16 +11,14 @@ static const char *const TAG = "template.lock";
 TemplateLock::TemplateLock()
     : lock_trigger_(new Trigger<>()), unlock_trigger_(new Trigger<>()), open_trigger_(new Trigger<>()) {}
 
-void TemplateLock::setup() {
-  if (!this->f_.has_value())
-    this->disable_loop();
-}
-
 void TemplateLock::loop() {
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    this->publish_state(*val);
-  }
+  if (!this->f_.has_value())
+    return;
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->publish_state(*val);
 }
 void TemplateLock::control(const lock::LockCall &call) {
   if (this->prev_trigger_ != nullptr) {
@@ -47,6 +45,7 @@ void TemplateLock::open_latch() {
   this->open_trigger_->trigger();
 }
 void TemplateLock::set_optimistic(bool optimistic) { this->optimistic_ = optimistic; }
+void TemplateLock::set_state_lambda(optional<lock::LockState> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 float TemplateLock::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 Trigger<> *TemplateLock::get_lock_trigger() const { return this->lock_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *TemplateLock::get_unlock_trigger() const { return this->unlock_trigger_; }

esphome/components/template/lock/template_lock.h

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/lock/lock.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -12,10 +11,9 @@ class TemplateLock : public lock::Lock, public Component {
  public:
   TemplateLock();
 
-  void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
 
-  template<typename F> void set_state_lambda(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_state_lambda(optional<lock::LockState> (*f)());
   Trigger<> *get_lock_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_unlock_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_open_trigger() const;
@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ class TemplateLock : public lock::Lock, public Component {
   void control(const lock::LockCall &call) override;
   void open_latch() override;
 
-  TemplateLambda<lock::LockState> f_;
+  optional<optional<lock::LockState> (*)()> f_;
   bool optimistic_{false};
   Trigger<> *lock_trigger_;
   Trigger<> *unlock_trigger_;

esphome/components/template/number/template_number.cpp

@@ -30,10 +30,11 @@ void TemplateNumber::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    this->publish_state(*val);
-  }
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->publish_state(*val);
 }
 
 void TemplateNumber::control(float value) {

esphome/components/template/number/template_number.h

@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateNumber : public number::Number, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<float> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ class TemplateNumber : public number::Number, public PollingComponent {
   float initial_value_{NAN};
   bool restore_value_{false};
   Trigger<float> *set_trigger_ = new Trigger<float>();
-  TemplateLambda<float> f_;
+  optional<optional<float> (*)()> f_;
 
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
 };

esphome/components/template/select/template_select.cpp

@@ -31,14 +31,16 @@ void TemplateSelect::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    if (!this->has_option(*val)) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Lambda returned an invalid option: %s", (*val).c_str());
-      return;
-    }
-    this->publish_state(*val);
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  if (!this->has_option(*val)) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Lambda returned an invalid option: %s", (*val).c_str());
+    return;
   }
+
+  this->publish_state(*val);
 }
 
 void TemplateSelect::control(const std::string &value) {

esphome/components/template/select/template_select.h

@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateSelect : public select::Select, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<std::string> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ class TemplateSelect : public select::Select, public PollingComponent {
   size_t initial_option_index_{0};
   bool restore_value_ = false;
   Trigger<std::string> *set_trigger_ = new Trigger<std::string>();
-  TemplateLambda<std::string> f_;
+  optional<optional<std::string> (*)()> f_;
 
   ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
 };

esphome/components/template/sensor/template_sensor.cpp

@@ -11,14 +11,13 @@ void TemplateSensor::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
   if (val.has_value()) {
     this->publish_state(*val);
   }
 }
-
 float TemplateSensor::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
-
+void TemplateSensor::set_template(optional<float> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 void TemplateSensor::dump_config() {
   LOG_SENSOR("", "Template Sensor", this);
   LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);

esphome/components/template/sensor/template_sensor.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -9,7 +8,7 @@ namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<float> (*f)());
 
   void update() override;
 
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ class TemplateSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public PollingComponent {
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
 
  protected:
-  TemplateLambda<float> f_;
+  optional<optional<float> (*)()> f_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace template_

esphome/components/template/switch/template_switch.cpp

@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@ static const char *const TAG = "template.switch";
 TemplateSwitch::TemplateSwitch() : turn_on_trigger_(new Trigger<>()), turn_off_trigger_(new Trigger<>()) {}
 
 void TemplateSwitch::loop() {
-  auto s = this->f_();
-  if (s.has_value()) {
-    this->publish_state(*s);
-  }
+  if (!this->f_.has_value())
+    return;
+  auto s = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!s.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->publish_state(*s);
 }
 void TemplateSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
   if (this->prev_trigger_ != nullptr) {
@@ -32,13 +35,11 @@ void TemplateSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
 }
 void TemplateSwitch::set_optimistic(bool optimistic) { this->optimistic_ = optimistic; }
 bool TemplateSwitch::assumed_state() { return this->assumed_state_; }
+void TemplateSwitch::set_state_lambda(optional<bool> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 float TemplateSwitch::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE - 2.0f; }
 Trigger<> *TemplateSwitch::get_turn_on_trigger() const { return this->turn_on_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *TemplateSwitch::get_turn_off_trigger() const { return this->turn_off_trigger_; }
 void TemplateSwitch::setup() {
-  if (!this->f_.has_value())
-    this->disable_loop();
-
   optional<bool> initial_state = this->get_initial_state_with_restore_mode();
 
   if (initial_state.has_value()) {

esphome/components/template/switch/template_switch.h

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/switch/switch.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ class TemplateSwitch : public switch_::Switch, public Component {
   void setup() override;
   void dump_config() override;
 
-  template<typename F> void set_state_lambda(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_state_lambda(optional<bool> (*f)());
   Trigger<> *get_turn_on_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_turn_off_trigger() const;
   void set_optimistic(bool optimistic);
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ class TemplateSwitch : public switch_::Switch, public Component {
 
   void write_state(bool state) override;
 
-  TemplateLambda<bool> f_;
+  optional<optional<bool> (*)()> f_;
   bool optimistic_{false};
   bool assumed_state_{false};
   Trigger<> *turn_on_trigger_;

esphome/components/template/text/template_text.cpp

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ namespace template_ {
 static const char *const TAG = "template.text";
 
 void TemplateText::setup() {
-  if (this->f_.has_value())
-    return;
+  if (!(this->f_ == nullptr)) {
+    if (this->f_.has_value())
+      return;
+  }
   std::string value = this->initial_value_;
   if (!this->pref_) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "State from initial: %s", value.c_str());
@@ -24,13 +26,17 @@ void TemplateText::setup() {
 }
 
 void TemplateText::update() {
+  if (this->f_ == nullptr)
+    return;
+
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
-  if (val.has_value()) {
-    this->publish_state(*val);
-  }
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
+  if (!val.has_value())
+    return;
+
+  this->publish_state(*val);
 }
 
 void TemplateText::control(const std::string &value) {

esphome/components/template/text/template_text.h

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/preferences.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace template_ {
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ template<uint8_t SZ> class TextSaver : public TemplateTextSaverBase {
 
 class TemplateText : public text::Text, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<std::string> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 
   void setup() override;
   void update() override;
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ class TemplateText : public text::Text, public PollingComponent {
   bool optimistic_ = false;
   std::string initial_value_;
   Trigger<std::string> *set_trigger_ = new Trigger<std::string>();
-  TemplateLambda<std::string> f_{};
+  optional<optional<std::string> (*)()> f_{nullptr};
 
   TemplateTextSaverBase *pref_ = nullptr;
 };

esphome/components/template/text_sensor/template_text_sensor.cpp

@@ -10,14 +10,13 @@ void TemplateTextSensor::update() {
   if (!this->f_.has_value())
     return;
 
-  auto val = this->f_();
+  auto val = (*this->f_)();
   if (val.has_value()) {
     this->publish_state(*val);
   }
 }
-
 float TemplateTextSensor::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
-
+void TemplateTextSensor::set_template(optional<std::string> (*f)()) { this->f_ = f; }
 void TemplateTextSensor::dump_config() { LOG_TEXT_SENSOR("", "Template Sensor", this); }
 
 }  // namespace template_

esphome/components/template/text_sensor/template_text_sensor.h

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/text_sensor/text_sensor.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ namespace template_ {
 
 class TemplateTextSensor : public text_sensor::TextSensor, public PollingComponent {
  public:
-  template<typename F> void set_template(F &&f) { this->f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_template(optional<std::string> (*f)());
 
   void update() override;
 
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ class TemplateTextSensor : public text_sensor::TextSensor, public PollingCompone
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:
-  TemplateLambda<std::string> f_{};
+  optional<optional<std::string> (*)()> f_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace template_

esphome/components/template/valve/template_valve.cpp

@@ -33,19 +33,19 @@ void TemplateValve::setup() {
       break;
     }
   }
-  if (!this->state_f_.has_value())
-    this->disable_loop();
 }
 
 void TemplateValve::loop() {
   bool changed = false;
 
-  auto s = this->state_f_();
-  if (s.has_value()) {
-    auto pos = clamp(*s, 0.0f, 1.0f);
-    if (pos != this->position) {
-      this->position = pos;
-      changed = true;
+  if (this->state_f_.has_value()) {
+    auto s = (*this->state_f_)();
+    if (s.has_value()) {
+      auto pos = clamp(*s, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+      if (pos != this->position) {
+        this->position = pos;
+        changed = true;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ void TemplateValve::loop() {
 
 void TemplateValve::set_optimistic(bool optimistic) { this->optimistic_ = optimistic; }
 void TemplateValve::set_assumed_state(bool assumed_state) { this->assumed_state_ = assumed_state; }
+void TemplateValve::set_state_lambda(optional<float> (*f)()) { this->state_f_ = f; }
 float TemplateValve::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::HARDWARE; }
 
 Trigger<> *TemplateValve::get_open_trigger() const { return this->open_trigger_; }

esphome/components/template/valve/template_valve.h

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
-#include "esphome/core/template_lambda.h"
 #include "esphome/components/valve/valve.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ class TemplateValve : public valve::Valve, public Component {
  public:
   TemplateValve();
 
-  template<typename F> void set_state_lambda(F &&f) { this->state_f_.set(std::forward<F>(f)); }
+  void set_state_lambda(optional<float> (*f)());
   Trigger<> *get_open_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_close_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_stop_trigger() const;
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ class TemplateValve : public valve::Valve, public Component {
   void stop_prev_trigger_();
 
   TemplateValveRestoreMode restore_mode_{VALVE_NO_RESTORE};
-  TemplateLambda<float> state_f_;
+  optional<optional<float> (*)()> state_f_;
   bool assumed_state_{false};
   bool optimistic_{false};
   Trigger<> *open_trigger_;

esphome/components/tm1621/tm1621.h

@@ -3,14 +3,13 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace tm1621 {
 
 class TM1621Display;
 
-using tm1621_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<TM1621Display>;
+using tm1621_writer_t = std::function<void(TM1621Display &)>;
 
 class TM1621Display : public PollingComponent {
  public:
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ class TM1621Display : public PollingComponent {
   GPIOPin *cs_pin_;
   GPIOPin *read_pin_;
   GPIOPin *write_pin_;
-  tm1621_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<tm1621_writer_t> writer_{};
   char row_[2][12];
   uint8_t state_;
   uint8_t device_;

esphome/components/tm1637/tm1637.h

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ class TM1637Display;
 class TM1637Key;
 #endif
 
-using tm1637_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<TM1637Display>;
+using tm1637_writer_t = std::function<void(TM1637Display &)>;
 
 class TM1637Display : public PollingComponent {
  public:
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ class TM1637Display : public PollingComponent {
   uint8_t length_;
   bool inverted_;
   bool on_{true};
-  tm1637_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<tm1637_writer_t> writer_{};
   uint8_t buffer_[6] = {0};
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
   std::vector<TM1637Key *> tm1637_keys_{};

esphome/components/tm1638/tm1638.h

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/time.h"
-#include "esphome/components/display/display.h"
 
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ class KeyListener {
 
 class TM1638Component;
 
-using tm1638_writer_t = display::DisplayWriter<TM1638Component>;
+using tm1638_writer_t = std::function<void(TM1638Component &)>;
 
 class TM1638Component : public PollingComponent {
  public:
@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@ class TM1638Component : public PollingComponent {
   GPIOPin *stb_pin_;
   GPIOPin *dio_pin_;
   uint8_t *buffer_ = new uint8_t[8];
-  tm1638_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<tm1638_writer_t> writer_{};
   std::vector<KeyListener *> listeners_{};
 };
 

esphome/config.py

@@ -319,9 +319,6 @@ def iter_ids(config, path=None):
             yield from iter_ids(item, path + [i])
     elif isinstance(config, dict):
         for key, value in config.items():
-            if len(path) == 0 and key == CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS:
-                # Ignore IDs in substitution definitions.
-                continue
             if isinstance(key, core.ID):
                 yield key, path
             yield from iter_ids(value, path + [key])

esphome/core/template_lambda.h

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "esphome/core/optional.h"
-
-namespace esphome {
-
-/** Lightweight wrapper for template platform lambdas (stateless function pointers only).
- *
- * This optimizes template platforms by storing only a function pointer (4 bytes on ESP32)
- * instead of std::function (16-32 bytes).
- *
- * IMPORTANT: This only supports stateless lambdas (no captures). The set_template() method
- * is an internal API used by YAML codegen, not intended for external use.
- *
- * Lambdas must return optional<T> to support the pattern:
- *   return {};    // Don't publish a value
- *   return 42.0;  // Publish this value
- *
- * operator() returns optional<T>, returning nullopt when no lambda is set (nullptr check).
- *
- * @tparam T The return type (e.g., float for sensor values)
- * @tparam Args Optional arguments for the lambda
- */
-template<typename T, typename... Args> class TemplateLambda {
- public:
-  TemplateLambda() : f_(nullptr) {}
-
-  /** Set the lambda function pointer.
-   * INTERNAL API: Only for use by YAML codegen.
-   * Only stateless lambdas (no captures) are supported.
-   */
-  void set(optional<T> (*f)(Args...)) { this->f_ = f; }
-
-  /** Check if a lambda is set */
-  bool has_value() const { return this->f_ != nullptr; }
-
-  /** Call the lambda, returning nullopt if no lambda is set */
-  optional<T> operator()(Args &&...args) {
-    if (this->f_ == nullptr)
-      return nullopt;
-    return this->f_(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-  }
-
-  /** Alias for operator() for compatibility */
-  optional<T> call(Args &&...args) { return (*this)(std::forward<Args>(args)...); }
-
- protected:
-  optional<T> (*f_)(Args...);  // Function pointer (4 bytes on ESP32)
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome

script/determine-jobs.py

@@ -43,14 +43,12 @@ from enum import StrEnum
 from functools import cache
 import json
 import os
-from pathlib import Path
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from typing import Any
 
 from helpers import (
     CPP_FILE_EXTENSIONS,
-    ESPHOME_TESTS_COMPONENTS_PATH,
     PYTHON_FILE_EXTENSIONS,
     changed_files,
     core_changed,
@@ -67,17 +65,12 @@ from helpers import (
     parse_test_filename,
     root_path,
 )
-from split_components_for_ci import create_intelligent_batches
 
 # Threshold for splitting clang-tidy jobs
 # For small PRs (< 65 files), use nosplit for faster CI
 # For large PRs (>= 65 files), use split for better parallelization
 CLANG_TIDY_SPLIT_THRESHOLD = 65
 
-# Component test batch size (weighted)
-# Isolated components count as 10x, groupable components count as 1x
-COMPONENT_TEST_BATCH_SIZE = 40
-
 
 class Platform(StrEnum):
     """Platform identifiers for memory impact analysis."""
@@ -693,22 +686,6 @@ def main() -> None:
     # Determine which C++ unit tests to run
     cpp_run_all, cpp_components = determine_cpp_unit_tests(args.branch)
 
-    # Split components into batches for CI testing
-    # This intelligently groups components with similar bus configurations
-    component_test_batches: list[str]
-    if changed_components_with_tests:
-        tests_dir = Path(root_path) / ESPHOME_TESTS_COMPONENTS_PATH
-        batches, _ = create_intelligent_batches(
-            components=changed_components_with_tests,
-            tests_dir=tests_dir,
-            batch_size=COMPONENT_TEST_BATCH_SIZE,
-            directly_changed=directly_changed_with_tests,
-        )
-        # Convert batches to space-separated strings for CI matrix
-        component_test_batches = [" ".join(batch) for batch in batches]
-    else:
-        component_test_batches = []
-
     output: dict[str, Any] = {
         "integration_tests": run_integration,
         "clang_tidy": run_clang_tidy,
@@ -726,7 +703,6 @@ def main() -> None:
         "memory_impact": memory_impact,
         "cpp_unit_tests_run_all": cpp_run_all,
         "cpp_unit_tests_components": cpp_components,
-        "component_test_batches": component_test_batches,
     }
 
     # Output as JSON

script/split_components_for_ci.py

@@ -62,10 +62,6 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
 ) -> tuple[list[list[str]], dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]]]:
     """Create batches optimized for component grouping.
 
-    IMPORTANT: This function is called from both split_components_for_ci.py (standalone script)
-    and determine-jobs.py (integrated into job determination). Be careful when refactoring
-    to ensure changes work in both contexts.
-
     Args:
         components: List of component names to batch
         tests_dir: Path to tests/components directory

tests/component_tests/gpio/test_gpio_binary_sensor.py

@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ def test_gpio_binary_sensor_basic_setup(
 
     assert "new gpio::GPIOBinarySensor();" in main_cpp
     assert "App.register_binary_sensor" in main_cpp
-    # set_use_interrupt(true) should NOT be generated (uses C++ default)
-    assert "bs_gpio->set_use_interrupt(true);" not in main_cpp
+    assert "bs_gpio->set_use_interrupt(true);" in main_cpp
     assert "bs_gpio->set_interrupt_type(gpio::INTERRUPT_ANY_EDGE);" in main_cpp
 
 
@@ -52,8 +51,8 @@ def test_gpio_binary_sensor_esp8266_other_pins_use_interrupt(
         "tests/component_tests/gpio/test_gpio_binary_sensor_esp8266.yaml"
     )
 
-    # GPIO5 should still use interrupts (default, so no setter call)
-    assert "bs_gpio5->set_use_interrupt(true);" not in main_cpp
+    # GPIO5 should still use interrupts
+    assert "bs_gpio5->set_use_interrupt(true);" in main_cpp
     assert "bs_gpio5->set_interrupt_type(gpio::INTERRUPT_ANY_EDGE);" in main_cpp
 
 

tests/components/image/test.host.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 display:
   - platform: sdl
-    id: image_display
     auto_clear_enabled: false
     dimensions:
       width: 480

tests/components/lvgl/common.yaml

@@ -52,19 +52,6 @@ number:
     widget: spinbox_id
     id: lvgl_spinbox_number
     name: LVGL Spinbox Number
-  - platform: template
-    id: test_brightness
-    name: "Test Brightness"
-    min_value: 0
-    max_value: 255
-    step: 1
-    optimistic: true
-    # Test lambda in automation accessing x parameter directly
-    # This is a real-world pattern from user configs
-    on_value:
-      - lambda: !lambda |-
-          // Direct use of x parameter in automation
-          ESP_LOGD("test", "Brightness: %.0f", x);
 
 light:
   - platform: lvgl
@@ -123,21 +110,3 @@ text:
     platform: lvgl
     widget: hello_label
     mode: text
-
-text_sensor:
-  - platform: template
-    id: test_text_sensor
-    name: "Test Text Sensor"
-    # Test nested lambdas in LVGL actions can access automation parameters
-    on_value:
-      - lvgl.label.update:
-          id: hello_label
-          text: !lambda return x.c_str();
-      - lvgl.label.update:
-          id: hello_label
-          text: !lambda |-
-            // Test complex lambda with conditionals accessing x parameter
-            if (x == "*") {
-              return "WILDCARD";
-            }
-            return x.c_str();

tests/components/lvgl/lvgl-package.yaml

@@ -257,30 +257,7 @@ lvgl:
             text: "Hello shiny day"
             text_color: 0xFFFFFF
             align: bottom_mid
-        - label:
-            id: setup_lambda_label
-            # Test lambda in widget property during setup (LvContext)
-            # Should NOT receive lv_component parameter
-            text: !lambda |-
-              char buf[32];
-              snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Setup: %d", 42);
-              return std::string(buf);
-            align: top_mid
             text_font: space16
-        - label:
-            id: chip_info_label
-            # Test complex setup lambda (real-world pattern)
-            # Should NOT receive lv_component parameter
-            text: !lambda |-
-              // Test conditional compilation and string formatting
-              char buf[64];
-              #ifdef USE_ESP_IDF
-              snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "IDF: v%d.%d", ESP_IDF_VERSION_MAJOR, ESP_IDF_VERSION_MINOR);
-              #else
-              snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Arduino");
-              #endif
-              return std::string(buf);
-            align: top_left
         - obj:
             align: center
             arc_opa: COVER

tests/components/remote_transmitter/esp32-common.yaml

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ remote_transmitter:
   - id: xmitr
     pin: ${pin}
     carrier_duty_percent: 50%
-    non_blocking: true
     clock_resolution: ${clock_resolution}
     rmt_symbols: ${rmt_symbols}
 

tests/components/sdl/common.yaml

@@ -13,14 +13,11 @@ display:
 
 binary_sensor:
   - platform: sdl
-    sdl_id: sdl_display
     id: key_up
     key: SDLK_a
   - platform: sdl
-    sdl_id: sdl_display
     id: key_down
     key: SDLK_d
   - platform: sdl
-    sdl_id: sdl_display
     id: key_enter
     key: SDLK_s

tests/components/template/common-base.yaml

@@ -9,13 +9,6 @@ esphome:
         id: template_sens
         state: !lambda "return 42.0;"
 
-    # Test C++ API: set_template() with stateless lambda (no captures)
-    # NOTE: set_template() is not intended to be a public API, but we test it to ensure it doesn't break.
-    - lambda: |-
-        id(template_sens).set_template([]() -> esphome::optional<float> {
-          return 123.0f;
-        });
-
     - datetime.date.set:
         id: test_date
         date:
@@ -222,7 +215,6 @@ cover:
 
 number:
   - platform: template
-    id: template_number
     name: "Template number"
     optimistic: true
     min_value: 0

tests/integration/fixtures/runtime_stats.yaml

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ switch:
     name: "Test Switch"
     id: test_switch
     optimistic: true
-    lambda: return false;
 
 interval:
   - interval: 0.5s

tests/script/test_determine_jobs.py

@@ -152,14 +152,6 @@ def test_main_all_tests_should_run(
     assert output["memory_impact"]["should_run"] == "false"
     assert output["cpp_unit_tests_run_all"] is False
     assert output["cpp_unit_tests_components"] == ["wifi", "api", "sensor"]
-    # component_test_batches should be present and be a list of space-separated strings
-    assert "component_test_batches" in output
-    assert isinstance(output["component_test_batches"], list)
-    # Each batch should be a space-separated string of component names
-    for batch in output["component_test_batches"]:
-        assert isinstance(batch, str)
-        # Should contain at least one component (no empty batches)
-        assert len(batch) > 0
 
 
 def test_main_no_tests_should_run(
@@ -217,9 +209,6 @@ def test_main_no_tests_should_run(
     assert output["memory_impact"]["should_run"] == "false"
     assert output["cpp_unit_tests_run_all"] is False
     assert output["cpp_unit_tests_components"] == []
-    # component_test_batches should be empty list
-    assert "component_test_batches" in output
-    assert output["component_test_batches"] == []
 
 
 def test_main_with_branch_argument(

tests/unit_tests/core/test_config.py

@@ -261,17 +261,6 @@ def test_device_duplicate_id(
     assert "ID duplicate_device redefined!" in captured.out
 
 
-def test_substitution_with_id(
-    yaml_file: Callable[[str], str], capsys: pytest.CaptureFixture[str]
-) -> None:
-    """Test that a ids coming from substitutions do not cause false positive ID redefinition."""
-    load_config_from_fixture(
-        yaml_file, "id_collision_with_substitution.yaml", FIXTURES_DIR
-    )
-    captured = capsys.readouterr()
-    assert "ID some_switch_id redefined!" not in captured.out
-
-
 def test_add_platform_defines_priority() -> None:
     """Test that _add_platform_defines runs after globals.
 

tests/unit_tests/fixtures/core/config/id_collision_with_substitution.yaml

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-esphome:
-  name: test
-
-host:
-
-substitutions:
-  support_switches:
-    - platform: gpio
-      id: some_switch_id
-      pin: 12
-
-switch: $support_switches

tests/unit_tests/test_main.py

@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ def test_choose_upload_log_host_ota_local_all_options() -> None:
         check_default=None,
         purpose=Purpose.UPLOADING,
     )
-    assert result == ["MQTTIP"]
+    assert result == ["MQTTIP", "test.local"]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_serial_ports")
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ def test_choose_upload_log_host_ota_local_all_options_logging() -> None:
         check_default=None,
         purpose=Purpose.LOGGING,
     )
-    assert result == ["MQTTIP", "MQTT"]
+    assert result == ["MQTTIP", "MQTT", "test.local"]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_mqtt_logging")
@@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ def test_has_resolvable_address() -> None:
     setup_core(
         config={CONF_MDNS: {CONF_DISABLED: True}}, address="esphome-device.local"
     )
-    assert has_resolvable_address() is False
+    assert has_resolvable_address() is True
 
     # Test with mDNS disabled and regular DNS hostname (resolvable)
     setup_core(config={CONF_MDNS: {CONF_DISABLED: True}}, address="device.example.com")