Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/ci_impact_analysis' into 20251001-thermostat-humidity-support

Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.coveragerc

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 [run]
 omit =
     esphome/components/*
+    esphome/analyze_memory/*
     tests/integration/*

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ jobs:
       changed-components-with-tests: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.changed-components-with-tests }}
       directly-changed-components-with-tests: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.directly-changed-components-with-tests }}
       component-test-count: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.component-test-count }}
+      memory_impact: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.memory-impact }}
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "changed-components-with-tests=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.changed_components_with_tests')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "directly-changed-components-with-tests=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.directly_changed_components_with_tests')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "component-test-count=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.component_test_count')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "memory-impact=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.memory_impact')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
   integration-tests:
     name: Run integration tests
@@ -379,7 +381,16 @@ jobs:
 
           # Use intelligent splitter that groups components with same bus configs
           components='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.changed-components-with-tests }}'
-          directly_changed='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.directly-changed-components-with-tests }}'
+
+          # Only isolate directly changed components when targeting dev branch
+          # For beta/release branches, group everything for faster CI
+          if [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == beta* ]] || [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == release* ]]; then
+            directly_changed='[]'
+            echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - grouping all components"
+          else
+            directly_changed='${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.directly-changed-components-with-tests }}'
+            echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - isolating directly changed components"
+          fi
 
           echo "Splitting components intelligently..."
           output=$(python3 script/split_components_for_ci.py --components "$components" --directly-changed "$directly_changed" --batch-size 40 --output github)
@@ -396,7 +407,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.component-test-count) > 0
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
-      max-parallel: ${{ (github.base_ref == 'beta' || github.base_ref == 'release') && 8 || 4 }}
+      max-parallel: ${{ (startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') || startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')) && 8 || 4 }}
       matrix:
         components: ${{ fromJson(needs.test-build-components-splitter.outputs.matrix) }}
     steps:
@@ -424,18 +435,31 @@ jobs:
       - name: Validate and compile components with intelligent grouping
         run: |
           . venv/bin/activate
-          # Use /mnt for build files (70GB available vs ~29GB on /)
-          # Bind mount PlatformIO directory to /mnt (tools, packages, build cache all go there)
-          sudo mkdir -p /mnt/platformio
-          sudo chown $USER:$USER /mnt/platformio
-          mkdir -p ~/.platformio
-          sudo mount --bind /mnt/platformio ~/.platformio
 
-          # Bind mount test build directory to /mnt
-          sudo mkdir -p /mnt/test_build_components_build
-          sudo chown $USER:$USER /mnt/test_build_components_build
-          mkdir -p tests/test_build_components/build
-          sudo mount --bind /mnt/test_build_components_build tests/test_build_components/build
+          # Check if /mnt has more free space than / before bind mounting
+          # Extract available space in KB for comparison
+          root_avail=$(df -k / | awk 'NR==2 {print $4}')
+          mnt_avail=$(df -k /mnt 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR==2 {print $4}')
+
+          echo "Available space: / has ${root_avail}KB, /mnt has ${mnt_avail}KB"
+
+          # Only use /mnt if it has more space than /
+          if [ -n "$mnt_avail" ] && [ "$mnt_avail" -gt "$root_avail" ]; then
+            echo "Using /mnt for build files (more space available)"
+            # Bind mount PlatformIO directory to /mnt (tools, packages, build cache all go there)
+            sudo mkdir -p /mnt/platformio
+            sudo chown $USER:$USER /mnt/platformio
+            mkdir -p ~/.platformio
+            sudo mount --bind /mnt/platformio ~/.platformio
+
+            # Bind mount test build directory to /mnt
+            sudo mkdir -p /mnt/test_build_components_build
+            sudo chown $USER:$USER /mnt/test_build_components_build
+            mkdir -p tests/test_build_components/build
+            sudo mount --bind /mnt/test_build_components_build tests/test_build_components/build
+          else
+            echo "Using / for build files (more space available than /mnt or /mnt unavailable)"
+          fi
 
           # Convert space-separated components to comma-separated for Python script
           components_csv=$(echo "${{ matrix.components }}" | tr ' ' ',')
@@ -448,7 +472,7 @@ jobs:
           # - This catches pin conflicts and other issues in directly changed code
           # - Grouped tests use --testing-mode to allow config merging (disables some checks)
           # - Dependencies are safe to group since they weren't modified in this PR
-          if [ "${{ github.base_ref }}" = "beta" ] || [ "${{ github.base_ref }}" = "release" ]; then
+          if [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == beta* ]] || [[ "${{ github.base_ref }}" == release* ]]; then
             directly_changed_csv=""
             echo "Testing components: $components_csv"
             echo "Target branch: ${{ github.base_ref }} - grouping all components"
@@ -459,6 +483,11 @@ jobs:
           fi
           echo ""
 
+          # Show disk space before validation (after bind mounts setup)
+          echo "Disk space before config validation:"
+          df -h
+          echo ""
+
           # Run config validation with grouping and isolation
           python3 script/test_build_components.py -e config -c "$components_csv" -f --isolate "$directly_changed_csv"
 
@@ -466,6 +495,11 @@ jobs:
           echo "Config validation passed! Starting compilation..."
           echo ""
 
+          # Show disk space before compilation
+          echo "Disk space before compilation:"
+          df -h
+          echo ""
+
           # Run compilation with grouping and isolation
           python3 script/test_build_components.py -e compile -c "$components_csv" -f --isolate "$directly_changed_csv"
 
@@ -474,7 +508,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs:
       - common
-    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.base_ref != 'beta' && github.base_ref != 'release'
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'beta') && !startsWith(github.base_ref, 'release')
     steps:
       - name: Check out code from GitHub
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
@@ -489,6 +523,292 @@ jobs:
       - uses: pre-commit-ci/lite-action@5d6cc0eb514c891a40562a58a8e71576c5c7fb43 # v1.1.0
         if: always()
 
+  memory-impact-target-branch:
+    name: Build target branch for memory impact
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    needs:
+      - common
+      - determine-jobs
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).should_run == 'true'
+    outputs:
+      ram_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.ram_usage }}
+      flash_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.flash_usage }}
+      cache_hit: ${{ steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit }}
+      skip: ${{ steps.check-script.outputs.skip }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out target branch
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.base_ref }}
+
+      # Check if memory impact extraction script exists on target branch
+      # If not, skip the analysis (this handles older branches that don't have the feature)
+      - name: Check for memory impact script
+        id: check-script
+        run: |
+          if [ -f "script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py" ]; then
+            echo "skip=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            echo "skip=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "::warning::ci_memory_impact_extract.py not found on target branch, skipping memory impact analysis"
+          fi
+
+      # All remaining steps only run if script exists
+      - name: Generate cache key
+        id: cache-key
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true'
+        run: |
+          # Get the commit SHA of the target branch
+          target_sha=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+          # Hash the build infrastructure files (all files that affect build/analysis)
+          infra_hash=$(cat \
+            script/test_build_components.py \
+            script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py \
+            script/analyze_component_buses.py \
+            script/merge_component_configs.py \
+            script/ci_helpers.py \
+            .github/workflows/ci.yml \
+            | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)
+
+          # Get platform and components from job inputs
+          platform="${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}"
+          components='${{ toJSON(fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).components) }}'
+          components_hash=$(echo "$components" | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)
+
+          # Combine into cache key
+          cache_key="memory-analysis-target-${target_sha}-${infra_hash}-${platform}-${components_hash}"
+          echo "cache-key=${cache_key}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "Cache key: ${cache_key}"
+
+      - name: Restore cached memory analysis
+        id: cache-memory-analysis
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true'
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          path: memory-analysis-target.json
+          key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.cache-key }}
+
+      - name: Cache status
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true'
+        run: |
+          if [ "${{ steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit }}" == "true" ]; then
+            echo "✓ Cache hit! Using cached memory analysis results."
+            echo "  Skipping build step to save time."
+          else
+            echo "✗ Cache miss. Will build and analyze memory usage."
+          fi
+
+      - name: Restore Python
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
+          cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
+
+      - name: Cache platformio
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          path: ~/.platformio
+          key: platformio-memory-${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
+
+      - name: Build, compile, and analyze memory
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        id: build
+        run: |
+          . venv/bin/activate
+          components='${{ toJSON(fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).components) }}'
+          platform="${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}"
+
+          echo "Building with test_build_components.py for $platform with components:"
+          echo "$components" | jq -r '.[]' | sed 's/^/  - /'
+
+          # Use test_build_components.py which handles grouping automatically
+          # Pass components as comma-separated list
+          component_list=$(echo "$components" | jq -r 'join(",")')
+
+          echo "Compiling with test_build_components.py..."
+
+          # Run build and extract memory with auto-detection of build directory for detailed analysis
+          # Use tee to show output in CI while also piping to extraction script
+          python script/test_build_components.py \
+            -e compile \
+            -c "$component_list" \
+            -t "$platform" 2>&1 | \
+            tee /dev/stderr | \
+            python script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py \
+              --output-env \
+              --output-json memory-analysis-target.json
+
+      - name: Save memory analysis to cache
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true' && steps.cache-memory-analysis.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          path: memory-analysis-target.json
+          key: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.cache-key }}
+
+      - name: Extract memory usage for outputs
+        id: extract
+        if: steps.check-script.outputs.skip != 'true'
+        run: |
+          if [ -f memory-analysis-target.json ]; then
+            ram=$(jq -r '.ram_bytes' memory-analysis-target.json)
+            flash=$(jq -r '.flash_bytes' memory-analysis-target.json)
+            echo "ram_usage=${ram}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "flash_usage=${flash}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "RAM: ${ram} bytes, Flash: ${flash} bytes"
+          else
+            echo "Error: memory-analysis-target.json not found"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Upload memory analysis JSON
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
+        with:
+          name: memory-analysis-target
+          path: memory-analysis-target.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  memory-impact-pr-branch:
+    name: Build PR branch for memory impact
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    needs:
+      - common
+      - determine-jobs
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).should_run == 'true'
+    outputs:
+      ram_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.ram_usage }}
+      flash_usage: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.flash_usage }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out PR branch
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - name: Restore Python
+        uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
+          cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
+      - name: Cache platformio
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          path: ~/.platformio
+          key: platformio-memory-${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}-${{ hashFiles('platformio.ini') }}
+      - name: Build, compile, and analyze memory
+        id: extract
+        run: |
+          . venv/bin/activate
+          components='${{ toJSON(fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).components) }}'
+          platform="${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}"
+
+          echo "Building with test_build_components.py for $platform with components:"
+          echo "$components" | jq -r '.[]' | sed 's/^/  - /'
+
+          # Use test_build_components.py which handles grouping automatically
+          # Pass components as comma-separated list
+          component_list=$(echo "$components" | jq -r 'join(",")')
+
+          echo "Compiling with test_build_components.py..."
+
+          # Run build and extract memory with auto-detection of build directory for detailed analysis
+          # Use tee to show output in CI while also piping to extraction script
+          python script/test_build_components.py \
+            -e compile \
+            -c "$component_list" \
+            -t "$platform" 2>&1 | \
+            tee /dev/stderr | \
+            python script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py \
+              --output-env \
+              --output-json memory-analysis-pr.json
+      - name: Upload memory analysis JSON
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
+        with:
+          name: memory-analysis-pr
+          path: memory-analysis-pr.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  memory-impact-comment:
+    name: Comment memory impact
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    needs:
+      - common
+      - determine-jobs
+      - memory-impact-target-branch
+      - memory-impact-pr-branch
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).should_run == 'true' && needs.memory-impact-target-branch.outputs.skip != 'true'
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      pull-requests: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out code
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      - name: Restore Python
+        uses: ./.github/actions/restore-python
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ env.DEFAULT_PYTHON }}
+          cache-key: ${{ needs.common.outputs.cache-key }}
+      - name: Download target analysis JSON
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          name: memory-analysis-target
+          path: ./memory-analysis
+        continue-on-error: true
+      - name: Download PR analysis JSON
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093 # v4.3.0
+        with:
+          name: memory-analysis-pr
+          path: ./memory-analysis
+        continue-on-error: true
+      - name: Post or update PR comment
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          COMPONENTS: ${{ toJSON(fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).components) }}
+          PLATFORM: ${{ fromJSON(needs.determine-jobs.outputs.memory_impact).platform }}
+          TARGET_RAM: ${{ needs.memory-impact-target-branch.outputs.ram_usage }}
+          TARGET_FLASH: ${{ needs.memory-impact-target-branch.outputs.flash_usage }}
+          PR_RAM: ${{ needs.memory-impact-pr-branch.outputs.ram_usage }}
+          PR_FLASH: ${{ needs.memory-impact-pr-branch.outputs.flash_usage }}
+          TARGET_CACHE_HIT: ${{ needs.memory-impact-target-branch.outputs.cache_hit }}
+        run: |
+          . venv/bin/activate
+
+          # Check if analysis JSON files exist
+          target_json_arg=""
+          pr_json_arg=""
+
+          if [ -f ./memory-analysis/memory-analysis-target.json ]; then
+            echo "Found target analysis JSON"
+            target_json_arg="--target-json ./memory-analysis/memory-analysis-target.json"
+          else
+            echo "No target analysis JSON found"
+          fi
+
+          if [ -f ./memory-analysis/memory-analysis-pr.json ]; then
+            echo "Found PR analysis JSON"
+            pr_json_arg="--pr-json ./memory-analysis/memory-analysis-pr.json"
+          else
+            echo "No PR analysis JSON found"
+          fi
+
+          # Add cache flag if target was cached
+          cache_flag=""
+          if [ "$TARGET_CACHE_HIT" == "true" ]; then
+            cache_flag="--target-cache-hit"
+          fi
+
+          python script/ci_memory_impact_comment.py \
+            --pr-number "${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}" \
+            --components "$COMPONENTS" \
+            --platform "$PLATFORM" \
+            --target-ram "$TARGET_RAM" \
+            --target-flash "$TARGET_FLASH" \
+            --pr-ram "$PR_RAM" \
+            --pr-flash "$PR_FLASH" \
+            $target_json_arg \
+            $pr_json_arg \
+            $cache_flag
+
   ci-status:
     name: CI Status
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
@@ -503,6 +823,9 @@ jobs:
       - test-build-components-splitter
       - test-build-components-split
       - pre-commit-ci-lite
+      - memory-impact-target-branch
+      - memory-impact-pr-branch
+      - memory-impact-comment
     if: always()
     steps:
       - name: Success

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
       # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5 # v4.30.8
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047 # v4.30.9
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ jobs:
           exit 1
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5 # v4.30.8
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047 # v4.30.9
         with:
           category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ci:
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Ruff version.
-    rev: v0.14.0
+    rev: v0.14.1
     hooks:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff

CODEOWNERS

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ esphome/components/bedjet/fan/* @jhansche
 esphome/components/bedjet/sensor/* @javawizard @jhansche
 esphome/components/beken_spi_led_strip/* @Mat931
 esphome/components/bh1750/* @OttoWinter
+esphome/components/bh1900nux/* @B48D81EFCC
 esphome/components/binary_sensor/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/bk72xx/* @kuba2k2
 esphome/components/bl0906/* @athom-tech @jesserockz @tarontop

esphome/__main__.py

@@ -117,6 +117,17 @@ class Purpose(StrEnum):
     LOGGING = "logging"
 
 
+class PortType(StrEnum):
+    SERIAL = "SERIAL"
+    NETWORK = "NETWORK"
+    MQTT = "MQTT"
+    MQTTIP = "MQTTIP"
+
+
+# Magic MQTT port types that require special handling
+_MQTT_PORT_TYPES = frozenset({PortType.MQTT, PortType.MQTTIP})
+
+
 def _resolve_with_cache(address: str, purpose: Purpose) -> list[str]:
     """Resolve an address using cache if available, otherwise return the address itself."""
     if CORE.address_cache and (cached := CORE.address_cache.get_addresses(address)):
@@ -280,16 +291,67 @@ def mqtt_get_ip(config: ConfigType, username: str, password: str, client_id: str
     return mqtt.get_esphome_device_ip(config, username, password, client_id)
 
 
-_PORT_TO_PORT_TYPE = {
-    "MQTT": "MQTT",
-    "MQTTIP": "MQTTIP",
-}
+def _resolve_network_devices(
+    devices: list[str], config: ConfigType, args: ArgsProtocol
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Resolve device list, converting MQTT magic strings to actual IP addresses.
+
+    This function filters the devices list to:
+    - Replace MQTT/MQTTIP magic strings with actual IP addresses via MQTT lookup
+    - Deduplicate addresses while preserving order
+    - Only resolve MQTT once even if multiple MQTT strings are present
+    - If MQTT resolution fails, log a warning and continue with other devices
+
+    Args:
+        devices: List of device identifiers (IPs, hostnames, or magic strings)
+        config: ESPHome configuration
+        args: Command-line arguments containing MQTT credentials
+
+    Returns:
+        List of network addresses suitable for connection attempts
+    """
+    network_devices: list[str] = []
+    mqtt_resolved: bool = False
+
+    for device in devices:
+        port_type = get_port_type(device)
+        if port_type in _MQTT_PORT_TYPES:
+            # Only resolve MQTT once, even if multiple MQTT entries
+            if not mqtt_resolved:
+                try:
+                    mqtt_ips = mqtt_get_ip(
+                        config, args.username, args.password, args.client_id
+                    )
+                    network_devices.extend(mqtt_ips)
+                except EsphomeError as err:
+                    _LOGGER.warning(
+                        "MQTT IP discovery failed (%s), will try other devices if available",
+                        err,
+                    )
+                mqtt_resolved = True
+        elif device not in network_devices:
+            # Regular network address or IP - add if not already present
+            network_devices.append(device)
+
+    return network_devices
 
 
-def get_port_type(port: str) -> str:
+def get_port_type(port: str) -> PortType:
+    """Determine the type of port/device identifier.
+
+    Returns:
+        PortType.SERIAL for serial ports (/dev/ttyUSB0, COM1, etc.)
+        PortType.MQTT for MQTT logging
+        PortType.MQTTIP for MQTT IP lookup
+        PortType.NETWORK for IP addresses, hostnames, or mDNS names
+    """
     if port.startswith("/") or port.startswith("COM"):
-        return "SERIAL"
-    return _PORT_TO_PORT_TYPE.get(port, "NETWORK")
+        return PortType.SERIAL
+    if port == "MQTT":
+        return PortType.MQTT
+    if port == "MQTTIP":
+        return PortType.MQTTIP
+    return PortType.NETWORK
 
 
 def run_miniterm(config: ConfigType, port: str, args) -> int:
@@ -404,7 +466,9 @@ def write_cpp_file() -> int:
 def compile_program(args: ArgsProtocol, config: ConfigType) -> int:
     from esphome import platformio_api
 
-    _LOGGER.info("Compiling app...")
+    # NOTE: "Build path:" format is parsed by script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py
+    # If you change this format, update the regex in that script as well
+    _LOGGER.info("Compiling app... Build path: %s", CORE.build_path)
     rc = platformio_api.run_compile(config, CORE.verbose)
     if rc != 0:
         return rc
@@ -489,7 +553,7 @@ def upload_using_platformio(config: ConfigType, port: str):
 
 
 def check_permissions(port: str):
-    if os.name == "posix" and get_port_type(port) == "SERIAL":
+    if os.name == "posix" and get_port_type(port) == PortType.SERIAL:
         # Check if we can open selected serial port
         if not os.access(port, os.F_OK):
             raise EsphomeError(
@@ -517,7 +581,7 @@ def upload_program(
     except AttributeError:
         pass
 
-    if get_port_type(host) == "SERIAL":
+    if get_port_type(host) == PortType.SERIAL:
         check_permissions(host)
 
         exit_code = 1
@@ -544,17 +608,16 @@ def upload_program(
     from esphome import espota2
 
     remote_port = int(ota_conf[CONF_PORT])
-    password = ota_conf.get(CONF_PASSWORD, "")
+    password = ota_conf.get(CONF_PASSWORD)
     if getattr(args, "file", None) is not None:
         binary = Path(args.file)
     else:
         binary = CORE.firmware_bin
 
-    # MQTT address resolution
-    if get_port_type(host) in ("MQTT", "MQTTIP"):
-        devices = mqtt_get_ip(config, args.username, args.password, args.client_id)
+    # Resolve MQTT magic strings to actual IP addresses
+    network_devices = _resolve_network_devices(devices, config, args)
 
-    return espota2.run_ota(devices, remote_port, password, binary)
+    return espota2.run_ota(network_devices, remote_port, password, binary)
 
 
 def show_logs(config: ConfigType, args: ArgsProtocol, devices: list[str]) -> int | None:
@@ -569,33 +632,22 @@ def show_logs(config: ConfigType, args: ArgsProtocol, devices: list[str]) -> int
         raise EsphomeError("Logger is not configured!")
 
     port = devices[0]
+    port_type = get_port_type(port)
 
-    if get_port_type(port) == "SERIAL":
+    if port_type == PortType.SERIAL:
         check_permissions(port)
         return run_miniterm(config, port, args)
 
-    port_type = get_port_type(port)
-
     # Check if we should use API for logging
-    if has_api():
-        addresses_to_use: list[str] | None = None
+    # Resolve MQTT magic strings to actual IP addresses
+    if has_api() and (
+        network_devices := _resolve_network_devices(devices, config, args)
+    ):
+        from esphome.components.api.client import run_logs
 
-        if port_type == "NETWORK":
-            # Network addresses (IPs, mDNS names, or regular DNS hostnames) can be used
-            # The resolve_ip_address() function in helpers.py handles all types
-            addresses_to_use = devices
-        elif port_type in ("MQTT", "MQTTIP") and has_mqtt_ip_lookup():
-            # Use MQTT IP lookup for MQTT/MQTTIP types
-            addresses_to_use = mqtt_get_ip(
-                config, args.username, args.password, args.client_id
-            )
+        return run_logs(config, network_devices)
 
-        if addresses_to_use is not None:
-            from esphome.components.api.client import run_logs
-
-            return run_logs(config, addresses_to_use)
-
-    if port_type in ("NETWORK", "MQTT") and has_mqtt_logging():
+    if port_type in (PortType.NETWORK, PortType.MQTT) and has_mqtt_logging():
         from esphome import mqtt
 
         return mqtt.show_logs(

esphome/analyze_memory/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+"""Memory usage analyzer for ESPHome compiled binaries."""
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import subprocess
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .const import (
+    CORE_SUBCATEGORY_PATTERNS,
+    DEMANGLED_PATTERNS,
+    ESPHOME_COMPONENT_PATTERN,
+    SECTION_TO_ATTR,
+    SYMBOL_PATTERNS,
+)
+from .helpers import (
+    get_component_class_patterns,
+    get_esphome_components,
+    map_section_name,
+    parse_symbol_line,
+)
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from esphome.platformio_api import IDEData
+
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# GCC global constructor/destructor prefix annotations
+_GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS = {
+    "_GLOBAL__sub_I_": "global constructor for",
+    "_GLOBAL__sub_D_": "global destructor for",
+}
+
+# GCC optimization suffix pattern (e.g., $isra$0, $part$1, $constprop$2)
+_GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN = re.compile(r"(\$(?:isra|part|constprop)\$\d+)")
+
+# C++ runtime patterns for categorization
+_CPP_RUNTIME_PATTERNS = frozenset(["vtable", "typeinfo", "thunk"])
+
+# libc printf/scanf family base names (used to detect variants like _printf_r, vfprintf, etc.)
+_LIBC_PRINTF_SCANF_FAMILY = frozenset(["printf", "fprintf", "sprintf", "scanf"])
+
+# Regex pattern for parsing readelf section headers
+# Format: [ #] name type addr off size
+_READELF_SECTION_PATTERN = re.compile(
+    r"\s*\[\s*\d+\]\s+([\.\w]+)\s+\w+\s+[\da-fA-F]+\s+[\da-fA-F]+\s+([\da-fA-F]+)"
+)
+
+# Component category prefixes
+_COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME = "[esphome]"
+_COMPONENT_PREFIX_EXTERNAL = "[external]"
+_COMPONENT_CORE = f"{_COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME}core"
+_COMPONENT_API = f"{_COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME}api"
+
+# C++ namespace prefixes
+_NAMESPACE_ESPHOME = "esphome::"
+_NAMESPACE_STD = "std::"
+
+# Type alias for symbol information: (symbol_name, size, component)
+SymbolInfoType = tuple[str, int, str]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MemorySection:
+    """Represents a memory section with its symbols."""
+
+    name: str
+    symbols: list[SymbolInfoType] = field(default_factory=list)
+    total_size: int = 0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ComponentMemory:
+    """Tracks memory usage for a component."""
+
+    name: str
+    text_size: int = 0  # Code in flash
+    rodata_size: int = 0  # Read-only data in flash
+    data_size: int = 0  # Initialized data (flash + ram)
+    bss_size: int = 0  # Uninitialized data (ram only)
+    symbol_count: int = 0
+
+    @property
+    def flash_total(self) -> int:
+        """Total flash usage (text + rodata + data)."""
+        return self.text_size + self.rodata_size + self.data_size
+
+    @property
+    def ram_total(self) -> int:
+        """Total RAM usage (data + bss)."""
+        return self.data_size + self.bss_size
+
+
+class MemoryAnalyzer:
+    """Analyzes memory usage from ELF files."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        elf_path: str,
+        objdump_path: str | None = None,
+        readelf_path: str | None = None,
+        external_components: set[str] | None = None,
+        idedata: "IDEData | None" = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Initialize memory analyzer.
+
+        Args:
+            elf_path: Path to ELF file to analyze
+            objdump_path: Path to objdump binary (auto-detected from idedata if not provided)
+            readelf_path: Path to readelf binary (auto-detected from idedata if not provided)
+            external_components: Set of external component names
+            idedata: Optional PlatformIO IDEData object to auto-detect toolchain paths
+        """
+        self.elf_path = Path(elf_path)
+        if not self.elf_path.exists():
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"ELF file not found: {elf_path}")
+
+        # Auto-detect toolchain paths from idedata if not provided
+        if idedata is not None and (objdump_path is None or readelf_path is None):
+            objdump_path = objdump_path or idedata.objdump_path
+            readelf_path = readelf_path or idedata.readelf_path
+            _LOGGER.debug("Using toolchain paths from PlatformIO idedata")
+
+        self.objdump_path = objdump_path or "objdump"
+        self.readelf_path = readelf_path or "readelf"
+        self.external_components = external_components or set()
+
+        self.sections: dict[str, MemorySection] = {}
+        self.components: dict[str, ComponentMemory] = defaultdict(
+            lambda: ComponentMemory("")
+        )
+        self._demangle_cache: dict[str, str] = {}
+        self._uncategorized_symbols: list[tuple[str, str, int]] = []
+        self._esphome_core_symbols: list[
+            tuple[str, str, int]
+        ] = []  # Track core symbols
+        self._component_symbols: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, int]]] = defaultdict(
+            list
+        )  # Track symbols for all components
+
+    def analyze(self) -> dict[str, ComponentMemory]:
+        """Analyze the ELF file and return component memory usage."""
+        self._parse_sections()
+        self._parse_symbols()
+        self._categorize_symbols()
+        return dict(self.components)
+
+    def _parse_sections(self) -> None:
+        """Parse section headers from ELF file."""
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            [self.readelf_path, "-S", str(self.elf_path)],
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+        # Parse section headers
+        for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+            # Look for section entries
+            if not (match := _READELF_SECTION_PATTERN.match(line)):
+                continue
+
+            section_name = match.group(1)
+            size_hex = match.group(2)
+            size = int(size_hex, 16)
+
+            # Map to standard section name
+            mapped_section = map_section_name(section_name)
+            if not mapped_section:
+                continue
+
+            if mapped_section not in self.sections:
+                self.sections[mapped_section] = MemorySection(mapped_section)
+            self.sections[mapped_section].total_size += size
+
+    def _parse_symbols(self) -> None:
+        """Parse symbols from ELF file."""
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            [self.objdump_path, "-t", str(self.elf_path)],
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+        # Track seen addresses to avoid duplicates
+        seen_addresses: set[str] = set()
+
+        for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+            if not (symbol_info := parse_symbol_line(line)):
+                continue
+
+            section, name, size, address = symbol_info
+
+            # Skip duplicate symbols at the same address (e.g., C1/C2 constructors)
+            if address in seen_addresses or section not in self.sections:
+                continue
+
+            self.sections[section].symbols.append((name, size, ""))
+            seen_addresses.add(address)
+
+    def _categorize_symbols(self) -> None:
+        """Categorize symbols by component."""
+        # First, collect all unique symbol names for batch demangling
+        all_symbols = {
+            symbol_name
+            for section in self.sections.values()
+            for symbol_name, _, _ in section.symbols
+        }
+
+        # Batch demangle all symbols at once
+        self._batch_demangle_symbols(list(all_symbols))
+
+        # Now categorize with cached demangled names
+        for section_name, section in self.sections.items():
+            for symbol_name, size, _ in section.symbols:
+                component = self._identify_component(symbol_name)
+
+                if component not in self.components:
+                    self.components[component] = ComponentMemory(component)
+
+                comp_mem = self.components[component]
+                comp_mem.symbol_count += 1
+
+                # Update the appropriate size attribute based on section
+                if attr_name := SECTION_TO_ATTR.get(section_name):
+                    setattr(comp_mem, attr_name, getattr(comp_mem, attr_name) + size)
+
+                # Track uncategorized symbols
+                if component == "other" and size > 0:
+                    demangled = self._demangle_symbol(symbol_name)
+                    self._uncategorized_symbols.append((symbol_name, demangled, size))
+
+                # Track ESPHome core symbols for detailed analysis
+                if component == _COMPONENT_CORE and size > 0:
+                    demangled = self._demangle_symbol(symbol_name)
+                    self._esphome_core_symbols.append((symbol_name, demangled, size))
+
+                # Track all component symbols for detailed analysis
+                if size > 0:
+                    demangled = self._demangle_symbol(symbol_name)
+                    self._component_symbols[component].append(
+                        (symbol_name, demangled, size)
+                    )
+
+    def _identify_component(self, symbol_name: str) -> str:
+        """Identify which component a symbol belongs to."""
+        # Demangle C++ names if needed
+        demangled = self._demangle_symbol(symbol_name)
+
+        # Check for special component classes first (before namespace pattern)
+        # This handles cases like esphome::ESPHomeOTAComponent which should map to ota
+        if _NAMESPACE_ESPHOME in demangled:
+            # Check for special component classes that include component name in the class
+            # For example: esphome::ESPHomeOTAComponent -> ota component
+            for component_name in get_esphome_components():
+                patterns = get_component_class_patterns(component_name)
+                if any(pattern in demangled for pattern in patterns):
+                    return f"{_COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME}{component_name}"
+
+        # Check for ESPHome component namespaces
+        match = ESPHOME_COMPONENT_PATTERN.search(demangled)
+        if match:
+            component_name = match.group(1)
+            # Strip trailing underscore if present (e.g., switch_ -> switch)
+            component_name = component_name.rstrip("_")
+
+            # Check if this is an actual component in the components directory
+            if component_name in get_esphome_components():
+                return f"{_COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME}{component_name}"
+            # Check if this is a known external component from the config
+            if component_name in self.external_components:
+                return f"{_COMPONENT_PREFIX_EXTERNAL}{component_name}"
+            # Everything else in esphome:: namespace is core
+            return _COMPONENT_CORE
+
+        # Check for esphome core namespace (no component namespace)
+        if _NAMESPACE_ESPHOME in demangled:
+            # If no component match found, it's core
+            return _COMPONENT_CORE
+
+        # Check against symbol patterns
+        for component, patterns in SYMBOL_PATTERNS.items():
+            if any(pattern in symbol_name for pattern in patterns):
+                return component
+
+        # Check against demangled patterns
+        for component, patterns in DEMANGLED_PATTERNS.items():
+            if any(pattern in demangled for pattern in patterns):
+                return component
+
+        # Special cases that need more complex logic
+
+        # Check if spi_flash vs spi_driver
+        if "spi_" in symbol_name or "SPI" in symbol_name:
+            return "spi_flash" if "spi_flash" in symbol_name else "spi_driver"
+
+        # libc special printf variants
+        if (
+            symbol_name.startswith("_")
+            and symbol_name[1:].replace("_r", "").replace("v", "").replace("s", "")
+            in _LIBC_PRINTF_SCANF_FAMILY
+        ):
+            return "libc"
+
+        # Track uncategorized symbols for analysis
+        return "other"
+
+    def _batch_demangle_symbols(self, symbols: list[str]) -> None:
+        """Batch demangle C++ symbol names for efficiency."""
+        if not symbols:
+            return
+
+        # Try to find the appropriate c++filt for the platform
+        cppfilt_cmd = "c++filt"
+
+        _LOGGER.info("Demangling %d symbols", len(symbols))
+        _LOGGER.debug("objdump_path = %s", self.objdump_path)
+
+        # Check if we have a toolchain-specific c++filt
+        if self.objdump_path and self.objdump_path != "objdump":
+            # Replace objdump with c++filt in the path
+            potential_cppfilt = self.objdump_path.replace("objdump", "c++filt")
+            _LOGGER.info("Checking for toolchain c++filt at: %s", potential_cppfilt)
+            if Path(potential_cppfilt).exists():
+                cppfilt_cmd = potential_cppfilt
+                _LOGGER.info("✓ Using toolchain c++filt: %s", cppfilt_cmd)
+            else:
+                _LOGGER.info(
+                    "✗ Toolchain c++filt not found at %s, using system c++filt",
+                    potential_cppfilt,
+                )
+        else:
+            _LOGGER.info("✗ Using system c++filt (objdump_path=%s)", self.objdump_path)
+
+        # Strip GCC optimization suffixes and prefixes before demangling
+        # Suffixes like $isra$0, $part$0, $constprop$0 confuse c++filt
+        # Prefixes like _GLOBAL__sub_I_ need to be removed and tracked
+        symbols_stripped: list[str] = []
+        symbols_prefixes: list[str] = []  # Track removed prefixes
+        for symbol in symbols:
+            # Remove GCC optimization markers
+            stripped = _GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN.sub("", symbol)
+
+            # Handle GCC global constructor/initializer prefixes
+            # _GLOBAL__sub_I_<mangled> -> extract <mangled> for demangling
+            prefix = ""
+            for gcc_prefix in _GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS:
+                if stripped.startswith(gcc_prefix):
+                    prefix = gcc_prefix
+                    stripped = stripped[len(prefix) :]
+                    break
+
+            symbols_stripped.append(stripped)
+            symbols_prefixes.append(prefix)
+
+        try:
+            # Send all symbols to c++filt at once
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                [cppfilt_cmd],
+                input="\n".join(symbols_stripped),
+                capture_output=True,
+                text=True,
+                check=False,
+            )
+        except (subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError, UnicodeDecodeError) as e:
+            # On error, cache originals
+            _LOGGER.warning("Failed to batch demangle symbols: %s", e)
+            for symbol in symbols:
+                self._demangle_cache[symbol] = symbol
+            return
+
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            _LOGGER.warning(
+                "c++filt exited with code %d: %s",
+                result.returncode,
+                result.stderr[:200] if result.stderr else "(no error output)",
+            )
+            # Cache originals on failure
+            for symbol in symbols:
+                self._demangle_cache[symbol] = symbol
+            return
+
+        # Process demangled output
+        self._process_demangled_output(
+            symbols, symbols_stripped, symbols_prefixes, result.stdout, cppfilt_cmd
+        )
+
+    def _process_demangled_output(
+        self,
+        symbols: list[str],
+        symbols_stripped: list[str],
+        symbols_prefixes: list[str],
+        demangled_output: str,
+        cppfilt_cmd: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Process demangled symbol output and populate cache.
+
+        Args:
+            symbols: Original symbol names
+            symbols_stripped: Stripped symbol names sent to c++filt
+            symbols_prefixes: Removed prefixes to restore
+            demangled_output: Output from c++filt
+            cppfilt_cmd: Path to c++filt command (for logging)
+        """
+        demangled_lines = demangled_output.strip().split("\n")
+        failed_count = 0
+
+        for original, stripped, prefix, demangled in zip(
+            symbols, symbols_stripped, symbols_prefixes, demangled_lines
+        ):
+            # Add back any prefix that was removed
+            demangled = self._restore_symbol_prefix(prefix, stripped, demangled)
+
+            # If we stripped a suffix, add it back to the demangled name for clarity
+            if original != stripped and not prefix:
+                demangled = self._restore_symbol_suffix(original, demangled)
+
+            self._demangle_cache[original] = demangled
+
+            # Log symbols that failed to demangle (stayed the same as stripped version)
+            if stripped == demangled and stripped.startswith("_Z"):
+                failed_count += 1
+                if failed_count <= 5:  # Only log first 5 failures
+                    _LOGGER.warning("Failed to demangle: %s", original)
+
+        if failed_count == 0:
+            _LOGGER.info("Successfully demangled all %d symbols", len(symbols))
+            return
+
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            "Failed to demangle %d/%d symbols using %s",
+            failed_count,
+            len(symbols),
+            cppfilt_cmd,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _restore_symbol_prefix(prefix: str, stripped: str, demangled: str) -> str:
+        """Restore prefix that was removed before demangling.
+
+        Args:
+            prefix: Prefix that was removed (e.g., "_GLOBAL__sub_I_")
+            stripped: Stripped symbol name
+            demangled: Demangled symbol name
+
+        Returns:
+            Demangled name with prefix restored/annotated
+        """
+        if not prefix:
+            return demangled
+
+        # Successfully demangled - add descriptive prefix
+        if demangled != stripped and (
+            annotation := _GCC_PREFIX_ANNOTATIONS.get(prefix)
+        ):
+            return f"[{annotation}: {demangled}]"
+
+        # Failed to demangle - restore original prefix
+        return prefix + demangled
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _restore_symbol_suffix(original: str, demangled: str) -> str:
+        """Restore GCC optimization suffix that was removed before demangling.
+
+        Args:
+            original: Original symbol name with suffix
+            demangled: Demangled symbol name without suffix
+
+        Returns:
+            Demangled name with suffix annotation
+        """
+        if suffix_match := _GCC_OPTIMIZATION_SUFFIX_PATTERN.search(original):
+            return f"{demangled} [{suffix_match.group(1)}]"
+        return demangled
+
+    def _demangle_symbol(self, symbol: str) -> str:
+        """Get demangled C++ symbol name from cache."""
+        return self._demangle_cache.get(symbol, symbol)
+
+    def _categorize_esphome_core_symbol(self, demangled: str) -> str:
+        """Categorize ESPHome core symbols into subcategories."""
+        # Special patterns that need to be checked separately
+        if any(pattern in demangled for pattern in _CPP_RUNTIME_PATTERNS):
+            return "C++ Runtime (vtables/RTTI)"
+
+        if demangled.startswith(_NAMESPACE_STD):
+            return "C++ STL"
+
+        # Check against patterns from const.py
+        for category, patterns in CORE_SUBCATEGORY_PATTERNS.items():
+            if any(pattern in demangled for pattern in patterns):
+                return category
+
+        return "Other Core"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from .cli import main
+
+    main()

esphome/analyze_memory/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""Main entry point for running the memory analyzer as a module."""
+
+from .cli import main
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

esphome/analyze_memory/cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,408 @@
+"""CLI interface for memory analysis with report generation."""
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+import sys
+
+from . import (
+    _COMPONENT_API,
+    _COMPONENT_CORE,
+    _COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME,
+    _COMPONENT_PREFIX_EXTERNAL,
+    MemoryAnalyzer,
+)
+
+
+class MemoryAnalyzerCLI(MemoryAnalyzer):
+    """Memory analyzer with CLI-specific report generation."""
+
+    # Column width constants
+    COL_COMPONENT: int = 29
+    COL_FLASH_TEXT: int = 14
+    COL_FLASH_DATA: int = 14
+    COL_RAM_DATA: int = 12
+    COL_RAM_BSS: int = 12
+    COL_TOTAL_FLASH: int = 15
+    COL_TOTAL_RAM: int = 12
+    COL_SEPARATOR: int = 3  # " | "
+
+    # Core analysis column widths
+    COL_CORE_SUBCATEGORY: int = 30
+    COL_CORE_SIZE: int = 12
+    COL_CORE_COUNT: int = 6
+    COL_CORE_PERCENT: int = 10
+
+    # Calculate table width once at class level
+    TABLE_WIDTH: int = (
+        COL_COMPONENT
+        + COL_SEPARATOR
+        + COL_FLASH_TEXT
+        + COL_SEPARATOR
+        + COL_FLASH_DATA
+        + COL_SEPARATOR
+        + COL_RAM_DATA
+        + COL_SEPARATOR
+        + COL_RAM_BSS
+        + COL_SEPARATOR
+        + COL_TOTAL_FLASH
+        + COL_SEPARATOR
+        + COL_TOTAL_RAM
+    )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _make_separator_line(*widths: int) -> str:
+        """Create a separator line with given column widths.
+
+        Args:
+            widths: Column widths to create separators for
+
+        Returns:
+            Separator line like "----+---------+-----"
+        """
+        return "-+-".join("-" * width for width in widths)
+
+    # Pre-computed separator lines
+    MAIN_TABLE_SEPARATOR: str = _make_separator_line(
+        COL_COMPONENT,
+        COL_FLASH_TEXT,
+        COL_FLASH_DATA,
+        COL_RAM_DATA,
+        COL_RAM_BSS,
+        COL_TOTAL_FLASH,
+        COL_TOTAL_RAM,
+    )
+
+    CORE_TABLE_SEPARATOR: str = _make_separator_line(
+        COL_CORE_SUBCATEGORY,
+        COL_CORE_SIZE,
+        COL_CORE_COUNT,
+        COL_CORE_PERCENT,
+    )
+
+    def generate_report(self, detailed: bool = False) -> str:
+        """Generate a formatted memory report."""
+        components = sorted(
+            self.components.items(), key=lambda x: x[1].flash_total, reverse=True
+        )
+
+        # Calculate totals
+        total_flash = sum(c.flash_total for _, c in components)
+        total_ram = sum(c.ram_total for _, c in components)
+
+        # Build report
+        lines: list[str] = []
+
+        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+        lines.append("Component Memory Analysis".center(self.TABLE_WIDTH))
+        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+        lines.append("")
+
+        # Main table - fixed column widths
+        lines.append(
+            f"{'Component':<{self.COL_COMPONENT}} | {'Flash (text)':>{self.COL_FLASH_TEXT}} | {'Flash (data)':>{self.COL_FLASH_DATA}} | {'RAM (data)':>{self.COL_RAM_DATA}} | {'RAM (bss)':>{self.COL_RAM_BSS}} | {'Total Flash':>{self.COL_TOTAL_FLASH}} | {'Total RAM':>{self.COL_TOTAL_RAM}}"
+        )
+        lines.append(self.MAIN_TABLE_SEPARATOR)
+
+        for name, mem in components:
+            if mem.flash_total > 0 or mem.ram_total > 0:
+                flash_rodata = mem.rodata_size + mem.data_size
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{name:<{self.COL_COMPONENT}} | {mem.text_size:>{self.COL_FLASH_TEXT - 2},} B | {flash_rodata:>{self.COL_FLASH_DATA - 2},} B | "
+                    f"{mem.data_size:>{self.COL_RAM_DATA - 2},} B | {mem.bss_size:>{self.COL_RAM_BSS - 2},} B | "
+                    f"{mem.flash_total:>{self.COL_TOTAL_FLASH - 2},} B | {mem.ram_total:>{self.COL_TOTAL_RAM - 2},} B"
+                )
+
+        lines.append(self.MAIN_TABLE_SEPARATOR)
+        lines.append(
+            f"{'TOTAL':<{self.COL_COMPONENT}} | {' ':>{self.COL_FLASH_TEXT}} | {' ':>{self.COL_FLASH_DATA}} | "
+            f"{' ':>{self.COL_RAM_DATA}} | {' ':>{self.COL_RAM_BSS}} | "
+            f"{total_flash:>{self.COL_TOTAL_FLASH - 2},} B | {total_ram:>{self.COL_TOTAL_RAM - 2},} B"
+        )
+
+        # Top consumers
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("Top Flash Consumers:")
+        for i, (name, mem) in enumerate(components[:25]):
+            if mem.flash_total > 0:
+                percentage = (
+                    (mem.flash_total / total_flash * 100) if total_flash > 0 else 0
+                )
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{i + 1}. {name} ({mem.flash_total:,} B) - {percentage:.1f}% of analyzed flash"
+                )
+
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append("Top RAM Consumers:")
+        ram_components = sorted(components, key=lambda x: x[1].ram_total, reverse=True)
+        for i, (name, mem) in enumerate(ram_components[:25]):
+            if mem.ram_total > 0:
+                percentage = (mem.ram_total / total_ram * 100) if total_ram > 0 else 0
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{i + 1}. {name} ({mem.ram_total:,} B) - {percentage:.1f}% of analyzed RAM"
+                )
+
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append(
+            "Note: This analysis covers symbols in the ELF file. Some runtime allocations may not be included."
+        )
+        lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+
+        # Add ESPHome core detailed analysis if there are core symbols
+        if self._esphome_core_symbols:
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+            lines.append(
+                f"{_COMPONENT_CORE} Detailed Analysis".center(self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+            )
+            lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+            lines.append("")
+
+            # Group core symbols by subcategory
+            core_subcategories: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str, int]]] = defaultdict(
+                list
+            )
+
+            for symbol, demangled, size in self._esphome_core_symbols:
+                # Categorize based on demangled name patterns
+                subcategory = self._categorize_esphome_core_symbol(demangled)
+                core_subcategories[subcategory].append((symbol, demangled, size))
+
+            # Sort subcategories by total size
+            sorted_subcategories = sorted(
+                [
+                    (name, symbols, sum(s[2] for s in symbols))
+                    for name, symbols in core_subcategories.items()
+                ],
+                key=lambda x: x[2],
+                reverse=True,
+            )
+
+            lines.append(
+                f"{'Subcategory':<{self.COL_CORE_SUBCATEGORY}} | {'Size':>{self.COL_CORE_SIZE}} | "
+                f"{'Count':>{self.COL_CORE_COUNT}} | {'% of Core':>{self.COL_CORE_PERCENT}}"
+            )
+            lines.append(self.CORE_TABLE_SEPARATOR)
+
+            core_total = sum(size for _, _, size in self._esphome_core_symbols)
+
+            for subcategory, symbols, total_size in sorted_subcategories:
+                percentage = (total_size / core_total * 100) if core_total > 0 else 0
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{subcategory:<{self.COL_CORE_SUBCATEGORY}} | {total_size:>{self.COL_CORE_SIZE - 2},} B | "
+                    f"{len(symbols):>{self.COL_CORE_COUNT}} | {percentage:>{self.COL_CORE_PERCENT - 1}.1f}%"
+                )
+
+            # Top 15 largest core symbols
+            lines.append("")
+            lines.append(f"Top 15 Largest {_COMPONENT_CORE} Symbols:")
+            sorted_core_symbols = sorted(
+                self._esphome_core_symbols, key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True
+            )
+
+            for i, (symbol, demangled, size) in enumerate(sorted_core_symbols[:15]):
+                lines.append(f"{i + 1}. {demangled} ({size:,} B)")
+
+            lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+
+        # Add detailed analysis for top ESPHome and external components
+        esphome_components = [
+            (name, mem)
+            for name, mem in components
+            if name.startswith(_COMPONENT_PREFIX_ESPHOME) and name != _COMPONENT_CORE
+        ]
+        external_components = [
+            (name, mem)
+            for name, mem in components
+            if name.startswith(_COMPONENT_PREFIX_EXTERNAL)
+        ]
+
+        top_esphome_components = sorted(
+            esphome_components, key=lambda x: x[1].flash_total, reverse=True
+        )[:30]
+
+        # Include all external components (they're usually important)
+        top_external_components = sorted(
+            external_components, key=lambda x: x[1].flash_total, reverse=True
+        )
+
+        # Check if API component exists and ensure it's included
+        api_component = None
+        for name, mem in components:
+            if name == _COMPONENT_API:
+                api_component = (name, mem)
+                break
+
+        # Combine all components to analyze: top ESPHome + all external + API if not already included
+        components_to_analyze = list(top_esphome_components) + list(
+            top_external_components
+        )
+        if api_component and api_component not in components_to_analyze:
+            components_to_analyze.append(api_component)
+
+        if components_to_analyze:
+            for comp_name, comp_mem in components_to_analyze:
+                if not (comp_symbols := self._component_symbols.get(comp_name, [])):
+                    continue
+                lines.append("")
+                lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+                lines.append(f"{comp_name} Detailed Analysis".center(self.TABLE_WIDTH))
+                lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+                lines.append("")
+
+                # Sort symbols by size
+                sorted_symbols = sorted(comp_symbols, key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True)
+
+                lines.append(f"Total symbols: {len(sorted_symbols)}")
+                lines.append(f"Total size: {comp_mem.flash_total:,} B")
+                lines.append("")
+
+                # Show all symbols > 100 bytes for better visibility
+                large_symbols = [
+                    (sym, dem, size) for sym, dem, size in sorted_symbols if size > 100
+                ]
+
+                lines.append(
+                    f"{comp_name} Symbols > 100 B ({len(large_symbols)} symbols):"
+                )
+                for i, (symbol, demangled, size) in enumerate(large_symbols):
+                    lines.append(f"{i + 1}. {demangled} ({size:,} B)")
+
+                lines.append("=" * self.TABLE_WIDTH)
+
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def dump_uncategorized_symbols(self, output_file: str | None = None) -> None:
+        """Dump uncategorized symbols for analysis."""
+        # Sort by size descending
+        sorted_symbols = sorted(
+            self._uncategorized_symbols, key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True
+        )
+
+        lines = ["Uncategorized Symbols Analysis", "=" * 80]
+        lines.append(f"Total uncategorized symbols: {len(sorted_symbols)}")
+        lines.append(
+            f"Total uncategorized size: {sum(s[2] for s in sorted_symbols):,} bytes"
+        )
+        lines.append("")
+        lines.append(f"{'Size':>10} | {'Symbol':<60} | Demangled")
+        lines.append("-" * 10 + "-+-" + "-" * 60 + "-+-" + "-" * 40)
+
+        for symbol, demangled, size in sorted_symbols[:100]:  # Top 100
+            demangled_display = (
+                demangled[:100] if symbol != demangled else "[not demangled]"
+            )
+            lines.append(f"{size:>10,} | {symbol[:60]:<60} | {demangled_display}")
+
+        if len(sorted_symbols) > 100:
+            lines.append(f"\n... and {len(sorted_symbols) - 100} more symbols")
+
+        content = "\n".join(lines)
+
+        if output_file:
+            with open(output_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                f.write(content)
+        else:
+            print(content)
+
+
+def analyze_elf(
+    elf_path: str,
+    objdump_path: str | None = None,
+    readelf_path: str | None = None,
+    detailed: bool = False,
+    external_components: set[str] | None = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Analyze an ELF file and return a memory report."""
+    analyzer = MemoryAnalyzerCLI(
+        elf_path, objdump_path, readelf_path, external_components
+    )
+    analyzer.analyze()
+    return analyzer.generate_report(detailed)
+
+
+def main():
+    """CLI entrypoint for memory analysis."""
+    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+        print("Usage: python -m esphome.analyze_memory <build_directory>")
+        print("\nAnalyze memory usage from an ESPHome build directory.")
+        print("The build directory should contain firmware.elf and idedata will be")
+        print("loaded from ~/.esphome/.internal/idedata/<device>.json")
+        print("\nExamples:")
+        print("  python -m esphome.analyze_memory ~/.esphome/build/my-device")
+        print("  python -m esphome.analyze_memory .esphome/build/my-device")
+        print("  python -m esphome.analyze_memory my-device  # Short form")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    build_dir = sys.argv[1]
+
+    # Load build directory
+    import json
+    from pathlib import Path
+
+    from esphome.platformio_api import IDEData
+
+    build_path = Path(build_dir)
+
+    # If no path separator in name, assume it's a device name
+    if "/" not in build_dir and not build_path.is_dir():
+        # Try current directory first
+        cwd_path = Path.cwd() / ".esphome" / "build" / build_dir
+        if cwd_path.is_dir():
+            build_path = cwd_path
+            print(f"Using build directory: {build_path}", file=sys.stderr)
+        else:
+            # Fall back to home directory
+            build_path = Path.home() / ".esphome" / "build" / build_dir
+            print(f"Using build directory: {build_path}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    if not build_path.is_dir():
+        print(f"Error: {build_path} is not a directory", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Find firmware.elf
+    elf_file = None
+    for elf_candidate in [
+        build_path / "firmware.elf",
+        build_path / ".pioenvs" / build_path.name / "firmware.elf",
+    ]:
+        if elf_candidate.exists():
+            elf_file = str(elf_candidate)
+            break
+
+    if not elf_file:
+        print(f"Error: firmware.elf not found in {build_dir}", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Find idedata.json - check current directory first, then home
+    device_name = build_path.name
+    idedata_candidates = [
+        Path.cwd() / ".esphome" / "idedata" / f"{device_name}.json",
+        Path.home() / ".esphome" / "idedata" / f"{device_name}.json",
+    ]
+
+    idedata = None
+    for idedata_path in idedata_candidates:
+        if not idedata_path.exists():
+            continue
+        try:
+            with open(idedata_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                raw_data = json.load(f)
+            idedata = IDEData(raw_data)
+            print(f"Loaded idedata from: {idedata_path}", file=sys.stderr)
+            break
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError) as e:
+            print(f"Warning: Failed to load idedata: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    if not idedata:
+        print(
+            f"Warning: idedata not found (searched {idedata_candidates[0]} and {idedata_candidates[1]})",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+
+    analyzer = MemoryAnalyzerCLI(elf_file, idedata=idedata)
+    analyzer.analyze()
+    report = analyzer.generate_report()
+    print(report)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

esphome/analyze_memory/const.py

@@ -0,0 +1,903 @@
+"""Constants for memory analysis symbol pattern matching."""
+
+import re
+
+# Pattern to extract ESPHome component namespaces dynamically
+ESPHOME_COMPONENT_PATTERN = re.compile(r"esphome::([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)::")
+
+# Section mapping for ELF file sections
+# Maps standard section names to their various platform-specific variants
+SECTION_MAPPING = {
+    ".text": frozenset([".text", ".iram"]),
+    ".rodata": frozenset([".rodata"]),
+    ".data": frozenset([".data", ".dram"]),
+    ".bss": frozenset([".bss"]),
+}
+
+# Section to ComponentMemory attribute mapping
+# Maps section names to the attribute name in ComponentMemory dataclass
+SECTION_TO_ATTR = {
+    ".text": "text_size",
+    ".rodata": "rodata_size",
+    ".data": "data_size",
+    ".bss": "bss_size",
+}
+
+# Component identification rules
+# Symbol patterns: patterns found in raw symbol names
+SYMBOL_PATTERNS = {
+    "freertos": [
+        "vTask",
+        "xTask",
+        "xQueue",
+        "pvPort",
+        "vPort",
+        "uxTask",
+        "pcTask",
+        "prvTimerTask",
+        "prvAddNewTaskToReadyList",
+        "pxReadyTasksLists",
+        "prvAddCurrentTaskToDelayedList",
+        "xEventGroupWaitBits",
+        "xRingbufferSendFromISR",
+        "prvSendItemDoneNoSplit",
+        "prvReceiveGeneric",
+        "prvSendAcquireGeneric",
+        "prvCopyItemAllowSplit",
+        "xEventGroup",
+        "xRingbuffer",
+        "prvSend",
+        "prvReceive",
+        "prvCopy",
+        "xPort",
+        "ulTaskGenericNotifyTake",
+        "prvIdleTask",
+        "prvInitialiseNewTask",
+        "prvIsYieldRequiredSMP",
+        "prvGetItemByteBuf",
+        "prvInitializeNewRingbuffer",
+        "prvAcquireItemNoSplit",
+        "prvNotifyQueueSetContainer",
+        "ucStaticTimerQueueStorage",
+        "eTaskGetState",
+        "main_task",
+        "do_system_init_fn",
+        "xSemaphoreCreateGenericWithCaps",
+        "vListInsert",
+        "uxListRemove",
+        "vRingbufferReturnItem",
+        "vRingbufferReturnItemFromISR",
+        "prvCheckItemFitsByteBuffer",
+        "prvGetCurMaxSizeAllowSplit",
+        "tick_hook",
+        "sys_sem_new",
+        "sys_arch_mbox_fetch",
+        "sys_arch_sem_wait",
+        "prvDeleteTCB",
+        "vQueueDeleteWithCaps",
+        "vRingbufferDeleteWithCaps",
+        "vSemaphoreDeleteWithCaps",
+        "prvCheckItemAvail",
+        "prvCheckTaskCanBeScheduledSMP",
+        "prvGetCurMaxSizeNoSplit",
+        "prvResetNextTaskUnblockTime",
+        "prvReturnItemByteBuf",
+        "vApplicationStackOverflowHook",
+        "vApplicationGetIdleTaskMemory",
+        "sys_init",
+        "sys_mbox_new",
+        "sys_arch_mbox_tryfetch",
+    ],
+    "xtensa": ["xt_", "_xt_", "xPortEnterCriticalTimeout"],
+    "heap": ["heap_", "multi_heap"],
+    "spi_flash": ["spi_flash"],
+    "rtc": ["rtc_", "rtcio_ll_"],
+    "gpio_driver": ["gpio_", "pins"],
+    "uart_driver": ["uart", "_uart", "UART"],
+    "timer": ["timer_", "esp_timer"],
+    "peripherals": ["periph_", "periman"],
+    "network_stack": [
+        "vj_compress",
+        "raw_sendto",
+        "raw_input",
+        "etharp_",
+        "icmp_input",
+        "socket_ipv6",
+        "ip_napt",
+        "socket_ipv4_multicast",
+        "socket_ipv6_multicast",
+        "netconn_",
+        "recv_raw",
+        "accept_function",
+        "netconn_recv_data",
+        "netconn_accept",
+        "netconn_write_vectors_partly",
+        "netconn_drain",
+        "raw_connect",
+        "raw_bind",
+        "icmp_send_response",
+        "sockets",
+        "icmp_dest_unreach",
+        "inet_chksum_pseudo",
+        "alloc_socket",
+        "done_socket",
+        "set_global_fd_sets",
+        "inet_chksum_pbuf",
+        "tryget_socket_unconn_locked",
+        "tryget_socket_unconn",
+        "cs_create_ctrl_sock",
+        "netbuf_alloc",
+    ],
+    "ipv6_stack": ["nd6_", "ip6_", "mld6_", "icmp6_", "icmp6_input"],
+    "wifi_stack": [
+        "ieee80211",
+        "hostap",
+        "sta_",
+        "ap_",
+        "scan_",
+        "wifi_",
+        "wpa_",
+        "wps_",
+        "esp_wifi",
+        "cnx_",
+        "wpa3_",
+        "sae_",
+        "wDev_",
+        "ic_",
+        "mac_",
+        "esf_buf",
+        "gWpaSm",
+        "sm_WPA",
+        "eapol_",
+        "owe_",
+        "wifiLowLevelInit",
+        "s_do_mapping",
+        "gScanStruct",
+        "ppSearchTxframe",
+        "ppMapWaitTxq",
+        "ppFillAMPDUBar",
+        "ppCheckTxConnTrafficIdle",
+        "ppCalTkipMic",
+    ],
+    "bluetooth": ["bt_", "ble_", "l2c_", "gatt_", "gap_", "hci_", "BT_init"],
+    "wifi_bt_coex": ["coex"],
+    "bluetooth_rom": ["r_ble", "r_lld", "r_llc", "r_llm"],
+    "bluedroid_bt": [
+        "bluedroid",
+        "btc_",
+        "bta_",
+        "btm_",
+        "btu_",
+        "BTM_",
+        "GATT",
+        "L2CA_",
+        "smp_",
+        "gatts_",
+        "attp_",
+        "l2cu_",
+        "l2cb",
+        "smp_cb",
+        "BTA_GATTC_",
+        "SMP_",
+        "BTU_",
+        "BTA_Dm",
+        "GAP_Ble",
+        "BT_tx_if",
+        "host_recv_pkt_cb",
+        "saved_local_oob_data",
+        "string_to_bdaddr",
+        "string_is_bdaddr",
+        "CalConnectParamTimeout",
+        "transmit_fragment",
+        "transmit_data",
+        "event_command_ready",
+        "read_command_complete_header",
+        "parse_read_local_extended_features_response",
+        "parse_read_local_version_info_response",
+        "should_request_high",
+        "btdm_wakeup_request",
+        "BTA_SetAttributeValue",
+        "BTA_EnableBluetooth",
+        "transmit_command_futured",
+        "transmit_command",
+        "get_waiting_command",
+        "make_command",
+        "transmit_downward",
+        "host_recv_adv_packet",
+        "copy_extra_byte_in_db",
+        "parse_read_local_supported_commands_response",
+    ],
+    "crypto_math": [
+        "ecp_",
+        "bignum_",
+        "mpi_",
+        "sswu",
+        "modp",
+        "dragonfly_",
+        "gcm_mult",
+        "__multiply",
+        "quorem",
+        "__mdiff",
+        "__lshift",
+        "__mprec_tens",
+        "ECC_",
+        "multiprecision_",
+        "mix_sub_columns",
+        "sbox",
+        "gfm2_sbox",
+        "gfm3_sbox",
+        "curve_p256",
+        "curve",
+        "p_256_init_curve",
+        "shift_sub_rows",
+        "rshift",
+    ],
+    "hw_crypto": ["esp_aes", "esp_sha", "esp_rsa", "esp_bignum", "esp_mpi"],
+    "libc": [
+        "printf",
+        "scanf",
+        "malloc",
+        "free",
+        "memcpy",
+        "memset",
+        "strcpy",
+        "strlen",
+        "_dtoa",
+        "_fopen",
+        "__sfvwrite_r",
+        "qsort",
+        "__sf",
+        "__sflush_r",
+        "__srefill_r",
+        "_impure_data",
+        "_reclaim_reent",
+        "_open_r",
+        "strncpy",
+        "_strtod_l",
+        "__gethex",
+        "__hexnan",
+        "_setenv_r",
+        "_tzset_unlocked_r",
+        "__tzcalc_limits",
+        "select",
+        "scalbnf",
+        "strtof",
+        "strtof_l",
+        "__d2b",
+        "__b2d",
+        "__s2b",
+        "_Balloc",
+        "__multadd",
+        "__lo0bits",
+        "__atexit0",
+        "__smakebuf_r",
+        "__swhatbuf_r",
+        "_sungetc_r",
+        "_close_r",
+        "_link_r",
+        "_unsetenv_r",
+        "_rename_r",
+        "__month_lengths",
+        "tzinfo",
+        "__ratio",
+        "__hi0bits",
+        "__ulp",
+        "__any_on",
+        "__copybits",
+        "L_shift",
+        "_fcntl_r",
+        "_lseek_r",
+        "_read_r",
+        "_write_r",
+        "_unlink_r",
+        "_fstat_r",
+        "access",
+        "fsync",
+        "tcsetattr",
+        "tcgetattr",
+        "tcflush",
+        "tcdrain",
+        "__ssrefill_r",
+        "_stat_r",
+        "__hexdig_fun",
+        "__mcmp",
+        "_fwalk_sglue",
+        "__fpclassifyf",
+        "_setlocale_r",
+        "_mbrtowc_r",
+        "fcntl",
+        "__match",
+        "_lock_close",
+        "__c$",
+        "__func__$",
+        "__FUNCTION__$",
+        "DAYS_IN_MONTH",
+        "_DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH",
+        "CSWTCH$",
+        "dst$",
+        "sulp",
+    ],
+    "string_ops": ["strcmp", "strncmp", "strchr", "strstr", "strtok", "strdup"],
+    "memory_alloc": ["malloc", "calloc", "realloc", "free", "_sbrk"],
+    "file_io": [
+        "fread",
+        "fwrite",
+        "fopen",
+        "fclose",
+        "fseek",
+        "ftell",
+        "fflush",
+        "s_fd_table",
+    ],
+    "string_formatting": [
+        "snprintf",
+        "vsnprintf",
+        "sprintf",
+        "vsprintf",
+        "sscanf",
+        "vsscanf",
+    ],
+    "cpp_anonymous": ["_GLOBAL__N_", "n$"],
+    "cpp_runtime": ["__cxx", "_ZN", "_ZL", "_ZSt", "__gxx_personality", "_Z16"],
+    "exception_handling": ["__cxa_", "_Unwind_", "__gcc_personality", "uw_frame_state"],
+    "static_init": ["_GLOBAL__sub_I_"],
+    "mdns_lib": ["mdns"],
+    "phy_radio": [
+        "phy_",
+        "rf_",
+        "chip_",
+        "register_chipv7",
+        "pbus_",
+        "bb_",
+        "fe_",
+        "rfcal_",
+        "ram_rfcal",
+        "tx_pwctrl",
+        "rx_chan",
+        "set_rx_gain",
+        "set_chan",
+        "agc_reg",
+        "ram_txiq",
+        "ram_txdc",
+        "ram_gen_rx_gain",
+        "rx_11b_opt",
+        "set_rx_sense",
+        "set_rx_gain_cal",
+        "set_chan_dig_gain",
+        "tx_pwctrl_init_cal",
+        "rfcal_txiq",
+        "set_tx_gain_table",
+        "correct_rfpll_offset",
+        "pll_correct_dcap",
+        "txiq_cal_init",
+        "pwdet_sar",
+        "pwdet_sar2_init",
+        "ram_iq_est_enable",
+        "ram_rfpll_set_freq",
+        "ant_wifirx_cfg",
+        "ant_btrx_cfg",
+        "force_txrxoff",
+        "force_txrx_off",
+        "tx_paon_set",
+        "opt_11b_resart",
+        "rfpll_1p2_opt",
+        "ram_dc_iq_est",
+        "ram_start_tx_tone",
+        "ram_en_pwdet",
+        "ram_cbw2040_cfg",
+        "rxdc_est_min",
+        "i2cmst_reg_init",
+        "temprature_sens_read",
+        "ram_restart_cal",
+        "ram_write_gain_mem",
+        "ram_wait_rfpll_cal_end",
+        "txcal_debuge_mode",
+        "ant_wifitx_cfg",
+        "reg_init_begin",
+    ],
+    "wifi_phy_pp": ["pp_", "ppT", "ppR", "ppP", "ppInstall", "ppCalTxAMPDULength"],
+    "wifi_lmac": ["lmac"],
+    "wifi_device": ["wdev", "wDev_"],
+    "power_mgmt": [
+        "pm_",
+        "sleep",
+        "rtc_sleep",
+        "light_sleep",
+        "deep_sleep",
+        "power_down",
+        "g_pm",
+    ],
+    "memory_mgmt": [
+        "mem_",
+        "memory_",
+        "tlsf_",
+        "memp_",
+        "pbuf_",
+        "pbuf_alloc",
+        "pbuf_copy_partial_pbuf",
+    ],
+    "hal_layer": ["hal_"],
+    "clock_mgmt": [
+        "clk_",
+        "clock_",
+        "rtc_clk",
+        "apb_",
+        "cpu_freq",
+        "setCpuFrequencyMhz",
+    ],
+    "cache_mgmt": ["cache"],
+    "flash_ops": ["flash", "image_load"],
+    "interrupt_handlers": [
+        "isr",
+        "interrupt",
+        "intr_",
+        "exc_",
+        "exception",
+        "port_IntStack",
+    ],
+    "wrapper_functions": ["_wrapper"],
+    "error_handling": ["panic", "abort", "assert", "error_", "fault"],
+    "authentication": ["auth"],
+    "ppp_protocol": ["ppp", "ipcp_", "lcp_", "chap_", "LcpEchoCheck"],
+    "dhcp": ["dhcp", "handle_dhcp"],
+    "ethernet_phy": [
+        "emac_",
+        "eth_phy_",
+        "phy_tlk110",
+        "phy_lan87",
+        "phy_ip101",
+        "phy_rtl",
+        "phy_dp83",
+        "phy_ksz",
+        "lan87xx_",
+        "rtl8201_",
+        "ip101_",
+        "ksz80xx_",
+        "jl1101_",
+        "dp83848_",
+        "eth_on_state_changed",
+    ],
+    "threading": ["pthread_", "thread_", "_task_"],
+    "pthread": ["pthread"],
+    "synchronization": ["mutex", "semaphore", "spinlock", "portMUX"],
+    "math_lib": [
+        "sin",
+        "cos",
+        "tan",
+        "sqrt",
+        "pow",
+        "exp",
+        "log",
+        "atan",
+        "asin",
+        "acos",
+        "floor",
+        "ceil",
+        "fabs",
+        "round",
+    ],
+    "random": ["rand", "random", "rng_", "prng"],
+    "time_lib": [
+        "time",
+        "clock",
+        "gettimeofday",
+        "settimeofday",
+        "localtime",
+        "gmtime",
+        "mktime",
+        "strftime",
+    ],
+    "console_io": ["console_", "uart_tx", "uart_rx", "puts", "putchar", "getchar"],
+    "rom_functions": ["r_", "rom_"],
+    "compiler_runtime": [
+        "__divdi3",
+        "__udivdi3",
+        "__moddi3",
+        "__muldi3",
+        "__ashldi3",
+        "__ashrdi3",
+        "__lshrdi3",
+        "__cmpdi2",
+        "__fixdfdi",
+        "__floatdidf",
+    ],
+    "libgcc": ["libgcc", "_divdi3", "_udivdi3"],
+    "boot_startup": ["boot", "start_cpu", "call_start", "startup", "bootloader"],
+    "bootloader": ["bootloader_", "esp_bootloader"],
+    "app_framework": ["app_", "initArduino", "setup", "loop", "Update"],
+    "weak_symbols": ["__weak_"],
+    "compiler_builtins": ["__builtin_"],
+    "vfs": ["vfs_", "VFS"],
+    "esp32_sdk": ["esp32_", "esp32c", "esp32s"],
+    "usb": ["usb_", "USB", "cdc_", "CDC"],
+    "i2c_driver": ["i2c_", "I2C"],
+    "i2s_driver": ["i2s_", "I2S"],
+    "spi_driver": ["spi_", "SPI"],
+    "adc_driver": ["adc_", "ADC"],
+    "dac_driver": ["dac_", "DAC"],
+    "touch_driver": ["touch_", "TOUCH"],
+    "pwm_driver": ["pwm_", "PWM", "ledc_", "LEDC"],
+    "rmt_driver": ["rmt_", "RMT"],
+    "pcnt_driver": ["pcnt_", "PCNT"],
+    "can_driver": ["can_", "CAN", "twai_", "TWAI"],
+    "sdmmc_driver": ["sdmmc_", "SDMMC", "sdcard", "sd_card"],
+    "temp_sensor": ["temp_sensor", "tsens_"],
+    "watchdog": ["wdt_", "WDT", "watchdog"],
+    "brownout": ["brownout", "bod_"],
+    "ulp": ["ulp_", "ULP"],
+    "psram": ["psram", "PSRAM", "spiram", "SPIRAM"],
+    "efuse": ["efuse", "EFUSE"],
+    "partition": ["partition", "esp_partition"],
+    "esp_event": ["esp_event", "event_loop", "event_callback"],
+    "esp_console": ["esp_console", "console_"],
+    "chip_specific": ["chip_", "esp_chip"],
+    "esp_system_utils": ["esp_system", "esp_hw", "esp_clk", "esp_sleep"],
+    "ipc": ["esp_ipc", "ipc_"],
+    "wifi_config": [
+        "g_cnxMgr",
+        "gChmCxt",
+        "g_ic",
+        "TxRxCxt",
+        "s_dp",
+        "s_ni",
+        "s_reg_dump",
+        "packet$",
+        "d_mult_table",
+        "K",
+        "fcstab",
+    ],
+    "smartconfig": ["sc_ack_send"],
+    "rc_calibration": ["rc_cal", "rcUpdate"],
+    "noise_floor": ["noise_check"],
+    "rf_calibration": [
+        "set_rx_sense",
+        "set_rx_gain_cal",
+        "set_chan_dig_gain",
+        "tx_pwctrl_init_cal",
+        "rfcal_txiq",
+        "set_tx_gain_table",
+        "correct_rfpll_offset",
+        "pll_correct_dcap",
+        "txiq_cal_init",
+        "pwdet_sar",
+        "rx_11b_opt",
+    ],
+    "wifi_crypto": [
+        "pk_use_ecparams",
+        "process_segments",
+        "ccmp_",
+        "rc4_",
+        "aria_",
+        "mgf_mask",
+        "dh_group",
+        "ccmp_aad_nonce",
+        "ccmp_encrypt",
+        "rc4_skip",
+        "aria_sb1",
+        "aria_sb2",
+        "aria_is1",
+        "aria_is2",
+        "aria_sl",
+        "aria_a",
+    ],
+    "radio_control": ["fsm_input", "fsm_sconfreq"],
+    "pbuf": [
+        "pbuf_",
+    ],
+    "event_group": ["xEventGroup"],
+    "ringbuffer": ["xRingbuffer", "prvSend", "prvReceive", "prvCopy"],
+    "provisioning": ["prov_", "prov_stop_and_notify"],
+    "scan": ["gScanStruct"],
+    "port": ["xPort"],
+    "elf_loader": [
+        "elf_add",
+        "elf_add_note",
+        "elf_add_segment",
+        "process_image",
+        "read_encoded",
+        "read_encoded_value",
+        "read_encoded_value_with_base",
+        "process_image_header",
+    ],
+    "socket_api": [
+        "sockets",
+        "netconn_",
+        "accept_function",
+        "recv_raw",
+        "socket_ipv4_multicast",
+        "socket_ipv6_multicast",
+    ],
+    "igmp": ["igmp_", "igmp_send", "igmp_input"],
+    "icmp6": ["icmp6_"],
+    "arp": ["arp_table"],
+    "ampdu": [
+        "ampdu_",
+        "rcAmpdu",
+        "trc_onAmpduOp",
+        "rcAmpduLowerRate",
+        "ampdu_dispatch_upto",
+    ],
+    "ieee802_11": ["ieee802_11_", "ieee802_11_parse_elems"],
+    "rate_control": ["rssi_margin", "rcGetSched", "get_rate_fcc_index"],
+    "nan": ["nan_dp_", "nan_dp_post_tx", "nan_dp_delete_peer"],
+    "channel_mgmt": ["chm_init", "chm_set_current_channel"],
+    "trace": ["trc_init", "trc_onAmpduOp"],
+    "country_code": ["country_info", "country_info_24ghz"],
+    "multicore": ["do_multicore_settings"],
+    "Update_lib": ["Update"],
+    "stdio": [
+        "__sf",
+        "__sflush_r",
+        "__srefill_r",
+        "_impure_data",
+        "_reclaim_reent",
+        "_open_r",
+    ],
+    "strncpy_ops": ["strncpy"],
+    "math_internal": ["__mdiff", "__lshift", "__mprec_tens", "quorem"],
+    "character_class": ["__chclass"],
+    "camellia": ["camellia_", "camellia_feistel"],
+    "crypto_tables": ["FSb", "FSb2", "FSb3", "FSb4"],
+    "event_buffer": ["g_eb_list_desc", "eb_space"],
+    "base_node": ["base_node_", "base_node_add_handler"],
+    "file_descriptor": ["s_fd_table"],
+    "tx_delay": ["tx_delay_cfg"],
+    "deinit": ["deinit_functions"],
+    "lcp_echo": ["LcpEchoCheck"],
+    "raw_api": ["raw_bind", "raw_connect"],
+    "checksum": ["process_checksum"],
+    "entry_management": ["add_entry"],
+    "esp_ota": ["esp_ota", "ota_", "read_otadata"],
+    "http_server": [
+        "httpd_",
+        "parse_url_char",
+        "cb_headers_complete",
+        "delete_entry",
+        "validate_structure",
+        "config_save",
+        "config_new",
+        "verify_url",
+        "cb_url",
+    ],
+    "misc_system": [
+        "alarm_cbs",
+        "start_up",
+        "tokens",
+        "unhex",
+        "osi_funcs_ro",
+        "enum_function",
+        "fragment_and_dispatch",
+        "alarm_set",
+        "osi_alarm_new",
+        "config_set_string",
+        "config_update_newest_section",
+        "config_remove_key",
+        "method_strings",
+        "interop_match",
+        "interop_database",
+        "__state_table",
+        "__action_table",
+        "s_stub_table",
+        "s_context",
+        "s_mmu_ctx",
+        "s_get_bus_mask",
+        "hli_queue_put",
+        "list_remove",
+        "list_delete",
+        "lock_acquire_generic",
+        "is_vect_desc_usable",
+        "io_mode_str",
+        "__c$20233",
+        "interface",
+        "read_id_core",
+        "subscribe_idle",
+        "unsubscribe_idle",
+        "s_clkout_handle",
+        "lock_release_generic",
+        "config_set_int",
+        "config_get_int",
+        "config_get_string",
+        "config_has_key",
+        "config_remove_section",
+        "osi_alarm_init",
+        "osi_alarm_deinit",
+        "fixed_queue_enqueue",
+        "fixed_queue_dequeue",
+        "fixed_queue_new",
+        "fixed_pkt_queue_enqueue",
+        "fixed_pkt_queue_new",
+        "list_append",
+        "list_prepend",
+        "list_insert_after",
+        "list_contains",
+        "list_get_node",
+        "hash_function_blob",
+        "cb_no_body",
+        "cb_on_body",
+        "profile_tab",
+        "get_arg",
+        "trim",
+        "buf$",
+        "process_appended_hash_and_sig$constprop$0",
+        "uuidType",
+        "allocate_svc_db_buf",
+        "_hostname_is_ours",
+        "s_hli_handlers",
+        "tick_cb",
+        "idle_cb",
+        "input",
+        "entry_find",
+        "section_find",
+        "find_bucket_entry_",
+        "config_has_section",
+        "hli_queue_create",
+        "hli_queue_get",
+        "hli_c_handler",
+        "future_ready",
+        "future_await",
+        "future_new",
+        "pkt_queue_enqueue",
+        "pkt_queue_dequeue",
+        "pkt_queue_cleanup",
+        "pkt_queue_create",
+        "pkt_queue_destroy",
+        "fixed_pkt_queue_dequeue",
+        "osi_alarm_cancel",
+        "osi_alarm_is_active",
+        "osi_sem_take",
+        "osi_event_create",
+        "osi_event_bind",
+        "alarm_cb_handler",
+        "list_foreach",
+        "list_back",
+        "list_front",
+        "list_clear",
+        "fixed_queue_try_peek_first",
+        "translate_path",
+        "get_idx",
+        "find_key",
+        "init",
+        "end",
+        "start",
+        "set_read_value",
+        "copy_address_list",
+        "copy_and_key",
+        "sdk_cfg_opts",
+        "leftshift_onebit",
+        "config_section_end",
+        "config_section_begin",
+        "find_entry_and_check_all_reset",
+        "image_validate",
+        "xPendingReadyList",
+        "vListInitialise",
+        "lock_init_generic",
+        "ant_bttx_cfg",
+        "ant_dft_cfg",
+        "cs_send_to_ctrl_sock",
+        "config_llc_util_funcs_reset",
+        "make_set_adv_report_flow_control",
+        "make_set_event_mask",
+        "raw_new",
+        "raw_remove",
+        "BTE_InitStack",
+        "parse_read_local_supported_features_response",
+        "__math_invalidf",
+        "tinytens",
+        "__mprec_tinytens",
+        "__mprec_bigtens",
+        "vRingbufferDelete",
+        "vRingbufferDeleteWithCaps",
+        "vRingbufferReturnItem",
+        "vRingbufferReturnItemFromISR",
+        "get_acl_data_size_ble",
+        "get_features_ble",
+        "get_features_classic",
+        "get_acl_packet_size_ble",
+        "get_acl_packet_size_classic",
+        "supports_extended_inquiry_response",
+        "supports_rssi_with_inquiry_results",
+        "supports_interlaced_inquiry_scan",
+        "supports_reading_remote_extended_features",
+    ],
+    "bluetooth_ll": [
+        "lld_pdu_",
+        "ld_acl_",
+        "lld_stop_ind_handler",
+        "lld_evt_winsize_change",
+        "config_lld_evt_funcs_reset",
+        "config_lld_funcs_reset",
+        "config_llm_funcs_reset",
+        "llm_set_long_adv_data",
+        "lld_retry_tx_prog",
+        "llc_link_sup_to_ind_handler",
+        "config_llc_funcs_reset",
+        "lld_evt_rxwin_compute",
+        "config_btdm_funcs_reset",
+        "config_ea_funcs_reset",
+        "llc_defalut_state_tab_reset",
+        "config_rwip_funcs_reset",
+        "ke_lmp_rx_flooding_detect",
+    ],
+}
+
+# Demangled patterns: patterns found in demangled C++ names
+DEMANGLED_PATTERNS = {
+    "gpio_driver": ["GPIO"],
+    "uart_driver": ["UART"],
+    "network_stack": [
+        "lwip",
+        "tcp",
+        "udp",
+        "ip4",
+        "ip6",
+        "dhcp",
+        "dns",
+        "netif",
+        "ethernet",
+        "ppp",
+        "slip",
+    ],
+    "wifi_stack": ["NetworkInterface"],
+    "nimble_bt": [
+        "nimble",
+        "NimBLE",
+        "ble_hs",
+        "ble_gap",
+        "ble_gatt",
+        "ble_att",
+        "ble_l2cap",
+        "ble_sm",
+    ],
+    "crypto": ["mbedtls", "crypto", "sha", "aes", "rsa", "ecc", "tls", "ssl"],
+    "cpp_stdlib": ["std::", "__gnu_cxx::", "__cxxabiv"],
+    "static_init": ["__static_initialization"],
+    "rtti": ["__type_info", "__class_type_info"],
+    "web_server_lib": ["AsyncWebServer", "AsyncWebHandler", "WebServer"],
+    "async_tcp": ["AsyncClient", "AsyncServer"],
+    "mdns_lib": ["mdns"],
+    "json_lib": [
+        "ArduinoJson",
+        "JsonDocument",
+        "JsonArray",
+        "JsonObject",
+        "deserialize",
+        "serialize",
+    ],
+    "http_lib": ["HTTP", "http_", "Request", "Response", "Uri", "WebSocket"],
+    "logging": ["log", "Log", "print", "Print", "diag_"],
+    "authentication": ["checkDigestAuthentication"],
+    "libgcc": ["libgcc"],
+    "esp_system": ["esp_", "ESP"],
+    "arduino": ["arduino"],
+    "nvs": ["nvs_", "_ZTVN3nvs", "nvs::"],
+    "filesystem": ["spiffs", "vfs"],
+    "libc": ["newlib"],
+}
+
+# Patterns for categorizing ESPHome core symbols into subcategories
+CORE_SUBCATEGORY_PATTERNS = {
+    "Component Framework": ["Component"],
+    "Application Core": ["Application"],
+    "Scheduler": ["Scheduler"],
+    "Component Iterator": ["ComponentIterator"],
+    "Helper Functions": ["Helpers", "helpers"],
+    "Preferences/Storage": ["Preferences", "ESPPreferences"],
+    "I/O Utilities": ["HighFrequencyLoopRequester"],
+    "String Utilities": ["str_"],
+    "Bit Utilities": ["reverse_bits"],
+    "Data Conversion": ["convert_"],
+    "Network Utilities": ["network", "IPAddress"],
+    "API Protocol": ["api::"],
+    "WiFi Manager": ["wifi::"],
+    "MQTT Client": ["mqtt::"],
+    "Logger": ["logger::"],
+    "OTA Updates": ["ota::"],
+    "Web Server": ["web_server::"],
+    "Time Management": ["time::"],
+    "Sensor Framework": ["sensor::"],
+    "Binary Sensor": ["binary_sensor::"],
+    "Switch Framework": ["switch_::"],
+    "Light Framework": ["light::"],
+    "Climate Framework": ["climate::"],
+    "Cover Framework": ["cover::"],
+}

esphome/analyze_memory/helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+"""Helper functions for memory analysis."""
+
+from functools import cache
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from .const import SECTION_MAPPING
+
+# Import namespace constant from parent module
+# Note: This would create a circular import if done at module level,
+# so we'll define it locally here as well
+_NAMESPACE_ESPHOME = "esphome::"
+
+
+# Get the list of actual ESPHome components by scanning the components directory
+@cache
+def get_esphome_components():
+    """Get set of actual ESPHome components from the components directory."""
+    # Find the components directory relative to this file
+    # Go up two levels from analyze_memory/helpers.py to esphome/
+    current_dir = Path(__file__).parent.parent
+    components_dir = current_dir / "components"
+
+    if not components_dir.exists() or not components_dir.is_dir():
+        return frozenset()
+
+    return frozenset(
+        item.name
+        for item in components_dir.iterdir()
+        if item.is_dir()
+        and not item.name.startswith(".")
+        and not item.name.startswith("__")
+    )
+
+
+@cache
+def get_component_class_patterns(component_name: str) -> list[str]:
+    """Generate component class name patterns for symbol matching.
+
+    Args:
+        component_name: The component name (e.g., "ota", "wifi", "api")
+
+    Returns:
+        List of pattern strings to match against demangled symbols
+    """
+    component_upper = component_name.upper()
+    component_camel = component_name.replace("_", "").title()
+    return [
+        f"{_NAMESPACE_ESPHOME}{component_upper}Component",  # e.g., esphome::OTAComponent
+        f"{_NAMESPACE_ESPHOME}ESPHome{component_upper}Component",  # e.g., esphome::ESPHomeOTAComponent
+        f"{_NAMESPACE_ESPHOME}{component_camel}Component",  # e.g., esphome::OtaComponent
+        f"{_NAMESPACE_ESPHOME}ESPHome{component_camel}Component",  # e.g., esphome::ESPHomeOtaComponent
+    ]
+
+
+def map_section_name(raw_section: str) -> str | None:
+    """Map raw section name to standard section.
+
+    Args:
+        raw_section: Raw section name from ELF file (e.g., ".iram0.text", ".rodata.str1.1")
+
+    Returns:
+        Standard section name (".text", ".rodata", ".data", ".bss") or None
+    """
+    for standard_section, patterns in SECTION_MAPPING.items():
+        if any(pattern in raw_section for pattern in patterns):
+            return standard_section
+    return None
+
+
+def parse_symbol_line(line: str) -> tuple[str, str, int, str] | None:
+    """Parse a single symbol line from objdump output.
+
+    Args:
+        line: Line from objdump -t output
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (section, name, size, address) or None if not a valid symbol.
+        Format: address l/g w/d F/O section size name
+        Example: 40084870 l     F .iram0.text    00000000 _xt_user_exc
+    """
+    parts = line.split()
+    if len(parts) < 5:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        # Validate and extract address
+        address = parts[0]
+        int(address, 16)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+    # Look for F (function) or O (object) flag
+    if "F" not in parts and "O" not in parts:
+        return None
+
+    # Find section, size, and name
+    for i, part in enumerate(parts):
+        if not part.startswith("."):
+            continue
+
+        section = map_section_name(part)
+        if not section:
+            break
+
+        # Need at least size field after section
+        if i + 1 >= len(parts):
+            break
+
+        try:
+            size = int(parts[i + 1], 16)
+        except ValueError:
+            break
+
+        # Need symbol name and non-zero size
+        if i + 2 >= len(parts) or size == 0:
+            break
+
+        name = " ".join(parts[i + 2 :])
+        return (section, name, size, address)
+
+    return None

esphome/components/api/__init__.py

@@ -380,12 +380,19 @@ async def homeassistant_service_to_code(
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg, serv, False)
     templ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_ACTION], args, None)
     cg.add(var.set_service(templ))
+
+    # Initialize FixedVectors with exact sizes from config
+    cg.add(var.init_data(len(config[CONF_DATA])))
     for key, value in config[CONF_DATA].items():
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, None)
         cg.add(var.add_data(key, templ))
+
+    cg.add(var.init_data_template(len(config[CONF_DATA_TEMPLATE])))
     for key, value in config[CONF_DATA_TEMPLATE].items():
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, None)
         cg.add(var.add_data_template(key, templ))
+
+    cg.add(var.init_variables(len(config[CONF_VARIABLES])))
     for key, value in config[CONF_VARIABLES].items():
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, None)
         cg.add(var.add_variable(key, templ))
@@ -458,15 +465,23 @@ async def homeassistant_event_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg, serv, True)
     templ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_EVENT], args, None)
     cg.add(var.set_service(templ))
+
+    # Initialize FixedVectors with exact sizes from config
+    cg.add(var.init_data(len(config[CONF_DATA])))
     for key, value in config[CONF_DATA].items():
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, None)
         cg.add(var.add_data(key, templ))
+
+    cg.add(var.init_data_template(len(config[CONF_DATA_TEMPLATE])))
     for key, value in config[CONF_DATA_TEMPLATE].items():
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, None)
         cg.add(var.add_data_template(key, templ))
+
+    cg.add(var.init_variables(len(config[CONF_VARIABLES])))
     for key, value in config[CONF_VARIABLES].items():
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, None)
         cg.add(var.add_variable(key, templ))
+
     return var
 
 
@@ -489,6 +504,8 @@ async def homeassistant_tag_scanned_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, arg
     serv = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ID])
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(action_id, template_arg, serv, True)
     cg.add(var.set_service("esphome.tag_scanned"))
+    # Initialize FixedVector with exact size (1 data field)
+    cg.add(var.init_data(1))
     templ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_TAG], args, cg.std_string)
     cg.add(var.add_data("tag_id", templ))
     return var

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -876,10 +876,10 @@ message ExecuteServiceArgument {
   string string_ = 4;
   // ESPHome 1.14 (api v1.3) make int a signed value
   sint32 int_ = 5;
-  repeated bool bool_array = 6 [packed=false];
-  repeated sint32 int_array = 7 [packed=false];
-  repeated float float_array = 8 [packed=false];
-  repeated string string_array = 9;
+  repeated bool bool_array = 6 [packed=false, (fixed_vector) = true];
+  repeated sint32 int_array = 7 [packed=false, (fixed_vector) = true];
+  repeated float float_array = 8 [packed=false, (fixed_vector) = true];
+  repeated string string_array = 9 [(fixed_vector) = true];
 }
 message ExecuteServiceRequest {
   option (id) = 42;
@@ -888,7 +888,7 @@ message ExecuteServiceRequest {
   option (ifdef) = "USE_API_SERVICES";
 
   fixed32 key = 1;
-  repeated ExecuteServiceArgument args = 2;
+  repeated ExecuteServiceArgument args = 2 [(fixed_vector) = true];
 }
 
 // ==================== CAMERA ====================
@@ -987,8 +987,8 @@ message ListEntitiesClimateResponse {
   string name = 3;
   reserved 4; // Deprecated: was string unique_id
 
-  bool supports_current_temperature = 5;
-  bool supports_two_point_target_temperature = 6;
+  bool supports_current_temperature = 5; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
+  bool supports_two_point_target_temperature = 6; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
   repeated ClimateMode supported_modes = 7 [(container_pointer) = "std::set<climate::ClimateMode>"];
   float visual_min_temperature = 8;
   float visual_max_temperature = 9;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ message ListEntitiesClimateResponse {
   // is if CLIMATE_PRESET_AWAY exists is supported_presets
   // Deprecated in API version 1.5
   bool legacy_supports_away = 11 [deprecated=true];
-  bool supports_action = 12;
+  bool supports_action = 12; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
   repeated ClimateFanMode supported_fan_modes = 13 [(container_pointer) = "std::set<climate::ClimateFanMode>"];
   repeated ClimateSwingMode supported_swing_modes = 14 [(container_pointer) = "std::set<climate::ClimateSwingMode>"];
   repeated string supported_custom_fan_modes = 15 [(container_pointer) = "std::set"];
@@ -1007,11 +1007,12 @@ message ListEntitiesClimateResponse {
   string icon = 19 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   EntityCategory entity_category = 20;
   float visual_current_temperature_step = 21;
-  bool supports_current_humidity = 22;
-  bool supports_target_humidity = 23;
+  bool supports_current_humidity = 22; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
+  bool supports_target_humidity = 23; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
   float visual_min_humidity = 24;
   float visual_max_humidity = 25;
   uint32 device_id = 26 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
+  uint32 feature_flags = 27;
 }
 message ClimateStateResponse {
   option (id) = 47;

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
 #include "esphome/components/bluetooth_proxy/bluetooth_proxy.h"
 #endif
+#ifdef USE_CLIMATE
+#include "esphome/components/climate/climate_mode.h"
+#endif
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
 #include "esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.h"
 #endif
@@ -623,9 +626,10 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   auto traits = climate->get_traits();
   resp.mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateMode>(climate->mode);
   resp.action = static_cast<enums::ClimateAction>(climate->action);
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_temperature())
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE))
     resp.current_temperature = climate->current_temperature;
-  if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                               climate::CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
     resp.target_temperature_low = climate->target_temperature_low;
     resp.target_temperature_high = climate->target_temperature_high;
   } else {
@@ -644,9 +648,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes())
     resp.swing_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(climate->swing_mode);
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_humidity())
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY))
     resp.current_humidity = climate->current_humidity;
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity())
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY))
     resp.target_humidity = climate->target_humidity;
   return fill_and_encode_entity_state(climate, resp, ClimateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                       is_single);
@@ -656,10 +660,14 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   auto *climate = static_cast<climate::Climate *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesClimateResponse msg;
   auto traits = climate->get_traits();
+  // Flags set for backward compatibility, deprecated in 2025.11.0
   msg.supports_current_temperature = traits.get_supports_current_temperature();
   msg.supports_current_humidity = traits.get_supports_current_humidity();
   msg.supports_two_point_target_temperature = traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature();
   msg.supports_target_humidity = traits.get_supports_target_humidity();
+  msg.supports_action = traits.get_supports_action();
+  // Current feature flags and other supported parameters
+  msg.feature_flags = traits.get_feature_flags();
   msg.supported_modes = &traits.get_supported_modes_for_api_();
   msg.visual_min_temperature = traits.get_visual_min_temperature();
   msg.visual_max_temperature = traits.get_visual_max_temperature();
@@ -667,7 +675,6 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   msg.visual_current_temperature_step = traits.get_visual_current_temperature_step();
   msg.visual_min_humidity = traits.get_visual_min_humidity();
   msg.visual_max_humidity = traits.get_visual_max_humidity();
-  msg.supports_action = traits.get_supports_action();
   msg.supported_fan_modes = &traits.get_supported_fan_modes_for_api_();
   msg.supported_custom_fan_modes = &traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes_for_api_();
   msg.supported_presets = &traits.get_supported_presets_for_api_();
@@ -1406,7 +1413,7 @@ bool APIConnection::send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) {
 
   HelloResponse resp;
   resp.api_version_major = 1;
-  resp.api_version_minor = 12;
+  resp.api_version_minor = 13;
   // Send only the version string - the client only logs this for debugging and doesn't use it otherwise
   resp.set_server_info(ESPHOME_VERSION_REF);
   resp.set_name(StringRef(App.get_name()));

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -242,7 +242,6 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
     const std::string &name = App.get_name();
     const std::string &mac = get_mac_address();
 
-    std::vector<uint8_t> msg;
     // Calculate positions and sizes
     size_t name_len = name.size() + 1;  // including null terminator
     size_t mac_len = mac.size() + 1;    // including null terminator
@@ -250,17 +249,17 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
     size_t mac_offset = name_offset + name_len;
     size_t total_size = 1 + name_len + mac_len;
 
-    msg.resize(total_size);
+    auto msg = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(total_size);
 
     // chosen proto
     msg[0] = 0x01;
 
     // node name, terminated by null byte
-    std::memcpy(msg.data() + name_offset, name.c_str(), name_len);
+    std::memcpy(msg.get() + name_offset, name.c_str(), name_len);
     // node mac, terminated by null byte
-    std::memcpy(msg.data() + mac_offset, mac.c_str(), mac_len);
+    std::memcpy(msg.get() + mac_offset, mac.c_str(), mac_len);
 
-    aerr = write_frame_(msg.data(), msg.size());
+    aerr = write_frame_(msg.get(), total_size);
     if (aerr != APIError::OK)
       return aerr;
 
@@ -339,32 +338,32 @@ void APINoiseFrameHelper::send_explicit_handshake_reject_(const LogString *reaso
 #ifdef USE_STORE_LOG_STR_IN_FLASH
   // On ESP8266 with flash strings, we need to use PROGMEM-aware functions
   size_t reason_len = strlen_P(reinterpret_cast<PGM_P>(reason));
-  std::vector<uint8_t> data;
-  data.resize(reason_len + 1);
+  size_t data_size = reason_len + 1;
+  auto data = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(data_size);
   data[0] = 0x01;  // failure
 
   // Copy error message from PROGMEM
   if (reason_len > 0) {
-    memcpy_P(data.data() + 1, reinterpret_cast<PGM_P>(reason), reason_len);
+    memcpy_P(data.get() + 1, reinterpret_cast<PGM_P>(reason), reason_len);
   }
 #else
   // Normal memory access
   const char *reason_str = LOG_STR_ARG(reason);
   size_t reason_len = strlen(reason_str);
-  std::vector<uint8_t> data;
-  data.resize(reason_len + 1);
+  size_t data_size = reason_len + 1;
+  auto data = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(data_size);
   data[0] = 0x01;  // failure
 
   // Copy error message in bulk
   if (reason_len > 0) {
-    std::memcpy(data.data() + 1, reason_str, reason_len);
+    std::memcpy(data.get() + 1, reason_str, reason_len);
   }
 #endif
 
   // temporarily remove failed state
   auto orig_state = state_;
   state_ = State::EXPLICIT_REJECT;
-  write_frame_(data.data(), data.size());
+  write_frame_(data.get(), data_size);
   state_ = orig_state;
 }
 APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::read_packet(ReadPacketBuffer *buffer) {

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp

@@ -1064,6 +1064,17 @@ bool ExecuteServiceArgument::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
   }
   return true;
 }
+void ExecuteServiceArgument::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
+  uint32_t count_bool_array = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, 6);
+  this->bool_array.init(count_bool_array);
+  uint32_t count_int_array = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, 7);
+  this->int_array.init(count_int_array);
+  uint32_t count_float_array = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, 8);
+  this->float_array.init(count_float_array);
+  uint32_t count_string_array = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, 9);
+  this->string_array.init(count_string_array);
+  ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(buffer, length);
+}
 bool ExecuteServiceRequest::decode_length(uint32_t field_id, ProtoLengthDelimited value) {
   switch (field_id) {
     case 2:
@@ -1085,6 +1096,11 @@ bool ExecuteServiceRequest::decode_32bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto32Bit value) {
   }
   return true;
 }
+void ExecuteServiceRequest::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
+  uint32_t count_args = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, 2);
+  this->args.init(count_args);
+  ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(buffer, length);
+}
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_CAMERA
 void ListEntitiesCameraResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
@@ -1185,6 +1201,7 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   buffer.encode_uint32(26, this->device_id);
 #endif
+  buffer.encode_uint32(27, this->feature_flags);
 }
 void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_length(1, this->object_id_ref_.size());
@@ -1239,6 +1256,7 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   size.add_uint32(2, this->device_id);
 #endif
+  size.add_uint32(2, this->feature_flags);
 }
 void ClimateStateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_fixed32(1, this->key);

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -1279,10 +1279,11 @@ class ExecuteServiceArgument final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   float float_{0.0f};
   std::string string_{};
   int32_t int_{0};
-  std::vector<bool> bool_array{};
-  std::vector<int32_t> int_array{};
-  std::vector<float> float_array{};
-  std::vector<std::string> string_array{};
+  FixedVector<bool> bool_array{};
+  FixedVector<int32_t> int_array{};
+  FixedVector<float> float_array{};
+  FixedVector<std::string> string_array{};
+  void decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1300,7 +1301,8 @@ class ExecuteServiceRequest final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
   const char *message_name() const override { return "execute_service_request"; }
 #endif
   uint32_t key{0};
-  std::vector<ExecuteServiceArgument> args{};
+  FixedVector<ExecuteServiceArgument> args{};
+  void decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
 #endif
@@ -1369,7 +1371,7 @@ class CameraImageRequest final : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 class ListEntitiesClimateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
  public:
   static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 46;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 145;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 150;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
   const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_climate_response"; }
 #endif
@@ -1390,6 +1392,7 @@ class ListEntitiesClimateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_target_humidity{false};
   float visual_min_humidity{0.0f};
   float visual_max_humidity{0.0f};
+  uint32_t feature_flags{0};
   void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_dump.cpp

@@ -1292,6 +1292,7 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   dump_field(out, "device_id", this->device_id);
 #endif
+  dump_field(out, "feature_flags", this->feature_flags);
 }
 void ClimateStateResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   MessageDumpHelper helper(out, "ClimateStateResponse");

esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h

@@ -41,10 +41,14 @@ template<typename... X> class TemplatableStringValue : public TemplatableValue<s
 
 template<typename... Ts> class TemplatableKeyValuePair {
  public:
+  // Default constructor needed for FixedVector::emplace_back()
+  TemplatableKeyValuePair() = default;
+
   // Keys are always string literals from YAML dictionary keys (e.g., "code", "event")
   // and never templatable values or lambdas. Only the value parameter can be a lambda/template.
   // Using pass-by-value with std::move allows optimal performance for both lvalues and rvalues.
   template<typename T> TemplatableKeyValuePair(std::string key, T value) : key(std::move(key)), value(value) {}
+
   std::string key;
   TemplatableStringValue<Ts...> value;
 };
@@ -93,15 +97,22 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
 
   template<typename T> void set_service(T service) { this->service_ = service; }
 
+  // Initialize FixedVector members - called from Python codegen with compile-time known sizes.
+  // Must be called before any add_* methods; capacity must match the number of subsequent add_* calls.
+  void init_data(size_t count) { this->data_.init(count); }
+  void init_data_template(size_t count) { this->data_template_.init(count); }
+  void init_variables(size_t count) { this->variables_.init(count); }
+
   // Keys are always string literals from the Python code generation (e.g., cg.add(var.add_data("tag_id", templ))).
   // The value parameter can be a lambda/template, but keys are never templatable.
-  // Using pass-by-value allows the compiler to optimize for both lvalues and rvalues.
-  template<typename T> void add_data(std::string key, T value) { this->data_.emplace_back(std::move(key), value); }
-  template<typename T> void add_data_template(std::string key, T value) {
-    this->data_template_.emplace_back(std::move(key), value);
+  template<typename K, typename V> void add_data(K &&key, V &&value) {
+    this->add_kv_(this->data_, std::forward<K>(key), std::forward<V>(value));
   }
-  template<typename T> void add_variable(std::string key, T value) {
-    this->variables_.emplace_back(std::move(key), value);
+  template<typename K, typename V> void add_data_template(K &&key, V &&value) {
+    this->add_kv_(this->data_template_, std::forward<K>(key), std::forward<V>(value));
+  }
+  template<typename K, typename V> void add_variable(K &&key, V &&value) {
+    this->add_kv_(this->variables_, std::forward<K>(key), std::forward<V>(value));
   }
 
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
@@ -174,6 +185,13 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
   }
 
  protected:
+  // Helper to add key-value pairs to FixedVectors with perfect forwarding to avoid copies
+  template<typename K, typename V> void add_kv_(FixedVector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> &vec, K &&key, V &&value) {
+    auto &kv = vec.emplace_back();
+    kv.key = std::forward<K>(key);
+    kv.value = std::forward<V>(value);
+  }
+
   template<typename VectorType, typename SourceType>
   static void populate_service_map(VectorType &dest, SourceType &source, Ts... x) {
     dest.init(source.size());
@@ -186,9 +204,9 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
 
   APIServer *parent_;
   TemplatableStringValue<Ts...> service_{};
-  std::vector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> data_;
-  std::vector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> data_template_;
-  std::vector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> variables_;
+  FixedVector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> data_;
+  FixedVector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> data_template_;
+  FixedVector<TemplatableKeyValuePair<Ts...>> variables_;
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
 #ifdef USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES_JSON
   TemplatableStringValue<Ts...> response_template_{""};

esphome/components/api/proto.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,69 @@ namespace esphome::api {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "api.proto";
 
+uint32_t ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length, uint32_t target_field_id) {
+  uint32_t count = 0;
+  const uint8_t *ptr = buffer;
+  const uint8_t *end = buffer + length;
+
+  while (ptr < end) {
+    uint32_t consumed;
+
+    // Parse field header (tag)
+    auto res = ProtoVarInt::parse(ptr, end - ptr, &consumed);
+    if (!res.has_value()) {
+      break;  // Invalid data, stop counting
+    }
+
+    uint32_t tag = res->as_uint32();
+    uint32_t field_type = tag & WIRE_TYPE_MASK;
+    uint32_t field_id = tag >> 3;
+    ptr += consumed;
+
+    // Count if this is the target field
+    if (field_id == target_field_id) {
+      count++;
+    }
+
+    // Skip field data based on wire type
+    switch (field_type) {
+      case WIRE_TYPE_VARINT: {  // VarInt - parse and skip
+        res = ProtoVarInt::parse(ptr, end - ptr, &consumed);
+        if (!res.has_value()) {
+          return count;  // Invalid data, return what we have
+        }
+        ptr += consumed;
+        break;
+      }
+      case WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED: {  // Length-delimited - parse length and skip data
+        res = ProtoVarInt::parse(ptr, end - ptr, &consumed);
+        if (!res.has_value()) {
+          return count;
+        }
+        uint32_t field_length = res->as_uint32();
+        ptr += consumed;
+        if (ptr + field_length > end) {
+          return count;  // Out of bounds
+        }
+        ptr += field_length;
+        break;
+      }
+      case WIRE_TYPE_FIXED32: {  // 32-bit - skip 4 bytes
+        if (ptr + 4 > end) {
+          return count;
+        }
+        ptr += 4;
+        break;
+      }
+      default:
+        // Unknown wire type, can't continue
+        return count;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return count;
+}
+
 void ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
   const uint8_t *ptr = buffer;
   const uint8_t *end = buffer + length;
@@ -22,12 +85,12 @@ void ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
     }
 
     uint32_t tag = res->as_uint32();
-    uint32_t field_type = tag & 0b111;
+    uint32_t field_type = tag & WIRE_TYPE_MASK;
     uint32_t field_id = tag >> 3;
     ptr += consumed;
 
     switch (field_type) {
-      case 0: {  // VarInt
+      case WIRE_TYPE_VARINT: {  // VarInt
         res = ProtoVarInt::parse(ptr, end - ptr, &consumed);
         if (!res.has_value()) {
           ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Invalid VarInt at offset %ld", (long) (ptr - buffer));
@@ -39,7 +102,7 @@ void ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
         ptr += consumed;
         break;
       }
-      case 2: {  // Length-delimited
+      case WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED: {  // Length-delimited
         res = ProtoVarInt::parse(ptr, end - ptr, &consumed);
         if (!res.has_value()) {
           ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Invalid Length Delimited at offset %ld", (long) (ptr - buffer));
@@ -57,7 +120,7 @@ void ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {
         ptr += field_length;
         break;
       }
-      case 5: {  // 32-bit
+      case WIRE_TYPE_FIXED32: {  // 32-bit
         if (ptr + 4 > end) {
           ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Out-of-bounds Fixed32-bit at offset %ld", (long) (ptr - buffer));
           return;

esphome/components/api/proto.h

@@ -15,6 +15,13 @@
 
 namespace esphome::api {
 
+// Protocol Buffer wire type constants
+// See https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/#structure
+constexpr uint8_t WIRE_TYPE_VARINT = 0;            // int32, int64, uint32, uint64, sint32, sint64, bool, enum
+constexpr uint8_t WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_DELIMITED = 2;  // string, bytes, embedded messages, packed repeated fields
+constexpr uint8_t WIRE_TYPE_FIXED32 = 5;           // fixed32, sfixed32, float
+constexpr uint8_t WIRE_TYPE_MASK = 0b111;          // Mask to extract wire type from tag
+
 // Helper functions for ZigZag encoding/decoding
 inline constexpr uint32_t encode_zigzag32(int32_t value) {
   return (static_cast<uint32_t>(value) << 1) ^ (static_cast<uint32_t>(value >> 31));
@@ -241,7 +248,7 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
    * Following https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/#structure
    */
   void encode_field_raw(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t type) {
-    uint32_t val = (field_id << 3) | (type & 0b111);
+    uint32_t val = (field_id << 3) | (type & WIRE_TYPE_MASK);
     this->encode_varint_raw(val);
   }
   void encode_string(uint32_t field_id, const char *string, size_t len, bool force = false) {
@@ -354,7 +361,18 @@ class ProtoMessage {
 // Base class for messages that support decoding
 class ProtoDecodableMessage : public ProtoMessage {
  public:
-  void decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length);
+  virtual void decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length);
+
+  /**
+   * Count occurrences of a repeated field in a protobuf buffer.
+   * This is a lightweight scan that only parses tags and skips field data.
+   *
+   * @param buffer Pointer to the protobuf buffer
+   * @param length Length of the buffer in bytes
+   * @param target_field_id The field ID to count
+   * @return Number of times the field appears in the buffer
+   */
+  static uint32_t count_repeated_field(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length, uint32_t target_field_id);
 
  protected:
   virtual bool decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) { return false; }
@@ -482,7 +500,7 @@ class ProtoSize {
    * @return The number of bytes needed to encode the field ID and wire type
    */
   static constexpr uint32_t field(uint32_t field_id, uint32_t type) {
-    uint32_t tag = (field_id << 3) | (type & 0b111);
+    uint32_t tag = (field_id << 3) | (type & WIRE_TYPE_MASK);
     return varint(tag);
   }
 

esphome/components/api/user_services.cpp

@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ template<> int32_t get_execute_arg_value<int32_t>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &
 template<> float get_execute_arg_value<float>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) { return arg.float_; }
 template<> std::string get_execute_arg_value<std::string>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) { return arg.string_; }
 template<> std::vector<bool> get_execute_arg_value<std::vector<bool>>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) {
-  return arg.bool_array;
+  return std::vector<bool>(arg.bool_array.begin(), arg.bool_array.end());
 }
 template<> std::vector<int32_t> get_execute_arg_value<std::vector<int32_t>>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) {
-  return arg.int_array;
+  return std::vector<int32_t>(arg.int_array.begin(), arg.int_array.end());
 }
 template<> std::vector<float> get_execute_arg_value<std::vector<float>>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) {
-  return arg.float_array;
+  return std::vector<float>(arg.float_array.begin(), arg.float_array.end());
 }
 template<> std::vector<std::string> get_execute_arg_value<std::vector<std::string>>(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg) {
-  return arg.string_array;
+  return std::vector<std::string>(arg.string_array.begin(), arg.string_array.end());
 }
 
 template<> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type<bool>() { return enums::SERVICE_ARG_TYPE_BOOL; }

esphome/components/api/user_services.h

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceBase : public UserServiceDescriptor {
 
  protected:
   virtual void execute(Ts... x) = 0;
-  template<int... S> void execute_(const std::vector<ExecuteServiceArgument> &args, seq<S...> type) {
+  template<typename ArgsContainer, int... S> void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, seq<S...> type) {
     this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
   }
 

esphome/components/bh1900nux/bh1900nux.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "bh1900nux.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace bh1900nux {
+
+static const char *const TAG = "bh1900nux.sensor";
+
+// I2C Registers
+static const uint8_t TEMPERATURE_REG = 0x00;
+static const uint8_t CONFIG_REG = 0x01;            // Not used and supported yet
+static const uint8_t TEMPERATURE_LOW_REG = 0x02;   // Not used and supported yet
+static const uint8_t TEMPERATURE_HIGH_REG = 0x03;  // Not used and supported yet
+static const uint8_t SOFT_RESET_REG = 0x04;
+
+// I2C Command payloads
+static const uint8_t SOFT_RESET_PAYLOAD = 0x01;  // Soft Reset value
+
+static const float SENSOR_RESOLUTION = 0.0625f;  // Sensor resolution per bit in degrees celsius
+
+void BH1900NUXSensor::setup() {
+  // Initialize I2C device
+  i2c::ErrorCode result_code =
+      this->write_register(SOFT_RESET_REG, &SOFT_RESET_PAYLOAD, 1);  // Software Reset to check communication
+  if (result_code != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    this->mark_failed(ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL);
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
+void BH1900NUXSensor::update() {
+  uint8_t temperature_raw[2];
+  if (this->read_register(TEMPERATURE_REG, temperature_raw, 2) != i2c::ERROR_OK) {
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Combined raw value, unsigned and unaligned 16 bit
+  // Temperature is represented in just 12 bits, shift needed
+  int16_t raw_temperature_register_value = encode_uint16(temperature_raw[0], temperature_raw[1]);
+  raw_temperature_register_value >>= 4;
+  float temperature_value = raw_temperature_register_value * SENSOR_RESOLUTION;  // Apply sensor resolution
+
+  this->publish_state(temperature_value);
+}
+
+void BH1900NUXSensor::dump_config() {
+  LOG_SENSOR("", "BH1900NUX", this);
+  LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
+  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
+}
+
+}  // namespace bh1900nux
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bh1900nux/bh1900nux.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace bh1900nux {
+
+class BH1900NUXSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+ public:
+  void setup() override;
+  void update() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace bh1900nux
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bh1900nux/sensor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+from esphome.components import i2c, sensor
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.const import (
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    UNIT_CELSIUS,
+)
+
+DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c"]
+CODEOWNERS = ["@B48D81EFCC"]
+
+sensor_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("bh1900nux")
+BH1900NUXSensor = sensor_ns.class_(
+    "BH1900NUXSensor", cg.PollingComponent, i2c.I2CDevice
+)
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
+    sensor.sensor_schema(
+        BH1900NUXSensor,
+        accuracy_decimals=1,
+        unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,
+        device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+        state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+    )
+    .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
+    .extend(i2c.i2c_device_schema(0x48))
+)
+
+
+async def to_code(config):
+    var = await sensor.new_sensor(config)
+    await cg.register_component(var, config)
+    await i2c.register_i2c_device(var, config)

esphome/components/cap1188/cap1188.cpp

@@ -8,17 +8,30 @@ namespace cap1188 {
 static const char *const TAG = "cap1188";
 
 void CAP1188Component::setup() {
-  // Reset device using the reset pin
-  if (this->reset_pin_ != nullptr) {
-    this->reset_pin_->setup();
-    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
-    delay(100);  // NOLINT
-    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
-    delay(100);  // NOLINT
-    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
-    delay(100);  // NOLINT
+  this->disable_loop();
+
+  // no reset pin
+  if (this->reset_pin_ == nullptr) {
+    this->finish_setup_();
+    return;
   }
 
+  // reset pin configured so reset before finishing setup
+  this->reset_pin_->setup();
+  this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
+  // delay after reset pin write
+  this->set_timeout(100, [this]() {
+    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+    // delay after reset pin write
+    this->set_timeout(100, [this]() {
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
+      // delay after reset pin write
+      this->set_timeout(100, [this]() { this->finish_setup_(); });
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+void CAP1188Component::finish_setup_() {
   // Check if CAP1188 is actually connected
   this->read_byte(CAP1188_PRODUCT_ID, &this->cap1188_product_id_);
   this->read_byte(CAP1188_MANUFACTURE_ID, &this->cap1188_manufacture_id_);
@@ -44,6 +57,9 @@ void CAP1188Component::setup() {
 
   // Speed up a bit
   this->write_byte(CAP1188_STAND_BY_CONFIGURATION, 0x30);
+
+  // Setup successful, so enable loop
+  this->enable_loop();
 }
 
 void CAP1188Component::dump_config() {

esphome/components/cap1188/cap1188.h

@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ class CAP1188Component : public Component, public i2c::I2CDevice {
   void loop() override;
 
  protected:
+  void finish_setup_();
+
   std::vector<CAP1188Channel *> channels_{};
   uint8_t touch_threshold_{0x20};
   uint8_t allow_multiple_touches_{0x80};

esphome/components/climate/climate.cpp

@@ -96,7 +96,8 @@ void ClimateCall::validate_() {
   }
   if (this->target_temperature_.has_value()) {
     auto target = *this->target_temperature_;
-    if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+    if (traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                                 CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Cannot set target temperature for climate device "
                     "with two-point target temperature!");
       this->target_temperature_.reset();
@@ -106,7 +107,8 @@ void ClimateCall::validate_() {
     }
   }
   if (this->target_temperature_low_.has_value() || this->target_temperature_high_.has_value()) {
-    if (!traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+    if (!traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                                  CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Cannot set low/high target temperature for this device!");
       this->target_temperature_low_.reset();
       this->target_temperature_high_.reset();
@@ -350,13 +352,14 @@ void Climate::save_state_() {
 
   state.mode = this->mode;
   auto traits = this->get_traits();
-  if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                               CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
     state.target_temperature_low = this->target_temperature_low;
     state.target_temperature_high = this->target_temperature_high;
   } else {
     state.target_temperature = this->target_temperature;
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY)) {
     state.target_humidity = this->target_humidity;
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && fan_mode.has_value()) {
@@ -400,7 +403,7 @@ void Climate::publish_state() {
   auto traits = this->get_traits();
 
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_mode_to_string(this->mode)));
-  if (traits.get_supports_action()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION)) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Action: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_action_to_string(this->action)));
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && this->fan_mode.has_value()) {
@@ -418,19 +421,20 @@ void Climate::publish_state() {
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Swing Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_swing_mode_to_string(this->swing_mode)));
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE)) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Current Temperature: %.2f°C", this->current_temperature);
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                               CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Target Temperature: Low: %.2f°C High: %.2f°C", this->target_temperature_low,
              this->target_temperature_high);
   } else {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Target Temperature: %.2f°C", this->target_temperature);
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY)) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Current Humidity: %.0f%%", this->current_humidity);
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY)) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Target Humidity: %.0f%%", this->target_humidity);
   }
 
@@ -485,13 +489,14 @@ ClimateCall ClimateDeviceRestoreState::to_call(Climate *climate) {
   auto call = climate->make_call();
   auto traits = climate->get_traits();
   call.set_mode(this->mode);
-  if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                               CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
     call.set_target_temperature_low(this->target_temperature_low);
     call.set_target_temperature_high(this->target_temperature_high);
   } else {
     call.set_target_temperature(this->target_temperature);
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY)) {
     call.set_target_humidity(this->target_humidity);
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() || !traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty()) {
@@ -508,13 +513,14 @@ ClimateCall ClimateDeviceRestoreState::to_call(Climate *climate) {
 void ClimateDeviceRestoreState::apply(Climate *climate) {
   auto traits = climate->get_traits();
   climate->mode = this->mode;
-  if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                               CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
     climate->target_temperature_low = this->target_temperature_low;
     climate->target_temperature_high = this->target_temperature_high;
   } else {
     climate->target_temperature = this->target_temperature;
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY)) {
     climate->target_humidity = this->target_humidity;
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && !this->uses_custom_fan_mode) {
@@ -580,28 +586,30 @@ void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
                 "          Target: %.1f",
                 traits.get_visual_min_temperature(), traits.get_visual_max_temperature(),
                 traits.get_visual_target_temperature_step());
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "          Current: %.1f", traits.get_visual_current_temperature_step());
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity() || traits.get_supports_current_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY |
+                               climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag,
                   "      - Min humidity: %.0f\n"
                   "      - Max humidity: %.0f",
                   traits.get_visual_min_humidity(), traits.get_visual_max_humidity());
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_two_point_target_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE |
+                               CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  [x] Supports two-point target temperature");
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_temperature()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  [x] Supports current temperature");
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_target_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  [x] Supports target humidity");
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_current_humidity()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  [x] Supports current humidity");
   }
-  if (traits.get_supports_action()) {
+  if (traits.has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION)) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  [x] Supports action");
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_modes().empty()) {

esphome/components/climate/climate_mode.h

@@ -98,6 +98,21 @@ enum ClimatePreset : uint8_t {
   CLIMATE_PRESET_ACTIVITY = 7,
 };
 
+enum ClimateFeature : uint32_t {
+  // Reporting current temperature is supported
+  CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE = 1 << 0,
+  // Setting two target temperatures is supported (used in conjunction with CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL)
+  CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE = 1 << 1,
+  // Single-point mode is NOT supported (UI always displays two handles, setting 'target_temperature' is not supported)
+  CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE = 1 << 2,
+  // Reporting current humidity is supported
+  CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY = 1 << 3,
+  // Setting a target humidity is supported
+  CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY = 1 << 4,
+  // Reporting current climate action is supported
+  CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION = 1 << 5,
+};
+
 /// Convert the given ClimateMode to a human-readable string.
 const LogString *climate_mode_to_string(ClimateMode mode);
 

esphome/components/climate/climate_traits.h

@@ -21,48 +21,92 @@ namespace climate {
  *  - Target Temperature
  *
  * All other properties and modes are optional and the integration must mark
- * each of them as supported by setting the appropriate flag here.
+ * each of them as supported by setting the appropriate flag(s) here.
  *
- *  - supports current temperature - if the climate device supports reporting a current temperature
- *  - supports two point target temperature - if the climate device's target temperature should be
- *     split in target_temperature_low and target_temperature_high instead of just the single target_temperature
+ *  - feature flags: see ClimateFeatures enum in climate_mode.h
  *  - supports modes:
  *    - auto mode (automatic control)
  *    - cool mode (lowers current temperature)
  *    - heat mode (increases current temperature)
  *    - dry mode (removes humidity from air)
  *    - fan mode (only turns on fan)
- *  - supports action - if the climate device supports reporting the active
- *    current action of the device with the action property.
  *  - supports fan modes - optionally, if it has a fan which can be configured in different ways:
  *    - on, off, auto, high, medium, low, middle, focus, diffuse, quiet
  *  - supports swing modes - optionally, if it has a swing which can be configured in different ways:
  *    - off, both, vertical, horizontal
  *
  * This class also contains static data for the climate device display:
- *  - visual min/max temperature - tells the frontend what range of temperatures the climate device
- *     should display (gauge min/max values)
+ *  - visual min/max temperature/humidity - tells the frontend what range of temperature/humidity the
+ *     climate device should display (gauge min/max values)
  *  - temperature step - the step with which to increase/decrease target temperature.
  *     This also affects with how many decimal places the temperature is shown
  */
 class ClimateTraits {
  public:
-  bool get_supports_current_temperature() const { return this->supports_current_temperature_; }
+  /// Get/set feature flags (see ClimateFeatures enum in climate_mode.h)
+  uint32_t get_feature_flags() const { return this->feature_flags_; }
+  void add_feature_flags(uint32_t feature_flags) { this->feature_flags_ |= feature_flags; }
+  void clear_feature_flags(uint32_t feature_flags) { this->feature_flags_ &= ~feature_flags; }
+  bool has_feature_flags(uint32_t feature_flags) const { return this->feature_flags_ & feature_flags; }
+  void set_feature_flags(uint32_t feature_flags) { this->feature_flags_ = feature_flags; }
+
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use get_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
+  bool get_supports_current_temperature() const {
+    return this->has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE);
+  }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use add_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
   void set_supports_current_temperature(bool supports_current_temperature) {
-    this->supports_current_temperature_ = supports_current_temperature;
+    if (supports_current_temperature) {
+      this->add_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE);
+    } else {
+      this->clear_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE);
+    }
   }
-  bool get_supports_current_humidity() const { return this->supports_current_humidity_; }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use get_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
+  bool get_supports_current_humidity() const { return this->has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY); }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use add_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
   void set_supports_current_humidity(bool supports_current_humidity) {
-    this->supports_current_humidity_ = supports_current_humidity;
+    if (supports_current_humidity) {
+      this->add_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY);
+    } else {
+      this->clear_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY);
+    }
   }
-  bool get_supports_two_point_target_temperature() const { return this->supports_two_point_target_temperature_; }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use get_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
+  bool get_supports_two_point_target_temperature() const {
+    return this->has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE);
+  }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use add_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
   void set_supports_two_point_target_temperature(bool supports_two_point_target_temperature) {
-    this->supports_two_point_target_temperature_ = supports_two_point_target_temperature;
+    if (supports_two_point_target_temperature)
+    // Use CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE to mimic previous behavior
+    {
+      this->add_feature_flags(CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE);
+    } else {
+      this->clear_feature_flags(CLIMATE_REQUIRES_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE);
+    }
   }
-  bool get_supports_target_humidity() const { return this->supports_target_humidity_; }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use get_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
+  bool get_supports_target_humidity() const { return this->has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY); }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use add_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
   void set_supports_target_humidity(bool supports_target_humidity) {
-    this->supports_target_humidity_ = supports_target_humidity;
+    if (supports_target_humidity) {
+      this->add_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY);
+    } else {
+      this->clear_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY);
+    }
   }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use get_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
+  bool get_supports_action() const { return this->has_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION); }
+  ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use add_feature_flags() instead", "2025.11.0")
+  void set_supports_action(bool supports_action) {
+    if (supports_action) {
+      this->add_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION);
+    } else {
+      this->clear_feature_flags(CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION);
+    }
+  }
+
   void set_supported_modes(std::set<ClimateMode> modes) { this->supported_modes_ = std::move(modes); }
   void add_supported_mode(ClimateMode mode) { this->supported_modes_.insert(mode); }
   ESPDEPRECATED("This method is deprecated, use set_supported_modes() instead", "v1.20")
@@ -82,9 +126,6 @@ class ClimateTraits {
   bool supports_mode(ClimateMode mode) const { return this->supported_modes_.count(mode); }
   const std::set<ClimateMode> &get_supported_modes() const { return this->supported_modes_; }
 
-  void set_supports_action(bool supports_action) { this->supports_action_ = supports_action; }
-  bool get_supports_action() const { return this->supports_action_; }
-
   void set_supported_fan_modes(std::set<ClimateFanMode> modes) { this->supported_fan_modes_ = std::move(modes); }
   void add_supported_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode mode) { this->supported_fan_modes_.insert(mode); }
   void add_supported_custom_fan_mode(const std::string &mode) { this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.insert(mode); }
@@ -219,24 +260,20 @@ class ClimateTraits {
     }
   }
 
-  bool supports_current_temperature_{false};
-  bool supports_current_humidity_{false};
-  bool supports_two_point_target_temperature_{false};
-  bool supports_target_humidity_{false};
-  std::set<climate::ClimateMode> supported_modes_ = {climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF};
-  bool supports_action_{false};
-  std::set<climate::ClimateFanMode> supported_fan_modes_;
-  std::set<climate::ClimateSwingMode> supported_swing_modes_;
-  std::set<climate::ClimatePreset> supported_presets_;
-  std::set<std::string> supported_custom_fan_modes_;
-  std::set<std::string> supported_custom_presets_;
-
+  uint32_t feature_flags_{0};
   float visual_min_temperature_{10};
   float visual_max_temperature_{30};
   float visual_target_temperature_step_{0.1};
   float visual_current_temperature_step_{0.1};
   float visual_min_humidity_{30};
   float visual_max_humidity_{99};
+
+  std::set<climate::ClimateMode> supported_modes_ = {climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF};
+  std::set<climate::ClimateFanMode> supported_fan_modes_;
+  std::set<climate::ClimateSwingMode> supported_swing_modes_;
+  std::set<climate::ClimatePreset> supported_presets_;
+  std::set<std::string> supported_custom_fan_modes_;
+  std::set<std::string> supported_custom_presets_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace climate

esphome/components/datetime/datetime_base.h

@@ -30,14 +30,12 @@ class DateTimeBase : public EntityBase {
 #endif
 };
 
-#ifdef USE_TIME
 class DateTimeStateTrigger : public Trigger<ESPTime> {
  public:
   explicit DateTimeStateTrigger(DateTimeBase *parent) {
     parent->add_on_state_callback([this, parent]() { this->trigger(parent->state_as_esptime()); });
   }
 };
-#endif
 
 }  // namespace datetime
 }  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp

@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 #include <esp_chip_info.h>
 #include <esp_partition.h>
 
-#include <map>
-
 #ifdef USE_ARDUINO
 #include <Esp.h>
 #endif
@@ -125,7 +123,12 @@ void DebugComponent::log_partition_info_() {
 
 uint32_t DebugComponent::get_free_heap_() { return heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL); }
 
-static const std::map<int, const char *> CHIP_FEATURES = {
+struct ChipFeature {
+  int bit;
+  const char *name;
+};
+
+static constexpr ChipFeature CHIP_FEATURES[] = {
     {CHIP_FEATURE_BLE, "BLE"},
     {CHIP_FEATURE_BT, "BT"},
     {CHIP_FEATURE_EMB_FLASH, "EMB Flash"},
@@ -170,11 +173,13 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
   esp_chip_info(&info);
   const char *model = ESPHOME_VARIANT;
   std::string features;
-  for (auto feature : CHIP_FEATURES) {
-    if (info.features & feature.first) {
-      features += feature.second;
+
+  // Check each known feature bit
+  for (const auto &feature : CHIP_FEATURES) {
+    if (info.features & feature.bit) {
+      features += feature.name;
       features += ", ";
-      info.features &= ~feature.first;
+      info.features &= ~feature.bit;
     }
   }
   if (info.features != 0)

esphome/components/debug/debug_zephyr.cpp

@@ -25,10 +25,37 @@ static void show_reset_reason(std::string &reset_reason, bool set, const char *r
   reset_reason += reason;
 }
 
-inline uint32_t read_mem_u32(uintptr_t addr) {
+static inline uint32_t read_mem_u32(uintptr_t addr) {
   return *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint32_t *>(addr);  // NOLINT(performance-no-int-to-ptr)
 }
 
+static inline uint8_t read_mem_u8(uintptr_t addr) {
+  return *reinterpret_cast<volatile uint8_t *>(addr);  // NOLINT(performance-no-int-to-ptr)
+}
+
+// defines from https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_nRF52_Bootloader which prints those information
+constexpr uint32_t SD_MAGIC_NUMBER = 0x51B1E5DB;
+constexpr uintptr_t MBR_SIZE = 0x1000;
+constexpr uintptr_t SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET = 0x2000;
+constexpr uintptr_t SD_ID_OFFSET = SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET + 0x10;
+constexpr uintptr_t SD_VERSION_OFFSET = SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET + 0x14;
+
+static inline bool is_sd_present() {
+  return read_mem_u32(SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET + MBR_SIZE + 4) == SD_MAGIC_NUMBER;
+}
+static inline uint32_t sd_id_get() {
+  if (read_mem_u8(MBR_SIZE + SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET) > (SD_ID_OFFSET - SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET)) {
+    return read_mem_u32(MBR_SIZE + SD_ID_OFFSET);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+static inline uint32_t sd_version_get() {
+  if (read_mem_u8(MBR_SIZE + SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET) > (SD_VERSION_OFFSET - SOFTDEVICE_INFO_STRUCT_OFFSET)) {
+    return read_mem_u32(MBR_SIZE + SD_VERSION_OFFSET);
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
 std::string DebugComponent::get_reset_reason_() {
   uint32_t cause;
   auto ret = hwinfo_get_reset_cause(&cause);
@@ -271,6 +298,29 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
            NRF_UICR->NRFFW[0]);
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "MBR param page addr 0x%08x, UICR param page addr 0x%08x", read_mem_u32(MBR_PARAM_PAGE_ADDR),
            NRF_UICR->NRFFW[1]);
+  if (is_sd_present()) {
+    uint32_t const sd_id = sd_id_get();
+    uint32_t const sd_version = sd_version_get();
+
+    uint32_t ver[3];
+    ver[0] = sd_version / 1000000;
+    ver[1] = (sd_version - ver[0] * 1000000) / 1000;
+    ver[2] = (sd_version - ver[0] * 1000000 - ver[1] * 1000);
+
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "SoftDevice: S%u %u.%u.%u", sd_id, ver[0], ver[1], ver[2]);
+#ifdef USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID
+#ifdef USE_SOFTDEVICE_VERSION
+    if (USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID != sd_id || USE_SOFTDEVICE_VERSION != ver[0]) {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Built for SoftDevice S%u %u.x.y. It may crash due to mismatch of bootloader version.",
+               USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID, USE_SOFTDEVICE_VERSION);
+    }
+#else
+    if (USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID != sd_id) {
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Built for SoftDevice S%u. It may crash due to mismatch of bootloader version.", USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID);
+    }
+#endif
+#endif
+  }
 #endif
 }
 

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -828,6 +828,9 @@ async def to_code(config):
     # Disable dynamic log level control to save memory
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_LOG_DYNAMIC_LEVEL_CONTROL", False)
 
+    # Reduce PHY TX power in the event of a brownout
+    add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP_PHY_REDUCE_TX_POWER", True)
+
     # Set default CPU frequency
     add_idf_sdkconfig_option(
         f"CONFIG_ESP_DEFAULT_CPU_FREQ_MHZ_{config[CONF_CPU_FREQUENCY][:-3]}", True

esphome/components/esp32_ble/__init__.py

@@ -108,8 +108,13 @@ class BTLoggers(Enum):
     """ESP32 WiFi provisioning over Bluetooth"""
 
 
-# Set to track which loggers are needed by components
-_required_loggers: set[BTLoggers] = set()
+# Key for storing required loggers in CORE.data
+ESP32_BLE_REQUIRED_LOGGERS_KEY = "esp32_ble_required_loggers"
+
+
+def _get_required_loggers() -> set[BTLoggers]:
+    """Get the set of required Bluetooth loggers from CORE.data."""
+    return CORE.data.setdefault(ESP32_BLE_REQUIRED_LOGGERS_KEY, set())
 
 
 # Dataclass for handler registration counts
@@ -170,12 +175,13 @@ def register_bt_logger(*loggers: BTLoggers) -> None:
     Args:
         *loggers: One or more BTLoggers enum members
     """
+    required_loggers = _get_required_loggers()
     for logger in loggers:
         if not isinstance(logger, BTLoggers):
             raise TypeError(
                 f"Logger must be a BTLoggers enum member, got {type(logger)}"
             )
-        _required_loggers.add(logger)
+        required_loggers.add(logger)
 
 
 CONF_BLE_ID = "ble_id"
@@ -488,8 +494,9 @@ async def to_code(config):
     # Apply logger settings if log disabling is enabled
     if config.get(CONF_DISABLE_BT_LOGS, False):
         # Disable all Bluetooth loggers that are not required
+        required_loggers = _get_required_loggers()
         for logger in BTLoggers:
-            if logger not in _required_loggers:
+            if logger not in required_loggers:
                 add_idf_sdkconfig_option(f"{logger.value}_NONE", True)
 
     # Set BLE connection establishment timeout to match aioesphomeapi/bleak-retry-connector

esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/__init__.py

@@ -60,11 +60,21 @@ class RegistrationCounts:
     clients: int = 0
 
 
-# Set to track which features are needed by components
-_required_features: set[BLEFeatures] = set()
+# CORE.data keys for state management
+ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_REQUIRED_FEATURES_KEY = "esp32_ble_tracker_required_features"
+ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_REGISTRATION_COUNTS_KEY = "esp32_ble_tracker_registration_counts"
 
-# Track registration counts for StaticVector sizing
-_registration_counts = RegistrationCounts()
+
+def _get_required_features() -> set[BLEFeatures]:
+    """Get the set of required BLE features from CORE.data."""
+    return CORE.data.setdefault(ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_REQUIRED_FEATURES_KEY, set())
+
+
+def _get_registration_counts() -> RegistrationCounts:
+    """Get the registration counts from CORE.data."""
+    return CORE.data.setdefault(
+        ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_REGISTRATION_COUNTS_KEY, RegistrationCounts()
+    )
 
 
 def register_ble_features(features: set[BLEFeatures]) -> None:
@@ -73,7 +83,7 @@ def register_ble_features(features: set[BLEFeatures]) -> None:
     Args:
         features: Set of BLEFeatures enum members
     """
-    _required_features.update(features)
+    _get_required_features().update(features)
 
 
 esp32_ble_tracker_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esp32_ble_tracker")
@@ -267,15 +277,17 @@ async def to_code(config):
     ):
         register_ble_features({BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE})
 
+    registration_counts = _get_registration_counts()
+
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_BLE_ADVERTISE, []):
-        _registration_counts.listeners += 1
+        registration_counts.listeners += 1
         trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
         if CONF_MAC_ADDRESS in conf:
             addr_list = [it.as_hex for it in conf[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS]]
             cg.add(trigger.set_addresses(addr_list))
         await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(ESPBTDeviceConstRef, "x")], conf)
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_BLE_SERVICE_DATA_ADVERTISE, []):
-        _registration_counts.listeners += 1
+        registration_counts.listeners += 1
         trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
         if len(conf[CONF_SERVICE_UUID]) == len(bt_uuid16_format):
             cg.add(trigger.set_service_uuid16(as_hex(conf[CONF_SERVICE_UUID])))
@@ -288,7 +300,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
             cg.add(trigger.set_address(conf[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS].as_hex))
         await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(adv_data_t_const_ref, "x")], conf)
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_BLE_MANUFACTURER_DATA_ADVERTISE, []):
-        _registration_counts.listeners += 1
+        registration_counts.listeners += 1
         trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
         if len(conf[CONF_MANUFACTURER_ID]) == len(bt_uuid16_format):
             cg.add(trigger.set_manufacturer_uuid16(as_hex(conf[CONF_MANUFACTURER_ID])))
@@ -301,7 +313,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
             cg.add(trigger.set_address(conf[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS].as_hex))
         await automation.build_automation(trigger, [(adv_data_t_const_ref, "x")], conf)
     for conf in config.get(CONF_ON_SCAN_END, []):
-        _registration_counts.listeners += 1
+        registration_counts.listeners += 1
         trigger = cg.new_Pvariable(conf[CONF_TRIGGER_ID], var)
         await automation.build_automation(trigger, [], conf)
 
@@ -331,19 +343,21 @@ async def to_code(config):
 @coroutine_with_priority(CoroPriority.FINAL)
 async def _add_ble_features():
     # Add feature-specific defines based on what's needed
-    if BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE in _required_features:
+    required_features = _get_required_features()
+    if BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE in required_features:
         cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_DEVICE")
         cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_UUID")
 
     # Add defines for StaticVector sizing based on registration counts
     # Only define if count > 0 to avoid allocating unnecessary memory
-    if _registration_counts.listeners > 0:
+    registration_counts = _get_registration_counts()
+    if registration_counts.listeners > 0:
         cg.add_define(
-            "ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_LISTENER_COUNT", _registration_counts.listeners
+            "ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_LISTENER_COUNT", registration_counts.listeners
         )
-    if _registration_counts.clients > 0:
+    if registration_counts.clients > 0:
         cg.add_define(
-            "ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_CLIENT_COUNT", _registration_counts.clients
+            "ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_TRACKER_CLIENT_COUNT", registration_counts.clients
         )
 
 
@@ -395,7 +409,7 @@ async def register_ble_device(
     var: cg.SafeExpType, config: ConfigType
 ) -> cg.SafeExpType:
     register_ble_features({BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE})
-    _registration_counts.listeners += 1
+    _get_registration_counts().listeners += 1
     paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ESP32_BLE_ID])
     cg.add(paren.register_listener(var))
     return var
@@ -403,7 +417,7 @@ async def register_ble_device(
 
 async def register_client(var: cg.SafeExpType, config: ConfigType) -> cg.SafeExpType:
     register_ble_features({BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE})
-    _registration_counts.clients += 1
+    _get_registration_counts().clients += 1
     paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ESP32_BLE_ID])
     cg.add(paren.register_client(var))
     return var
@@ -417,7 +431,7 @@ async def register_raw_ble_device(
     This does NOT register the ESP_BT_DEVICE feature, meaning ESPBTDevice
     will not be compiled in if this is the only registration method used.
     """
-    _registration_counts.listeners += 1
+    _get_registration_counts().listeners += 1
     paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ESP32_BLE_ID])
     cg.add(paren.register_listener(var))
     return var
@@ -431,7 +445,7 @@ async def register_raw_client(
     This does NOT register the ESP_BT_DEVICE feature, meaning ESPBTDevice
     will not be compiled in if this is the only registration method used.
     """
-    _registration_counts.clients += 1
+    _get_registration_counts().clients += 1
     paren = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ESP32_BLE_ID])
     cg.add(paren.register_client(var))
     return var

esphome/components/esp8266/__init__.py

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", "ESP8266")
     cg.add_define(ThreadModel.SINGLE)
 
-    cg.add_platformio_option("extra_scripts", ["post:post_build.py"])
+    cg.add_platformio_option("extra_scripts", ["pre:iram_fix.py", "post:post_build.py"])
 
     conf = config[CONF_FRAMEWORK]
     cg.add_platformio_option("framework", "arduino")
@@ -230,6 +230,12 @@ async def to_code(config):
     # For cases where nullptrs can be handled, use nothrow: `new (std::nothrow) T;`
     cg.add_build_flag("-DNEW_OOM_ABORT")
 
+    # In testing mode, fake a larger IRAM to allow linking grouped component tests
+    # Real ESP8266 hardware only has 32KB IRAM, but for CI testing we pretend it has 2MB
+    # This is done via a pre-build script that generates a custom linker script
+    if CORE.testing_mode:
+        cg.add_build_flag("-DESPHOME_TESTING_MODE")
+
     cg.add_platformio_option("board_build.flash_mode", config[CONF_BOARD_FLASH_MODE])
 
     ver: cv.Version = CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION]
@@ -265,3 +271,8 @@ def copy_files():
         post_build_file,
         CORE.relative_build_path("post_build.py"),
     )
+    iram_fix_file = dir / "iram_fix.py.script"
+    copy_file_if_changed(
+        iram_fix_file,
+        CORE.relative_build_path("iram_fix.py"),
+    )

esphome/components/esp8266/iram_fix.py.script

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import os
+import re
+
+# pylint: disable=E0602
+Import("env")  # noqa
+
+
+def patch_linker_script_after_preprocess(source, target, env):
+    """Patch the local linker script after PlatformIO preprocesses it."""
+    # Check if we're in testing mode by looking for the define
+    build_flags = env.get("BUILD_FLAGS", [])
+    testing_mode = any("-DESPHOME_TESTING_MODE" in flag for flag in build_flags)
+
+    if not testing_mode:
+        return
+
+    # Get the local linker script path
+    build_dir = env.subst("$BUILD_DIR")
+    local_ld = os.path.join(build_dir, "ld", "local.eagle.app.v6.common.ld")
+
+    if not os.path.exists(local_ld):
+        return
+
+    # Read the linker script
+    with open(local_ld, "r") as f:
+        content = f.read()
+
+    # Replace IRAM size from 0x8000 (32KB) to 0x200000 (2MB)
+    # The line looks like: iram1_0_seg : org = 0x40100000, len = 0x8000
+    updated = re.sub(
+        r"(iram1_0_seg\s*:\s*org\s*=\s*0x40100000\s*,\s*len\s*=\s*)0x8000",
+        r"\g<1>0x200000",
+        content,
+    )
+
+    if updated != content:
+        with open(local_ld, "w") as f:
+            f.write(updated)
+        print("ESPHome: Patched IRAM size to 2MB for testing mode")
+
+
+# Hook into the build process right before linking
+# This runs after PlatformIO has already preprocessed the linker scripts
+env.AddPreAction("$BUILD_DIR/${PROGNAME}.elf", patch_linker_script_after_preprocess)

esphome/components/esphome/ota/__init__.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
 from esphome.core import CORE, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.coroutine import CoroPriority
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
+from esphome.types import ConfigType
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -136,11 +137,12 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = ota_esphome_final_validate
 
 
 @coroutine_with_priority(CoroPriority.OTA_UPDATES)
-async def to_code(config):
+async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     cg.add(var.set_port(config[CONF_PORT]))
 
-    if CONF_PASSWORD in config:
+    # Password could be set to an empty string and we can assume that means no password
+    if config.get(CONF_PASSWORD):
         cg.add(var.set_auth_password(config[CONF_PASSWORD]))
         cg.add_define("USE_OTA_PASSWORD")
         # Only include hash algorithms when password is configured

esphome/components/htu21d/htu21d.cpp

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ static const char *const TAG = "htu21d";
 
 static const uint8_t HTU21D_ADDRESS = 0x40;
 static const uint8_t HTU21D_REGISTER_RESET = 0xFE;
-static const uint8_t HTU21D_REGISTER_TEMPERATURE = 0xE3;
-static const uint8_t HTU21D_REGISTER_HUMIDITY = 0xE5;
+static const uint8_t HTU21D_REGISTER_TEMPERATURE = 0xF3;
+static const uint8_t HTU21D_REGISTER_HUMIDITY = 0xF5;
 static const uint8_t HTU21D_WRITERHT_REG_CMD = 0xE6; /**< Write RH/T User Register 1 */
 static const uint8_t HTU21D_REGISTER_STATUS = 0xE7;
 static const uint8_t HTU21D_WRITEHEATER_REG_CMD = 0x51; /**< Write Heater Control Register */

esphome/components/i2s_audio/__init__.py

@@ -143,7 +143,18 @@ def validate_mclk_divisible_by_3(config):
     return config
 
 
-_use_legacy_driver = None
+# Key for storing legacy driver setting in CORE.data
+I2S_USE_LEGACY_DRIVER_KEY = "i2s_use_legacy_driver"
+
+
+def _get_use_legacy_driver():
+    """Get the legacy driver setting from CORE.data."""
+    return CORE.data.get(I2S_USE_LEGACY_DRIVER_KEY)
+
+
+def _set_use_legacy_driver(value: bool) -> None:
+    """Set the legacy driver setting in CORE.data."""
+    CORE.data[I2S_USE_LEGACY_DRIVER_KEY] = value
 
 
 def i2s_audio_component_schema(
@@ -209,17 +220,15 @@ async def register_i2s_audio_component(var, config):
 
 
 def validate_use_legacy(value):
-    global _use_legacy_driver  # noqa: PLW0603
     if CONF_USE_LEGACY in value:
-        if (_use_legacy_driver is not None) and (
-            _use_legacy_driver != value[CONF_USE_LEGACY]
-        ):
+        existing_value = _get_use_legacy_driver()
+        if (existing_value is not None) and (existing_value != value[CONF_USE_LEGACY]):
             raise cv.Invalid(
                 f"All i2s_audio components must set {CONF_USE_LEGACY} to the same value."
             )
         if (not value[CONF_USE_LEGACY]) and (CORE.using_arduino):
             raise cv.Invalid("Arduino supports only the legacy i2s driver")
-        _use_legacy_driver = value[CONF_USE_LEGACY]
+        _set_use_legacy_driver(value[CONF_USE_LEGACY])
     return value
 
 
@@ -249,7 +258,8 @@ def _final_validate(_):
 
 
 def use_legacy():
-    return not (CORE.using_esp_idf and not _use_legacy_driver)
+    legacy_driver = _get_use_legacy_driver()
+    return not (CORE.using_esp_idf and not legacy_driver)
 
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate

esphome/components/ina2xx_base/__init__.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ CONF_CHARGE = "charge"
 CONF_CHARGE_COULOMBS = "charge_coulombs"
 CONF_ENERGY_JOULES = "energy_joules"
 CONF_TEMPERATURE_COEFFICIENT = "temperature_coefficient"
+CONF_RESET_ON_BOOT = "reset_on_boot"
 UNIT_AMPERE_HOURS = "Ah"
 UNIT_COULOMB = "C"
 UNIT_JOULE = "J"
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ INA2XX_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
         cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE_COEFFICIENT, default=0): cv.int_range(
             min=0, max=16383
         ),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_RESET_ON_BOOT, default=True): cv.boolean,
         cv.Optional(CONF_SHUNT_VOLTAGE): cv.maybe_simple_value(
             sensor.sensor_schema(
                 unit_of_measurement=UNIT_MILLIVOLT,
@@ -206,6 +208,7 @@ async def setup_ina2xx(var, config):
     cg.add(var.set_adc_range(config[CONF_ADC_RANGE]))
     cg.add(var.set_adc_avg_samples(config[CONF_ADC_AVERAGING]))
     cg.add(var.set_shunt_tempco(config[CONF_TEMPERATURE_COEFFICIENT]))
+    cg.add(var.set_reset_on_boot(config[CONF_RESET_ON_BOOT]))
 
     adc_time_config = config[CONF_ADC_TIME]
     if isinstance(adc_time_config, dict):

esphome/components/ina2xx_base/ina2xx_base.cpp

@@ -257,7 +257,12 @@ bool INA2XX::reset_energy_counters() {
 bool INA2XX::reset_config_() {
   ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Reset");
   ConfigurationRegister cfg{0};
-  cfg.RST = true;
+  if (!this->reset_on_boot_) {
+    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Skipping on-boot device reset");
+    cfg.RST = false;
+  } else {
+    cfg.RST = true;
+  }
   return this->write_unsigned_16_(RegisterMap::REG_CONFIG, cfg.raw_u16);
 }
 

esphome/components/ina2xx_base/ina2xx_base.h

@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ class INA2XX : public PollingComponent {
   void set_adc_time_die_temperature(AdcTime time) { this->adc_time_die_temperature_ = time; }
   void set_adc_avg_samples(AdcAvgSamples samples) { this->adc_avg_samples_ = samples; }
   void set_shunt_tempco(uint16_t coeff) { this->shunt_tempco_ppm_c_ = coeff; }
+  void set_reset_on_boot(bool reset) { this->reset_on_boot_ = reset; }
 
   void set_shunt_voltage_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->shunt_voltage_sensor_ = sensor; }
   void set_bus_voltage_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->bus_voltage_sensor_ = sensor; }
@@ -172,6 +173,7 @@ class INA2XX : public PollingComponent {
   AdcTime adc_time_die_temperature_{AdcTime::ADC_TIME_4120US};
   AdcAvgSamples adc_avg_samples_{AdcAvgSamples::ADC_AVG_SAMPLES_128};
   uint16_t shunt_tempco_ppm_c_{0};
+  bool reset_on_boot_{true};
 
   //
   // Calculated coefficients

esphome/components/nrf52/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from esphome import pins
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ from .gpio import nrf52_pin_to_code  # noqa
 CODEOWNERS = ["@tomaszduda23"]
 AUTO_LOAD = ["zephyr"]
 IS_TARGET_PLATFORM = True
+_LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 def set_core_data(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
@@ -127,6 +129,10 @@ def _validate_mcumgr(config):
 def _final_validate(config):
     if CONF_DFU in config:
         _validate_mcumgr(config)
+    if config[KEY_BOOTLOADER] == BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT:
+        _LOGGER.warning(
+            "Selected generic Adafruit bootloader. The board might crash. Consider settings `bootloader:`"
+        )
 
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _final_validate
@@ -157,6 +163,13 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     if config[KEY_BOOTLOADER] == BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT:
         cg.add_define("USE_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT")
     else:
+        if "_sd" in config[KEY_BOOTLOADER]:
+            bootloader = config[KEY_BOOTLOADER].split("_")
+            sd_id = bootloader[2][2:]
+            cg.add_define("USE_SOFTDEVICE_ID", int(sd_id))
+            if (len(bootloader)) > 3:
+                sd_version = bootloader[3][1:]
+                cg.add_define("USE_SOFTDEVICE_VERSION", int(sd_version))
         # make sure that firmware.zip is created
         # for Adafruit_nRF52_Bootloader
         cg.add_platformio_option("board_upload.protocol", "nrfutil")

esphome/components/nrf52/boards.py

@@ -11,10 +11,18 @@ from .const import (
 BOARDS_ZEPHYR = {
     "adafruit_itsybitsy_nrf52840": {
         KEY_BOOTLOADER: [
+            BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD140_V6,
+            BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT,
+            BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD132,
+            BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD140_V7,
+        ]
+    },
+    "xiao_ble": {
+        KEY_BOOTLOADER: [
+            BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD140_V7,
             BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT,
             BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD132,
             BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD140_V6,
-            BOOTLOADER_ADAFRUIT_NRF52_SD140_V7,
         ]
     },
 }

esphome/components/number/__init__.py

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     DEVICE_CLASS_SPEED,
     DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS_PARTS,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLTAGE,
@@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ DEVICE_CLASSES = [
     DEVICE_CLASS_SPEED,
     DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS_PARTS,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLTAGE,

esphome/components/remote_base/__init__.py

@@ -1056,6 +1056,52 @@ async def sony_action(var, config, args):
     cg.add(var.set_nbits(template_))
 
 
+# Symphony
+SymphonyData, SymphonyBinarySensor, SymphonyTrigger, SymphonyAction, SymphonyDumper = (
+    declare_protocol("Symphony")
+)
+SYMPHONY_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
+    {
+        cv.Required(CONF_DATA): cv.hex_uint32_t,
+        cv.Required(CONF_NBITS): cv.int_range(min=1, max=32),
+        cv.Optional(CONF_COMMAND_REPEATS, default=2): cv.uint8_t,
+    }
+)
+
+
+@register_binary_sensor("symphony", SymphonyBinarySensor, SYMPHONY_SCHEMA)
+def symphony_binary_sensor(var, config):
+    cg.add(
+        var.set_data(
+            cg.StructInitializer(
+                SymphonyData,
+                ("data", config[CONF_DATA]),
+                ("nbits", config[CONF_NBITS]),
+            )
+        )
+    )
+
+
+@register_trigger("symphony", SymphonyTrigger, SymphonyData)
+def symphony_trigger(var, config):
+    pass
+
+
+@register_dumper("symphony", SymphonyDumper)
+def symphony_dumper(var, config):
+    pass
+
+
+@register_action("symphony", SymphonyAction, SYMPHONY_SCHEMA)
+async def symphony_action(var, config, args):
+    template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_DATA], args, cg.uint32)
+    cg.add(var.set_data(template_))
+    template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_NBITS], args, cg.uint32)
+    cg.add(var.set_nbits(template_))
+    template_ = await cg.templatable(config[CONF_COMMAND_REPEATS], args, cg.uint8)
+    cg.add(var.set_repeats(template_))
+
+
 # Raw
 def validate_raw_alternating(value):
     assert isinstance(value, list)

esphome/components/remote_base/symphony_protocol.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#include "symphony_protocol.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace remote_base {
+
+static const char *const TAG = "remote.symphony";
+
+// Reference implementation and timing details:
+// IRremoteESP8266 ir_Symphony.cpp
+// https://github.com/crankyoldgit/IRremoteESP8266/blob/master/src/ir_Symphony.cpp
+// The implementation below mirrors the constant bit-time mapping and
+// footer-gap handling used there.
+
+// Symphony protocol timing specifications (tuned to handset captures)
+static const uint32_t BIT_ZERO_HIGH_US = 460;  // short
+static const uint32_t BIT_ZERO_LOW_US = 1260;  // long
+static const uint32_t BIT_ONE_HIGH_US = 1260;  // long
+static const uint32_t BIT_ONE_LOW_US = 460;    // short
+static const uint32_t CARRIER_FREQUENCY = 38000;
+
+// IRremoteESP8266 reference: kSymphonyFooterGap = 4 * (mark + space)
+static const uint32_t FOOTER_GAP_US = 4 * (BIT_ZERO_HIGH_US + BIT_ZERO_LOW_US);
+// Typical inter-frame gap (~34.8 ms observed)
+static const uint32_t INTER_FRAME_GAP_US = 34760;
+
+void SymphonyProtocol::encode(RemoteTransmitData *dst, const SymphonyData &data) {
+  dst->set_carrier_frequency(CARRIER_FREQUENCY);
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Sending Symphony: data=0x%0*X nbits=%u repeats=%u", (data.nbits + 3) / 4, (uint32_t) data.data,
+           data.nbits, data.repeats);
+  // Each bit produces a mark+space (2 entries). We fold the inter-frame/footer gap
+  // into the last bit's space of each frame to avoid over-length gaps.
+  dst->reserve(data.nbits * 2u * data.repeats);
+
+  for (uint8_t repeats = 0; repeats < data.repeats; repeats++) {
+    // Data bits (MSB first)
+    for (uint32_t mask = 1UL << (data.nbits - 1); mask != 0; mask >>= 1) {
+      const bool is_last_bit = (mask == 1);
+      const bool is_last_frame = (repeats == (data.repeats - 1));
+      if (is_last_bit) {
+        // Emit last bit's mark; replace its space with the proper gap
+        if (data.data & mask) {
+          dst->mark(BIT_ONE_HIGH_US);
+        } else {
+          dst->mark(BIT_ZERO_HIGH_US);
+        }
+        dst->space(is_last_frame ? FOOTER_GAP_US : INTER_FRAME_GAP_US);
+      } else {
+        if (data.data & mask) {
+          dst->item(BIT_ONE_HIGH_US, BIT_ONE_LOW_US);
+        } else {
+          dst->item(BIT_ZERO_HIGH_US, BIT_ZERO_LOW_US);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+optional<SymphonyData> SymphonyProtocol::decode(RemoteReceiveData src) {
+  auto is_valid_len = [](uint8_t nbits) -> bool { return nbits == 8 || nbits == 12 || nbits == 16; };
+
+  RemoteReceiveData s = src;  // copy
+  SymphonyData out{0, 0, 1};
+
+  for (; out.nbits < 32; out.nbits++) {
+    if (s.expect_mark(BIT_ONE_HIGH_US)) {
+      if (!s.expect_space(BIT_ONE_LOW_US)) {
+        // Allow footer gap immediately after the last mark
+        if (s.peek_space_at_least(FOOTER_GAP_US)) {
+          uint8_t bits_with_this = out.nbits + 1;
+          if (is_valid_len(bits_with_this)) {
+            out.data = (out.data << 1UL) | 1UL;
+            out.nbits = bits_with_this;
+            return out;
+          }
+        }
+        return {};
+      }
+      // Successfully consumed a '1' bit (mark + space)
+      out.data = (out.data << 1UL) | 1UL;
+      continue;
+    } else if (s.expect_mark(BIT_ZERO_HIGH_US)) {
+      if (!s.expect_space(BIT_ZERO_LOW_US)) {
+        // Allow footer gap immediately after the last mark
+        if (s.peek_space_at_least(FOOTER_GAP_US)) {
+          uint8_t bits_with_this = out.nbits + 1;
+          if (is_valid_len(bits_with_this)) {
+            out.data = (out.data << 1UL) | 0UL;
+            out.nbits = bits_with_this;
+            return out;
+          }
+        }
+        return {};
+      }
+      // Successfully consumed a '0' bit (mark + space)
+      out.data = (out.data << 1UL) | 0UL;
+      continue;
+    } else {
+      // Completed a valid-length frame followed by a footer gap
+      if (is_valid_len(out.nbits) && s.peek_space_at_least(FOOTER_GAP_US)) {
+        return out;
+      }
+      return {};
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (is_valid_len(out.nbits) && s.peek_space_at_least(FOOTER_GAP_US)) {
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  return {};
+}
+
+void SymphonyProtocol::dump(const SymphonyData &data) {
+  const int32_t hex_width = (data.nbits + 3) / 4;  // pad to nibble width
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Received Symphony: data=0x%0*X, nbits=%d", hex_width, (uint32_t) data.data, data.nbits);
+}
+
+}  // namespace remote_base
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/remote_base/symphony_protocol.h

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "remote_base.h"
+
+#include <cinttypes>
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace remote_base {
+
+struct SymphonyData {
+  uint32_t data;
+  uint8_t nbits;
+  uint8_t repeats{1};
+
+  bool operator==(const SymphonyData &rhs) const { return data == rhs.data && nbits == rhs.nbits; }
+};
+
+class SymphonyProtocol : public RemoteProtocol<SymphonyData> {
+ public:
+  void encode(RemoteTransmitData *dst, const SymphonyData &data) override;
+  optional<SymphonyData> decode(RemoteReceiveData src) override;
+  void dump(const SymphonyData &data) override;
+};
+
+DECLARE_REMOTE_PROTOCOL(Symphony)
+
+template<typename... Ts> class SymphonyAction : public RemoteTransmitterActionBase<Ts...> {
+ public:
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint32_t, data)
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, nbits)
+  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, repeats)
+
+  void encode(RemoteTransmitData *dst, Ts... x) override {
+    SymphonyData data{};
+    data.data = this->data_.value(x...);
+    data.nbits = this->nbits_.value(x...);
+    data.repeats = this->repeats_.value(x...);
+    SymphonyProtocol().encode(dst, data);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace remote_base
+}  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/sensor/__init__.py

@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     DEVICE_CLASS_SPEED,
     DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TIMESTAMP,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS_PARTS,
@@ -157,6 +158,7 @@ DEVICE_CLASSES = [
     DEVICE_CLASS_SPEED,
     DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE,
+    DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA,
     DEVICE_CLASS_TIMESTAMP,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS,
     DEVICE_CLASS_VOLATILE_ORGANIC_COMPOUNDS_PARTS,

esphome/components/substitutions/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import logging
 
 from esphome import core
-from esphome.config_helpers import Extend, Remove, merge_config
+from esphome.config_helpers import Extend, Remove, merge_config, merge_dicts_ordered
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS, VALID_SUBSTITUTIONS_CHARACTERS
 from esphome.yaml_util import ESPHomeDataBase, ESPLiteralValue, make_data_base
@@ -170,10 +170,10 @@ def do_substitution_pass(config, command_line_substitutions, ignore_missing=Fals
         return
 
     # Merge substitutions in config, overriding with substitutions coming from command line:
-    substitutions = {
-        **config.get(CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS, {}),
-        **(command_line_substitutions or {}),
-    }
+    # Use merge_dicts_ordered to preserve OrderedDict type for move_to_end()
+    substitutions = merge_dicts_ordered(
+        config.get(CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS, {}), command_line_substitutions or {}
+    )
     with cv.prepend_path("substitutions"):
         if not isinstance(substitutions, dict):
             raise cv.Invalid(

esphome/components/thermostat/climate.py

@@ -71,9 +71,14 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_VISUAL,
 )
 
-CONF_PRESET_CHANGE = "preset_change"
 CONF_DEFAULT_PRESET = "default_preset"
+CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_DEHUMIDIFY_ACTION = "humidity_control_dehumidify_action"
+CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_HUMIDIFY_ACTION = "humidity_control_humidify_action"
+CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_OFF_ACTION = "humidity_control_off_action"
+CONF_HUMIDITY_HYSTERESIS = "humidity_hysteresis"
 CONF_ON_BOOT_RESTORE_FROM = "on_boot_restore_from"
+CONF_PRESET_CHANGE = "preset_change"
+CONF_TARGET_HUMIDITY_CHANGE_ACTION = "target_humidity_change_action"
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@kbx81"]
 
@@ -241,6 +246,14 @@ def validate_thermostat(config):
             CONF_MAX_HEATING_RUN_TIME,
             CONF_SUPPLEMENTAL_HEATING_ACTION,
         ],
+        CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_DEHUMIDIFY_ACTION: [
+            CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_OFF_ACTION,
+            CONF_HUMIDITY_SENSOR,
+        ],
+        CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_HUMIDIFY_ACTION: [
+            CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_OFF_ACTION,
+            CONF_HUMIDITY_SENSOR,
+        ],
     }
     for config_trigger, req_triggers in requirements.items():
         for req_trigger in req_triggers:
@@ -338,7 +351,7 @@ def validate_thermostat(config):
     # Warn about using the removed CONF_DEFAULT_MODE and advise users
     if CONF_DEFAULT_MODE in config and config[CONF_DEFAULT_MODE] is not None:
         raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"{CONF_DEFAULT_MODE} is no longer valid. Please switch to using presets and specify a {CONF_DEFAULT_PRESET}."
+            f"{CONF_DEFAULT_MODE} is no longer valid. Please switch to using presets and specify a {CONF_DEFAULT_PRESET}"
         )
 
     default_mode = config[CONF_DEFAULT_MODE]
@@ -588,9 +601,24 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
             cv.Optional(CONF_SWING_VERTICAL_ACTION): automation.validate_automation(
                 single=True
             ),
+            cv.Optional(
+                CONF_TARGET_HUMIDITY_CHANGE_ACTION
+            ): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
             cv.Optional(
                 CONF_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_ACTION
             ): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
+            cv.Exclusive(
+                CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_DEHUMIDIFY_ACTION,
+                group_of_exclusion="humidity_control",
+            ): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
+            cv.Exclusive(
+                CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_HUMIDIFY_ACTION,
+                group_of_exclusion="humidity_control",
+            ): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
+            cv.Optional(
+                CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_OFF_ACTION
+            ): automation.validate_automation(single=True),
+            cv.Optional(CONF_HUMIDITY_HYSTERESIS, default=1.0): cv.percentage,
             cv.Optional(CONF_DEFAULT_MODE, default=None): cv.valid,
             cv.Optional(CONF_DEFAULT_PRESET): cv.templatable(cv.string),
             cv.Optional(CONF_DEFAULT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_HIGH): cv.temperature,
@@ -882,12 +910,39 @@ async def to_code(config):
             config[CONF_SWING_VERTICAL_ACTION],
         )
         cg.add(var.set_supports_swing_mode_vertical(True))
+    if CONF_TARGET_HUMIDITY_CHANGE_ACTION in config:
+        await automation.build_automation(
+            var.get_humidity_change_trigger(),
+            [],
+            config[CONF_TARGET_HUMIDITY_CHANGE_ACTION],
+        )
     if CONF_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_ACTION in config:
         await automation.build_automation(
             var.get_temperature_change_trigger(),
             [],
             config[CONF_TARGET_TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_ACTION],
         )
+    if CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_DEHUMIDIFY_ACTION in config:
+        cg.add(var.set_supports_dehumidification(True))
+        await automation.build_automation(
+            var.get_humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger(),
+            [],
+            config[CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_DEHUMIDIFY_ACTION],
+        )
+    if CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_HUMIDIFY_ACTION in config:
+        cg.add(var.set_supports_humidification(True))
+        await automation.build_automation(
+            var.get_humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger(),
+            [],
+            config[CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_HUMIDIFY_ACTION],
+        )
+    if CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_OFF_ACTION in config:
+        await automation.build_automation(
+            var.get_humidity_control_off_action_trigger(),
+            [],
+            config[CONF_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_OFF_ACTION],
+        )
+    cg.add(var.set_humidity_hysteresis(config[CONF_HUMIDITY_HYSTERESIS]))
 
     if CONF_PRESET in config:
         for preset_config in config[CONF_PRESET]:

esphome/components/thermostat/thermostat_climate.cpp

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ void ThermostatClimate::setup() {
   if (this->humidity_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     this->humidity_sensor_->add_on_state_callback([this](float state) {
       this->current_humidity = state;
+      this->switch_to_humidity_control_action_(this->compute_humidity_control_action_());
       this->publish_state();
     });
     this->current_humidity = this->humidity_sensor_->state;
@@ -84,6 +85,8 @@ void ThermostatClimate::refresh() {
   this->switch_to_supplemental_action_(this->compute_supplemental_action_());
   this->switch_to_fan_mode_(this->fan_mode.value(), false);
   this->switch_to_swing_mode_(this->swing_mode, false);
+  this->switch_to_humidity_control_action_(this->compute_humidity_control_action_());
+  this->check_humidity_change_trigger_();
   this->check_temperature_change_trigger_();
   this->publish_state();
 }
@@ -129,6 +132,11 @@ bool ThermostatClimate::hysteresis_valid() {
   return true;
 }
 
+bool ThermostatClimate::humidity_hysteresis_valid() {
+  return !std::isnan(this->humidity_hysteresis_) && this->humidity_hysteresis_ >= 0.0f &&
+         this->humidity_hysteresis_ < 100.0f;
+}
+
 bool ThermostatClimate::limit_setpoints_for_heat_cool() {
   return this->mode == climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL ||
          (this->mode == climate::CLIMATE_MODE_AUTO && this->supports_heat_cool_);
@@ -189,6 +197,16 @@ void ThermostatClimate::validate_target_temperature_high() {
   }
 }
 
+void ThermostatClimate::validate_target_humidity() {
+  if (std::isnan(this->target_humidity)) {
+    this->target_humidity =
+        (this->get_traits().get_visual_max_humidity() - this->get_traits().get_visual_min_humidity()) / 2.0f;
+  } else {
+    this->target_humidity = clamp<float>(this->target_humidity, this->get_traits().get_visual_min_humidity(),
+                                         this->get_traits().get_visual_max_humidity());
+  }
+}
+
 void ThermostatClimate::control(const climate::ClimateCall &call) {
   bool target_temperature_high_changed = false;
 
@@ -235,15 +253,27 @@ void ThermostatClimate::control(const climate::ClimateCall &call) {
       this->validate_target_temperature();
     }
   }
+  if (call.get_target_humidity().has_value()) {
+    this->target_humidity = call.get_target_humidity().value();
+    this->validate_target_humidity();
+  }
   // make any changes happen
   this->refresh();
 }
 
 climate::ClimateTraits ThermostatClimate::traits() {
   auto traits = climate::ClimateTraits();
-  traits.set_supports_current_temperature(true);
+
+  traits.add_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_ACTION | climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE);
+
+  if (this->supports_two_points_)
+    traits.add_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TWO_POINT_TARGET_TEMPERATURE);
+
   if (this->humidity_sensor_ != nullptr)
-    traits.set_supports_current_humidity(true);
+    traits.add_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY);
+
+  if (this->supports_humidification_ || this->supports_dehumidification_)
+    traits.add_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_TARGET_HUMIDITY);
 
   if (this->supports_auto_)
     traits.add_supported_mode(climate::CLIMATE_MODE_AUTO);
@@ -294,9 +324,6 @@ climate::ClimateTraits ThermostatClimate::traits() {
   for (auto &it : this->custom_preset_config_) {
     traits.add_supported_custom_preset(it.first);
   }
-
-  traits.set_supports_two_point_target_temperature(this->supports_two_points_);
-  traits.set_supports_action(true);
   return traits;
 }
 
@@ -421,6 +448,28 @@ climate::ClimateAction ThermostatClimate::compute_supplemental_action_() {
   return target_action;
 }
 
+HumidificationAction ThermostatClimate::compute_humidity_control_action_() {
+  auto target_action = THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_OFF;
+  // if hysteresis value or current_humidity is not valid, we go to OFF
+  if (std::isnan(this->current_humidity) || !this->humidity_hysteresis_valid()) {
+    return THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_OFF;
+  }
+
+  // ensure set point is valid before computing the action
+  this->validate_target_humidity();
+  // everything has been validated so we can now safely compute the action
+  if (this->dehumidification_required_() && this->humidification_required_()) {
+    // this is bad and should never happen, so just stop.
+    // target_action = THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_OFF;
+  } else if (this->supports_dehumidification_ && this->dehumidification_required_()) {
+    target_action = THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_DEHUMIDIFY;
+  } else if (this->supports_humidification_ && this->humidification_required_()) {
+    target_action = THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_HUMIDIFY;
+  }
+
+  return target_action;
+}
+
 void ThermostatClimate::switch_to_action_(climate::ClimateAction action, bool publish_state) {
   // setup_complete_ helps us ensure an action is called immediately after boot
   if ((action == this->action) && this->setup_complete_) {
@@ -594,6 +643,44 @@ void ThermostatClimate::trigger_supplemental_action_() {
   }
 }
 
+void ThermostatClimate::switch_to_humidity_control_action_(HumidificationAction action) {
+  // setup_complete_ helps us ensure an action is called immediately after boot
+  if ((action == this->humidification_action_) && this->setup_complete_) {
+    // already in target mode
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Trigger<> *trig = this->humidity_control_off_action_trigger_;
+  switch (action) {
+    case THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_OFF:
+      // trig = this->humidity_control_off_action_trigger_;
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Switching to HUMIDIFICATION_OFF action");
+      break;
+    case THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_DEHUMIDIFY:
+      trig = this->humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger_;
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Switching to DEHUMIDIFY action");
+      break;
+    case THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_HUMIDIFY:
+      trig = this->humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger_;
+      ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Switching to HUMIDIFY action");
+      break;
+    case THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_NONE:
+    default:
+      action = THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_OFF;
+      // trig = this->humidity_control_off_action_trigger_;
+  }
+
+  if (this->prev_humidity_control_trigger_ != nullptr) {
+    this->prev_humidity_control_trigger_->stop_action();
+    this->prev_humidity_control_trigger_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  this->humidification_action_ = action;
+  this->prev_humidity_control_trigger_ = trig;
+  if (trig != nullptr) {
+    trig->trigger();
+  }
+}
+
 void ThermostatClimate::switch_to_fan_mode_(climate::ClimateFanMode fan_mode, bool publish_state) {
   // setup_complete_ helps us ensure an action is called immediately after boot
   if ((fan_mode == this->prev_fan_mode_) && this->setup_complete_) {
@@ -885,6 +972,20 @@ void ThermostatClimate::idle_on_timer_callback_() {
   this->switch_to_supplemental_action_(this->compute_supplemental_action_());
 }
 
+void ThermostatClimate::check_humidity_change_trigger_() {
+  if ((this->prev_target_humidity_ == this->target_humidity) && this->setup_complete_) {
+    return;  // nothing changed, no reason to trigger
+  } else {
+    // save the new temperature so we can check it again later; the trigger will fire below
+    this->prev_target_humidity_ = this->target_humidity;
+  }
+  // trigger the action
+  Trigger<> *trig = this->humidity_change_trigger_;
+  if (trig != nullptr) {
+    trig->trigger();
+  }
+}
+
 void ThermostatClimate::check_temperature_change_trigger_() {
   if (this->supports_two_points_) {
     // setup_complete_ helps us ensure an action is called immediately after boot
@@ -994,6 +1095,32 @@ bool ThermostatClimate::supplemental_heating_required_() {
           (this->supplemental_action_ == climate::CLIMATE_ACTION_HEATING));
 }
 
+bool ThermostatClimate::dehumidification_required_() {
+  if (this->current_humidity > this->target_humidity + this->humidity_hysteresis_) {
+    // if the current humidity exceeds the target + hysteresis, dehumidification is required
+    return true;
+  } else if (this->current_humidity < this->target_humidity - this->humidity_hysteresis_) {
+    // if the current humidity is less than the target - hysteresis, dehumidification should stop
+    return false;
+  }
+  // if we get here, the current humidity is between target + hysteresis and target - hysteresis,
+  //  so the action should not change
+  return this->humidification_action_ == THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_DEHUMIDIFY;
+}
+
+bool ThermostatClimate::humidification_required_() {
+  if (this->current_humidity < this->target_humidity - this->humidity_hysteresis_) {
+    // if the current humidity is below the target - hysteresis, humidification is required
+    return true;
+  } else if (this->current_humidity > this->target_humidity + this->humidity_hysteresis_) {
+    // if the current humidity is above the target + hysteresis, humidification should stop
+    return false;
+  }
+  // if we get here, the current humidity is between target - hysteresis and target + hysteresis,
+  //  so the action should not change
+  return this->humidification_action_ == THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_HUMIDIFY;
+}
+
 void ThermostatClimate::dump_preset_config_(const char *preset_name, const ThermostatClimateTargetTempConfig &config) {
   if (this->supports_heat_) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "      Default Target Temperature Low: %.1f°C",
@@ -1150,8 +1277,12 @@ ThermostatClimate::ThermostatClimate()
       swing_mode_off_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
       swing_mode_horizontal_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
       swing_mode_vertical_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
+      humidity_change_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
       temperature_change_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
-      preset_change_trigger_(new Trigger<>()) {}
+      preset_change_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
+      humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
+      humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger_(new Trigger<>()),
+      humidity_control_off_action_trigger_(new Trigger<>()) {}
 
 void ThermostatClimate::set_default_preset(const std::string &custom_preset) {
   this->default_custom_preset_ = custom_preset;
@@ -1215,6 +1346,9 @@ void ThermostatClimate::set_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { this->sensor_ = sen
 void ThermostatClimate::set_humidity_sensor(sensor::Sensor *humidity_sensor) {
   this->humidity_sensor_ = humidity_sensor;
 }
+void ThermostatClimate::set_humidity_hysteresis(float humidity_hysteresis) {
+  this->humidity_hysteresis_ = std::clamp<float>(humidity_hysteresis, 0.0f, 100.0f);
+}
 void ThermostatClimate::set_use_startup_delay(bool use_startup_delay) { this->use_startup_delay_ = use_startup_delay; }
 void ThermostatClimate::set_supports_heat_cool(bool supports_heat_cool) {
   this->supports_heat_cool_ = supports_heat_cool;
@@ -1282,6 +1416,18 @@ void ThermostatClimate::set_supports_swing_mode_vertical(bool supports_swing_mod
 void ThermostatClimate::set_supports_two_points(bool supports_two_points) {
   this->supports_two_points_ = supports_two_points;
 }
+void ThermostatClimate::set_supports_dehumidification(bool supports_dehumidification) {
+  this->supports_dehumidification_ = supports_dehumidification;
+  if (supports_dehumidification) {
+    this->supports_humidification_ = false;
+  }
+}
+void ThermostatClimate::set_supports_humidification(bool supports_humidification) {
+  this->supports_humidification_ = supports_humidification;
+  if (supports_humidification) {
+    this->supports_dehumidification_ = false;
+  }
+}
 
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_cool_action_trigger() const { return this->cool_action_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_supplemental_cool_action_trigger() const {
@@ -1315,8 +1461,18 @@ Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_swing_mode_both_trigger() const { return this-
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_swing_mode_off_trigger() const { return this->swing_mode_off_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_swing_mode_horizontal_trigger() const { return this->swing_mode_horizontal_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_swing_mode_vertical_trigger() const { return this->swing_mode_vertical_trigger_; }
+Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_humidity_change_trigger() const { return this->humidity_change_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_temperature_change_trigger() const { return this->temperature_change_trigger_; }
 Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_preset_change_trigger() const { return this->preset_change_trigger_; }
+Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger() const {
+  return this->humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger_;
+}
+Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger() const {
+  return this->humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger_;
+}
+Trigger<> *ThermostatClimate::get_humidity_control_off_action_trigger() const {
+  return this->humidity_control_off_action_trigger_;
+}
 
 void ThermostatClimate::dump_config() {
   LOG_CLIMATE("", "Thermostat", this);
@@ -1420,7 +1576,12 @@ void ThermostatClimate::dump_config() {
                 "    OFF: %s\n"
                 "    HORIZONTAL: %s\n"
                 "    VERTICAL: %s\n"
-                "  Supports TWO SET POINTS: %s",
+                "  Supports TWO SET POINTS: %s\n"
+                "  Supported Humidity Parameters:\n"
+                "    CURRENT: %s\n"
+                "    TARGET: %s\n"
+                "    DEHUMIDIFICATION: %s\n"
+                "    HUMIDIFICATION: %s",
                 YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_on_), YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_off_),
                 YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_auto_), YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_low_),
                 YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_medium_), YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_high_),
@@ -1428,7 +1589,10 @@ void ThermostatClimate::dump_config() {
                 YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_diffuse_), YESNO(this->supports_fan_mode_quiet_),
                 YESNO(this->supports_swing_mode_both_), YESNO(this->supports_swing_mode_off_),
                 YESNO(this->supports_swing_mode_horizontal_), YESNO(this->supports_swing_mode_vertical_),
-                YESNO(this->supports_two_points_));
+                YESNO(this->supports_two_points_),
+                YESNO(this->get_traits().has_feature_flags(climate::CLIMATE_SUPPORTS_CURRENT_HUMIDITY)),
+                YESNO(this->supports_dehumidification_ || this->supports_humidification_),
+                YESNO(this->supports_dehumidification_), YESNO(this->supports_humidification_));
 
   if (!this->preset_config_.empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Supported PRESETS:");

esphome/components/thermostat/thermostat_climate.h

@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace thermostat {
 
+enum HumidificationAction : uint8_t {
+  THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_OFF = 0,
+  THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_DEHUMIDIFY = 1,
+  THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_HUMIDIFY = 2,
+  THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_NONE,
+};
+
 enum ThermostatClimateTimerIndex : uint8_t {
   THERMOSTAT_TIMER_COOLING_MAX_RUN_TIME = 0,
   THERMOSTAT_TIMER_COOLING_OFF = 1,
@@ -90,6 +97,7 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   void set_idle_minimum_time_in_sec(uint32_t time);
   void set_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor);
   void set_humidity_sensor(sensor::Sensor *humidity_sensor);
+  void set_humidity_hysteresis(float humidity_hysteresis);
   void set_use_startup_delay(bool use_startup_delay);
   void set_supports_auto(bool supports_auto);
   void set_supports_heat_cool(bool supports_heat_cool);
@@ -115,6 +123,8 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   void set_supports_swing_mode_horizontal(bool supports_swing_mode_horizontal);
   void set_supports_swing_mode_off(bool supports_swing_mode_off);
   void set_supports_swing_mode_vertical(bool supports_swing_mode_vertical);
+  void set_supports_dehumidification(bool supports_dehumidification);
+  void set_supports_humidification(bool supports_humidification);
   void set_supports_two_points(bool supports_two_points);
 
   void set_preset_config(climate::ClimatePreset preset, const ThermostatClimateTargetTempConfig &config);
@@ -148,8 +158,12 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   Trigger<> *get_swing_mode_horizontal_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_swing_mode_off_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_swing_mode_vertical_trigger() const;
+  Trigger<> *get_humidity_change_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_temperature_change_trigger() const;
   Trigger<> *get_preset_change_trigger() const;
+  Trigger<> *get_humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger() const;
+  Trigger<> *get_humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger() const;
+  Trigger<> *get_humidity_control_off_action_trigger() const;
   /// Get current hysteresis values
   float cool_deadband();
   float cool_overrun();
@@ -166,11 +180,13 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   climate::ClimateFanMode locked_fan_mode();
   /// Set point and hysteresis validation
   bool hysteresis_valid();               // returns true if valid
+  bool humidity_hysteresis_valid();      // returns true if valid
   bool limit_setpoints_for_heat_cool();  // returns true if set points should be further limited within visual range
   void validate_target_temperature();
   void validate_target_temperatures(bool pin_target_temperature_high);
   void validate_target_temperature_low();
   void validate_target_temperature_high();
+  void validate_target_humidity();
 
  protected:
   /// Override control to change settings of the climate device.
@@ -192,11 +208,13 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   /// Re-compute the required action of this climate controller.
   climate::ClimateAction compute_action_(bool ignore_timers = false);
   climate::ClimateAction compute_supplemental_action_();
+  HumidificationAction compute_humidity_control_action_();
 
   /// Switch the climate device to the given climate action.
   void switch_to_action_(climate::ClimateAction action, bool publish_state = true);
   void switch_to_supplemental_action_(climate::ClimateAction action);
   void trigger_supplemental_action_();
+  void switch_to_humidity_control_action_(HumidificationAction action);
 
   /// Switch the climate device to the given climate fan mode.
   void switch_to_fan_mode_(climate::ClimateFanMode fan_mode, bool publish_state = true);
@@ -207,6 +225,9 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   /// Switch the climate device to the given climate swing mode.
   void switch_to_swing_mode_(climate::ClimateSwingMode swing_mode, bool publish_state = true);
 
+  /// Check if the humidity change trigger should be called.
+  void check_humidity_change_trigger_();
+
   /// Check if the temperature change trigger should be called.
   void check_temperature_change_trigger_();
 
@@ -243,6 +264,8 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   bool heating_required_();
   bool supplemental_cooling_required_();
   bool supplemental_heating_required_();
+  bool dehumidification_required_();
+  bool humidification_required_();
 
   void dump_preset_config_(const char *preset_name, const ThermostatClimateTargetTempConfig &config);
 
@@ -259,6 +282,9 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   /// The current supplemental action
   climate::ClimateAction supplemental_action_{climate::CLIMATE_ACTION_OFF};
 
+  /// The current humidification action
+  HumidificationAction humidification_action_{THERMOSTAT_HUMIDITY_CONTROL_ACTION_NONE};
+
   /// Default standard preset to use on start up
   climate::ClimatePreset default_preset_{};
 
@@ -321,6 +347,12 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   /// A false value means that the controller has no such support.
   bool supports_two_points_{false};
 
+  /// Whether the controller supports dehumidification and/or humidification
+  ///
+  /// A false value means that the controller has no such support.
+  bool supports_dehumidification_{false};
+  bool supports_humidification_{false};
+
   /// Flags indicating if maximum allowable run time was exceeded
   bool cooling_max_runtime_exceeded_{false};
   bool heating_max_runtime_exceeded_{false};
@@ -331,9 +363,10 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   /// setup_complete_ blocks modifying/resetting the temps immediately after boot
   bool setup_complete_{false};
 
-  /// Store previously-known temperatures
+  /// Store previously-known humidity and temperatures
   ///
-  /// These are used to determine when the temperature change trigger/action needs to be called
+  /// These are used to determine when a temperature/humidity has changed
+  float prev_target_humidity_{NAN};
   float prev_target_temperature_{NAN};
   float prev_target_temperature_low_{NAN};
   float prev_target_temperature_high_{NAN};
@@ -347,6 +380,9 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   float heating_deadband_{0};
   float heating_overrun_{0};
 
+  /// Hysteresis values used for computing humidification action
+  float humidity_hysteresis_{0};
+
   /// Maximum allowable temperature deltas before engaging supplemental cooling/heating actions
   float supplemental_cool_delta_{0};
   float supplemental_heat_delta_{0};
@@ -448,12 +484,24 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   /// The trigger to call when the controller should switch the swing mode to "vertical".
   Trigger<> *swing_mode_vertical_trigger_{nullptr};
 
+  /// The trigger to call when the target humidity changes.
+  Trigger<> *humidity_change_trigger_{nullptr};
+
   /// The trigger to call when the target temperature(s) change(es).
   Trigger<> *temperature_change_trigger_{nullptr};
 
   /// The trigger to call when the preset mode changes
   Trigger<> *preset_change_trigger_{nullptr};
 
+  /// The trigger to call when dehumidification is required
+  Trigger<> *humidity_control_dehumidify_action_trigger_{nullptr};
+
+  /// The trigger to call when humidification is required
+  Trigger<> *humidity_control_humidify_action_trigger_{nullptr};
+
+  /// The trigger to call when (de)humidification should stop
+  Trigger<> *humidity_control_off_action_trigger_{nullptr};
+
   /// A reference to the trigger that was previously active.
   ///
   /// This is so that the previous trigger can be stopped before enabling a new one
@@ -462,6 +510,7 @@ class ThermostatClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
   Trigger<> *prev_fan_mode_trigger_{nullptr};
   Trigger<> *prev_mode_trigger_{nullptr};
   Trigger<> *prev_swing_mode_trigger_{nullptr};
+  Trigger<> *prev_humidity_control_trigger_{nullptr};
 
   /// Default custom preset to use on start up
   std::string default_custom_preset_{};

esphome/components/toshiba/climate.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ MODELS = {
     "GENERIC": Model.MODEL_GENERIC,
     "RAC-PT1411HWRU-C": Model.MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_C,
     "RAC-PT1411HWRU-F": Model.MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_F,
+    "RAS-2819T": Model.MODEL_RAS_2819T,
 }
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = climate_ir.climate_ir_with_receiver_schema(ToshibaClimate).extend(

esphome/components/toshiba/toshiba.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "toshiba.h"
+#include "esphome/components/remote_base/toshiba_ac_protocol.h"
 
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -97,6 +98,282 @@ const std::vector<uint8_t> RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMPERATURE_F{0x10, 0x30, 0x00, 0x20,
                                                         0x22, 0x06, 0x26, 0x07, 0x05, 0x25, 0x04, 0x24, 0x0C,
                                                         0x2C, 0x0D, 0x2D, 0x09, 0x08, 0x28, 0x0A, 0x2A, 0x0B};
 
+// RAS-2819T protocol constants
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_HEADER1 = 0xC23D;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_HEADER2 = 0xD5;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 6;
+
+// RAS-2819T fan speed codes for rc_code_1 (bytes 2-3)
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_FAN_AUTO = 0xBF40;
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_FAN_QUIET = 0xFF00;
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_FAN_LOW = 0x9F60;
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_FAN_MEDIUM = 0x5FA0;
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_FAN_HIGH = 0x3FC0;
+
+// RAS-2819T fan speed codes for rc_code_2 (byte 1)
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN2_AUTO = 0x66;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN2_QUIET = 0x01;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN2_LOW = 0x28;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN2_MEDIUM = 0x3C;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN2_HIGH = 0x50;
+
+// RAS-2819T second packet suffix bytes for rc_code_2 (bytes 3-5)
+// These are fixed patterns, not actual checksums
+struct Ras2819tPacketSuffix {
+  uint8_t byte3;
+  uint8_t byte4;
+  uint8_t byte5;
+};
+const Ras2819tPacketSuffix RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_AUTO{0x00, 0x02, 0x3D};
+const Ras2819tPacketSuffix RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_QUIET{0x00, 0x02, 0xD8};
+const Ras2819tPacketSuffix RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_LOW{0x00, 0x02, 0xFF};
+const Ras2819tPacketSuffix RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_MEDIUM{0x00, 0x02, 0x13};
+const Ras2819tPacketSuffix RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_HIGH{0x00, 0x02, 0x27};
+
+// RAS-2819T swing toggle command
+const uint64_t RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE = 0xC23D6B94E01F;
+
+// RAS-2819T single-packet commands
+const uint64_t RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND = 0xC23D7B84E01F;
+
+// RAS-2819T known valid command patterns for validation
+const std::array<uint64_t, 2> RAS_2819T_VALID_SINGLE_COMMANDS = {
+    RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND,  // Power off
+    RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE,       // Swing toggle
+};
+
+const uint16_t RAS_2819T_VALID_HEADER1 = 0xC23D;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_VALID_HEADER2 = 0xD5;
+
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_DRY_BYTE2 = 0x1F;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_DRY_BYTE3 = 0xE0;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_DRY_TEMP_OFFSET = 0x24;
+
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_AUTO_BYTE2 = 0x1F;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_AUTO_BYTE3 = 0xE0;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_AUTO_TEMP_OFFSET = 0x08;
+
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN_ONLY_TEMP = 0xE4;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_FAN_ONLY_TEMP_INV = 0x1B;
+
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_HEAT_TEMP_OFFSET = 0x0C;
+
+// RAS-2819T second packet fixed values
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_AUTO_DRY_FAN_BYTE = 0x65;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_AUTO_DRY_SUFFIX = 0x3A;
+const uint8_t RAS_2819T_HEAT_SUFFIX = 0x3B;
+
+// RAS-2819T temperature codes for 18-30°C
+static const uint8_t RAS_2819T_TEMP_CODES[] = {
+    0x10,  // 18°C
+    0x30,  // 19°C
+    0x20,  // 20°C
+    0x60,  // 21°C
+    0x70,  // 22°C
+    0x50,  // 23°C
+    0x40,  // 24°C
+    0xC0,  // 25°C
+    0xD0,  // 26°C
+    0x90,  // 27°C
+    0x80,  // 28°C
+    0xA0,  // 29°C
+    0xB0   // 30°C
+};
+
+// Helper functions for RAS-2819T protocol
+//
+// ===== RAS-2819T PROTOCOL DOCUMENTATION =====
+//
+// The RAS-2819T uses a two-packet IR protocol with some exceptions for simple commands.
+//
+// PACKET STRUCTURE:
+// All packets are 6 bytes (48 bits) transmitted with standard Toshiba timing.
+//
+// TWO-PACKET COMMANDS (Mode/Temperature/Fan changes):
+//
+// First Packet (rc_code_1):  [C2 3D] [FAN_HI FAN_LO] [TEMP] [~TEMP]
+//   Byte 0-1: Header (always 0xC23D)
+//   Byte 2-3: Fan speed encoding (varies by mode, see fan tables below)
+//   Byte 4:   Temperature + mode encoding
+//   Byte 5:   Bitwise complement of temperature byte
+//
+// Second Packet (rc_code_2): [D5] [FAN2] [00] [SUF1] [SUF2] [SUF3]
+//   Byte 0:   Header (always 0xD5)
+//   Byte 1:   Fan speed secondary encoding
+//   Byte 2:   Always 0x00
+//   Byte 3-5: Fixed suffix pattern (depends on fan speed and mode)
+//
+// TEMPERATURE ENCODING:
+// Base temp codes: 18°C=0x10, 19°C=0x30, 20°C=0x20, 21°C=0x60, 22°C=0x70,
+//                  23°C=0x50, 24°C=0x40, 25°C=0xC0, 26°C=0xD0, 27°C=0x90,
+//                  28°C=0x80, 29°C=0xA0, 30°C=0xB0
+// Mode offsets added to base temp:
+//   COOL: No offset
+//   HEAT: +0x0C (e.g., 24°C heat = 0x40 | 0x0C = 0x4C)
+//   AUTO: +0x08 (e.g., 24°C auto = 0x40 | 0x08 = 0x48)
+//   DRY:  +0x24 (e.g., 24°C dry = 0x40 | 0x24 = 0x64)
+//
+// FAN SPEED ENCODING (First packet bytes 2-3):
+//   AUTO: 0xBF40, QUIET: 0xFF00, LOW: 0x9F60, MEDIUM: 0x5FA0, HIGH: 0x3FC0
+//   Special cases: AUTO/DRY modes use 0x1FE0 instead
+//
+// SINGLE-PACKET COMMANDS:
+// Power Off: 0xC23D7B84E01F (6 bytes, no second packet)
+// Swing Toggle: 0xC23D6B94E01F (6 bytes, no second packet)
+//
+// MODE DETECTION (from first packet):
+// - Check bytes 2-3: if 0x7B84 → OFF mode
+// - Check bytes 2-3: if 0x1FE0 → AUTO/DRY/low-temp-COOL (distinguish by temp code)
+// - Otherwise: COOL/HEAT/FAN_ONLY (distinguish by temp code and byte 5)
+
+/**
+ * Get fan speed encoding for RAS-2819T first packet (rc_code_1, bytes 2-3)
+ */
+static uint16_t get_ras_2819t_fan_code(climate::ClimateFanMode fan_mode) {
+  switch (fan_mode) {
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_QUIET:
+      return RAS_2819T_FAN_QUIET;
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_LOW:
+      return RAS_2819T_FAN_LOW;
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_MEDIUM:
+      return RAS_2819T_FAN_MEDIUM;
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH:
+      return RAS_2819T_FAN_HIGH;
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_AUTO:
+    default:
+      return RAS_2819T_FAN_AUTO;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get fan speed encoding for RAS-2819T rc_code_2 packet (second packet)
+ */
+struct Ras2819tSecondPacketCodes {
+  uint8_t fan_byte;
+  Ras2819tPacketSuffix suffix;
+};
+
+static Ras2819tSecondPacketCodes get_ras_2819t_second_packet_codes(climate::ClimateFanMode fan_mode) {
+  switch (fan_mode) {
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_QUIET:
+      return {RAS_2819T_FAN2_QUIET, RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_QUIET};
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_LOW:
+      return {RAS_2819T_FAN2_LOW, RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_LOW};
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_MEDIUM:
+      return {RAS_2819T_FAN2_MEDIUM, RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_MEDIUM};
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH:
+      return {RAS_2819T_FAN2_HIGH, RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_HIGH};
+    case climate::CLIMATE_FAN_AUTO:
+    default:
+      return {RAS_2819T_FAN2_AUTO, RAS_2819T_SUFFIX_AUTO};
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get temperature code for RAS-2819T protocol
+ */
+static uint8_t get_ras_2819t_temp_code(float temperature) {
+  int temp_index = static_cast<int>(temperature) - 18;
+  if (temp_index < 0 || temp_index >= static_cast<int>(sizeof(RAS_2819T_TEMP_CODES))) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Temperature %.1f°C out of range [18-30°C], defaulting to 24°C", temperature);
+    return 0x40;  // Default to 24°C
+  }
+
+  return RAS_2819T_TEMP_CODES[temp_index];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode temperature from RAS-2819T temp code
+ */
+static float decode_ras_2819t_temperature(uint8_t temp_code) {
+  uint8_t base_temp_code = temp_code & 0xF0;
+
+  // Find the code in the temperature array
+  for (size_t temp_index = 0; temp_index < sizeof(RAS_2819T_TEMP_CODES); temp_index++) {
+    if (RAS_2819T_TEMP_CODES[temp_index] == base_temp_code) {
+      return static_cast<float>(temp_index + 18);  // 18°C is the minimum
+    }
+  }
+
+  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unknown temp code: 0x%02X, defaulting to 24°C", base_temp_code);
+  return 24.0f;  // Default to 24°C
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode fan speed from RAS-2819T IR codes
+ */
+static climate::ClimateFanMode decode_ras_2819t_fan_mode(uint16_t fan_code) {
+  switch (fan_code) {
+    case RAS_2819T_FAN_QUIET:
+      return climate::CLIMATE_FAN_QUIET;
+    case RAS_2819T_FAN_LOW:
+      return climate::CLIMATE_FAN_LOW;
+    case RAS_2819T_FAN_MEDIUM:
+      return climate::CLIMATE_FAN_MEDIUM;
+    case RAS_2819T_FAN_HIGH:
+      return climate::CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH;
+    case RAS_2819T_FAN_AUTO:
+    default:
+      return climate::CLIMATE_FAN_AUTO;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate RAS-2819T IR command structure and content
+ */
+static bool is_valid_ras_2819t_command(uint64_t rc_code_1, uint64_t rc_code_2 = 0) {
+  // Check header of first packet
+  uint16_t header1 = (rc_code_1 >> 32) & 0xFFFF;
+  if (header1 != RAS_2819T_VALID_HEADER1) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Single packet commands
+  if (rc_code_2 == 0) {
+    for (uint64_t valid_cmd : RAS_2819T_VALID_SINGLE_COMMANDS) {
+      if (rc_code_1 == valid_cmd) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    // Additional validation for unknown single packets
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Two-packet commands - validate second packet header
+  uint8_t header2 = (rc_code_2 >> 40) & 0xFF;
+  if (header2 != RAS_2819T_VALID_HEADER2) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Validate temperature complement in first packet (byte 4 should be ~byte 5)
+  uint8_t temp_byte = (rc_code_1 >> 8) & 0xFF;
+  uint8_t temp_complement = rc_code_1 & 0xFF;
+  if (temp_byte != static_cast<uint8_t>(~temp_complement)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Validate fan speed combinations make sense
+  uint16_t fan_code = (rc_code_1 >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
+  uint8_t fan2_byte = (rc_code_2 >> 32) & 0xFF;
+
+  // Check if fan codes are from known valid patterns
+  bool valid_fan_combo = false;
+  if (fan_code == RAS_2819T_FAN_AUTO && fan2_byte == RAS_2819T_FAN2_AUTO)
+    valid_fan_combo = true;
+  if (fan_code == RAS_2819T_FAN_QUIET && fan2_byte == RAS_2819T_FAN2_QUIET)
+    valid_fan_combo = true;
+  if (fan_code == RAS_2819T_FAN_LOW && fan2_byte == RAS_2819T_FAN2_LOW)
+    valid_fan_combo = true;
+  if (fan_code == RAS_2819T_FAN_MEDIUM && fan2_byte == RAS_2819T_FAN2_MEDIUM)
+    valid_fan_combo = true;
+  if (fan_code == RAS_2819T_FAN_HIGH && fan2_byte == RAS_2819T_FAN2_HIGH)
+    valid_fan_combo = true;
+  if (fan_code == 0x1FE0 && fan2_byte == RAS_2819T_AUTO_DRY_FAN_BYTE)
+    valid_fan_combo = true;  // AUTO/DRY
+
+  return valid_fan_combo;
+}
+
 void ToshibaClimate::setup() {
   if (this->sensor_) {
     this->sensor_->add_on_state_callback([this](float state) {
@@ -126,16 +403,43 @@ void ToshibaClimate::setup() {
   this->minimum_temperature_ = this->temperature_min_();
   this->maximum_temperature_ = this->temperature_max_();
   this->swing_modes_ = this->toshiba_swing_modes_();
+
+  // Ensure swing mode is always initialized to a valid value
+  if (this->swing_modes_.empty() || this->swing_modes_.find(this->swing_mode) == this->swing_modes_.end()) {
+    // No swing support for this model or current swing mode not supported, reset to OFF
+    this->swing_mode = climate::CLIMATE_SWING_OFF;
+  }
+
+  // Ensure mode is valid - ESPHome should only use standard climate modes
+  if (this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF && this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT &&
+      this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_COOL && this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL &&
+      this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_DRY && this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid mode detected during setup, resetting to OFF");
+    this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF;
+  }
+
+  // Ensure fan mode is valid
+  if (!this->fan_mode.has_value()) {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Fan mode not set during setup, defaulting to AUTO");
+    this->fan_mode = climate::CLIMATE_FAN_AUTO;
+  }
+
   // Never send nan to HA
   if (std::isnan(this->target_temperature))
     this->target_temperature = 24;
+  // Log final state for debugging HA errors
+  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Setup complete - Mode: %d, Fan: %s, Swing: %d, Temp: %.1f", static_cast<int>(this->mode),
+           this->fan_mode.has_value() ? std::to_string(static_cast<int>(this->fan_mode.value())).c_str() : "NONE",
+           static_cast<int>(this->swing_mode), this->target_temperature);
 }
 
 void ToshibaClimate::transmit_state() {
   if (this->model_ == MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_C || this->model_ == MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_F) {
-    transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_();
+    this->transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_();
+  } else if (this->model_ == MODEL_RAS_2819T) {
+    this->transmit_ras_2819t_();
   } else {
-    transmit_generic_();
+    this->transmit_generic_();
   }
 }
 
@@ -230,7 +534,7 @@ void ToshibaClimate::transmit_generic_() {
   auto transmit = this->transmitter_->transmit();
   auto *data = transmit.get_data();
 
-  encode_(data, message, message_length, 1);
+  this->encode_(data, message, message_length, 1);
 
   transmit.perform();
 }
@@ -348,15 +652,12 @@ void ToshibaClimate::transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_() {
       message[11] += message[index];
     }
   }
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "*** Generated codes: 0x%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X  0x%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X", message[0], message[1],
-           message[2], message[3], message[4], message[5], message[6], message[7], message[8], message[9], message[10],
-           message[11]);
 
   // load first block of IR code and repeat it once
-  encode_(data, &message[0], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
+  this->encode_(data, &message[0], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
   // load second block of IR code, if present
   if (message[6] != 0) {
-    encode_(data, &message[6], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 0);
+    this->encode_(data, &message[6], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 0);
   }
 
   transmit.perform();
@@ -366,19 +667,19 @@ void ToshibaClimate::transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_() {
   data->space(TOSHIBA_PACKET_SPACE);
   switch (this->swing_mode) {
     case climate::CLIMATE_SWING_VERTICAL:
-      encode_(data, &RAC_PT1411HWRU_SWING_VERTICAL[0], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
+      this->encode_(data, &RAC_PT1411HWRU_SWING_VERTICAL[0], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
       break;
 
     case climate::CLIMATE_SWING_OFF:
     default:
-      encode_(data, &RAC_PT1411HWRU_SWING_OFF[0], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
+      this->encode_(data, &RAC_PT1411HWRU_SWING_OFF[0], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
   }
 
   data->space(TOSHIBA_PACKET_SPACE);
   transmit.perform();
 
   if (this->sensor_) {
-    transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_temp_(true, false);
+    this->transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_temp_(true, false);
   }
 }
 
@@ -430,15 +731,217 @@ void ToshibaClimate::transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_temp_(const bool cs_state, const bo
     // Byte 5: Footer lower/bitwise complement of byte 4
     message[5] = ~message[4];
 
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "*** Generated code: 0x%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X%.2X", message[0], message[1], message[2], message[3],
-             message[4], message[5]);
     // load IR code and repeat it once
-    encode_(data, message, RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
+    this->encode_(data, message, RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
 
     transmit.perform();
   }
 }
 
+void ToshibaClimate::transmit_ras_2819t_() {
+  // Handle swing mode transmission for RAS-2819T
+  // Note: RAS-2819T uses a toggle command, so we need to track state changes
+
+  // Check if ONLY swing mode changed (and no other climate parameters)
+  bool swing_changed = (this->swing_mode != this->last_swing_mode_);
+  bool mode_changed = (this->mode != this->last_mode_);
+  bool fan_changed = (this->fan_mode != this->last_fan_mode_);
+  bool temp_changed = (abs(this->target_temperature - this->last_target_temperature_) > 0.1f);
+
+  bool only_swing_changed = swing_changed && !mode_changed && !fan_changed && !temp_changed;
+
+  if (only_swing_changed) {
+    // Send ONLY swing toggle command (like the physical remote does)
+    auto swing_transmit = this->transmitter_->transmit();
+    auto *swing_data = swing_transmit.get_data();
+
+    // Convert toggle command to bytes for transmission
+    uint8_t swing_message[RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH];
+    swing_message[0] = (RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE >> 40) & 0xFF;
+    swing_message[1] = (RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE >> 32) & 0xFF;
+    swing_message[2] = (RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE >> 24) & 0xFF;
+    swing_message[3] = (RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE >> 16) & 0xFF;
+    swing_message[4] = (RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE >> 8) & 0xFF;
+    swing_message[5] = RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE & 0xFF;
+
+    // Use single packet transmission WITH repeat (like regular commands)
+    this->encode_(swing_data, swing_message, RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
+    swing_transmit.perform();
+
+    // Update all state tracking
+    this->last_swing_mode_ = this->swing_mode;
+    this->last_mode_ = this->mode;
+    this->last_fan_mode_ = this->fan_mode;
+    this->last_target_temperature_ = this->target_temperature;
+
+    // Immediately publish the state change to Home Assistant
+    this->publish_state();
+
+    return;  // Exit early - don't send climate command
+  }
+
+  // If we get here, send the regular climate command (temperature/mode/fan)
+  uint8_t message1[RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH] = {0};
+  uint8_t message2[RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH] = {0};
+  float temperature =
+      clamp<float>(this->target_temperature, TOSHIBA_RAS_2819T_TEMP_C_MIN, TOSHIBA_RAS_2819T_TEMP_C_MAX);
+
+  // Build first packet (RAS_2819T_HEADER1 + 4 bytes)
+  message1[0] = (RAS_2819T_HEADER1 >> 8) & 0xFF;
+  message1[1] = RAS_2819T_HEADER1 & 0xFF;
+
+  // Handle OFF mode
+  if (this->mode == climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF) {
+    // Extract bytes from power off command constant
+    message1[2] = (RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND >> 24) & 0xFF;
+    message1[3] = (RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND >> 16) & 0xFF;
+    message1[4] = (RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND >> 8) & 0xFF;
+    message1[5] = RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND & 0xFF;
+    // No second packet for OFF
+  } else {
+    // Get temperature and fan encoding
+    uint8_t temp_code = get_ras_2819t_temp_code(temperature);
+
+    // Get fan speed encoding for rc_code_1
+    climate::ClimateFanMode effective_fan_mode = this->fan_mode.value();
+
+    // Dry mode only supports AUTO fan speed
+    if (this->mode == climate::CLIMATE_MODE_DRY) {
+      effective_fan_mode = climate::CLIMATE_FAN_AUTO;
+      if (this->fan_mode.value() != climate::CLIMATE_FAN_AUTO) {
+        ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Dry mode only supports AUTO fan speed, forcing AUTO");
+      }
+    }
+
+    uint16_t fan_code = get_ras_2819t_fan_code(effective_fan_mode);
+
+    // Mode and temperature encoding
+    switch (this->mode) {
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_COOL:
+        // All cooling temperatures support fan speed control
+        message1[2] = (fan_code >> 8) & 0xFF;
+        message1[3] = fan_code & 0xFF;
+        message1[4] = temp_code;
+        message1[5] = ~temp_code;
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT:
+        // Heating supports fan speed control
+        message1[2] = (fan_code >> 8) & 0xFF;
+        message1[3] = fan_code & 0xFF;
+        // Heat mode adds offset to temperature code
+        message1[4] = temp_code | RAS_2819T_HEAT_TEMP_OFFSET;
+        message1[5] = ~(temp_code | RAS_2819T_HEAT_TEMP_OFFSET);
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL:
+        // Auto mode uses fixed encoding
+        message1[2] = RAS_2819T_AUTO_BYTE2;
+        message1[3] = RAS_2819T_AUTO_BYTE3;
+        message1[4] = temp_code | RAS_2819T_AUTO_TEMP_OFFSET;
+        message1[5] = ~(temp_code | RAS_2819T_AUTO_TEMP_OFFSET);
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_DRY:
+        // Dry mode uses fixed encoding and forces AUTO fan
+        message1[2] = RAS_2819T_DRY_BYTE2;
+        message1[3] = RAS_2819T_DRY_BYTE3;
+        message1[4] = temp_code | RAS_2819T_DRY_TEMP_OFFSET;
+        message1[5] = ~message1[4];
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY:
+        // Fan only mode supports fan speed control
+        message1[2] = (fan_code >> 8) & 0xFF;
+        message1[3] = fan_code & 0xFF;
+        message1[4] = RAS_2819T_FAN_ONLY_TEMP;
+        message1[5] = RAS_2819T_FAN_ONLY_TEMP_INV;
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        // Default case supports fan speed control
+        message1[2] = (fan_code >> 8) & 0xFF;
+        message1[3] = fan_code & 0xFF;
+        message1[4] = temp_code;
+        message1[5] = ~temp_code;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    // Build second packet (RAS_2819T_HEADER2 + 4 bytes)
+    message2[0] = RAS_2819T_HEADER2;
+
+    // Get fan speed encoding for rc_code_2
+    Ras2819tSecondPacketCodes second_packet_codes = get_ras_2819t_second_packet_codes(effective_fan_mode);
+
+    // Determine header byte 2 and fan encoding based on mode
+    switch (this->mode) {
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_COOL:
+        message2[1] = second_packet_codes.fan_byte;
+        message2[2] = 0x00;
+        message2[3] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte3;
+        message2[4] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte4;
+        message2[5] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte5;
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT:
+        message2[1] = second_packet_codes.fan_byte;
+        message2[2] = 0x00;
+        message2[3] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte3;
+        message2[4] = 0x00;
+        message2[5] = RAS_2819T_HEAT_SUFFIX;
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL:
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_DRY:
+        // Auto/Dry modes use fixed values regardless of fan setting
+        message2[1] = RAS_2819T_AUTO_DRY_FAN_BYTE;
+        message2[2] = 0x00;
+        message2[3] = 0x00;
+        message2[4] = 0x00;
+        message2[5] = RAS_2819T_AUTO_DRY_SUFFIX;
+        break;
+
+      case climate::CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY:
+        message2[1] = second_packet_codes.fan_byte;
+        message2[2] = 0x00;
+        message2[3] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte3;
+        message2[4] = 0x00;
+        message2[5] = RAS_2819T_HEAT_SUFFIX;
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        message2[1] = second_packet_codes.fan_byte;
+        message2[2] = 0x00;
+        message2[3] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte3;
+        message2[4] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte4;
+        message2[5] = second_packet_codes.suffix.byte5;
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Log final messages being transmitted
+
+  // Transmit using proper Toshiba protocol timing
+  auto transmit = this->transmitter_->transmit();
+  auto *data = transmit.get_data();
+
+  // Use existing Toshiba encode function for proper timing
+  this->encode_(data, message1, RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 1);
+
+  if (this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF) {
+    // Send second packet with gap
+    this->encode_(data, message2, RAS_2819T_MESSAGE_LENGTH, 0);
+  }
+
+  transmit.perform();
+
+  // Update all state tracking after successful transmission
+  this->last_swing_mode_ = this->swing_mode;
+  this->last_mode_ = this->mode;
+  this->last_fan_mode_ = this->fan_mode;
+  this->last_target_temperature_ = this->target_temperature;
+}
+
 uint8_t ToshibaClimate::is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(const uint8_t *message) {
   const std::vector<uint8_t> header{RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_HEADER0, RAC_PT1411HWRU_CS_HEADER,
                                     RAC_PT1411HWRU_SWING_HEADER};
@@ -464,11 +967,11 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::compare_rac_pt1411hwru_packets_(const uint8_t *message1, co
 bool ToshibaClimate::is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(const uint8_t *message) {
   uint8_t checksum = 0;
 
-  switch (is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
+  switch (this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
     case RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_HEADER0:
     case RAC_PT1411HWRU_CS_HEADER:
     case RAC_PT1411HWRU_SWING_HEADER:
-      if (is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message) && (message[2] == static_cast<uint8_t>(~message[3])) &&
+      if (this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message) && (message[2] == static_cast<uint8_t>(~message[3])) &&
           (message[4] == static_cast<uint8_t>(~message[5]))) {
         return true;
       }
@@ -490,7 +993,103 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(const uint8_t *message) {
   return false;
 }
 
+bool ToshibaClimate::process_ras_2819t_command_(const remote_base::ToshibaAcData &toshiba_data) {
+  // Check for power-off command (single packet)
+  if (toshiba_data.rc_code_2 == 0 && toshiba_data.rc_code_1 == RAS_2819T_POWER_OFF_COMMAND) {
+    this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF;
+    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: OFF");
+    this->publish_state();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Check for swing toggle command (single packet)
+  if (toshiba_data.rc_code_2 == 0 && toshiba_data.rc_code_1 == RAS_2819T_SWING_TOGGLE) {
+    // Toggle swing mode
+    if (this->swing_mode == climate::CLIMATE_SWING_VERTICAL) {
+      this->swing_mode = climate::CLIMATE_SWING_OFF;
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Swing: OFF");
+    } else {
+      this->swing_mode = climate::CLIMATE_SWING_VERTICAL;
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Swing: VERTICAL");
+    }
+    this->publish_state();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Handle regular two-packet commands (mode/temperature/fan changes)
+  if (toshiba_data.rc_code_2 != 0) {
+    // Convert to byte array for easier processing
+    uint8_t message1[6], message2[6];
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+      message1[i] = (toshiba_data.rc_code_1 >> (40 - i * 8)) & 0xFF;
+      message2[i] = (toshiba_data.rc_code_2 >> (40 - i * 8)) & 0xFF;
+    }
+
+    // Decode the protocol using message1 (rc_code_1)
+    uint8_t temp_code = message1[4];
+
+    // Decode mode - check bytes 2-3 pattern and temperature code
+    if ((message1[2] == 0x7B) && (message1[3] == 0x84)) {
+      // OFF mode has specific pattern
+      this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF;
+      ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: OFF");
+    } else if ((message1[2] == 0x1F) && (message1[3] == 0xE0)) {
+      // 0x1FE0 pattern is used for AUTO, DRY, and low-temp COOL
+      if ((temp_code & 0x0F) == 0x08) {
+        this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL;
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: AUTO");
+      } else if ((temp_code & 0x0F) == 0x04) {
+        this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_DRY;
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: DRY");
+      } else {
+        this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_COOL;
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: COOL (low temp)");
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Variable fan speed patterns - decode by temperature code
+      if ((temp_code & 0x0F) == 0x0C) {
+        this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: HEAT");
+      } else if (message1[5] == 0x1B) {
+        this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY;
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: FAN_ONLY");
+      } else {
+        this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_COOL;
+        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Mode: COOL");
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Decode fan speed from rc_code_1
+    uint16_t fan_code = (message1[2] << 8) | message1[3];
+    this->fan_mode = decode_ras_2819t_fan_mode(fan_code);
+
+    // Decode temperature
+    if (this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF && this->mode != climate::CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY) {
+      this->target_temperature = decode_ras_2819t_temperature(temp_code);
+    }
+
+    this->publish_state();
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Unknown single-packet RAS-2819T command: 0x%" PRIX64, toshiba_data.rc_code_1);
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
 bool ToshibaClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
+  // Try modern ToshibaAcProtocol decoder first (handles RAS-2819T and potentially others)
+  remote_base::ToshibaAcProtocol toshiba_protocol;
+  auto decode_result = toshiba_protocol.decode(data);
+
+  if (decode_result.has_value()) {
+    auto toshiba_data = decode_result.value();
+    // Validate and process RAS-2819T commands
+    if (is_valid_ras_2819t_command(toshiba_data.rc_code_1, toshiba_data.rc_code_2)) {
+      return this->process_ras_2819t_command_(toshiba_data);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Fall back to generic processing for older protocols
   uint8_t message[18] = {0};
   uint8_t message_length = TOSHIBA_HEADER_LENGTH, temperature_code = 0;
 
@@ -499,11 +1098,11 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     return false;
   }
   // Read incoming bits into buffer
-  if (!decode_(&data, message, message_length)) {
+  if (!this->decode_(&data, message, message_length)) {
     return false;
   }
   // Determine incoming message protocol version and/or length
-  if (is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
+  if (this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
     // We already received four bytes
     message_length = RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH - 4;
   } else if ((message[0] ^ message[1] ^ message[2]) != message[3]) {
@@ -514,11 +1113,11 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     message_length = message[2] + 2;
   }
   // Decode the remaining bytes
-  if (!decode_(&data, &message[4], message_length)) {
+  if (!this->decode_(&data, &message[4], message_length)) {
     return false;
   }
   // If this is a RAC-PT1411HWRU message, we expect the first packet a second time and also possibly a third packet
-  if (is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
+  if (this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
     // There is always a space between packets
     if (!data.expect_item(TOSHIBA_BIT_MARK, TOSHIBA_GAP_SPACE)) {
       return false;
@@ -527,7 +1126,7 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     if (!data.expect_item(TOSHIBA_HEADER_MARK, TOSHIBA_HEADER_SPACE)) {
       return false;
     }
-    if (!decode_(&data, &message[6], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH)) {
+    if (!this->decode_(&data, &message[6], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH)) {
       return false;
     }
     // If this is a RAC-PT1411HWRU message, there may also be a third packet.
@@ -535,25 +1134,25 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
     if (data.expect_item(TOSHIBA_BIT_MARK, TOSHIBA_GAP_SPACE)) {
       // Validate header 3
       data.expect_item(TOSHIBA_HEADER_MARK, TOSHIBA_HEADER_SPACE);
-      if (decode_(&data, &message[12], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH)) {
-        if (!is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(&message[12])) {
+      if (this->decode_(&data, &message[12], RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_LENGTH)) {
+        if (!this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(&message[12])) {
           // If a third packet was received but the checksum is not valid, fail
           return false;
         }
       }
     }
-    if (!compare_rac_pt1411hwru_packets_(&message[0], &message[6])) {
+    if (!this->compare_rac_pt1411hwru_packets_(&message[0], &message[6])) {
       // If the first two packets don't match each other, fail
       return false;
     }
-    if (!is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(&message[0])) {
+    if (!this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(&message[0])) {
       // If the first packet isn't valid, fail
       return false;
     }
   }
 
   // Header has been verified, now determine protocol version and set the climate component properties
-  switch (is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
+  switch (this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(message)) {
     // Power, temperature, mode, fan speed
     case RAC_PT1411HWRU_MESSAGE_HEADER0:
       // Get the mode
@@ -608,7 +1207,7 @@ bool ToshibaClimate::on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) {
           break;
       }
       // Get the target temperature
-      if (is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(&message[12])) {
+      if (this->is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_message_(&message[12])) {
         temperature_code =
             (message[4] >> 4) | (message[14] & RAC_PT1411HWRU_FLAG_FRAC) | (message[15] & RAC_PT1411HWRU_FLAG_NEG);
         if (message[15] & RAC_PT1411HWRU_FLAG_FAH) {

esphome/components/toshiba/toshiba.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "esphome/components/climate_ir/climate_ir.h"
+#include "esphome/components/remote_base/toshiba_ac_protocol.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
 namespace toshiba {
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ enum Model {
   MODEL_GENERIC = 0,           // Temperature range is from 17 to 30
   MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_C = 1,  // Temperature range is from 16 to 30
   MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_F = 2,  // Temperature range is from 16 to 30
+  MODEL_RAS_2819T = 3,         // RAS-2819T protocol variant, temperature range 18 to 30
 };
 
 // Supported temperature ranges
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ const float TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_C_MIN = 16.0;
 const float TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_C_MAX = 30.0;
 const float TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_F_MIN = 60.0;
 const float TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_F_MAX = 86.0;
+const float TOSHIBA_RAS_2819T_TEMP_C_MIN = 18.0;
+const float TOSHIBA_RAS_2819T_TEMP_C_MAX = 30.0;
 
 class ToshibaClimate : public climate_ir::ClimateIR {
  public:
@@ -35,6 +39,9 @@ class ToshibaClimate : public climate_ir::ClimateIR {
   void transmit_generic_();
   void transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_();
   void transmit_rac_pt1411hwru_temp_(bool cs_state = true, bool cs_send_update = true);
+  void transmit_ras_2819t_();
+  // Process RAS-2819T IR command data
+  bool process_ras_2819t_command_(const remote_base::ToshibaAcData &toshiba_data);
   // Returns the header if valid, else returns zero
   uint8_t is_valid_rac_pt1411hwru_header_(const uint8_t *message);
   // Returns true if message is a valid RAC-PT1411HWRU IR message, regardless if first or second packet
@@ -43,11 +50,26 @@ class ToshibaClimate : public climate_ir::ClimateIR {
   bool compare_rac_pt1411hwru_packets_(const uint8_t *message1, const uint8_t *message2);
   bool on_receive(remote_base::RemoteReceiveData data) override;
 
+ private:
+  // RAS-2819T state tracking for swing mode optimization
+  climate::ClimateSwingMode last_swing_mode_{climate::CLIMATE_SWING_OFF};
+  climate::ClimateMode last_mode_{climate::CLIMATE_MODE_OFF};
+  optional<climate::ClimateFanMode> last_fan_mode_{};
+  float last_target_temperature_{24.0f};
+
   float temperature_min_() {
-    return (this->model_ == MODEL_GENERIC) ? TOSHIBA_GENERIC_TEMP_C_MIN : TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_C_MIN;
+    if (this->model_ == MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_C || this->model_ == MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_F)
+      return TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_C_MIN;
+    if (this->model_ == MODEL_RAS_2819T)
+      return TOSHIBA_RAS_2819T_TEMP_C_MIN;
+    return TOSHIBA_GENERIC_TEMP_C_MIN;  // Default to GENERIC for unknown models
   }
   float temperature_max_() {
-    return (this->model_ == MODEL_GENERIC) ? TOSHIBA_GENERIC_TEMP_C_MAX : TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_C_MAX;
+    if (this->model_ == MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_C || this->model_ == MODEL_RAC_PT1411HWRU_F)
+      return TOSHIBA_RAC_PT1411HWRU_TEMP_C_MAX;
+    if (this->model_ == MODEL_RAS_2819T)
+      return TOSHIBA_RAS_2819T_TEMP_C_MAX;
+    return TOSHIBA_GENERIC_TEMP_C_MAX;  // Default to GENERIC for unknown models
   }
   std::set<climate::ClimateSwingMode> toshiba_swing_modes_() {
     return (this->model_ == MODEL_GENERIC)

esphome/components/wifi/__init__.py

@@ -402,8 +402,8 @@ async def to_code(config):
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_LWIP_DHCPS", False)
 
     # Disable Enterprise WiFi support if no EAP is configured
-    if CORE.is_esp32 and not has_eap:
-        add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP_WIFI_ENTERPRISE_SUPPORT", False)
+    if CORE.is_esp32:
+        add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_ESP_WIFI_ENTERPRISE_SUPPORT", has_eap)
 
     cg.add(var.set_reboot_timeout(config[CONF_REBOOT_TIMEOUT]))
     cg.add(var.set_power_save_mode(config[CONF_POWER_SAVE_MODE]))

esphome/components/xgzp68xx/sensor.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ from esphome.components import i2c, sensor
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ID,
+    CONF_OVERSAMPLING,
     CONF_PRESSURE,
     CONF_TEMPERATURE,
     DEVICE_CLASS_PRESSURE,
@@ -18,6 +19,17 @@ CODEOWNERS = ["@gcormier"]
 CONF_K_VALUE = "k_value"
 
 xgzp68xx_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("xgzp68xx")
+XGZP68XXOversampling = xgzp68xx_ns.enum("XGZP68XXOversampling")
+OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS = {
+    "256X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_256X,
+    "512X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_512X,
+    "1024X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_1024X,
+    "2048X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_2048X,
+    "4096X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_4096X,
+    "8192X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_8192X,
+    "16384X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_16384X,
+    "32768X": XGZP68XXOversampling.XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_32768X,
+}
 XGZP68XXComponent = xgzp68xx_ns.class_(
     "XGZP68XXComponent", cg.PollingComponent, i2c.I2CDevice
 )
@@ -31,6 +43,12 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = (
                 accuracy_decimals=1,
                 device_class=DEVICE_CLASS_PRESSURE,
                 state_class=STATE_CLASS_MEASUREMENT,
+            ).extend(
+                {
+                    cv.Optional(CONF_OVERSAMPLING, default="4096X"): cv.enum(
+                        OVERSAMPLING_OPTIONS, upper=True
+                    ),
+                }
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_TEMPERATURE): sensor.sensor_schema(
                 unit_of_measurement=UNIT_CELSIUS,
@@ -58,5 +76,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     if pressure_config := config.get(CONF_PRESSURE):
         sens = await sensor.new_sensor(pressure_config)
         cg.add(var.set_pressure_sensor(sens))
+        cg.add(var.set_pressure_oversampling(pressure_config[CONF_OVERSAMPLING]))
 
     cg.add(var.set_k_value(config[CONF_K_VALUE]))

esphome/components/xgzp68xx/xgzp68xx.cpp

@@ -16,16 +16,49 @@ static const uint8_t SYSCONFIG_ADDRESS = 0xA5;
 static const uint8_t PCONFIG_ADDRESS = 0xA6;
 static const uint8_t READ_COMMAND = 0x0A;
 
+[[maybe_unused]] static const char *oversampling_to_str(XGZP68XXOversampling oversampling) {
+  switch (oversampling) {
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_256X:
+      return "256x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_512X:
+      return "512x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_1024X:
+      return "1024x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_2048X:
+      return "2048x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_4096X:
+      return "4096x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_8192X:
+      return "8192x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_16384X:
+      return "16384x";
+    case XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_32768X:
+      return "32768x";
+    default:
+      return "UNKNOWN";
+  }
+}
+
 void XGZP68XXComponent::update() {
+  // Do we need to change oversampling?
+  if (this->last_pressure_oversampling_ != this->pressure_oversampling_) {
+    uint8_t oldconfig = 0;
+    this->read_register(PCONFIG_ADDRESS, &oldconfig, 1);
+    uint8_t newconfig = (oldconfig & 0xf8) | (this->pressure_oversampling_ & 0x7);
+    this->write_register(PCONFIG_ADDRESS, &newconfig, 1);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "oversampling to %s: oldconfig = 0x%x newconfig = 0x%x",
+             oversampling_to_str(this->pressure_oversampling_), oldconfig, newconfig);
+    this->last_pressure_oversampling_ = this->pressure_oversampling_;
+  }
+
   // Request temp + pressure acquisition
   this->write_register(0x30, &READ_COMMAND, 1);
 
   // Wait 20mS per datasheet
   this->set_timeout("measurement", 20, [this]() {
-    uint8_t data[5];
-    uint32_t pressure_raw;
-    uint16_t temperature_raw;
-    float pressure_in_pa, temperature;
+    uint8_t data[5] = {};
+    uint32_t pressure_raw = 0;
+    uint16_t temperature_raw = 0;
     int success;
 
     // Read the sensor data
@@ -42,23 +75,11 @@ void XGZP68XXComponent::update() {
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Got raw pressure=%" PRIu32 ", raw temperature=%u", pressure_raw, temperature_raw);
     ESP_LOGV(TAG, "K value is %u", this->k_value_);
 
-    // The most significant bit of both pressure and temperature will be 1 to indicate a negative value.
-    // This is directly from the datasheet, and the calculations below will handle this.
-    if (pressure_raw > pow(2, 23)) {
-      // Negative pressure
-      pressure_in_pa = (pressure_raw - pow(2, 24)) / (float) (this->k_value_);
-    } else {
-      // Positive pressure
-      pressure_in_pa = pressure_raw / (float) (this->k_value_);
-    }
+    // Sign extend the pressure
+    float pressure_in_pa = (float) (((int32_t) pressure_raw << 8) >> 8);
+    pressure_in_pa /= (float) (this->k_value_);
 
-    if (temperature_raw > pow(2, 15)) {
-      // Negative temperature
-      temperature = (float) (temperature_raw - pow(2, 16)) / 256.0f;
-    } else {
-      // Positive temperature
-      temperature = (float) temperature_raw / 256.0f;
-    }
+    float temperature = ((float) (int16_t) temperature_raw) / 256.0f;
 
     if (this->pressure_sensor_ != nullptr)
       this->pressure_sensor_->publish_state(pressure_in_pa);
@@ -69,20 +90,27 @@ void XGZP68XXComponent::update() {
 }
 
 void XGZP68XXComponent::setup() {
-  uint8_t config;
+  uint8_t config1 = 0, config2 = 0;
 
   // Display some sample bits to confirm we are talking to the sensor
-  this->read_register(SYSCONFIG_ADDRESS, &config, 1);
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "Gain value is %d\n"
-                "XGZP68xx started!",
-                (config >> 3) & 0b111);
+  if (i2c::ErrorCode::ERROR_OK != this->read_register(SYSCONFIG_ADDRESS, &config1, 1)) {
+    this->mark_failed();
+    return;
+  }
+  if (i2c::ErrorCode::ERROR_OK != this->read_register(PCONFIG_ADDRESS, &config2, 1)) {
+    this->mark_failed();
+    return;
+  }
+  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "sys_config 0x%x, p_config 0x%x", config1, config2);
 }
 
 void XGZP68XXComponent::dump_config() {
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "XGZP68xx:");
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Temperature: ", this->temperature_sensor_);
   LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Pressure: ", this->pressure_sensor_);
+  if (this->pressure_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "    Oversampling: %s", oversampling_to_str(this->pressure_oversampling_));
+  }
   LOG_I2C_DEVICE(this);
   if (this->is_failed()) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "  Connection failed");

esphome/components/xgzp68xx/xgzp68xx.h

@@ -7,11 +7,29 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace xgzp68xx {
 
+/// Enum listing all oversampling options for the XGZP68XX.
+enum XGZP68XXOversampling : uint8_t {
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_256X = 0b100,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_512X = 0b101,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_1024X = 0b000,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_2048X = 0b001,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_4096X = 0b010,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_8192X = 0b011,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_16384X = 0b110,
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_32768X = 0b111,
+
+  XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_UNKNOWN = (uint8_t) -1,
+};
+
 class XGZP68XXComponent : public PollingComponent, public sensor::Sensor, public i2c::I2CDevice {
  public:
   SUB_SENSOR(temperature)
   SUB_SENSOR(pressure)
   void set_k_value(uint16_t k_value) { this->k_value_ = k_value; }
+  /// Set the pressure oversampling value. Defaults to 4096X.
+  void set_pressure_oversampling(XGZP68XXOversampling pressure_oversampling) {
+    this->pressure_oversampling_ = pressure_oversampling;
+  }
 
   void update() override;
   void setup() override;
@@ -21,6 +39,8 @@ class XGZP68XXComponent : public PollingComponent, public sensor::Sensor, public
   /// Internal method to read the pressure from the component after it has been scheduled.
   void read_pressure_();
   uint16_t k_value_;
+  XGZP68XXOversampling pressure_oversampling_{XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_4096X};
+  XGZP68XXOversampling last_pressure_oversampling_{XGZP68XX_OVERSAMPLING_UNKNOWN};
 };
 
 }  // namespace xgzp68xx

esphome/components/zephyr/__init__.py

@@ -222,18 +222,25 @@ def copy_files():
     ] in ["xiao_ble"]:
         fake_board_manifest = """
 {
-"frameworks": [
-    "zephyr"
-],
-"name": "esphome nrf52",
-"upload": {
-    "maximum_ram_size": 248832,
-    "maximum_size": 815104
-},
-"url": "https://esphome.io/",
-"vendor": "esphome"
+    "frameworks": [
+        "zephyr"
+    ],
+    "name": "esphome nrf52",
+    "upload": {
+        "maximum_ram_size": 248832,
+        "maximum_size": 815104,
+        "speed": 115200
+    },
+    "url": "https://esphome.io/",
+    "vendor": "esphome",
+    "build": {
+        "softdevice": {
+            "sd_fwid": "0x00B6"
+        }
+    }
 }
 """
+
         write_file_if_changed(
             CORE.relative_build_path(f"boards/{zephyr_data()[KEY_BOARD]}.json"),
             fake_board_manifest,

esphome/config.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import voluptuous as vol
 
 from esphome import core, loader, pins, yaml_util
-from esphome.config_helpers import Extend, Remove
+from esphome.config_helpers import Extend, Remove, merge_dicts_ordered
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_ESPHOME,
@@ -922,10 +922,9 @@ def validate_config(
     if CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS in config or command_line_substitutions:
         from esphome.components import substitutions
 
-        result[CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS] = {
-            **(config.get(CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS) or {}),
-            **command_line_substitutions,
-        }
+        result[CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS] = merge_dicts_ordered(
+            config.get(CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS) or {}, command_line_substitutions
+        )
         result.add_output_path([CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS], CONF_SUBSTITUTIONS)
         try:
             substitutions.do_substitution_pass(config, command_line_substitutions)

esphome/config_helpers.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     PlatformFramework,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE
+from esphome.util import OrderedDict
 
 # Pre-build lookup map from (platform, framework) tuples to PlatformFramework enum
 _PLATFORM_FRAMEWORK_LOOKUP = {
@@ -17,6 +18,25 @@ _PLATFORM_FRAMEWORK_LOOKUP = {
 }
 
 
+def merge_dicts_ordered(*dicts: dict) -> OrderedDict:
+    """Merge multiple dicts into an OrderedDict, preserving key order.
+
+    This is a helper to ensure that dictionary merging preserves OrderedDict type,
+    which is important for operations like move_to_end().
+
+    Args:
+        *dicts: Variable number of dictionaries to merge (later dicts override earlier ones)
+
+    Returns:
+        OrderedDict with merged contents
+    """
+    result = OrderedDict()
+    for d in dicts:
+        if d:
+            result.update(d)
+    return result
+
+
 class Extend:
     def __init__(self, value):
         self.value = value
@@ -60,7 +80,11 @@ def merge_config(full_old, full_new):
         if isinstance(new, dict):
             if not isinstance(old, dict):
                 return new
-            res = old.copy()
+            # Preserve OrderedDict type by copying to OrderedDict if either input is OrderedDict
+            if isinstance(old, OrderedDict) or isinstance(new, OrderedDict):
+                res = OrderedDict(old)
+            else:
+                res = old.copy()
             for k, v in new.items():
                 if isinstance(v, Remove) and k in old:
                     del res[k]

esphome/config_validation.py

@@ -244,6 +244,20 @@ RESERVED_IDS = [
     "uart0",
     "uart1",
     "uart2",
+    # ESP32 ROM functions
+    "crc16_be",
+    "crc16_le",
+    "crc32_be",
+    "crc32_le",
+    "crc8_be",
+    "crc8_le",
+    "dbg_state",
+    "debug_timer",
+    "one_bits",
+    "recv_packet",
+    "send_packet",
+    "check_pos",
+    "software_reset",
 ]
 
 

esphome/const.py

@@ -696,6 +696,7 @@ CONF_OPEN_DRAIN = "open_drain"
 CONF_OPEN_DRAIN_INTERRUPT = "open_drain_interrupt"
 CONF_OPEN_DURATION = "open_duration"
 CONF_OPEN_ENDSTOP = "open_endstop"
+CONF_OPENTHREAD = "openthread"
 CONF_OPERATION = "operation"
 CONF_OPTIMISTIC = "optimistic"
 CONF_OPTION = "option"
@@ -1299,6 +1300,7 @@ DEVICE_CLASS_SULPHUR_DIOXIDE = "sulphur_dioxide"
 DEVICE_CLASS_SWITCH = "switch"
 DEVICE_CLASS_TAMPER = "tamper"
 DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE = "temperature"
+DEVICE_CLASS_TEMPERATURE_DELTA = "temperature_delta"
 DEVICE_CLASS_TIMESTAMP = "timestamp"
 DEVICE_CLASS_UPDATE = "update"
 DEVICE_CLASS_VIBRATION = "vibration"

esphome/dashboard/settings.py

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ from esphome.helpers import get_bool_env
 
 from .util.password import password_hash
 
+# Sentinel file name used for CORE.config_path when dashboard initializes.
+# This ensures .parent returns the config directory instead of root.
+_DASHBOARD_SENTINEL_FILE = "___DASHBOARD_SENTINEL___.yaml"
+
 
 class DashboardSettings:
     """Settings for the dashboard."""
@@ -48,7 +52,12 @@ class DashboardSettings:
         self.config_dir = Path(args.configuration)
         self.absolute_config_dir = self.config_dir.resolve()
         self.verbose = args.verbose
-        CORE.config_path = self.config_dir / "."
+        # Set to a sentinel file so .parent gives us the config directory.
+        # Previously this was `os.path.join(self.config_dir, ".")` which worked because
+        # os.path.dirname("/config/.") returns "/config", but Path("/config/.").parent
+        # normalizes to Path("/config") first, then .parent returns Path("/"), breaking
+        # secret resolution. Using a sentinel file ensures .parent gives the correct directory.
+        CORE.config_path = self.config_dir / _DASHBOARD_SENTINEL_FILE
 
     @property
     def relative_url(self) -> str:

esphome/dashboard/web_server.py

@@ -1058,7 +1058,8 @@ class DownloadBinaryRequestHandler(BaseHandler):
             "download",
             f"{storage_json.name}-{file_name}",
         )
-        path = storage_json.firmware_bin_path.with_name(file_name)
+
+        path = storage_json.firmware_bin_path.parent.joinpath(file_name)
 
         if not path.is_file():
             args = ["esphome", "idedata", settings.rel_path(configuration)]

esphome/espota2.py

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ def send_check(
 
 
 def perform_ota(
-    sock: socket.socket, password: str, file_handle: io.IOBase, filename: Path
+    sock: socket.socket, password: str | None, file_handle: io.IOBase, filename: Path
 ) -> None:
     file_contents = file_handle.read()
     file_size = len(file_contents)
@@ -278,13 +278,13 @@ def perform_ota(
 
     def perform_auth(
         sock: socket.socket,
-        password: str,
+        password: str | None,
         hash_func: Callable[..., Any],
         nonce_size: int,
         hash_name: str,
     ) -> None:
         """Perform challenge-response authentication using specified hash algorithm."""
-        if not password:
+        if password is None:
             raise OTAError("ESP requests password, but no password given!")
 
         nonce_bytes = receive_exactly(
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ def perform_ota(
 
 
 def run_ota_impl_(
-    remote_host: str | list[str], remote_port: int, password: str, filename: Path
+    remote_host: str | list[str], remote_port: int, password: str | None, filename: Path
 ) -> tuple[int, str | None]:
     from esphome.core import CORE
 
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ def run_ota_impl_(
 
 
 def run_ota(
-    remote_host: str | list[str], remote_port: int, password: str, filename: Path
+    remote_host: str | list[str], remote_port: int, password: str | None, filename: Path
 ) -> tuple[int, str | None]:
     try:
         return run_ota_impl_(remote_host, remote_port, password, filename)

esphome/git.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import hashlib
 import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 import re
+import shutil
 import subprocess
 import urllib.parse
 
@@ -17,14 +18,60 @@ _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 NEVER_REFRESH = TimePeriodSeconds(seconds=-1)
 
 
-def run_git_command(cmd, cwd=None) -> str:
-    _LOGGER.debug("Running git command: %s", " ".join(cmd))
+class GitException(cv.Invalid):
+    """Base exception for git-related errors."""
+
+
+class GitNotInstalledError(GitException):
+    """Exception raised when git is not installed on the system."""
+
+
+class GitCommandError(GitException):
+    """Exception raised when a git command fails."""
+
+
+class GitRepositoryError(GitException):
+    """Exception raised when a git repository is in an invalid state."""
+
+
+def run_git_command(cmd: list[str], git_dir: Path | None = None) -> str:
+    if git_dir is not None:
+        _LOGGER.debug(
+            "Running git command with repository isolation: %s (git_dir=%s)",
+            " ".join(cmd),
+            git_dir,
+        )
+    else:
+        _LOGGER.debug("Running git command: %s", " ".join(cmd))
+
+    # Set up environment for repository isolation if git_dir is provided
+    # Force git to only operate on this specific repository by setting
+    # GIT_DIR and GIT_WORK_TREE. This prevents git from walking up the
+    # directory tree to find parent repositories when the target repo's
+    # .git directory is corrupt. Without this, commands like 'git stash'
+    # could accidentally operate on parent repositories (e.g., the main
+    # ESPHome repo) instead of failing, causing data loss.
+    env: dict[str, str] | None = None
+    cwd: str | None = None
+    if git_dir is not None:
+        env = {
+            **subprocess.os.environ,
+            "GIT_DIR": str(Path(git_dir) / ".git"),
+            "GIT_WORK_TREE": str(git_dir),
+        }
+        cwd = str(git_dir)
+
     try:
         ret = subprocess.run(
-            cmd, cwd=cwd, capture_output=True, check=False, close_fds=False
+            cmd,
+            cwd=cwd,
+            capture_output=True,
+            check=False,
+            close_fds=False,
+            env=env,
         )
     except FileNotFoundError as err:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
+        raise GitNotInstalledError(
             "git is not installed but required for external_components.\n"
             "Please see https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Getting-Started-Installing-Git for installing git"
         ) from err
@@ -33,8 +80,8 @@ def run_git_command(cmd, cwd=None) -> str:
         err_str = ret.stderr.decode("utf-8")
         lines = [x.strip() for x in err_str.splitlines()]
         if lines[-1].startswith("fatal:"):
-            raise cv.Invalid(lines[-1][len("fatal: ") :])
-        raise cv.Invalid(err_str)
+            raise GitCommandError(lines[-1][len("fatal: ") :])
+        raise GitCommandError(err_str)
 
     return ret.stdout.decode("utf-8").strip()
 
@@ -55,6 +102,7 @@ def clone_or_update(
     username: str = None,
     password: str = None,
     submodules: list[str] | None = None,
+    _recover_broken: bool = True,
 ) -> tuple[Path, Callable[[], None] | None]:
     key = f"{url}@{ref}"
 
@@ -75,15 +123,15 @@ def clone_or_update(
             # We need to fetch the PR branch first, otherwise git will complain
             # about missing objects
             _LOGGER.info("Fetching %s", ref)
-            run_git_command(["git", "fetch", "--", "origin", ref], str(repo_dir))
-            run_git_command(["git", "reset", "--hard", "FETCH_HEAD"], str(repo_dir))
+            run_git_command(["git", "fetch", "--", "origin", ref], git_dir=repo_dir)
+            run_git_command(["git", "reset", "--hard", "FETCH_HEAD"], git_dir=repo_dir)
 
         if submodules is not None:
             _LOGGER.info(
-                "Initialising submodules (%s) for %s", ", ".join(submodules), key
+                "Initializing submodules (%s) for %s", ", ".join(submodules), key
             )
             run_git_command(
-                ["git", "submodule", "update", "--init"] + submodules, str(repo_dir)
+                ["git", "submodule", "update", "--init"] + submodules, git_dir=repo_dir
             )
 
     else:
@@ -99,32 +147,82 @@ def clone_or_update(
             file_timestamp = Path(repo_dir / ".git" / "HEAD")
         age = datetime.now() - datetime.fromtimestamp(file_timestamp.stat().st_mtime)
         if refresh is None or age.total_seconds() > refresh.total_seconds:
-            old_sha = run_git_command(["git", "rev-parse", "HEAD"], str(repo_dir))
-            _LOGGER.info("Updating %s", key)
-            _LOGGER.debug("Location: %s", repo_dir)
-            # Stash local changes (if any)
-            run_git_command(
-                ["git", "stash", "push", "--include-untracked"], str(repo_dir)
-            )
-            # Fetch remote ref
-            cmd = ["git", "fetch", "--", "origin"]
-            if ref is not None:
-                cmd.append(ref)
-            run_git_command(cmd, str(repo_dir))
-            # Hard reset to FETCH_HEAD (short-lived git ref corresponding to most recent fetch)
-            run_git_command(["git", "reset", "--hard", "FETCH_HEAD"], str(repo_dir))
+            # Try to update the repository, recovering from broken state if needed
+            old_sha: str | None = None
+            try:
+                # First verify the repository is valid by checking HEAD
+                # Use git_dir parameter to prevent git from walking up to parent repos
+                old_sha = run_git_command(
+                    ["git", "rev-parse", "HEAD"], git_dir=repo_dir
+                )
+
+                _LOGGER.info("Updating %s", key)
+                _LOGGER.debug("Location: %s", repo_dir)
+
+                # Stash local changes (if any)
+                # Use git_dir to ensure this only affects the specific repo
+                run_git_command(
+                    ["git", "stash", "push", "--include-untracked"],
+                    git_dir=repo_dir,
+                )
+
+                # Fetch remote ref
+                cmd = ["git", "fetch", "--", "origin"]
+                if ref is not None:
+                    cmd.append(ref)
+                run_git_command(cmd, git_dir=repo_dir)
+
+                # Hard reset to FETCH_HEAD (short-lived git ref corresponding to most recent fetch)
+                run_git_command(
+                    ["git", "reset", "--hard", "FETCH_HEAD"],
+                    git_dir=repo_dir,
+                )
+            except GitException as err:
+                # Repository is in a broken state or update failed
+                # Only attempt recovery once to prevent infinite recursion
+                if not _recover_broken:
+                    _LOGGER.error(
+                        "Repository %s recovery failed, cannot retry (already attempted once)",
+                        key,
+                    )
+                    raise
+
+                _LOGGER.warning(
+                    "Repository %s has issues (%s), attempting recovery",
+                    key,
+                    err,
+                )
+                _LOGGER.info("Removing broken repository at %s", repo_dir)
+                shutil.rmtree(repo_dir)
+                _LOGGER.info("Successfully removed broken repository, re-cloning...")
+
+                # Recursively call clone_or_update to re-clone
+                # Set _recover_broken=False to prevent infinite recursion
+                result = clone_or_update(
+                    url=url,
+                    ref=ref,
+                    refresh=refresh,
+                    domain=domain,
+                    username=username,
+                    password=password,
+                    submodules=submodules,
+                    _recover_broken=False,
+                )
+                _LOGGER.info("Repository %s successfully recovered", key)
+                return result
 
             if submodules is not None:
                 _LOGGER.info(
                     "Updating submodules (%s) for %s", ", ".join(submodules), key
                 )
                 run_git_command(
-                    ["git", "submodule", "update", "--init"] + submodules, str(repo_dir)
+                    ["git", "submodule", "update", "--init"] + submodules,
+                    git_dir=repo_dir,
                 )
 
             def revert():
                 _LOGGER.info("Reverting changes to %s -> %s", key, old_sha)
-                run_git_command(["git", "reset", "--hard", old_sha], str(repo_dir))
+                run_git_command(["git", "reset", "--hard", old_sha], git_dir=repo_dir)
 
             return repo_dir, revert
 

esphome/platformio_api.py

@@ -374,3 +374,23 @@ class IDEData:
             return f"{self.cc_path[:-7]}addr2line.exe"
 
         return f"{self.cc_path[:-3]}addr2line"
+
+    @property
+    def objdump_path(self) -> str:
+        # replace gcc at end with objdump
+        path = self.cc_path
+        return (
+            f"{path[:-7]}objdump.exe"
+            if path.endswith(".exe")
+            else f"{path[:-3]}objdump"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def readelf_path(self) -> str:
+        # replace gcc at end with readelf
+        path = self.cc_path
+        return (
+            f"{path[:-7]}readelf.exe"
+            if path.endswith(".exe")
+            else f"{path[:-3]}readelf"
+        )

requirements.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ platformio==6.1.18  # When updating platformio, also update /docker/Dockerfile
 esptool==5.1.0
 click==8.1.7
 esphome-dashboard==20251013.0
-aioesphomeapi==42.0.0
+aioesphomeapi==42.2.0
 zeroconf==0.148.0
 puremagic==1.30
 ruamel.yaml==0.18.15 # dashboard_import

requirements_test.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 pylint==4.0.1
 flake8==7.3.0  # also change in .pre-commit-config.yaml when updating
-ruff==0.14.0  # also change in .pre-commit-config.yaml when updating
+ruff==0.14.1  # also change in .pre-commit-config.yaml when updating
 pyupgrade==3.21.0  # also change in .pre-commit-config.yaml when updating
 pre-commit
 

script/analyze_component_buses.py

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ from typing import Any
 # Add esphome to path
 sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
 
+from helpers import BASE_BUS_COMPONENTS
+
 from esphome import yaml_util
 from esphome.config_helpers import Extend, Remove
 
@@ -50,21 +52,22 @@ PACKAGE_DEPENDENCIES = {
 
 # Bus types that can be defined directly in config files
 # Components defining these directly cannot be grouped (they create unique bus IDs)
-DIRECT_BUS_TYPES = ("i2c", "spi", "uart", "modbus")
+DIRECT_BUS_TYPES = (
+    "i2c",
+    "spi",
+    "uart",
+    "modbus",
+    "remote_transmitter",
+    "remote_receiver",
+)
 
 # Signature for components with no bus requirements
 # These components can be merged with any other group
 NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE = "no_buses"
 
-# Base bus components - these ARE the bus implementations and should not
-# be flagged as needing migration since they are the platform/base components
-BASE_BUS_COMPONENTS = {
-    "i2c",
-    "spi",
-    "uart",
-    "modbus",
-    "canbus",
-}
+# Prefix for isolated component signatures
+# Isolated components have unique signatures and cannot be merged with others
+ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX = "isolated_"
 
 # Components that must be tested in isolation (not grouped or batched with others)
 # These have known build issues that prevent grouping
@@ -75,11 +78,10 @@ ISOLATED_COMPONENTS = {
     "ethernet": "Defines ethernet: which conflicts with wifi: used by most components",
     "ethernet_info": "Related to ethernet component which conflicts with wifi",
     "lvgl": "Defines multiple SDL displays on host platform that conflict when merged with other display configs",
+    "mapping": "Uses dict format for image/display sections incompatible with standard list format - ESPHome merge_config cannot handle",
     "openthread": "Conflicts with wifi: used by most components",
     "openthread_info": "Conflicts with wifi: used by most components",
     "matrix_keypad": "Needs isolation due to keypad",
-    "mcp4725": "no YAML config to specify i2c bus id",
-    "mcp47a1": "no YAML config to specify i2c bus id",
     "modbus_controller": "Defines multiple modbus buses for testing client/server functionality - conflicts with package modbus bus",
     "neopixelbus": "RMT type conflict with ESP32 Arduino/ESP-IDF headers (enum vs struct rmt_channel_t)",
     "packages": "cannot merge packages",
@@ -368,6 +370,143 @@ def analyze_all_components(
     return components, non_groupable, direct_bus_components
 
 
+@lru_cache(maxsize=256)
+def _get_bus_configs(buses: tuple[str, ...]) -> frozenset[tuple[str, str]]:
+    """Map bus type to set of configs for that type.
+
+    Args:
+        buses: Tuple of bus package names (e.g., ("uart_9600", "i2c"))
+
+    Returns:
+        Frozenset of (base_type, full_config) tuples
+        Example: frozenset({("uart", "uart_9600"), ("i2c", "i2c")})
+    """
+    # Split on underscore to get base type: "uart_9600" -> "uart", "i2c" -> "i2c"
+    return frozenset((bus.split("_", 1)[0], bus) for bus in buses)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
+def are_buses_compatible(buses1: tuple[str, ...], buses2: tuple[str, ...]) -> bool:
+    """Check if two bus tuples are compatible for merging.
+
+    Two bus lists are compatible if they don't have conflicting configurations
+    for the same bus type. For example:
+    - ("ble", "uart") and ("i2c",) are compatible (different buses)
+    - ("uart_9600",) and ("uart_19200",) are NOT compatible (same bus, different configs)
+    - ("uart_9600",) and ("uart_9600",) are compatible (same bus, same config)
+
+    Args:
+        buses1: First tuple of bus package names
+        buses2: Second tuple of bus package names
+
+    Returns:
+        True if buses can be merged without conflicts
+    """
+    configs1 = _get_bus_configs(buses1)
+    configs2 = _get_bus_configs(buses2)
+
+    # Group configs by base type
+    bus_types1: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for base_type, full_config in configs1:
+        if base_type not in bus_types1:
+            bus_types1[base_type] = set()
+        bus_types1[base_type].add(full_config)
+
+    bus_types2: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for base_type, full_config in configs2:
+        if base_type not in bus_types2:
+            bus_types2[base_type] = set()
+        bus_types2[base_type].add(full_config)
+
+    # Check for conflicts: same bus type with different configs
+    for bus_type, configs in bus_types1.items():
+        if bus_type not in bus_types2:
+            continue  # No conflict - different bus types
+        # Same bus type - check if configs match
+        if configs != bus_types2[bus_type]:
+            return False  # Conflict - same bus type, different configs
+
+    return True  # No conflicts found
+
+
+def merge_compatible_bus_groups(
+    grouped_components: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]],
+) -> dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]]:
+    """Merge groups with compatible (non-conflicting) buses.
+
+    This function takes groups keyed by (platform, bus_signature) and merges
+    groups that share the same platform and have compatible bus configurations.
+    Two groups can be merged if their buses don't conflict - meaning they don't
+    have different configurations for the same bus type.
+
+    For example:
+    - ["ble"] + ["uart"] = compatible (different buses)
+    - ["uart_9600"] + ["uart_19200"] = incompatible (same bus, different configs)
+    - ["uart_9600"] + ["uart_9600"] = compatible (same bus, same config)
+
+    Args:
+        grouped_components: Dictionary mapping (platform, signature) to list of component names
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary with same structure but with compatible groups merged
+    """
+    merged_groups: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]] = {}
+    processed_keys: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+
+    for (platform1, sig1), comps1 in sorted(grouped_components.items()):
+        if (platform1, sig1) in processed_keys:
+            continue
+
+        # Skip NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE - kept separate for flexible batch distribution
+        # These components have no bus requirements and can be added to any batch
+        # as "fillers" for load balancing across CI runners
+        if sig1 == NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE:
+            merged_groups[(platform1, sig1)] = comps1
+            processed_keys.add((platform1, sig1))
+            continue
+
+        # Skip isolated components - they can't be merged with others
+        if sig1.startswith(ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX):
+            merged_groups[(platform1, sig1)] = comps1
+            processed_keys.add((platform1, sig1))
+            continue
+
+        # Start with this group's components
+        merged_comps: list[str] = list(comps1)
+        merged_sig: str = sig1
+        processed_keys.add((platform1, sig1))
+
+        # Get buses for this group as tuple for caching
+        buses1: tuple[str, ...] = tuple(sorted(sig1.split("+")))
+
+        # Try to merge with other groups on same platform
+        for (platform2, sig2), comps2 in sorted(grouped_components.items()):
+            if (platform2, sig2) in processed_keys:
+                continue
+            if platform2 != platform1:
+                continue  # Different platforms can't be merged
+            if sig2 == NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE:
+                continue  # Keep separate for flexible batch distribution
+            if sig2.startswith(ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX):
+                continue  # Isolated components can't be merged
+
+            # Check if buses are compatible
+            buses2: tuple[str, ...] = tuple(sorted(sig2.split("+")))
+            if are_buses_compatible(buses1, buses2):
+                # Compatible! Merge this group
+                merged_comps.extend(comps2)
+                processed_keys.add((platform2, sig2))
+                # Update merged signature to include all unique buses
+                all_buses: set[str] = set(buses1) | set(buses2)
+                merged_sig = "+".join(sorted(all_buses))
+                buses1 = tuple(sorted(all_buses))  # Update for next iteration
+
+        # Store merged group
+        merged_groups[(platform1, merged_sig)] = merged_comps
+
+    return merged_groups
+
+
 def create_grouping_signature(
     platform_buses: dict[str, list[str]], platform: str
 ) -> str:

script/api_protobuf/api_protobuf.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from typing import Any
 
 import aioesphomeapi.api_options_pb2 as pb
 import google.protobuf.descriptor_pb2 as descriptor
+from google.protobuf.descriptor_pb2 import FieldDescriptorProto
 
 
 class WireType(IntEnum):
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ class TypeInfo(ABC):
     @property
     def repeated(self) -> bool:
         """Check if the field is repeated."""
-        return self._field.label == 3
+        return self._field.label == FieldDescriptorProto.LABEL_REPEATED
 
     @property
     def wire_type(self) -> WireType:
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ def create_field_type_info(
     needs_encode: bool = True,
 ) -> TypeInfo:
     """Create the appropriate TypeInfo instance for a field, handling repeated fields and custom options."""
-    if field.label == 3:  # repeated
+    if field.label == FieldDescriptorProto.LABEL_REPEATED:
         # Check if this repeated field has fixed_array_with_length_define option
         if (
             fixed_size := get_field_opt(field, pb.fixed_array_with_length_define)
@@ -1879,6 +1880,9 @@ def build_message_type(
         )
         public_content.append("#endif")
 
+    # Collect fixed_vector fields for custom decode generation
+    fixed_vector_fields = []
+
     for field in desc.field:
         # Skip deprecated fields completely
         if field.options.deprecated:
@@ -1887,7 +1891,7 @@ def build_message_type(
         # Validate that fixed_array_size is only used in encode-only messages
         if (
             needs_decode
-            and field.label == 3
+            and field.label == FieldDescriptorProto.LABEL_REPEATED
             and get_field_opt(field, pb.fixed_array_size) is not None
         ):
             raise ValueError(
@@ -1900,7 +1904,7 @@ def build_message_type(
         # Validate that fixed_array_with_length_define is only used in encode-only messages
         if (
             needs_decode
-            and field.label == 3
+            and field.label == FieldDescriptorProto.LABEL_REPEATED
             and get_field_opt(field, pb.fixed_array_with_length_define) is not None
         ):
             raise ValueError(
@@ -1910,6 +1914,14 @@ def build_message_type(
                 f"since we cannot trust or control the number of items received from clients."
             )
 
+        # Collect fixed_vector repeated fields for custom decode generation
+        if (
+            needs_decode
+            and field.label == FieldDescriptorProto.LABEL_REPEATED
+            and get_field_opt(field, pb.fixed_vector, False)
+        ):
+            fixed_vector_fields.append((field.name, field.number))
+
         ti = create_field_type_info(field, needs_decode, needs_encode)
 
         # Skip field declarations for fields that are in the base class
@@ -2018,6 +2030,22 @@ def build_message_type(
         prot = "bool decode_64bit(uint32_t field_id, Proto64Bit value) override;"
         protected_content.insert(0, prot)
 
+    # Generate custom decode() override for messages with FixedVector fields
+    if fixed_vector_fields:
+        # Generate the decode() implementation in cpp
+        o = f"void {desc.name}::decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) {{\n"
+        # Count and init each FixedVector field
+        for field_name, field_number in fixed_vector_fields:
+            o += f"  uint32_t count_{field_name} = ProtoDecodableMessage::count_repeated_field(buffer, length, {field_number});\n"
+            o += f"  this->{field_name}.init(count_{field_name});\n"
+        # Call parent decode to populate the fields
+        o += "  ProtoDecodableMessage::decode(buffer, length);\n"
+        o += "}\n"
+        cpp += o
+        # Generate the decode() declaration in header (public method)
+        prot = "void decode(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t length) override;"
+        public_content.append(prot)
+
     # Only generate encode method if this message needs encoding and has fields
     if needs_encode and encode:
         o = f"void {desc.name}::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {{"

script/ci_helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""Common helper functions for CI scripts."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+
+
+def write_github_output(outputs: dict[str, str | int]) -> None:
+    """Write multiple outputs to GITHUB_OUTPUT or stdout.
+
+    When running in GitHub Actions, writes to the GITHUB_OUTPUT file.
+    When running locally, writes to stdout for debugging.
+
+    Args:
+        outputs: Dictionary of key-value pairs to write
+    """
+    github_output = os.environ.get("GITHUB_OUTPUT")
+    if github_output:
+        with open(github_output, "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.writelines(f"{key}={value}\n" for key, value in outputs.items())
+    else:
+        for key, value in outputs.items():
+            print(f"{key}={value}")

script/ci_memory_impact_comment.py

@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Post or update a PR comment with memory impact analysis results.
+
+This script creates or updates a GitHub PR comment with memory usage changes.
+It uses the GitHub CLI (gh) to manage comments and maintains a single comment
+that gets updated on subsequent runs.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
+
+# Add esphome to path for analyze_memory import
+sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
+
+# pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+
+# Comment marker to identify our memory impact comments
+COMMENT_MARKER = "<!-- esphome-memory-impact-analysis -->"
+
+# Thresholds for emoji significance indicators (percentage)
+OVERALL_CHANGE_THRESHOLD = 1.0  # Overall RAM/Flash changes
+COMPONENT_CHANGE_THRESHOLD = 3.0  # Component breakdown changes
+
+# Display limits for tables
+MAX_COMPONENT_BREAKDOWN_ROWS = 20  # Maximum components to show in breakdown table
+MAX_CHANGED_SYMBOLS_ROWS = 30  # Maximum changed symbols to show
+MAX_NEW_SYMBOLS_ROWS = 15  # Maximum new symbols to show
+MAX_REMOVED_SYMBOLS_ROWS = 15  # Maximum removed symbols to show
+
+# Symbol display formatting
+SYMBOL_DISPLAY_MAX_LENGTH = 100  # Max length before using <details> tag
+SYMBOL_DISPLAY_TRUNCATE_LENGTH = 97  # Length to truncate in summary
+
+# Component change noise threshold
+COMPONENT_CHANGE_NOISE_THRESHOLD = 2  # Ignore component changes ≤ this many bytes
+
+# Template directory
+TEMPLATE_DIR = Path(__file__).parent / "templates"
+
+
+def load_analysis_json(json_path: str) -> dict | None:
+    """Load memory analysis results from JSON file.
+
+    Args:
+        json_path: Path to analysis JSON file
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary with analysis results or None if file doesn't exist/can't be loaded
+    """
+    json_file = Path(json_path)
+    if not json_file.exists():
+        print(f"Analysis JSON not found: {json_path}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        with open(json_file, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError) as e:
+        print(f"Failed to load analysis JSON: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return None
+
+
+def format_bytes(bytes_value: int) -> str:
+    """Format bytes value with comma separators.
+
+    Args:
+        bytes_value: Number of bytes
+
+    Returns:
+        Formatted string with comma separators (e.g., "1,234 bytes")
+    """
+    return f"{bytes_value:,} bytes"
+
+
+def format_change(before: int, after: int, threshold: float | None = None) -> str:
+    """Format memory change with delta and percentage.
+
+    Args:
+        before: Memory usage before change (in bytes)
+        after: Memory usage after change (in bytes)
+        threshold: Optional percentage threshold for "significant" change.
+                   If provided, adds supplemental emoji (🎉/🚨/🔸/✅) to chart icons.
+                   If None, only shows chart icons (📈/📉/➡️).
+
+    Returns:
+        Formatted string with delta and percentage
+    """
+    delta = after - before
+    percentage = 0.0 if before == 0 else (delta / before) * 100
+
+    # Always use chart icons to show direction
+    if delta > 0:
+        delta_str = f"+{delta:,} bytes"
+        trend_icon = "📈"
+        # Add supplemental emoji based on threshold if provided
+        if threshold is not None:
+            significance = "🚨" if abs(percentage) > threshold else "🔸"
+            emoji = f"{trend_icon} {significance}"
+        else:
+            emoji = trend_icon
+    elif delta < 0:
+        delta_str = f"{delta:,} bytes"
+        trend_icon = "📉"
+        # Add supplemental emoji based on threshold if provided
+        if threshold is not None:
+            significance = "🎉" if abs(percentage) > threshold else "✅"
+            emoji = f"{trend_icon} {significance}"
+        else:
+            emoji = trend_icon
+    else:
+        delta_str = "+0 bytes"
+        emoji = "➡️"
+
+    # Format percentage with sign
+    if percentage > 0:
+        pct_str = f"+{percentage:.2f}%"
+    elif percentage < 0:
+        pct_str = f"{percentage:.2f}%"
+    else:
+        pct_str = "0.00%"
+
+    return f"{emoji} {delta_str} ({pct_str})"
+
+
+def prepare_symbol_changes_data(
+    target_symbols: dict | None, pr_symbols: dict | None
+) -> dict | None:
+    """Prepare symbol changes data for template rendering.
+
+    Args:
+        target_symbols: Symbol name to size mapping for target branch
+        pr_symbols: Symbol name to size mapping for PR branch
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary with changed, new, and removed symbols, or None if no changes
+    """
+    if not target_symbols or not pr_symbols:
+        return None
+
+    # Find all symbols that exist in both branches or only in one
+    all_symbols = set(target_symbols.keys()) | set(pr_symbols.keys())
+
+    # Track changes
+    changed_symbols: list[
+        tuple[str, int, int, int]
+    ] = []  # (symbol, target_size, pr_size, delta)
+    new_symbols: list[tuple[str, int]] = []  # (symbol, size)
+    removed_symbols: list[tuple[str, int]] = []  # (symbol, size)
+
+    for symbol in all_symbols:
+        target_size = target_symbols.get(symbol, 0)
+        pr_size = pr_symbols.get(symbol, 0)
+
+        if target_size == 0 and pr_size > 0:
+            # New symbol
+            new_symbols.append((symbol, pr_size))
+        elif target_size > 0 and pr_size == 0:
+            # Removed symbol
+            removed_symbols.append((symbol, target_size))
+        elif target_size != pr_size:
+            # Changed symbol
+            delta = pr_size - target_size
+            changed_symbols.append((symbol, target_size, pr_size, delta))
+
+    if not changed_symbols and not new_symbols and not removed_symbols:
+        return None
+
+    # Sort by size/delta
+    changed_symbols.sort(key=lambda x: abs(x[3]), reverse=True)
+    new_symbols.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
+    removed_symbols.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
+
+    return {
+        "changed_symbols": changed_symbols,
+        "new_symbols": new_symbols,
+        "removed_symbols": removed_symbols,
+    }
+
+
+def prepare_component_breakdown_data(
+    target_analysis: dict | None, pr_analysis: dict | None
+) -> list[tuple[str, int, int, int]] | None:
+    """Prepare component breakdown data for template rendering.
+
+    Args:
+        target_analysis: Component memory breakdown for target branch
+        pr_analysis: Component memory breakdown for PR branch
+
+    Returns:
+        List of tuples (component, target_flash, pr_flash, delta), or None if no changes
+    """
+    if not target_analysis or not pr_analysis:
+        return None
+
+    # Combine all components from both analyses
+    all_components = set(target_analysis.keys()) | set(pr_analysis.keys())
+
+    # Filter to components that have changed (ignoring noise)
+    changed_components: list[
+        tuple[str, int, int, int]
+    ] = []  # (comp, target_flash, pr_flash, delta)
+    for comp in all_components:
+        target_mem = target_analysis.get(comp, {})
+        pr_mem = pr_analysis.get(comp, {})
+
+        target_flash = target_mem.get("flash_total", 0)
+        pr_flash = pr_mem.get("flash_total", 0)
+
+        # Only include if component has meaningful change (above noise threshold)
+        delta = pr_flash - target_flash
+        if abs(delta) > COMPONENT_CHANGE_NOISE_THRESHOLD:
+            changed_components.append((comp, target_flash, pr_flash, delta))
+
+    if not changed_components:
+        return None
+
+    # Sort by absolute delta (largest changes first)
+    changed_components.sort(key=lambda x: abs(x[3]), reverse=True)
+
+    return changed_components
+
+
+def create_comment_body(
+    components: list[str],
+    platform: str,
+    target_ram: int,
+    target_flash: int,
+    pr_ram: int,
+    pr_flash: int,
+    target_analysis: dict | None = None,
+    pr_analysis: dict | None = None,
+    target_symbols: dict | None = None,
+    pr_symbols: dict | None = None,
+    target_cache_hit: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """Create the comment body with memory impact analysis using Jinja2 templates.
+
+    Args:
+        components: List of component names (merged config)
+        platform: Platform name
+        target_ram: RAM usage in target branch
+        target_flash: Flash usage in target branch
+        pr_ram: RAM usage in PR branch
+        pr_flash: Flash usage in PR branch
+        target_analysis: Optional component breakdown for target branch
+        pr_analysis: Optional component breakdown for PR branch
+        target_symbols: Optional symbol map for target branch
+        pr_symbols: Optional symbol map for PR branch
+        target_cache_hit: Whether target branch analysis was loaded from cache
+
+    Returns:
+        Formatted comment body
+    """
+    # Set up Jinja2 environment
+    env = Environment(
+        loader=FileSystemLoader(TEMPLATE_DIR),
+        trim_blocks=True,
+        lstrip_blocks=True,
+    )
+
+    # Register custom filters
+    env.filters["format_bytes"] = format_bytes
+    env.filters["format_change"] = format_change
+
+    # Prepare template context
+    context = {
+        "comment_marker": COMMENT_MARKER,
+        "platform": platform,
+        "target_ram": format_bytes(target_ram),
+        "pr_ram": format_bytes(pr_ram),
+        "target_flash": format_bytes(target_flash),
+        "pr_flash": format_bytes(pr_flash),
+        "ram_change": format_change(
+            target_ram, pr_ram, threshold=OVERALL_CHANGE_THRESHOLD
+        ),
+        "flash_change": format_change(
+            target_flash, pr_flash, threshold=OVERALL_CHANGE_THRESHOLD
+        ),
+        "target_cache_hit": target_cache_hit,
+        "component_change_threshold": COMPONENT_CHANGE_THRESHOLD,
+    }
+
+    # Format components list
+    if len(components) == 1:
+        context["components_str"] = f"`{components[0]}`"
+        context["config_note"] = "a representative test configuration"
+    else:
+        context["components_str"] = ", ".join(f"`{c}`" for c in sorted(components))
+        context["config_note"] = (
+            f"a merged configuration with {len(components)} components"
+        )
+
+    # Prepare component breakdown if available
+    component_breakdown = ""
+    if target_analysis and pr_analysis:
+        changed_components = prepare_component_breakdown_data(
+            target_analysis, pr_analysis
+        )
+        if changed_components:
+            template = env.get_template("ci_memory_impact_component_breakdown.j2")
+            component_breakdown = template.render(
+                changed_components=changed_components,
+                format_bytes=format_bytes,
+                format_change=format_change,
+                component_change_threshold=COMPONENT_CHANGE_THRESHOLD,
+                max_rows=MAX_COMPONENT_BREAKDOWN_ROWS,
+            )
+
+    # Prepare symbol changes if available
+    symbol_changes = ""
+    if target_symbols and pr_symbols:
+        symbol_data = prepare_symbol_changes_data(target_symbols, pr_symbols)
+        if symbol_data:
+            template = env.get_template("ci_memory_impact_symbol_changes.j2")
+            symbol_changes = template.render(
+                **symbol_data,
+                format_bytes=format_bytes,
+                format_change=format_change,
+                max_changed_rows=MAX_CHANGED_SYMBOLS_ROWS,
+                max_new_rows=MAX_NEW_SYMBOLS_ROWS,
+                max_removed_rows=MAX_REMOVED_SYMBOLS_ROWS,
+                symbol_max_length=SYMBOL_DISPLAY_MAX_LENGTH,
+                symbol_truncate_length=SYMBOL_DISPLAY_TRUNCATE_LENGTH,
+            )
+
+    if not target_analysis or not pr_analysis:
+        print("No ELF files provided, skipping detailed analysis", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    context["component_breakdown"] = component_breakdown
+    context["symbol_changes"] = symbol_changes
+
+    # Render main template
+    template = env.get_template("ci_memory_impact_comment_template.j2")
+    return template.render(**context)
+
+
+def find_existing_comment(pr_number: str) -> str | None:
+    """Find existing memory impact comment on the PR.
+
+    Args:
+        pr_number: PR number
+
+    Returns:
+        Comment numeric ID if found, None otherwise
+
+    Raises:
+        subprocess.CalledProcessError: If gh command fails
+    """
+    print(f"DEBUG: Looking for existing comment on PR #{pr_number}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    # Use gh api to get comments directly - this returns the numeric id field
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            "gh",
+            "api",
+            f"/repos/{{owner}}/{{repo}}/issues/{pr_number}/comments",
+            "--jq",
+            ".[] | {id, body}",
+        ],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=True,
+    )
+
+    print(
+        f"DEBUG: gh api comments output (first 500 chars):\n{result.stdout[:500]}",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+
+    # Parse comments and look for our marker
+    comment_count = 0
+    for line in result.stdout.strip().split("\n"):
+        if not line:
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            comment = json.loads(line)
+            comment_count += 1
+            comment_id = comment.get("id")
+            print(
+                f"DEBUG: Checking comment {comment_count}: id={comment_id}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+
+            body = comment.get("body", "")
+            if COMMENT_MARKER in body:
+                print(
+                    f"DEBUG: Found existing comment with id={comment_id}",
+                    file=sys.stderr,
+                )
+                # Return the numeric id
+                return str(comment_id)
+            print("DEBUG: Comment does not contain marker", file=sys.stderr)
+        except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
+            print(f"DEBUG: JSON decode error: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+            continue
+
+    print(
+        f"DEBUG: No existing comment found (checked {comment_count} comments)",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    return None
+
+
+def update_existing_comment(comment_id: str, comment_body: str) -> None:
+    """Update an existing comment.
+
+    Args:
+        comment_id: Comment ID to update
+        comment_body: New comment body text
+
+    Raises:
+        subprocess.CalledProcessError: If gh command fails
+    """
+    print(f"DEBUG: Updating existing comment {comment_id}", file=sys.stderr)
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            "gh",
+            "api",
+            f"/repos/{{owner}}/{{repo}}/issues/comments/{comment_id}",
+            "-X",
+            "PATCH",
+            "-f",
+            f"body={comment_body}",
+        ],
+        check=True,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    print(f"DEBUG: Update response: {result.stdout}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def create_new_comment(pr_number: str, comment_body: str) -> None:
+    """Create a new PR comment.
+
+    Args:
+        pr_number: PR number
+        comment_body: Comment body text
+
+    Raises:
+        subprocess.CalledProcessError: If gh command fails
+    """
+    print(f"DEBUG: Posting new comment on PR #{pr_number}", file=sys.stderr)
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["gh", "pr", "comment", pr_number, "--body", comment_body],
+        check=True,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    print(f"DEBUG: Post response: {result.stdout}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def post_or_update_comment(pr_number: str, comment_body: str) -> None:
+    """Post a new comment or update existing one.
+
+    Args:
+        pr_number: PR number
+        comment_body: Comment body text
+
+    Raises:
+        subprocess.CalledProcessError: If gh command fails
+    """
+    # Look for existing comment
+    existing_comment_id = find_existing_comment(pr_number)
+
+    if existing_comment_id and existing_comment_id != "None":
+        update_existing_comment(existing_comment_id, comment_body)
+    else:
+        create_new_comment(pr_number, comment_body)
+
+    print("Comment posted/updated successfully", file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    """Main entry point."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Post or update PR comment with memory impact analysis"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--pr-number", required=True, help="PR number")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--components",
+        required=True,
+        help='JSON array of component names (e.g., \'["api", "wifi"]\')',
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--platform", required=True, help="Platform name")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--target-ram", type=int, required=True, help="Target branch RAM usage"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--target-flash", type=int, required=True, help="Target branch flash usage"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--pr-ram", type=int, required=True, help="PR branch RAM usage")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pr-flash", type=int, required=True, help="PR branch flash usage"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--target-json",
+        help="Optional path to target branch analysis JSON (for detailed analysis)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pr-json",
+        help="Optional path to PR branch analysis JSON (for detailed analysis)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--target-cache-hit",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Indicates that target branch analysis was loaded from cache",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    # Parse components from JSON
+    try:
+        components = json.loads(args.components)
+        if not isinstance(components, list):
+            print("Error: --components must be a JSON array", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
+        print(f"Error parsing --components JSON: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Load analysis JSON files
+    target_analysis = None
+    pr_analysis = None
+    target_symbols = None
+    pr_symbols = None
+
+    if args.target_json:
+        target_data = load_analysis_json(args.target_json)
+        if target_data and target_data.get("detailed_analysis"):
+            target_analysis = target_data["detailed_analysis"].get("components")
+            target_symbols = target_data["detailed_analysis"].get("symbols")
+
+    if args.pr_json:
+        pr_data = load_analysis_json(args.pr_json)
+        if pr_data and pr_data.get("detailed_analysis"):
+            pr_analysis = pr_data["detailed_analysis"].get("components")
+            pr_symbols = pr_data["detailed_analysis"].get("symbols")
+
+    # Create comment body
+    # Note: Memory totals (RAM/Flash) are summed across all builds if multiple were run.
+    comment_body = create_comment_body(
+        components=components,
+        platform=args.platform,
+        target_ram=args.target_ram,
+        target_flash=args.target_flash,
+        pr_ram=args.pr_ram,
+        pr_flash=args.pr_flash,
+        target_analysis=target_analysis,
+        pr_analysis=pr_analysis,
+        target_symbols=target_symbols,
+        pr_symbols=pr_symbols,
+        target_cache_hit=args.target_cache_hit,
+    )
+
+    # Post or update comment
+    post_or_update_comment(args.pr_number, comment_body)
+
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

script/ci_memory_impact_extract.py

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Extract memory usage statistics from ESPHome build output.
+
+This script parses the PlatformIO build output to extract RAM and flash
+usage statistics for a compiled component. It's used by the CI workflow to
+compare memory usage between branches.
+
+The script reads compile output from stdin and looks for the standard
+PlatformIO output format:
+    RAM:   [====      ]  36.1% (used 29548 bytes from 81920 bytes)
+    Flash: [===       ]  34.0% (used 348511 bytes from 1023984 bytes)
+
+Optionally performs detailed memory analysis if a build directory is provided.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import sys
+
+# Add esphome to path
+sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
+
+# pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+from esphome.analyze_memory import MemoryAnalyzer
+from esphome.platformio_api import IDEData
+from script.ci_helpers import write_github_output
+
+# Regex patterns for extracting memory usage from PlatformIO output
+_RAM_PATTERN = re.compile(r"RAM:\s+\[.*?\]\s+\d+\.\d+%\s+\(used\s+(\d+)\s+bytes")
+_FLASH_PATTERN = re.compile(r"Flash:\s+\[.*?\]\s+\d+\.\d+%\s+\(used\s+(\d+)\s+bytes")
+_BUILD_PATH_PATTERN = re.compile(r"Build path: (.+)")
+
+
+def extract_from_compile_output(
+    output_text: str,
+) -> tuple[int | None, int | None, str | None]:
+    """Extract memory usage and build directory from PlatformIO compile output.
+
+    Supports multiple builds (for component groups or isolated components).
+    When test_build_components.py creates multiple builds, this sums the
+    memory usage across all builds.
+
+    Looks for lines like:
+        RAM:   [====      ]  36.1% (used 29548 bytes from 81920 bytes)
+        Flash: [===       ]  34.0% (used 348511 bytes from 1023984 bytes)
+
+    Also extracts build directory from lines like:
+        INFO Compiling app... Build path: /path/to/build
+
+    Args:
+        output_text: Compile output text (may contain multiple builds)
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (total_ram_bytes, total_flash_bytes, build_dir) or (None, None, None) if not found
+    """
+    # Find all RAM and Flash matches (may be multiple builds)
+    ram_matches = _RAM_PATTERN.findall(output_text)
+    flash_matches = _FLASH_PATTERN.findall(output_text)
+
+    if not ram_matches or not flash_matches:
+        return None, None, None
+
+    # Sum all builds (handles multiple component groups)
+    total_ram = sum(int(match) for match in ram_matches)
+    total_flash = sum(int(match) for match in flash_matches)
+
+    # Extract build directory from ESPHome's explicit build path output
+    # Look for: INFO Compiling app... Build path: /path/to/build
+    # Note: Multiple builds reuse the same build path (each overwrites the previous)
+    build_dir = None
+    if match := _BUILD_PATH_PATTERN.search(output_text):
+        build_dir = match.group(1).strip()
+
+    return total_ram, total_flash, build_dir
+
+
+def run_detailed_analysis(build_dir: str) -> dict | None:
+    """Run detailed memory analysis on build directory.
+
+    Args:
+        build_dir: Path to ESPHome build directory
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary with analysis results or None if analysis fails
+    """
+    build_path = Path(build_dir)
+    if not build_path.exists():
+        print(f"Build directory not found: {build_dir}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return None
+
+    # Find firmware.elf
+    elf_path = None
+    for elf_candidate in [
+        build_path / "firmware.elf",
+        build_path / ".pioenvs" / build_path.name / "firmware.elf",
+    ]:
+        if elf_candidate.exists():
+            elf_path = str(elf_candidate)
+            break
+
+    if not elf_path:
+        print(f"firmware.elf not found in {build_dir}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return None
+
+    # Find idedata.json - check multiple locations
+    device_name = build_path.name
+    idedata_candidates = [
+        # In .pioenvs for test builds
+        build_path / ".pioenvs" / device_name / "idedata.json",
+        # In .esphome/idedata for regular builds
+        Path.home() / ".esphome" / "idedata" / f"{device_name}.json",
+        # Check parent directories for .esphome/idedata (for test_build_components)
+        build_path.parent.parent.parent / "idedata" / f"{device_name}.json",
+    ]
+
+    idedata = None
+    for idedata_path in idedata_candidates:
+        if not idedata_path.exists():
+            continue
+        try:
+            with open(idedata_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                raw_data = json.load(f)
+            idedata = IDEData(raw_data)
+            print(f"Loaded idedata from: {idedata_path}", file=sys.stderr)
+            break
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError) as e:
+            print(
+                f"Warning: Failed to load idedata from {idedata_path}: {e}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+
+    analyzer = MemoryAnalyzer(elf_path, idedata=idedata)
+    components = analyzer.analyze()
+
+    # Convert to JSON-serializable format
+    result = {
+        "components": {
+            name: {
+                "text": mem.text_size,
+                "rodata": mem.rodata_size,
+                "data": mem.data_size,
+                "bss": mem.bss_size,
+                "flash_total": mem.flash_total,
+                "ram_total": mem.ram_total,
+                "symbol_count": mem.symbol_count,
+            }
+            for name, mem in components.items()
+        },
+        "symbols": {},
+    }
+
+    # Build symbol map
+    for section in analyzer.sections.values():
+        for symbol_name, size, _ in section.symbols:
+            if size > 0:
+                demangled = analyzer._demangle_symbol(symbol_name)
+                result["symbols"][demangled] = size
+
+    return result
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    """Main entry point."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Extract memory usage from ESPHome build output"
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output-env",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Output to GITHUB_OUTPUT environment file",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--build-dir",
+        help="Optional build directory for detailed memory analysis (overrides auto-detection)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output-json",
+        help="Optional path to save detailed analysis JSON",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output-build-dir",
+        help="Optional path to write the detected build directory",
+    )
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    # Read compile output from stdin
+    compile_output = sys.stdin.read()
+
+    # Extract memory usage and build directory
+    ram_bytes, flash_bytes, detected_build_dir = extract_from_compile_output(
+        compile_output
+    )
+
+    if ram_bytes is None or flash_bytes is None:
+        print("Failed to extract memory usage from compile output", file=sys.stderr)
+        print("Expected lines like:", file=sys.stderr)
+        print(
+            "  RAM:   [====      ]  36.1% (used 29548 bytes from 81920 bytes)",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        print(
+            "  Flash: [===       ]  34.0% (used 348511 bytes from 1023984 bytes)",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    # Count how many builds were found
+    num_builds = len(_RAM_PATTERN.findall(compile_output))
+
+    if num_builds > 1:
+        print(
+            f"Found {num_builds} builds - summing memory usage across all builds",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        print(
+            "WARNING: Detailed analysis will only cover the last build",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+
+    print(f"Total RAM: {ram_bytes} bytes", file=sys.stderr)
+    print(f"Total Flash: {flash_bytes} bytes", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    # Determine which build directory to use (explicit arg overrides auto-detection)
+    build_dir = args.build_dir or detected_build_dir
+
+    if detected_build_dir:
+        print(f"Detected build directory: {detected_build_dir}", file=sys.stderr)
+        if num_builds > 1:
+            print(
+                f"  (using last of {num_builds} builds for detailed analysis)",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+
+    # Write build directory to file if requested
+    if args.output_build_dir and build_dir:
+        build_dir_path = Path(args.output_build_dir)
+        build_dir_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        build_dir_path.write_text(build_dir)
+        print(f"Wrote build directory to {args.output_build_dir}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    # Run detailed analysis if build directory available
+    detailed_analysis = None
+    if build_dir:
+        print(f"Running detailed analysis on {build_dir}", file=sys.stderr)
+        detailed_analysis = run_detailed_analysis(build_dir)
+
+    # Save JSON output if requested
+    if args.output_json:
+        output_data = {
+            "ram_bytes": ram_bytes,
+            "flash_bytes": flash_bytes,
+            "detailed_analysis": detailed_analysis,
+        }
+
+        output_path = Path(args.output_json)
+        output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            json.dump(output_data, f, indent=2)
+        print(f"Saved analysis to {args.output_json}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    if args.output_env:
+        # Output to GitHub Actions
+        write_github_output(
+            {
+                "ram_usage": ram_bytes,
+                "flash_usage": flash_bytes,
+            }
+        )
+    else:
+        print(f"{ram_bytes},{flash_bytes}")
+
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

script/determine-jobs.py

@@ -10,7 +10,13 @@ what files have changed. It outputs JSON with the following structure:
   "clang_format": true/false,
   "python_linters": true/false,
   "changed_components": ["component1", "component2", ...],
-  "component_test_count": 5
+  "component_test_count": 5,
+  "memory_impact": {
+    "should_run": "true/false",
+    "components": ["component1", "component2", ...],
+    "platform": "esp32-idf",
+    "use_merged_config": "true"
+  }
 }
 
 The CI workflow uses this information to:
@@ -20,6 +26,7 @@ The CI workflow uses this information to:
 - Skip or run Python linters (ruff, flake8, pylint, pyupgrade)
 - Determine which components to test individually
 - Decide how to split component tests (if there are many)
+- Run memory impact analysis whenever there are changed components (merged config), and also for core-only changes
 
 Usage:
   python script/determine-jobs.py [-b BRANCH]
@@ -31,6 +38,8 @@ Options:
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import argparse
+from collections import Counter
+from enum import StrEnum
 from functools import cache
 import json
 import os
@@ -40,16 +49,47 @@ import sys
 from typing import Any
 
 from helpers import (
+    BASE_BUS_COMPONENTS,
     CPP_FILE_EXTENSIONS,
-    ESPHOME_COMPONENTS_PATH,
     PYTHON_FILE_EXTENSIONS,
     changed_files,
     get_all_dependencies,
+    get_component_from_path,
+    get_component_test_files,
     get_components_from_integration_fixtures,
+    parse_test_filename,
     root_path,
 )
 
 
+class Platform(StrEnum):
+    """Platform identifiers for memory impact analysis."""
+
+    ESP8266_ARD = "esp8266-ard"
+    ESP32_IDF = "esp32-idf"
+    ESP32_C3_IDF = "esp32-c3-idf"
+    ESP32_C6_IDF = "esp32-c6-idf"
+    ESP32_S2_IDF = "esp32-s2-idf"
+    ESP32_S3_IDF = "esp32-s3-idf"
+
+
+# Memory impact analysis constants
+MEMORY_IMPACT_FALLBACK_COMPONENT = "api"  # Representative component for core changes
+MEMORY_IMPACT_FALLBACK_PLATFORM = Platform.ESP32_IDF  # Most representative platform
+
+# Platform preference order for memory impact analysis
+# Prefer newer platforms first as they represent the future of ESPHome
+# ESP8266 is most constrained but many new features don't support it
+MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE = [
+    Platform.ESP32_C6_IDF,  # ESP32-C6 IDF (newest, supports Thread/Zigbee)
+    Platform.ESP8266_ARD,  # ESP8266 Arduino (most memory constrained - best for impact analysis)
+    Platform.ESP32_IDF,  # ESP32 IDF platform (primary ESP32 platform, most representative)
+    Platform.ESP32_C3_IDF,  # ESP32-C3 IDF
+    Platform.ESP32_S2_IDF,  # ESP32-S2 IDF
+    Platform.ESP32_S3_IDF,  # ESP32-S3 IDF
+]
+
+
 def should_run_integration_tests(branch: str | None = None) -> bool:
     """Determine if integration tests should run based on changed files.
 
@@ -105,12 +145,9 @@ def should_run_integration_tests(branch: str | None = None) -> bool:
 
     # Check if any required components changed
     for file in files:
-        if file.startswith(ESPHOME_COMPONENTS_PATH):
-            parts = file.split("/")
-            if len(parts) >= 3:
-                component = parts[2]
-                if component in all_required_components:
-                    return True
+        component = get_component_from_path(file)
+        if component and component in all_required_components:
+            return True
 
     return False
 
@@ -224,10 +261,136 @@ def _component_has_tests(component: str) -> bool:
     Returns:
         True if the component has test YAML files
     """
-    tests_dir = Path(root_path) / "tests" / "components" / component
-    if not tests_dir.exists():
-        return False
-    return any(tests_dir.glob("test.*.yaml"))
+    return bool(get_component_test_files(component))
+
+
+def detect_memory_impact_config(
+    branch: str | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Determine memory impact analysis configuration.
+
+    Always runs memory impact analysis when there are changed components,
+    building a merged configuration with all changed components (like
+    test_build_components.py does) to get comprehensive memory analysis.
+
+    Args:
+        branch: Branch to compare against
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary with memory impact analysis parameters:
+        - should_run: "true" or "false"
+        - components: list of component names to analyze
+        - platform: platform name for the merged build
+        - use_merged_config: "true" (always use merged config)
+    """
+
+    # Get actually changed files (not dependencies)
+    files = changed_files(branch)
+
+    # Find all changed components (excluding core and base bus components)
+    changed_component_set: set[str] = set()
+    has_core_changes = False
+
+    for file in files:
+        component = get_component_from_path(file)
+        if component:
+            # Skip base bus components as they're used across many builds
+            if component not in BASE_BUS_COMPONENTS:
+                changed_component_set.add(component)
+        elif file.startswith("esphome/"):
+            # Core ESPHome files changed (not component-specific)
+            has_core_changes = True
+
+    # If no components changed but core changed, test representative component
+    force_fallback_platform = False
+    if not changed_component_set and has_core_changes:
+        print(
+            f"Memory impact: No components changed, but core files changed. "
+            f"Testing {MEMORY_IMPACT_FALLBACK_COMPONENT} component on {MEMORY_IMPACT_FALLBACK_PLATFORM}.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        changed_component_set.add(MEMORY_IMPACT_FALLBACK_COMPONENT)
+        force_fallback_platform = True  # Use fallback platform (most representative)
+    elif not changed_component_set:
+        # No components and no core changes
+        return {"should_run": "false"}
+
+    # Find components that have tests and collect their supported platforms
+    components_with_tests: list[str] = []
+    component_platforms_map: dict[
+        str, set[Platform]
+    ] = {}  # Track which platforms each component supports
+
+    for component in sorted(changed_component_set):
+        # Look for test files on preferred platforms
+        test_files = get_component_test_files(component)
+        if not test_files:
+            continue
+
+        # Check if component has tests for any preferred platform
+        available_platforms = [
+            platform
+            for test_file in test_files
+            if (platform := parse_test_filename(test_file)[1]) != "all"
+            and platform in MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE
+        ]
+
+        if not available_platforms:
+            continue
+
+        component_platforms_map[component] = set(available_platforms)
+        components_with_tests.append(component)
+
+    # If no components have tests, don't run memory impact
+    if not components_with_tests:
+        return {"should_run": "false"}
+
+    # Find common platforms supported by ALL components
+    # This ensures we can build all components together in a merged config
+    common_platforms = set(MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE)
+    for component, platforms in component_platforms_map.items():
+        common_platforms &= platforms
+
+    # Select the most preferred platform from the common set
+    # Exception: for core changes, use fallback platform (most representative of codebase)
+    if force_fallback_platform:
+        platform = MEMORY_IMPACT_FALLBACK_PLATFORM
+    elif common_platforms:
+        # Pick the most preferred platform that all components support
+        platform = min(common_platforms, key=MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE.index)
+    else:
+        # No common platform - pick the most commonly supported platform
+        # This allows testing components individually even if they can't be merged
+        # Count how many components support each platform
+        platform_counts = Counter(
+            p for platforms in component_platforms_map.values() for p in platforms
+        )
+        # Pick the platform supported by most components, preferring earlier in MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE
+        platform = max(
+            platform_counts.keys(),
+            key=lambda p: (
+                platform_counts[p],
+                -MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE.index(p),
+            ),
+        )
+
+    # Debug output
+    print("Memory impact analysis:", file=sys.stderr)
+    print(f"  Changed components: {sorted(changed_component_set)}", file=sys.stderr)
+    print(f"  Components with tests: {components_with_tests}", file=sys.stderr)
+    print(
+        f"  Component platforms: {dict(sorted(component_platforms_map.items()))}",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    print(f"  Common platforms: {sorted(common_platforms)}", file=sys.stderr)
+    print(f"  Selected platform: {platform}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    return {
+        "should_run": "true",
+        "components": components_with_tests,
+        "platform": platform,
+        "use_merged_config": "true",
+    }
 
 
 def main() -> None:
@@ -279,6 +442,9 @@ def main() -> None:
         if component not in directly_changed_components
     ]
 
+    # Detect components for memory impact analysis (merged config)
+    memory_impact = detect_memory_impact_config(args.branch)
+
     # Build output
     output: dict[str, Any] = {
         "integration_tests": run_integration,
@@ -292,6 +458,7 @@ def main() -> None:
         "component_test_count": len(changed_components_with_tests),
         "directly_changed_count": len(directly_changed_with_tests),
         "dependency_only_count": len(dependency_only_components),
+        "memory_impact": memory_impact,
     }
 
     # Output as JSON

script/helpers.py

@@ -29,6 +29,18 @@ YAML_FILE_EXTENSIONS = (".yaml", ".yml")
 # Component path prefix
 ESPHOME_COMPONENTS_PATH = "esphome/components/"
 
+# Base bus components - these ARE the bus implementations and should not
+# be flagged as needing migration since they are the platform/base components
+BASE_BUS_COMPONENTS = {
+    "i2c",
+    "spi",
+    "uart",
+    "modbus",
+    "canbus",
+    "remote_transmitter",
+    "remote_receiver",
+}
+
 
 def parse_list_components_output(output: str) -> list[str]:
     """Parse the output from list-components.py script.
@@ -46,6 +58,65 @@ def parse_list_components_output(output: str) -> list[str]:
     return [c.strip() for c in output.strip().split("\n") if c.strip()]
 
 
+def parse_test_filename(test_file: Path) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Parse test filename to extract test name and platform.
+
+    Test files follow the naming pattern: test.<platform>.yaml or test-<variant>.<platform>.yaml
+
+    Args:
+        test_file: Path to test file
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (test_name, platform)
+    """
+    parts = test_file.stem.split(".")
+    if len(parts) == 2:
+        return parts[0], parts[1]  # test, platform
+    return parts[0], "all"
+
+
+def get_component_from_path(file_path: str) -> str | None:
+    """Extract component name from a file path.
+
+    Args:
+        file_path: Path to a file (e.g., "esphome/components/wifi/wifi.cpp")
+
+    Returns:
+        Component name if path is in components directory, None otherwise
+    """
+    if not file_path.startswith(ESPHOME_COMPONENTS_PATH):
+        return None
+    parts = file_path.split("/")
+    if len(parts) >= 3:
+        return parts[2]
+    return None
+
+
+def get_component_test_files(
+    component: str, *, all_variants: bool = False
+) -> list[Path]:
+    """Get test files for a component.
+
+    Args:
+        component: Component name (e.g., "wifi")
+        all_variants: If True, returns all test files including variants (test-*.yaml).
+                     If False, returns only base test files (test.*.yaml).
+                     Default is False.
+
+    Returns:
+        List of test file paths for the component, or empty list if none exist
+    """
+    tests_dir = Path(root_path) / "tests" / "components" / component
+    if not tests_dir.exists():
+        return []
+
+    if all_variants:
+        # Match both test.*.yaml and test-*.yaml patterns
+        return list(tests_dir.glob("test[.-]*.yaml"))
+    # Match only test.*.yaml (base tests)
+    return list(tests_dir.glob("test.*.yaml"))
+
+
 def styled(color: str | tuple[str, ...], msg: str, reset: bool = True) -> str:
     prefix = "".join(color) if isinstance(color, tuple) else color
     suffix = colorama.Style.RESET_ALL if reset else ""
@@ -314,11 +385,9 @@ def _filter_changed_ci(files: list[str]) -> list[str]:
     # because changes in one file can affect other files in the same component.
     filtered_files = []
     for f in files:
-        if f.startswith(ESPHOME_COMPONENTS_PATH):
-            # Check if file belongs to any of the changed components
-            parts = f.split("/")
-            if len(parts) >= 3 and parts[2] in component_set:
-                filtered_files.append(f)
+        component = get_component_from_path(f)
+        if component and component in component_set:
+            filtered_files.append(f)
 
     return filtered_files
 

script/list-components.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from collections.abc import Callable
 from pathlib import Path
 import sys
 
-from helpers import changed_files, git_ls_files
+from helpers import changed_files, get_component_from_path, git_ls_files
 
 from esphome.const import (
     KEY_CORE,
@@ -30,11 +30,9 @@ def get_all_component_files() -> list[str]:
 def extract_component_names_array_from_files_array(files):
     components = []
     for file in files:
-        file_parts = file.split("/")
-        if len(file_parts) >= 4:
-            component_name = file_parts[2]
-            if component_name not in components:
-                components.append(component_name)
+        component_name = get_component_from_path(file)
+        if component_name and component_name not in components:
+            components.append(component_name)
     return components
 
 
@@ -185,17 +183,20 @@ def main():
         "-c",
         "--changed",
         action="store_true",
-        help="List all components required for testing based on changes (includes dependencies)",
+        help="List all components with dependencies (used by clang-tidy). "
+        "When base test infrastructure changes, returns ALL components.",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--changed-direct",
         action="store_true",
-        help="List only directly changed components (without dependencies)",
+        help="List only directly changed components, ignoring infrastructure changes "
+        "(used by CI for isolation decisions)",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "--changed-with-deps",
         action="store_true",
-        help="Output JSON with both directly changed and all changed components",
+        help="Output JSON with both directly changed and all changed components "
+        "(with dependencies), ignoring infrastructure changes (used by CI for test determination)",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
         "-b", "--branch", help="Branch to compare changed files against"
@@ -213,12 +214,34 @@ def main():
         # When --changed* is passed, only get the changed files
         changed = changed_files(args.branch)
 
-        # If any base test file(s) changed, there's no need to filter out components
-        if any("tests/test_build_components" in file for file in changed):
-            # Need to get all component files
+        # If any base test file(s) changed, we need to check all components
+        # BUT only for --changed (used by clang-tidy for comprehensive checking)
+        # NOT for --changed-direct or --changed-with-deps (used by CI for targeted testing)
+        #
+        # Flag usage:
+        # - --changed: Used by clang-tidy (script/helpers.py get_changed_components)
+        #   Returns: All components with dependencies when base test files change
+        #   Reason: Test infrastructure changes may affect any component
+        #
+        # - --changed-direct: Used by CI isolation (script/determine-jobs.py)
+        #   Returns: Only components with actual code changes (not infrastructure)
+        #   Reason: Only directly changed components need isolated testing
+        #
+        # - --changed-with-deps: Used by CI test determination (script/determine-jobs.py)
+        #   Returns: Components with code changes + their dependencies (not infrastructure)
+        #   Reason: CI needs to test changed components and their dependents
+        base_test_changed = any(
+            "tests/test_build_components" in file for file in changed
+        )
+
+        if base_test_changed and not args.changed_direct and not args.changed_with_deps:
+            # Base test infrastructure changed - load all component files
+            # This is for --changed (clang-tidy) which needs comprehensive checking
             files = get_all_component_files()
         else:
-            # Only look at changed component files
+            # Only look at changed component files (ignore infrastructure changes)
+            # For --changed-direct: only actual component code changes matter (for isolation)
+            # For --changed-with-deps: only actual component code changes matter (for testing)
             files = [f for f in changed if filter_component_files(f)]
     else:
         # Get all component files

script/merge_component_configs.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ The merger handles:
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import argparse
+from functools import lru_cache
 from pathlib import Path
 import re
 import sys
@@ -28,6 +29,10 @@ from esphome import yaml_util
 from esphome.config_helpers import merge_config
 from script.analyze_component_buses import PACKAGE_DEPENDENCIES, get_common_bus_packages
 
+# Prefix for dependency markers in package tracking
+# Used to mark packages that are included transitively (e.g., uart via modbus)
+DEPENDENCY_MARKER_PREFIX = "_dep_"
+
 
 def load_yaml_file(yaml_file: Path) -> dict:
     """Load YAML file using ESPHome's YAML loader.
@@ -44,6 +49,34 @@ def load_yaml_file(yaml_file: Path) -> dict:
     return yaml_util.load_yaml(yaml_file)
 
 
+@lru_cache(maxsize=256)
+def get_component_packages(
+    component_name: str, platform: str, tests_dir_str: str
+) -> dict:
+    """Get packages dict from a component's test file with caching.
+
+    This function is cached to avoid re-loading and re-parsing the same file
+    multiple times when extracting packages during cross-bus merging.
+
+    Args:
+        component_name: Name of the component
+        platform: Platform name (e.g., "esp32-idf")
+        tests_dir_str: String path to tests/components directory (must be string for cache hashability)
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary with 'packages' key containing the raw packages dict from the YAML,
+        or empty dict if no packages section exists
+    """
+    tests_dir = Path(tests_dir_str)
+    test_file = tests_dir / component_name / f"test.{platform}.yaml"
+    comp_data = load_yaml_file(test_file)
+
+    if "packages" not in comp_data or not isinstance(comp_data["packages"], dict):
+        return {}
+
+    return comp_data["packages"]
+
+
 def extract_packages_from_yaml(data: dict) -> dict[str, str]:
     """Extract COMMON BUS package includes from parsed YAML.
 
@@ -82,7 +115,7 @@ def extract_packages_from_yaml(data: dict) -> dict[str, str]:
             if dep not in common_bus_packages:
                 continue
             # Mark as included via dependency
-            packages[f"_dep_{dep}"] = f"(included via {name})"
+            packages[f"{DEPENDENCY_MARKER_PREFIX}{dep}"] = f"(included via {name})"
 
     return packages
 
@@ -195,6 +228,9 @@ def merge_component_configs(
     # Start with empty config
     merged_config_data = {}
 
+    # Convert tests_dir to string for caching
+    tests_dir_str = str(tests_dir)
+
     # Process each component
     for comp_name in component_names:
         comp_dir = tests_dir / comp_name
@@ -206,26 +242,29 @@ def merge_component_configs(
         # Load the component's test file
         comp_data = load_yaml_file(test_file)
 
-        # Validate packages are compatible
-        # Components with no packages (no_buses) can merge with any group
+        # Merge packages from all components (cross-bus merging)
+        # Components can have different packages (e.g., one with ble, another with uart)
+        # as long as they don't conflict (checked by are_buses_compatible before calling this)
         comp_packages = extract_packages_from_yaml(comp_data)
 
         if all_packages is None:
-            # First component - set the baseline
-            all_packages = comp_packages
-        elif not comp_packages:
-            # This component has no packages (no_buses) - it can merge with any group
-            pass
-        elif not all_packages:
-            # Previous components had no packages, but this one does - adopt these packages
-            all_packages = comp_packages
-        elif comp_packages != all_packages:
-            # Both have packages but they differ - this is an error
-            raise ValueError(
-                f"Component {comp_name} has different packages than previous components. "
-                f"Expected: {all_packages}, Got: {comp_packages}. "
-                f"All components must use the same common bus configs to be merged."
-            )
+            # First component - initialize package dict
+            all_packages = comp_packages if comp_packages else {}
+        elif comp_packages:
+            # Merge packages - combine all unique package types
+            # If both have the same package type, verify they're identical
+            for pkg_name, pkg_config in comp_packages.items():
+                if pkg_name in all_packages:
+                    # Same package type - verify config matches
+                    if all_packages[pkg_name] != pkg_config:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            f"Component {comp_name} has conflicting config for package '{pkg_name}'. "
+                            f"Expected: {all_packages[pkg_name]}, Got: {pkg_config}. "
+                            f"Components with conflicting bus configs cannot be merged."
+                        )
+                else:
+                    # New package type - add it
+                    all_packages[pkg_name] = pkg_config
 
         # Handle $component_dir by replacing with absolute path
         # This allows components that use local file references to be grouped
@@ -287,26 +326,51 @@ def merge_component_configs(
         # merge_config handles list merging with ID-based deduplication automatically
         merged_config_data = merge_config(merged_config_data, comp_data)
 
-    # Add packages back (only once, since they're identical)
-    # IMPORTANT: Only re-add common bus packages (spi, i2c, uart, etc.)
+    # Add merged packages back (union of all component packages)
+    # IMPORTANT: Only include common bus packages (spi, i2c, uart, etc.)
     # Do NOT re-add component-specific packages as they contain unprefixed $component_dir refs
     if all_packages:
-        first_comp_data = load_yaml_file(
-            tests_dir / component_names[0] / f"test.{platform}.yaml"
-        )
-        if "packages" in first_comp_data and isinstance(
-            first_comp_data["packages"], dict
-        ):
-            # Filter to only include common bus packages
-            # Only dict format can contain common bus packages
-            common_bus_packages = get_common_bus_packages()
-            filtered_packages = {
-                name: value
-                for name, value in first_comp_data["packages"].items()
-                if name in common_bus_packages
-            }
-            if filtered_packages:
-                merged_config_data["packages"] = filtered_packages
+        # Build packages dict from merged all_packages
+        # all_packages is a dict mapping package_name -> str(package_value)
+        # We need to reconstruct the actual package values by loading them from any component
+        # Since packages with the same name must have identical configs (verified above),
+        # we can load the package value from the first component that has each package
+        common_bus_packages = get_common_bus_packages()
+        merged_packages: dict[str, Any] = {}
+
+        # Collect packages that are included as dependencies
+        # If modbus is present, uart is included via modbus.packages.uart
+        packages_to_skip: set[str] = set()
+        for pkg_name in all_packages:
+            if pkg_name.startswith(DEPENDENCY_MARKER_PREFIX):
+                # Extract the actual package name (remove _dep_ prefix)
+                dep_name = pkg_name[len(DEPENDENCY_MARKER_PREFIX) :]
+                packages_to_skip.add(dep_name)
+
+        for pkg_name in all_packages:
+            # Skip dependency markers
+            if pkg_name.startswith(DEPENDENCY_MARKER_PREFIX):
+                continue
+            # Skip non-common-bus packages
+            if pkg_name not in common_bus_packages:
+                continue
+            # Skip packages that are included as dependencies of other packages
+            # This prevents duplicate definitions (e.g., uart via modbus + uart separately)
+            if pkg_name in packages_to_skip:
+                continue
+
+            # Find a component that has this package and extract its value
+            # Uses cached lookup to avoid re-loading the same files
+            for comp_name in component_names:
+                comp_packages = get_component_packages(
+                    comp_name, platform, tests_dir_str
+                )
+                if pkg_name in comp_packages:
+                    merged_packages[pkg_name] = comp_packages[pkg_name]
+                    break
+
+        if merged_packages:
+            merged_config_data["packages"] = merged_packages
 
     # Deduplicate items with same ID (keeps first occurrence)
     merged_config_data = deduplicate_by_id(merged_config_data)

script/split_components_for_ci.py

@@ -22,10 +22,13 @@ sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
 
 from script.analyze_component_buses import (
     ISOLATED_COMPONENTS,
+    ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX,
     NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE,
     analyze_all_components,
     create_grouping_signature,
+    merge_compatible_bus_groups,
 )
+from script.helpers import get_component_test_files
 
 # Weighting for batch creation
 # Isolated components can't be grouped/merged, so they count as 10x
@@ -33,23 +36,22 @@ from script.analyze_component_buses import (
 ISOLATED_WEIGHT = 10
 GROUPABLE_WEIGHT = 1
 
+# Platform used for batching (platform-agnostic batching)
+# Batches are split across CI runners and each runner tests all platforms
+ALL_PLATFORMS = "all"
+
 
 def has_test_files(component_name: str, tests_dir: Path) -> bool:
     """Check if a component has test files.
 
     Args:
         component_name: Name of the component
-        tests_dir: Path to tests/components directory
+        tests_dir: Path to tests/components directory (unused, kept for compatibility)
 
     Returns:
         True if the component has test.*.yaml files
     """
-    component_dir = tests_dir / component_name
-    if not component_dir.exists() or not component_dir.is_dir():
-        return False
-
-    # Check for test.*.yaml files
-    return any(component_dir.glob("test.*.yaml"))
+    return bool(get_component_test_files(component_name))
 
 
 def create_intelligent_batches(
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
     tests_dir: Path,
     batch_size: int = 40,
     directly_changed: set[str] | None = None,
-) -> list[list[str]]:
+) -> tuple[list[list[str]], dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]]]:
     """Create batches optimized for component grouping.
 
     Args:
@@ -67,7 +69,9 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
         directly_changed: Set of directly changed components (for logging only)
 
     Returns:
-        List of component batches (lists of component names)
+        Tuple of (batches, signature_groups) where:
+        - batches: List of component batches (lists of component names)
+        - signature_groups: Dict mapping (platform, signature) to component lists
     """
     # Filter out components without test files
     # Platform components like 'climate' and 'climate_ir' don't have test files
@@ -91,8 +95,9 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
 
     # Group components by their bus signature ONLY (ignore platform)
     # All platforms will be tested by test_build_components.py for each batch
-    # Key: signature, Value: list of components
-    signature_groups: dict[str, list[str]] = defaultdict(list)
+    # Key: (platform, signature), Value: list of components
+    # We use ALL_PLATFORMS since batching is platform-agnostic
+    signature_groups: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]] = defaultdict(list)
 
     for component in components_with_tests:
         # Components that can't be grouped get unique signatures
@@ -107,7 +112,9 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
             or (directly_changed and component in directly_changed)
         )
         if is_isolated:
-            signature_groups[f"isolated_{component}"].append(component)
+            signature_groups[
+                (ALL_PLATFORMS, f"{ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX}{component}")
+            ].append(component)
             continue
 
         # Get signature from any platform (they should all have the same buses)
@@ -117,11 +124,17 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
             if buses:
                 signature = create_grouping_signature({platform: buses}, platform)
                 # Group by signature only - platform doesn't matter for batching
-                signature_groups[signature].append(component)
+                # Use ALL_PLATFORMS since we're batching across all platforms
+                signature_groups[(ALL_PLATFORMS, signature)].append(component)
                 break  # Only use first platform for grouping
         else:
             # No buses found for any platform - can be grouped together
-            signature_groups[NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE].append(component)
+            signature_groups[(ALL_PLATFORMS, NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE)].append(component)
+
+    # Merge compatible bus groups (cross-bus optimization)
+    # This allows components with different buses (ble + uart) to be batched together
+    # improving the efficiency of test_build_components.py grouping
+    signature_groups = merge_compatible_bus_groups(signature_groups)
 
     # Create batches by keeping signature groups together
     # Components with the same signature stay in the same batches
@@ -132,8 +145,8 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
     # 2. Sort groupable signatures by size (largest first)
     # 3. "no_buses" components CAN be grouped together
     def sort_key(item):
-        signature, components = item
-        is_isolated = signature.startswith("isolated_")
+        (_platform, signature), components = item
+        is_isolated = signature.startswith(ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX)
         # Put "isolated_*" last (1), groupable first (0)
         # Within each category, sort by size (largest first)
         return (is_isolated, -len(components))
@@ -149,8 +162,8 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
     current_batch = []
     current_weight = 0
 
-    for signature, group_components in sorted_groups:
-        is_isolated = signature.startswith("isolated_")
+    for (_platform, signature), group_components in sorted_groups:
+        is_isolated = signature.startswith(ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX)
         weight_per_component = ISOLATED_WEIGHT if is_isolated else GROUPABLE_WEIGHT
 
         for component in group_components:
@@ -169,7 +182,7 @@ def create_intelligent_batches(
     if current_batch:
         batches.append(current_batch)
 
-    return batches
+    return batches, signature_groups
 
 
 def main() -> int:
@@ -231,7 +244,7 @@ def main() -> int:
             return 1
 
     # Create intelligent batches
-    batches = create_intelligent_batches(
+    batches, signature_groups = create_intelligent_batches(
         components=components,
         tests_dir=args.tests_dir,
         batch_size=args.batch_size,
@@ -256,6 +269,58 @@ def main() -> int:
     # Re-analyze to get isolated component counts for summary
     _, non_groupable, _ = analyze_all_components(args.tests_dir)
 
+    # Show grouping details
+    print("\n=== Component Grouping Details ===", file=sys.stderr)
+    # Sort groups by signature for readability
+    groupable_groups = []
+    isolated_groups = []
+    for (platform, signature), group_comps in sorted(signature_groups.items()):
+        if signature.startswith(ISOLATED_SIGNATURE_PREFIX):
+            isolated_groups.append((signature, group_comps))
+        else:
+            groupable_groups.append((signature, group_comps))
+
+    if groupable_groups:
+        print(
+            f"\nGroupable signatures ({len(groupable_groups)} merged groups after cross-bus optimization):",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        for signature, group_comps in sorted(
+            groupable_groups, key=lambda x: (-len(x[1]), x[0])
+        ):
+            # Check if this is a merged signature (contains +)
+            is_merged = "+" in signature and signature != NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE
+            # Special handling for no_buses components
+            if signature == NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE:
+                print(
+                    f"  [{signature}]: {len(group_comps)} components (used as fillers across batches)",
+                    file=sys.stderr,
+                )
+            else:
+                merge_indicator = " [MERGED]" if is_merged else ""
+                print(
+                    f"  [{signature}]{merge_indicator}: {len(group_comps)} components",
+                    file=sys.stderr,
+                )
+            # Show first few components as examples
+            examples = ", ".join(sorted(group_comps)[:8])
+            if len(group_comps) > 8:
+                examples += f", ... (+{len(group_comps) - 8} more)"
+            print(f"    → {examples}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    if isolated_groups:
+        print(
+            f"\nIsolated components ({len(isolated_groups)} components - tested individually):",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        isolated_names = sorted(
+            [comp for _, comps in isolated_groups for comp in comps]
+        )
+        # Group isolated components for compact display
+        for i in range(0, len(isolated_names), 10):
+            chunk = isolated_names[i : i + 10]
+            print(f"  {', '.join(chunk)}", file=sys.stderr)
+
     # Count isolated vs groupable components
     all_batched_components = [comp for batch in batches for comp in batch]
     isolated_count = sum(

script/templates/ci_memory_impact_comment_template.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{{ comment_marker }}
+## Memory Impact Analysis
+
+**Components:** {{ components_str }}
+**Platform:** `{{ platform }}`
+
+| Metric | Target Branch | This PR | Change |
+|--------|--------------|---------|--------|
+| **RAM** | {{ target_ram }} | {{ pr_ram }} | {{ ram_change }} |
+| **Flash** | {{ target_flash }} | {{ pr_flash }} | {{ flash_change }} |
+{% if component_breakdown %}
+{{ component_breakdown }}
+{% endif %}
+{% if symbol_changes %}
+{{ symbol_changes }}
+{% endif %}
+{%- if target_cache_hit %}
+
+> ⚡ Target branch analysis was loaded from cache (build skipped for faster CI).
+{%- endif %}
+
+---
+> **Note:** This analysis measures **static RAM and Flash usage** only (compile-time allocation).
+> **Dynamic memory (heap)** cannot be measured automatically.
+> **⚠️ You must test this PR on a real device** to measure free heap and ensure no runtime memory issues.
+
+*This analysis runs automatically when components change. Memory usage is measured from {{ config_note }}.*

script/templates/ci_memory_impact_component_breakdown.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+<details open>
+<summary>📊 Component Memory Breakdown</summary>
+
+| Component | Target Flash | PR Flash | Change |
+|-----------|--------------|----------|--------|
+{% for comp, target_flash, pr_flash, delta in changed_components[:max_rows] -%}
+{% set threshold = component_change_threshold if comp.startswith("[esphome]") else none -%}
+| `{{ comp }}` | {{ target_flash|format_bytes }} | {{ pr_flash|format_bytes }} | {{ format_change(target_flash, pr_flash, threshold=threshold) }} |
+{% endfor -%}
+{% if changed_components|length > max_rows -%}
+| ... | ... | ... | *({{ changed_components|length - max_rows }} more components not shown)* |
+{% endif -%}
+
+</details>

script/templates/ci_memory_impact_macros.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{#- Macro for formatting symbol names in tables -#}
+{%- macro format_symbol(symbol, max_length, truncate_length) -%}
+{%- if symbol|length <= max_length -%}
+`{{ symbol }}`
+{%- else -%}
+<details><summary><code>{{ symbol[:truncate_length] }}...</code></summary><code>{{ symbol }}</code></details>
+{%- endif -%}
+{%- endmacro -%}

script/templates/ci_memory_impact_symbol_changes.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+{%- from 'ci_memory_impact_macros.j2' import format_symbol -%}
+
+<details>
+<summary>🔍 Symbol-Level Changes (click to expand)</summary>
+
+{% if changed_symbols %}
+
+### Changed Symbols
+
+| Symbol | Target Size | PR Size | Change |
+|--------|-------------|---------|--------|
+{% for symbol, target_size, pr_size, delta in changed_symbols[:max_changed_rows] -%}
+| {{ format_symbol(symbol, symbol_max_length, symbol_truncate_length) }} | {{ target_size|format_bytes }} | {{ pr_size|format_bytes }} | {{ format_change(target_size, pr_size) }} |
+{% endfor -%}
+{% if changed_symbols|length > max_changed_rows -%}
+| ... | ... | ... | *({{ changed_symbols|length - max_changed_rows }} more changed symbols not shown)* |
+{% endif -%}
+
+{% endif %}
+{% if new_symbols %}
+
+### New Symbols (top {{ max_new_rows }})
+
+| Symbol | Size |
+|--------|------|
+{% for symbol, size in new_symbols[:max_new_rows] -%}
+| {{ format_symbol(symbol, symbol_max_length, symbol_truncate_length) }} | {{ size|format_bytes }} |
+{% endfor -%}
+{% if new_symbols|length > max_new_rows -%}
+{% set total_new_size = new_symbols|sum(attribute=1) -%}
+| *{{ new_symbols|length - max_new_rows }} more new symbols...* | *Total: {{ total_new_size|format_bytes }}* |
+{% endif -%}
+
+{% endif %}
+{% if removed_symbols %}
+
+### Removed Symbols (top {{ max_removed_rows }})
+
+| Symbol | Size |
+|--------|------|
+{% for symbol, size in removed_symbols[:max_removed_rows] -%}
+| {{ format_symbol(symbol, symbol_max_length, symbol_truncate_length) }} | {{ size|format_bytes }} |
+{% endfor -%}
+{% if removed_symbols|length > max_removed_rows -%}
+{% set total_removed_size = removed_symbols|sum(attribute=1) -%}
+| *{{ removed_symbols|length - max_removed_rows }} more removed symbols...* | *Total: {{ total_removed_size|format_bytes }}* |
+{% endif -%}
+
+{% endif %}
+
+</details>

script/test_build_components.py

@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import argparse
 from collections import defaultdict
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 import hashlib
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
 import subprocess
 import sys
+import time
 
 # Add esphome to path
 sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
@@ -34,42 +36,61 @@ from script.analyze_component_buses import (
     analyze_all_components,
     create_grouping_signature,
     is_platform_component,
+    merge_compatible_bus_groups,
     uses_local_file_references,
 )
+from script.helpers import get_component_test_files
 from script.merge_component_configs import merge_component_configs
 
-# Platform-specific maximum group sizes
-# ESP8266 has limited IRAM and can't handle large component groups
-PLATFORM_MAX_GROUP_SIZE = {
-    "esp8266-ard": 10,  # ESP8266 Arduino has limited IRAM
-    "esp8266-idf": 10,  # ESP8266 IDF also has limited IRAM
-    # BK72xx now uses BK7252 board (1.62MB flash vs 1.03MB) - no limit needed
-    # Other platforms can handle larger groups
-}
+
+@dataclass
+class TestResult:
+    """Store information about a single test run."""
+
+    test_id: str
+    components: list[str]
+    platform: str
+    success: bool
+    duration: float
+    command: str = ""
+    test_type: str = "compile"  # "config" or "compile"
 
 
 def show_disk_space_if_ci(esphome_command: str) -> None:
     """Show disk space usage if running in CI during compile.
 
+    Only shows output during compilation (not config validation) since
+    disk space is only relevant when actually building firmware.
+
     Args:
         esphome_command: The esphome command being run (config/compile/clean)
     """
-    if os.environ.get("GITHUB_ACTIONS") and esphome_command == "compile":
-        print("\n" + "=" * 80)
-        print("Disk Space After Build:")
-        print("=" * 80)
-        subprocess.run(["df", "-h"], check=False)
-        print("=" * 80 + "\n")
+    # Only show disk space during compilation in CI
+    # Config validation doesn't build anything so disk space isn't relevant
+    if not os.environ.get("GITHUB_ACTIONS"):
+        return
+    if esphome_command != "compile":
+        return
+
+    print("\n" + "=" * 80)
+    print("Disk Space After Build:")
+    print("=" * 80)
+    # Use sys.stdout.flush() to ensure output appears immediately
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+    subprocess.run(["df", "-h"], check=False, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr)
+    print("=" * 80 + "\n")
+    sys.stdout.flush()
 
 
 def find_component_tests(
-    components_dir: Path, component_pattern: str = "*"
+    components_dir: Path, component_pattern: str = "*", base_only: bool = False
 ) -> dict[str, list[Path]]:
     """Find all component test files.
 
     Args:
         components_dir: Path to tests/components directory
         component_pattern: Glob pattern for component names
+        base_only: If True, only find base test files (test.*.yaml), not variant files (test-*.yaml)
 
     Returns:
         Dictionary mapping component name to list of test files
@@ -80,8 +101,10 @@ def find_component_tests(
         if not comp_dir.is_dir():
             continue
 
-        for test_file in comp_dir.glob("test.*.yaml"):
-            component_tests[comp_dir.name].append(test_file)
+        # Get test files using helper function
+        test_files = get_component_test_files(comp_dir.name, all_variants=not base_only)
+        if test_files:
+            component_tests[comp_dir.name] = test_files
 
     return dict(component_tests)
 
@@ -128,6 +151,140 @@ def get_platform_base_files(base_dir: Path) -> dict[str, list[Path]]:
     return dict(platform_files)
 
 
+def group_components_by_platform(
+    failed_results: list[TestResult],
+) -> dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]]:
+    """Group failed components by platform and test type for simplified reproduction commands.
+
+    Args:
+        failed_results: List of failed test results
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary mapping (platform, test_type) to list of component names
+    """
+    platform_components: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]] = {}
+    for result in failed_results:
+        key = (result.platform, result.test_type)
+        if key not in platform_components:
+            platform_components[key] = []
+        platform_components[key].extend(result.components)
+
+    # Remove duplicates and sort for each platform
+    return {
+        key: sorted(set(components)) for key, components in platform_components.items()
+    }
+
+
+def format_github_summary(test_results: list[TestResult]) -> str:
+    """Format test results as GitHub Actions job summary markdown.
+
+    Args:
+        test_results: List of all test results
+
+    Returns:
+        Markdown formatted summary string
+    """
+    # Separate results into passed and failed
+    passed_results = [r for r in test_results if r.success]
+    failed_results = [r for r in test_results if not r.success]
+
+    lines = []
+
+    # Header with emoji based on success/failure
+    if failed_results:
+        lines.append("## :x: Component Tests Failed\n")
+    else:
+        lines.append("## :white_check_mark: Component Tests Passed\n")
+
+    # Summary statistics
+    total_time = sum(r.duration for r in test_results)
+    # Determine test type from results (all should be the same)
+    test_type = test_results[0].test_type if test_results else "unknown"
+    lines.append(
+        f"**Results:** {len(passed_results)} passed, {len(failed_results)} failed\n"
+    )
+    lines.append(f"**Total time:** {total_time:.1f}s\n")
+    lines.append(f"**Test type:** `{test_type}`\n")
+
+    # Show failed tests if any
+    if failed_results:
+        lines.append("### Failed Tests\n")
+        lines.append("| Test | Components | Platform | Duration |\n")
+        lines.append("|------|-----------|----------|----------|\n")
+        for result in failed_results:
+            components_str = ", ".join(result.components)
+            lines.append(
+                f"| `{result.test_id}` | {components_str} | {result.platform} | {result.duration:.1f}s |\n"
+            )
+        lines.append("\n")
+
+        # Show simplified commands to reproduce failures
+        # Group all failed components by platform for a single command per platform
+        lines.append("<details>\n")
+        lines.append("<summary>Commands to reproduce failures</summary>\n\n")
+        lines.append("```bash\n")
+
+        # Generate one command per platform and test type
+        platform_components = group_components_by_platform(failed_results)
+        for platform, test_type in sorted(platform_components.keys()):
+            components_csv = ",".join(platform_components[(platform, test_type)])
+            lines.append(
+                f"script/test_build_components.py -c {components_csv} -t {platform} -e {test_type}\n"
+            )
+
+        lines.append("```\n")
+        lines.append("</details>\n")
+
+    # Show passed tests
+    if passed_results:
+        lines.append("### Passed Tests\n\n")
+        lines.append(f"{len(passed_results)} tests passed successfully\n")
+
+        # Separate grouped and individual tests
+        grouped_results = [r for r in passed_results if len(r.components) > 1]
+        individual_results = [r for r in passed_results if len(r.components) == 1]
+
+        if grouped_results:
+            lines.append("#### Grouped Tests\n")
+            lines.append("| Components | Platform | Count | Duration |\n")
+            lines.append("|-----------|----------|-------|----------|\n")
+            for result in grouped_results:
+                components_str = ", ".join(result.components)
+                lines.append(
+                    f"| {components_str} | {result.platform} | {len(result.components)} | {result.duration:.1f}s |\n"
+                )
+            lines.append("\n")
+
+        if individual_results:
+            lines.append("#### Individual Tests\n")
+            # Show first 10 individual tests with timing
+            if len(individual_results) <= 10:
+                lines.extend(
+                    f"- `{result.test_id}` - {result.duration:.1f}s\n"
+                    for result in individual_results
+                )
+            else:
+                lines.extend(
+                    f"- `{result.test_id}` - {result.duration:.1f}s\n"
+                    for result in individual_results[:10]
+                )
+                lines.append(f"\n...and {len(individual_results) - 10} more\n")
+            lines.append("\n")
+
+    return "".join(lines)
+
+
+def write_github_summary(test_results: list[TestResult]) -> None:
+    """Write GitHub Actions job summary with test results and timing.
+
+    Args:
+        test_results: List of all test results
+    """
+    summary_content = format_github_summary(test_results)
+    with open(os.environ["GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"], "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write(summary_content)
+
+
 def extract_platform_with_version(base_file: Path) -> str:
     """Extract platform with version from base filename.
 
@@ -151,7 +308,7 @@ def run_esphome_test(
     esphome_command: str,
     continue_on_fail: bool,
     use_testing_mode: bool = False,
-) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+) -> TestResult:
     """Run esphome test for a single component.
 
     Args:
@@ -166,7 +323,7 @@ def run_esphome_test(
         use_testing_mode: Whether to use --testing-mode flag
 
     Returns:
-        Tuple of (success status, command string)
+        TestResult object with test details and timing
     """
     test_name = test_file.stem.split(".")[0]
 
@@ -221,9 +378,13 @@ def run_esphome_test(
     if use_testing_mode:
         print("  (using --testing-mode)")
 
+    start_time = time.time()
+    test_id = f"{component}.{test_name}.{platform_with_version}"
+
     try:
         result = subprocess.run(cmd, check=False)
         success = result.returncode == 0
+        duration = time.time() - start_time
 
         # Show disk space after build in CI during compile
         show_disk_space_if_ci(esphome_command)
@@ -236,12 +397,30 @@ def run_esphome_test(
             print(cmd_str)
             print()
             raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(result.returncode, cmd)
-        return success, cmd_str
+
+        return TestResult(
+            test_id=test_id,
+            components=[component],
+            platform=platform_with_version,
+            success=success,
+            duration=duration,
+            command=cmd_str,
+            test_type=esphome_command,
+        )
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        duration = time.time() - start_time
         # Re-raise if we're not continuing on fail
         if not continue_on_fail:
             raise
-        return False, cmd_str
+        return TestResult(
+            test_id=test_id,
+            components=[component],
+            platform=platform_with_version,
+            success=False,
+            duration=duration,
+            command=cmd_str,
+            test_type=esphome_command,
+        )
 
 
 def run_grouped_test(
@@ -253,7 +432,7 @@ def run_grouped_test(
     tests_dir: Path,
     esphome_command: str,
     continue_on_fail: bool,
-) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+) -> TestResult:
     """Run esphome test for a group of components with shared bus configs.
 
     Args:
@@ -267,7 +446,7 @@ def run_grouped_test(
         continue_on_fail: Whether to continue on failure
 
     Returns:
-        Tuple of (success status, command string)
+        TestResult object with test details and timing
     """
     # Create merged config
     group_name = "_".join(components[:3])  # Use first 3 components for name
@@ -294,8 +473,17 @@ def run_grouped_test(
         print(f"Error merging configs for {components}: {e}")
         if not continue_on_fail:
             raise
-        # Return empty command string since we failed before building the command
-        return False, f"# Failed during config merge: {e}"
+        # Return TestResult for merge failure
+        test_id = f"GROUPED[{','.join(components)}].{platform_with_version}"
+        return TestResult(
+            test_id=test_id,
+            components=components,
+            platform=platform_with_version,
+            success=False,
+            duration=0.0,
+            command=f"# Failed during config merge: {e}",
+            test_type=esphome_command,
+        )
 
     # Create test file that includes merged config
     output_file = build_dir / f"test_{group_name}.{platform_with_version}.yaml"
@@ -334,9 +522,13 @@ def run_grouped_test(
     print(f"> [GROUPED: {components_str}] [{platform_with_version}]")
     print("  (using --testing-mode)")
 
+    start_time = time.time()
+    test_id = f"GROUPED[{','.join(components)}].{platform_with_version}"
+
     try:
         result = subprocess.run(cmd, check=False)
         success = result.returncode == 0
+        duration = time.time() - start_time
 
         # Show disk space after build in CI during compile
         show_disk_space_if_ci(esphome_command)
@@ -349,12 +541,30 @@ def run_grouped_test(
             print(cmd_str)
             print()
             raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(result.returncode, cmd)
-        return success, cmd_str
+
+        return TestResult(
+            test_id=test_id,
+            components=components,
+            platform=platform_with_version,
+            success=success,
+            duration=duration,
+            command=cmd_str,
+            test_type=esphome_command,
+        )
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        duration = time.time() - start_time
         # Re-raise if we're not continuing on fail
         if not continue_on_fail:
             raise
-        return False, cmd_str
+        return TestResult(
+            test_id=test_id,
+            components=components,
+            platform=platform_with_version,
+            success=False,
+            duration=duration,
+            command=cmd_str,
+            test_type=esphome_command,
+        )
 
 
 def run_grouped_component_tests(
@@ -366,7 +576,7 @@ def run_grouped_component_tests(
     esphome_command: str,
     continue_on_fail: bool,
     additional_isolated: set[str] | None = None,
-) -> tuple[set[tuple[str, str]], list[str], list[str], dict[str, str]]:
+) -> tuple[set[tuple[str, str]], list[TestResult]]:
     """Run grouped component tests.
 
     Args:
@@ -380,12 +590,10 @@ def run_grouped_component_tests(
         additional_isolated: Additional components to treat as isolated (not grouped)
 
     Returns:
-        Tuple of (tested_components, passed_tests, failed_tests, failed_commands)
+        Tuple of (tested_components, test_results)
     """
     tested_components = set()
-    passed_tests = []
-    failed_tests = []
-    failed_commands = {}  # Map test_id to command string
+    test_results = []
 
     # Group components by platform and bus signature
     grouped_components: dict[tuple[str, str], list[str]] = defaultdict(list)
@@ -462,6 +670,11 @@ def run_grouped_component_tests(
             if signature:
                 grouped_components[(platform, signature)].append(component)
 
+    # Merge groups with compatible buses (cross-bus grouping optimization)
+    # This allows mixing components with different buses (e.g., ble + uart)
+    # as long as they don't have conflicting configurations for the same bus type
+    grouped_components = merge_compatible_bus_groups(grouped_components)
+
     # Print detailed grouping plan
     print("\nGrouping Plan:")
     print("-" * 80)
@@ -560,28 +773,6 @@ def run_grouped_component_tests(
             # No other groups for this platform - keep no_buses components together
             grouped_components[(platform, NO_BUSES_SIGNATURE)] = no_buses_comps
 
-    # Split groups that exceed platform-specific maximum sizes
-    # ESP8266 has limited IRAM and can't handle large component groups
-    split_groups = {}
-    for (platform, signature), components in list(grouped_components.items()):
-        max_size = PLATFORM_MAX_GROUP_SIZE.get(platform)
-        if max_size and len(components) > max_size:
-            # Split this group into smaller groups
-            print(
-                f"\n  ℹ️ Splitting {platform} group (signature: {signature}) "
-                f"from {len(components)} to max {max_size} components per group"
-            )
-            # Remove original group
-            del grouped_components[(platform, signature)]
-            # Create split groups
-            for i in range(0, len(components), max_size):
-                split_components = components[i : i + max_size]
-                # Create unique signature for each split group
-                split_signature = f"{signature}_split{i // max_size + 1}"
-                split_groups[(platform, split_signature)] = split_components
-    # Add split groups back
-    grouped_components.update(split_groups)
-
     groups_to_test = []
     individual_tests = set()  # Use set to avoid duplicates
 
@@ -672,7 +863,7 @@ def run_grouped_component_tests(
                 continue
 
             # Run grouped test
-            success, cmd_str = run_grouped_test(
+            test_result = run_grouped_test(
                 components=components_to_group,
                 platform=platform,
                 platform_with_version=platform_with_version,
@@ -687,17 +878,10 @@ def run_grouped_component_tests(
             for comp in components_to_group:
                 tested_components.add((comp, platform_with_version))
 
-            # Record result for each component - show all components in grouped tests
-            test_id = (
-                f"GROUPED[{','.join(components_to_group)}].{platform_with_version}"
-            )
-            if success:
-                passed_tests.append(test_id)
-            else:
-                failed_tests.append(test_id)
-                failed_commands[test_id] = cmd_str
+            # Store test result
+            test_results.append(test_result)
 
-    return tested_components, passed_tests, failed_tests, failed_commands
+    return tested_components, test_results
 
 
 def run_individual_component_test(
@@ -710,9 +894,7 @@ def run_individual_component_test(
     esphome_command: str,
     continue_on_fail: bool,
     tested_components: set[tuple[str, str]],
-    passed_tests: list[str],
-    failed_tests: list[str],
-    failed_commands: dict[str, str],
+    test_results: list[TestResult],
 ) -> None:
     """Run an individual component test if not already tested in a group.
 
@@ -726,16 +908,13 @@ def run_individual_component_test(
         esphome_command: ESPHome command
         continue_on_fail: Whether to continue on failure
         tested_components: Set of already tested components
-        passed_tests: List to append passed test IDs
-        failed_tests: List to append failed test IDs
-        failed_commands: Dict to store failed test commands
+        test_results: List to append test results
     """
     # Skip if already tested in a group
     if (component, platform_with_version) in tested_components:
         return
 
-    test_name = test_file.stem.split(".")[0]
-    success, cmd_str = run_esphome_test(
+    test_result = run_esphome_test(
         component=component,
         test_file=test_file,
         platform=platform,
@@ -745,12 +924,7 @@ def run_individual_component_test(
         esphome_command=esphome_command,
         continue_on_fail=continue_on_fail,
     )
-    test_id = f"{component}.{test_name}.{platform_with_version}"
-    if success:
-        passed_tests.append(test_id)
-    else:
-        failed_tests.append(test_id)
-        failed_commands[test_id] = cmd_str
+    test_results.append(test_result)
 
 
 def test_components(
@@ -760,6 +934,7 @@ def test_components(
     continue_on_fail: bool,
     enable_grouping: bool = True,
     isolated_components: set[str] | None = None,
+    base_only: bool = False,
 ) -> int:
     """Test components with optional intelligent grouping.
 
@@ -773,6 +948,7 @@ def test_components(
             These are tested WITHOUT --testing-mode to enable full validation
             (pin conflicts, etc). This is used in CI for directly changed components
             to catch issues that would be missed with --testing-mode.
+        base_only: If True, only test base test files (test.*.yaml), not variant files (test-*.yaml)
 
     Returns:
         Exit code (0 for success, 1 for failure)
@@ -790,7 +966,7 @@ def test_components(
     # Find all component tests
     all_tests = {}
     for pattern in component_patterns:
-        all_tests.update(find_component_tests(tests_dir, pattern))
+        all_tests.update(find_component_tests(tests_dir, pattern, base_only))
 
     if not all_tests:
         print(f"No components found matching: {component_patterns}")
@@ -799,19 +975,12 @@ def test_components(
     print(f"Found {len(all_tests)} components to test")
 
     # Run tests
-    failed_tests = []
-    passed_tests = []
+    test_results = []
     tested_components = set()  # Track which components were tested in groups
-    failed_commands = {}  # Track commands for failed tests
 
     # First, run grouped tests if grouping is enabled
     if enable_grouping:
-        (
-            tested_components,
-            passed_tests,
-            failed_tests,
-            failed_commands,
-        ) = run_grouped_component_tests(
+        tested_components, grouped_results = run_grouped_component_tests(
             all_tests=all_tests,
             platform_filter=platform_filter,
             platform_bases=platform_bases,
@@ -821,6 +990,7 @@ def test_components(
             continue_on_fail=continue_on_fail,
             additional_isolated=isolated_components,
         )
+        test_results.extend(grouped_results)
 
     # Then run individual tests for components not in groups
     for component, test_files in sorted(all_tests.items()):
@@ -846,9 +1016,7 @@ def test_components(
                             esphome_command=esphome_command,
                             continue_on_fail=continue_on_fail,
                             tested_components=tested_components,
-                            passed_tests=passed_tests,
-                            failed_tests=failed_tests,
-                            failed_commands=failed_commands,
+                            test_results=test_results,
                         )
             else:
                 # Platform-specific test
@@ -880,31 +1048,40 @@ def test_components(
                         esphome_command=esphome_command,
                         continue_on_fail=continue_on_fail,
                         tested_components=tested_components,
-                        passed_tests=passed_tests,
-                        failed_tests=failed_tests,
-                        failed_commands=failed_commands,
+                        test_results=test_results,
                     )
 
+    # Separate results into passed and failed
+    passed_results = [r for r in test_results if r.success]
+    failed_results = [r for r in test_results if not r.success]
+
     # Print summary
     print("\n" + "=" * 80)
-    print(f"Test Summary: {len(passed_tests)} passed, {len(failed_tests)} failed")
+    print(f"Test Summary: {len(passed_results)} passed, {len(failed_results)} failed")
     print("=" * 80)
 
-    if failed_tests:
+    if failed_results:
         print("\nFailed tests:")
-        for test in failed_tests:
-            print(f"  - {test}")
+        for result in failed_results:
+            print(f"  - {result.test_id}")
 
-        # Print failed commands at the end for easy copy-paste from CI logs
+        # Print simplified commands grouped by platform and test type for easy copy-paste
         print("\n" + "=" * 80)
-        print("Failed test commands (copy-paste to reproduce locally):")
+        print("Commands to reproduce failures (copy-paste to reproduce locally):")
         print("=" * 80)
-        for test in failed_tests:
-            if test in failed_commands:
-                print(f"\n# {test}")
-                print(failed_commands[test])
+        platform_components = group_components_by_platform(failed_results)
+        for platform, test_type in sorted(platform_components.keys()):
+            components_csv = ",".join(platform_components[(platform, test_type)])
+            print(
+                f"script/test_build_components.py -c {components_csv} -t {platform} -e {test_type}"
+            )
         print()
 
+    # Write GitHub Actions job summary if in CI
+    if os.environ.get("GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"):
+        write_github_summary(test_results)
+
+    if failed_results:
         return 1
 
     return 0
@@ -950,6 +1127,11 @@ def main() -> int:
         "These are tested WITHOUT --testing-mode to enable full validation. "
         "Used in CI for directly changed components to catch pin conflicts and other issues.",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--base-only",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Only test base test files (test.*.yaml), not variant files (test-*.yaml)",
+    )
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
@@ -968,6 +1150,7 @@ def main() -> int:
         continue_on_fail=args.continue_on_fail,
         enable_grouping=not args.no_grouping,
         isolated_components=isolated_components,
+        base_only=args.base_only,
     )
 
 

tests/components/absolute_humidity/common.yaml

@@ -8,14 +8,12 @@ sensor:
     lambda: |-
       if (millis() > 10000) {
         return 0.6;
-      } else {
-        return 0.0;
       }
+      return 0.0;
   - platform: template
     id: template_temperature
     lambda: |-
       if (millis() > 10000) {
         return 42.0;
-      } else {
-        return 0.0;
       }
+      return 0.0;

tests/components/ade7880/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 substitutions:
-  irq0_pin: GPIO13
+  irq0_pin: GPIO0
   irq1_pin: GPIO15
   reset_pin: GPIO16
 

tests/components/ade7953_i2c/common.yaml

@@ -4,10 +4,13 @@ sensor:
     irq_pin: ${irq_pin}
     voltage:
       name: ADE7953 Voltage
+      id: ade7953_i2c_voltage
     current_a:
       name: ADE7953 Current A
+      id: ade7953_i2c_current_a
     current_b:
       name: ADE7953 Current B
+      id: ade7953_i2c_current_b
     power_factor_a:
       name: ADE7953 Power Factor A
     power_factor_b:

tests/components/ade7953_spi/common.yaml

@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ sensor:
     irq_pin: ${irq_pin}
     voltage:
       name: ADE7953 Voltage
-      id: ade7953_voltage
+      id: ade7953_spi_voltage
     current_a:
       name: ADE7953 Current A
-      id: ade7953_current_a
+      id: ade7953_spi_current_a
     current_b:
       name: ADE7953 Current B
-      id: ade7953_current_b
+      id: ade7953_spi_current_b
     power_factor_a:
       name: ADE7953 Power Factor A
     power_factor_b:

tests/components/analog_threshold/common.yaml

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@ sensor:
     lambda: |-
       if (millis() > 10000) {
         return 42.0;
-      } else {
-        return 0.0;
       }
+      return 0.0;
     update_interval: 15s
 
 binary_sensor:

tests/components/as3935_i2c/common.yaml

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 as3935_i2c:
+  id: as3935_i2c_id
   i2c_id: i2c_bus
   irq_pin: ${irq_pin}
 
 binary_sensor:
   - platform: as3935
+    as3935_id: as3935_i2c_id
     name: Storm Alert
 
 sensor:
   - platform: as3935
+    as3935_id: as3935_i2c_id
     lightning_energy:
       name: Lightning Energy
     distance:

tests/components/as3935_spi/common.yaml

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 as3935_spi:
+  id: as3935_spi_id
   cs_pin: ${cs_pin}
   irq_pin: ${irq_pin}
 
 binary_sensor:
   - platform: as3935
+    as3935_id: as3935_spi_id
     name: Storm Alert
 
 sensor:
   - platform: as3935
+    as3935_id: as3935_spi_id
     lightning_energy:
       name: Lightning Energy
     distance:

tests/components/axs15231/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 display:
   - platform: ssd1306_i2c
     i2c_id: i2c_bus
-    id: ssd1306_display
+    id: ssd1306_i2c_display
     model: SSD1306_128X64
     reset_pin: 19
     pages:
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ touchscreen:
   - platform: axs15231
     i2c_id: i2c_bus
     id: axs15231_touchscreen
-    display: ssd1306_display
+    display: ssd1306_i2c_display
     interrupt_pin: 20
     reset_pin: 18

tests/components/ballu/common.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-remote_transmitter:
-  pin: ${pin}
-  carrier_duty_percent: 50%
-
 climate:
   - platform: heatpumpir
     protocol: ballu
@@ -10,3 +6,4 @@ climate:
     name: HeatpumpIR Climate
     min_temperature: 18
     max_temperature: 30
+    transmitter_id: xmitr