DNM: Test CI

.ai/instructions.md

@@ -51,79 +51,7 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
 
 *   **Naming Conventions:**
     *   **Python:** Follows PEP 8. Use clear, descriptive names following snake_case.
-    *   **C++:** Follows the Google C++ Style Guide with these specifics (following clang-tidy conventions):
+    *   **C++:** Follows the Google C++ Style Guide.
-        - Function, method, and variable names: `lower_snake_case`
-        - Class/struct/enum names: `UpperCamelCase`
-        - Top-level constants (global/namespace scope): `UPPER_SNAKE_CASE`
-        - Function-local constants: `lower_snake_case`
-        - Protected/private fields: `lower_snake_case_with_trailing_underscore_`
-        - Favor descriptive names over abbreviations
-
-*   **C++ Field Visibility:**
-    *   **Prefer `protected`:** Use `protected` for most class fields to enable extensibility and testing. Fields should be `lower_snake_case_with_trailing_underscore_`.
-    *   **Use `private` for safety-critical cases:** Use `private` visibility when direct field access could introduce bugs or violate invariants:
-        1. **Pointer lifetime issues:** When setters validate and store pointers from known lists to prevent dangling references.
-           ```cpp
-           // Helper to find matching string in vector and return its pointer
-           inline const char *vector_find(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char *value) {
-             for (const char *item : vec) {
-               if (strcmp(item, value) == 0)
-                 return item;
-             }
-             return nullptr;
-           }
-
-           class ClimateDevice {
-            public:
-             void set_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<const char *> modes) {
-               this->custom_fan_modes_ = modes;
-               this->active_custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;  // Reset when modes change
-             }
-             bool set_custom_fan_mode(const char *mode) {
-               // Find mode in supported list and store that pointer (not the input pointer)
-               const char *validated_mode = vector_find(this->custom_fan_modes_, mode);
-               if (validated_mode != nullptr) {
-                 this->active_custom_fan_mode_ = validated_mode;
-                 return true;
-               }
-               return false;
-             }
-            private:
-             std::vector<const char *> custom_fan_modes_;  // Pointers to string literals in flash
-             const char *active_custom_fan_mode_{nullptr};  // Must point to entry in custom_fan_modes_
-           };
-           ```
-        2. **Invariant coupling:** When multiple fields must remain synchronized to prevent buffer overflows or data corruption.
-           ```cpp
-           class Buffer {
-            public:
-             void resize(size_t new_size) {
-               auto new_data = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(new_size);
-               if (this->data_) {
-                 std::memcpy(new_data.get(), this->data_.get(), std::min(this->size_, new_size));
-               }
-               this->data_ = std::move(new_data);
-               this->size_ = new_size;  // Must stay in sync with data_
-             }
-            private:
-             std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> data_;
-             size_t size_{0};  // Must match allocated size of data_
-           };
-           ```
-        3. **Resource management:** When setters perform cleanup or registration operations that derived classes might skip.
-    *   **Provide `protected` accessor methods:** When derived classes need controlled access to `private` members.
-
-*   **C++ Preprocessor Directives:**
-    *   **Avoid `#define` for constants:** Using `#define` for constants is discouraged and should be replaced with `const` variables or enums.
-    *   **Use `#define` only for:**
-        - Conditional compilation (`#ifdef`, `#ifndef`)
-        - Compile-time sizes calculated during Python code generation (e.g., configuring `std::array` or `StaticVector` dimensions via `cg.add_define()`)
-
-*   **C++ Additional Conventions:**
-    *   **Member access:** Prefix all class member access with `this->` (e.g., `this->value_` not `value_`)
-    *   **Indentation:** Use spaces (two per indentation level), not tabs
-    *   **Type aliases:** Prefer `using type_t = int;` over `typedef int type_t;`
-    *   **Line length:** Wrap lines at no more than 120 characters
 
 *   **Component Structure:**
     *   **Standard Files:**
@@ -172,7 +100,8 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
 
     *   **C++ Class Pattern:**
         ```cpp
-        namespace esphome::my_component {
+        namespace esphome {
+        namespace my_component {
 
         class MyComponent : public Component {
          public:
@@ -188,7 +117,8 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
           int param_{0};
         };
 
-        }  // namespace esphome::my_component
+        }  // namespace my_component
+        }  // namespace esphome
         ```
 
     *   **Common Component Examples:**
@@ -438,45 +368,3 @@ This document provides essential context for AI models interacting with this pro
     *   **Python:** When adding a new Python dependency, add it to the appropriate `requirements*.txt` file and `pyproject.toml`.
     *   **C++ / PlatformIO:** When adding a new C++ dependency, add it to `platformio.ini` and use `cg.add_library`.
     *   **Build Flags:** Use `cg.add_build_flag(...)` to add compiler flags.
-
-## 8. Public API and Breaking Changes
-
-*   **Public C++ API:**
-    *   **Components**: Only documented features at [esphome.io](https://esphome.io) are public API. Undocumented `public` members are internal.
-    *   **Core/Base Classes** (`esphome/core/`, `Component`, `Sensor`, etc.): All `public` members are public API.
-    *   **Components with Global Accessors** (`global_api_server`, etc.): All `public` members are public API (except config setters).
-
-*   **Public Python API:**
-    *   All documented configuration options at [esphome.io](https://esphome.io) are public API.
-    *   Python code in `esphome/core/` actively used by existing core components is considered stable API.
-    *   Other Python code is internal unless explicitly documented for external component use.
-
-*   **Breaking Changes Policy:**
-    *   Aim for **6-month deprecation window** when possible
-    *   Clean breaks allowed for: signature changes, deep refactorings, resource constraints
-    *   Must document migration path in PR description (generates release notes)
-    *   Blog post required for core/base class changes or significant architectural changes
-    *   Full details: https://developers.esphome.io/contributing/code/#public-api-and-breaking-changes
-
-*   **Breaking Change Checklist:**
-    - [ ] Clear justification (RAM/flash savings, architectural improvement)
-    - [ ] Explored non-breaking alternatives
-    - [ ] Added deprecation warnings if possible (use `ESPDEPRECATED` macro for C++)
-    - [ ] Documented migration path in PR description with before/after examples
-    - [ ] Updated all internal usage and esphome-docs
-    - [ ] Tested backward compatibility during deprecation period
-
-*   **Deprecation Pattern (C++):**
-    ```cpp
-    // Remove before 2026.6.0
-    ESPDEPRECATED("Use new_method() instead. Removed in 2026.6.0", "2025.12.0")
-    void old_method() { this->new_method(); }
-    ```
-
-*   **Deprecation Pattern (Python):**
-    ```python
-    # Remove before 2026.6.0
-    if CONF_OLD_KEY in config:
-        _LOGGER.warning(f"'{CONF_OLD_KEY}' deprecated, use '{CONF_NEW_KEY}'. Removed in 2026.6.0")
-        config[CONF_NEW_KEY] = config.pop(CONF_OLD_KEY)  # Auto-migrate
-    ```

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache/restore@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
         with:
           path: .temp/components_graph.json
-          key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
+          key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/__init__.py') }}
       - name: Determine which tests to run
         id: determine
         env:
@@ -222,11 +222,11 @@ jobs:
           echo "cpp-unit-tests-components=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.cpp_unit_tests_components')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "component-test-batches=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.component_test_batches')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Save components graph cache
-        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
+#        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/dev'
         uses: actions/cache/save@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
         with:
           path: .temp/components_graph.json
-          key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/*.py') }}
+          key: components-graph-${{ hashFiles('esphome/components/**/__init__.py') }}
 
   integration-tests:
     name: Run integration tests

.github/workflows/codeowner-review-request.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   request-codeowner-reviews:
     name: Run
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'esphome/esphome' && !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
+    if: ${{ !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Request reviews from component codeowners

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ci:
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Ruff version.
-    rev: v0.14.4
+    rev: v0.14.3
     hooks:
       # Run the linter.
       - id: ruff

CODEOWNERS

@@ -155,7 +155,6 @@ esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/* @bdraco
 esphome/components/esp32_camera_web_server/* @ayufan
 esphome/components/esp32_can/* @Sympatron
 esphome/components/esp32_hosted/* @swoboda1337
-esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/* @swoboda1337
 esphome/components/esp32_improv/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/esp32_rmt/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/esp32_rmt_led_strip/* @jesserockz
@@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ esphome/components/gdk101/* @Szewcson
 esphome/components/gl_r01_i2c/* @pkejval
 esphome/components/globals/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/gp2y1010au0f/* @zry98
-esphome/components/gp8403/* @jesserockz @sebydocky
+esphome/components/gp8403/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/gpio/* @esphome/core
 esphome/components/gpio/one_wire/* @ssieb
 esphome/components/gps/* @coogle @ximex
@@ -206,7 +205,6 @@ esphome/components/hdc2010/* @optimusprimespace @ssieb
 esphome/components/he60r/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/heatpumpir/* @rob-deutsch
 esphome/components/hitachi_ac424/* @sourabhjaiswal
-esphome/components/hlk_fm22x/* @OnFreund
 esphome/components/hm3301/* @freekode
 esphome/components/hmac_md5/* @dwmw2
 esphome/components/homeassistant/* @esphome/core @OttoWinter
@@ -291,7 +289,6 @@ esphome/components/mcp23x17_base/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/mcp23xxx_base/* @jesserockz
 esphome/components/mcp2515/* @danielschramm @mvturnho
 esphome/components/mcp3204/* @rsumner
-esphome/components/mcp3221/* @philippderdiedas
 esphome/components/mcp4461/* @p1ngb4ck
 esphome/components/mcp4728/* @berfenger
 esphome/components/mcp47a1/* @jesserockz
@@ -396,7 +393,6 @@ esphome/components/rpi_dpi_rgb/* @clydebarrow
 esphome/components/rtl87xx/* @kuba2k2
 esphome/components/rtttl/* @glmnet
 esphome/components/runtime_stats/* @bdraco
-esphome/components/rx8130/* @beormund
 esphome/components/safe_mode/* @jsuanet @kbx81 @paulmonigatti
 esphome/components/scd4x/* @martgras @sjtrny
 esphome/components/script/* @esphome/core
@@ -483,7 +479,6 @@ esphome/components/template/fan/* @ssieb
 esphome/components/text/* @mauritskorse
 esphome/components/thermostat/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/time/* @esphome/core
-esphome/components/tinyusb/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/tlc5947/* @rnauber
 esphome/components/tlc5971/* @IJIJI
 esphome/components/tm1621/* @Philippe12

Doxyfile

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = ESPHome
 # could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or if some version
 # control system is used.
 
-PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2025.11.0b1
+PROJECT_NUMBER         = 2025.11.0-dev
 
 # Using the PROJECT_BRIEF tag one can provide an optional one line description
 # for a project that appears at the top of each page and should give viewer a

esphome/automation.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TYPE_ID,
     CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
 )
-from esphome.core import ID, Lambda
+from esphome.core import ID
 from esphome.cpp_generator import (
     LambdaExpression,
     MockObj,
@@ -310,30 +310,6 @@ async def for_condition_to_code(
     return var
 
 
-@register_condition(
-    "component.is_idle",
-    LambdaCondition,
-    maybe_simple_id(
-        {
-            cv.Required(CONF_ID): cv.use_id(cg.Component),
-        }
-    ),
-)
-async def component_is_idle_condition_to_code(
-    config: ConfigType,
-    condition_id: ID,
-    template_arg: cg.TemplateArguments,
-    args: TemplateArgsType,
-) -> MockObj:
-    comp = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_ID])
-    lambda_ = await cg.process_lambda(
-        Lambda(f"return {comp}->is_idle();"), args, return_type=bool
-    )
-    return new_lambda_pvariable(
-        condition_id, lambda_, StatelessLambdaCondition, template_arg
-    )
-
-
 @register_action(
     "delay", DelayAction, cv.templatable(cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds)
 )

esphome/components/ags10/ags10.h

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AGS10NewI2cAddressAction : public Action<Ts...>,
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, new_address)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->new_i2c_address(this->new_address_.value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->new_i2c_address(this->new_address_.value(x...)); }
 };
 
 enum AGS10SetZeroPointActionMode {
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AGS10SetZeroPointAction : public Action<Ts...>, p
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint16_t, value)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(AGS10SetZeroPointActionMode, mode)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     switch (this->mode_.value(x...)) {
       case FACTORY_DEFAULT:
         this->parent_->set_zero_point_with_factory_defaults();

esphome/components/aic3204/automation.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SetAutoMuteAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, auto_mute_mode)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->aic3204_->set_auto_mute_mode(this->auto_mute_mode_.value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->aic3204_->set_auto_mute_mode(this->auto_mute_mode_.value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AIC3204 *aic3204_;

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/alarm_control_panel.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-#include "alarm_control_panel.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
-
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "alarm_control_panel.h"
+
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -36,9 +34,6 @@ void AlarmControlPanel::publish_state(AlarmControlPanelState state) {
              LOG_STR_ARG(alarm_control_panel_state_to_string(prev_state)));
     this->current_state_ = state;
     this->state_callback_.call();
-#if defined(USE_ALARM_CONTROL_PANEL) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-    ControllerRegistry::notify_alarm_control_panel_update(this);
-#endif
     if (state == ACP_STATE_TRIGGERED) {
       this->triggered_callback_.call();
     } else if (state == ACP_STATE_ARMING) {

esphome/components/alarm_control_panel/automation.h

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmAwayAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
     auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
     if (code.has_value()) {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmHomeAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
     auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
     if (code.has_value()) {
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ArmNightAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call();
     auto code = this->code_.optional_value(x...);
     if (code.has_value()) {
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DisarmAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, code)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->disarm(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->disarm(this->code_.optional_value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class PendingAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit PendingAction(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) : alarm_control_panel_(alarm_control_panel) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call().pending().perform(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call().pending().perform(); }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class TriggeredAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit TriggeredAction(AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel) : alarm_control_panel_(alarm_control_panel) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call().triggered().perform(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->alarm_control_panel_->make_call().triggered().perform(); }
 
  protected:
   AlarmControlPanel *alarm_control_panel_;
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class TriggeredAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 template<typename... Ts> class AlarmControlPanelCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
   AlarmControlPanelCondition(AlarmControlPanel *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override {
+  bool check(Ts... x) override {
     return this->parent_->is_state_armed(this->parent_->get_state()) ||
            this->parent_->get_state() == ACP_STATE_PENDING || this->parent_->get_state() == ACP_STATE_TRIGGERED;
   }

esphome/components/animation/animation.h

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Animation : public image::Image {
 template<typename... Ts> class AnimationNextFrameAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   AnimationNextFrameAction(Animation *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->next_frame(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->next_frame(); }
 
  protected:
   Animation *parent_;
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AnimationNextFrameAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 template<typename... Ts> class AnimationPrevFrameAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   AnimationPrevFrameAction(Animation *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->prev_frame(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->prev_frame(); }
 
  protected:
   Animation *parent_;
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AnimationSetFrameAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   AnimationSetFrameAction(Animation *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint16_t, frame)
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_frame(this->frame_.value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->set_frame(this->frame_.value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   Animation *parent_;

esphome/components/api/__init__.py

@@ -227,7 +227,6 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 esp32=8,  # More RAM, can buffer more
                 rp2040=5,  # Limited RAM
                 bk72xx=8,  # Moderate RAM
-                nrf52=8,  # Moderate RAM
                 rtl87xx=8,  # Moderate RAM
                 host=16,  # Abundant resources
                 ln882x=8,  # Moderate RAM
@@ -245,9 +244,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 
-    # Track controller registration for StaticVector sizing
-    CORE.register_controller()
-
     cg.add(var.set_port(config[CONF_PORT]))
     if config[CONF_PASSWORD]:
         cg.add_define("USE_API_PASSWORD")

esphome/components/api/api.proto

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ message ListEntitiesFanResponse {
   bool disabled_by_default = 9;
   string icon = 10 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   EntityCategory entity_category = 11;
-  repeated string supported_preset_modes = 12 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string supported_preset_modes = 12 [(container_pointer) = "std::set"];
   uint32 device_id = 13 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 // Deprecated in API version 1.6 - only used in deprecated fields
@@ -1000,9 +1000,9 @@ message ListEntitiesClimateResponse {
   bool supports_action = 12; // Deprecated: use feature_flags
   repeated ClimateFanMode supported_fan_modes = 13 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "climate::ClimateFanModeMask"];
   repeated ClimateSwingMode supported_swing_modes = 14 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "climate::ClimateSwingModeMask"];
-  repeated string supported_custom_fan_modes = 15 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string supported_custom_fan_modes = 15 [(container_pointer) = "std::vector"];
   repeated ClimatePreset supported_presets = 16 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "climate::ClimatePresetMask"];
-  repeated string supported_custom_presets = 17 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "std::vector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string supported_custom_presets = 17 [(container_pointer) = "std::vector"];
   bool disabled_by_default = 18;
   string icon = 19 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_ENTITY_ICON"];
   EntityCategory entity_category = 20;
@@ -2147,7 +2147,7 @@ message ListEntitiesEventResponse {
   EntityCategory entity_category = 7;
   string device_class = 8;
 
-  repeated string event_types = 9 [(container_pointer_no_template) = "FixedVector<const char *>"];
+  repeated string event_types = 9;
   uint32 device_id = 10 [(field_ifdef) = "USE_DEVICES"];
 }
 message EventResponse {

esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// X:
 #include "api_connection.h"
 #ifdef USE_API
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
@@ -410,8 +411,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
   }
   if (traits.supports_direction())
     msg.direction = static_cast<enums::FanDirection>(fan->direction);
-  if (traits.supports_preset_modes() && fan->has_preset_mode())
+  if (traits.supports_preset_modes())
-    msg.set_preset_mode(StringRef(fan->get_preset_mode()));
+    msg.set_preset_mode(StringRef(fan->preset_mode));
   return fill_and_encode_entity_state(fan, msg, FanStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@@ -423,7 +424,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *con
   msg.supports_speed = traits.supports_speed();
   msg.supports_direction = traits.supports_direction();
   msg.supported_speed_count = traits.supported_speed_count();
-  msg.supported_preset_modes = &traits.supported_preset_modes();
+  msg.supported_preset_modes = &traits.supported_preset_modes_for_api_();
   return fill_and_encode_entity_info(fan, msg, ListEntitiesFanResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 void APIConnection::fan_command(const FanCommandRequest &msg) {
@@ -637,14 +638,14 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && climate->fan_mode.has_value())
     resp.fan_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateFanMode>(climate->fan_mode.value());
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->has_custom_fan_mode()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
-    resp.set_custom_fan_mode(StringRef(climate->get_custom_fan_mode()));
+    resp.set_custom_fan_mode(StringRef(climate->custom_fan_mode.value()));
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_presets() && climate->preset.has_value()) {
     resp.preset = static_cast<enums::ClimatePreset>(climate->preset.value());
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->has_custom_preset()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->custom_preset.has_value()) {
-    resp.set_custom_preset(StringRef(climate->get_custom_preset()));
+    resp.set_custom_preset(StringRef(climate->custom_preset.value()));
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes())
     resp.swing_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(climate->swing_mode);
@@ -877,7 +878,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_select_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
                                               bool is_single) {
   auto *select = static_cast<select::Select *>(entity);
   SelectStateResponse resp;
-  resp.set_state(StringRef(select->current_option()));
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(select->state));
   resp.missing_state = !select->has_state();
   return fill_and_encode_entity_state(select, resp, SelectStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
@@ -1310,7 +1311,8 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_event_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
   auto *event = static_cast<event::Event *>(entity);
   ListEntitiesEventResponse msg;
   msg.set_device_class(event->get_device_class_ref());
-  msg.event_types = &event->get_event_types();
+  for (const auto &event_type : event->get_event_types())
+    msg.event_types.push_back(event_type);
   return fill_and_encode_entity_info(event, msg, ListEntitiesEventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                      is_single);
 }
@@ -1467,8 +1469,6 @@ bool APIConnection::send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
   static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Beken");
 #elif defined(USE_LN882X)
   static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Lightning");
-#elif defined(USE_NRF52)
-  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Nordic Semiconductor");
 #elif defined(USE_RTL87XX)
   static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Realtek");
 #elif defined(USE_HOST)

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp

@@ -434,7 +434,8 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer, st
     return APIError::OK;
   }
 
-  uint8_t *buffer_data = buffer.get_buffer()->data();
+  std::vector<uint8_t> *raw_buffer = buffer.get_buffer();
+  uint8_t *buffer_data = raw_buffer->data();  // Cache buffer pointer
 
   this->reusable_iovs_.clear();
   this->reusable_iovs_.reserve(packets.size());

esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_plaintext.cpp

@@ -230,7 +230,8 @@ APIError APIPlaintextFrameHelper::write_protobuf_packets(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer
     return APIError::OK;
   }
 
-  uint8_t *buffer_data = buffer.get_buffer()->data();
+  std::vector<uint8_t> *raw_buffer = buffer.get_buffer();
+  uint8_t *buffer_data = raw_buffer->data();  // Cache buffer pointer
 
   this->reusable_iovs_.clear();
   this->reusable_iovs_.reserve(packets.size());

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp

@@ -355,8 +355,8 @@ void ListEntitiesFanResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_string(10, this->icon_ref_);
 #endif
   buffer.encode_uint32(11, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->entity_category));
-  for (const char *it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
+  for (const auto &it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
-    buffer.encode_string(12, it, strlen(it), true);
+    buffer.encode_string(12, it, true);
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   buffer.encode_uint32(13, this->device_id);
@@ -376,8 +376,8 @@ void ListEntitiesFanResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
 #endif
   size.add_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->entity_category));
   if (!this->supported_preset_modes->empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
+    for (const auto &it : *this->supported_preset_modes) {
-      size.add_length_force(1, strlen(it));
+      size.add_length_force(1, it.size());
     }
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@@ -1179,14 +1179,14 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   for (const auto &it : *this->supported_swing_modes) {
     buffer.encode_uint32(14, static_cast<uint32_t>(it), true);
   }
-  for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
+  for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
-    buffer.encode_string(15, it, strlen(it), true);
+    buffer.encode_string(15, it, true);
   }
   for (const auto &it : *this->supported_presets) {
     buffer.encode_uint32(16, static_cast<uint32_t>(it), true);
   }
-  for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
+  for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
-    buffer.encode_string(17, it, strlen(it), true);
+    buffer.encode_string(17, it, true);
   }
   buffer.encode_bool(18, this->disabled_by_default);
 #ifdef USE_ENTITY_ICON
@@ -1229,8 +1229,8 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
     }
   }
   if (!this->supported_custom_fan_modes->empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
+    for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_fan_modes) {
-      size.add_length_force(1, strlen(it));
+      size.add_length_force(1, it.size());
     }
   }
   if (!this->supported_presets->empty()) {
@@ -1239,8 +1239,8 @@ void ListEntitiesClimateResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
     }
   }
   if (!this->supported_custom_presets->empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
+    for (const auto &it : *this->supported_custom_presets) {
-      size.add_length_force(2, strlen(it));
+      size.add_length_force(2, it.size());
     }
   }
   size.add_bool(2, this->disabled_by_default);
@@ -2877,8 +2877,8 @@ void ListEntitiesEventResponse::encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const {
   buffer.encode_bool(6, this->disabled_by_default);
   buffer.encode_uint32(7, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->entity_category));
   buffer.encode_string(8, this->device_class_ref_);
-  for (const char *it : *this->event_types) {
+  for (auto &it : this->event_types) {
-    buffer.encode_string(9, it, strlen(it), true);
+    buffer.encode_string(9, it, true);
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
   buffer.encode_uint32(10, this->device_id);
@@ -2894,9 +2894,9 @@ void ListEntitiesEventResponse::calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const {
   size.add_bool(1, this->disabled_by_default);
   size.add_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(this->entity_category));
   size.add_length(1, this->device_class_ref_.size());
-  if (!this->event_types->empty()) {
+  if (!this->event_types.empty()) {
-    for (const char *it : *this->event_types) {
+    for (const auto &it : this->event_types) {
-      size.add_length_force(1, strlen(it));
+      size.add_length_force(1, it.size());
     }
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ class ListEntitiesFanResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_speed{false};
   bool supports_direction{false};
   int32_t supported_speed_count{0};
-  const std::vector<const char *> *supported_preset_modes{};
+  const std::set<std::string> *supported_preset_modes{};
   void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@@ -1384,9 +1384,9 @@ class ListEntitiesClimateResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
   bool supports_action{false};
   const climate::ClimateFanModeMask *supported_fan_modes{};
   const climate::ClimateSwingModeMask *supported_swing_modes{};
-  const std::vector<const char *> *supported_custom_fan_modes{};
+  const std::vector<std::string> *supported_custom_fan_modes{};
   const climate::ClimatePresetMask *supported_presets{};
-  const std::vector<const char *> *supported_custom_presets{};
+  const std::vector<std::string> *supported_custom_presets{};
   float visual_current_temperature_step{0.0f};
   bool supports_current_humidity{false};
   bool supports_target_humidity{false};
@@ -2788,7 +2788,7 @@ class ListEntitiesEventResponse final : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
   StringRef device_class_ref_{};
   void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
-  const FixedVector<const char *> *event_types{};
+  std::vector<std::string> event_types{};
   void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
   void calculate_size(ProtoSize &size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP

esphome/components/api/api_pb2_dump.cpp

@@ -2053,7 +2053,7 @@ void ListEntitiesEventResponse::dump_to(std::string &out) const {
   dump_field(out, "disabled_by_default", this->disabled_by_default);
   dump_field(out, "entity_category", static_cast<enums::EntityCategory>(this->entity_category));
   dump_field(out, "device_class", this->device_class_ref_);
-  for (const auto &it : *this->event_types) {
+  for (const auto &it : this->event_types) {
     dump_field(out, "event_types", it, 4);
   }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES

esphome/components/api/api_server.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include "esphome/components/network/util.h"
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/util.h"
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ APIServer::APIServer() {
 }
 
 void APIServer::setup() {
-  ControllerRegistry::register_controller(this);
+  this->setup_controller();
 
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   uint32_t hash = 88491486UL;
@@ -225,7 +224,7 @@ void APIServer::dump_config() {
                 "  Address: %s:%u\n"
                 "  Listen backlog: %u\n"
                 "  Max connections: %u",
-                network::get_use_address(), this->port_, this->listen_backlog_, this->max_connections_);
+                network::get_use_address().c_str(), this->port_, this->listen_backlog_, this->max_connections_);
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Noise encryption: %s", YESNO(this->noise_ctx_->has_psk()));
   if (!this->noise_ctx_->has_psk()) {
@@ -270,7 +269,7 @@ bool APIServer::check_password(const uint8_t *password_data, size_t password_len
 
 void APIServer::handle_disconnect(APIConnection *conn) {}
 
-// Macro for controller update dispatch
+// Macro for entities without extra parameters
 #define API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(entity_type, entity_name) \
   void APIServer::on_##entity_name##_update(entity_type *obj) { /* NOLINT(bugprone-macro-parentheses) */ \
     if (obj->is_internal()) \
@@ -279,6 +278,15 @@ void APIServer::handle_disconnect(APIConnection *conn) {}
       c->send_##entity_name##_state(obj); \
   }
 
+// Macro for entities with extra parameters (but parameters not used in send)
+#define API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(entity_type, entity_name, ...) \
+  void APIServer::on_##entity_name##_update(entity_type *obj, __VA_ARGS__) { /* NOLINT(bugprone-macro-parentheses) */ \
+    if (obj->is_internal()) \
+      return; \
+    for (auto &c : this->clients_) \
+      c->send_##entity_name##_state(obj); \
+  }
+
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
 API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(binary_sensor::BinarySensor, binary_sensor)
 #endif
@@ -296,15 +304,15 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(light::LightState, light)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(sensor::Sensor, sensor)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(sensor::Sensor, sensor, float state)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SWITCH
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(switch_::Switch, switch)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(switch_::Switch, switch, bool state)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(text_sensor::TextSensor, text_sensor)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(text_sensor::TextSensor, text_sensor, const std::string &state)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_CLIMATE
@@ -312,7 +320,7 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(climate::Climate, climate)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(number::Number, number)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(number::Number, number, float state)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATE
@@ -328,11 +336,11 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(datetime::DateTimeEntity, datetime)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_TEXT
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(text::Text, text)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(text::Text, text, const std::string &state)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(select::Select, select)
+API_DISPATCH_UPDATE_IGNORE_PARAMS(select::Select, select, const std::string &state, size_t index)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_LOCK
@@ -348,13 +356,12 @@ API_DISPATCH_UPDATE(media_player::MediaPlayer, media_player)
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-// Event is a special case - unlike other entities with simple state fields,
+// Event is a special case - it's the only entity that passes extra parameters to the send method
-// events store their state in a member accessed via obj->get_last_event_type()
+void APIServer::on_event(event::Event *obj, const std::string &event_type) {
-void APIServer::on_event(event::Event *obj) {
   if (obj->is_internal())
     return;
   for (auto &c : this->clients_)
-    c->send_event(obj, obj->get_last_event_type());
+    c->send_event(obj, event_type);
 }
 #endif
 

esphome/components/api/api_server.h

@@ -72,19 +72,19 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void on_light_update(light::LightState *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  void on_sensor_update(sensor::Sensor *obj) override;
+  void on_sensor_update(sensor::Sensor *obj, float state) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SWITCH
-  void on_switch_update(switch_::Switch *obj) override;
+  void on_switch_update(switch_::Switch *obj, bool state) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
-  void on_text_sensor_update(text_sensor::TextSensor *obj) override;
+  void on_text_sensor_update(text_sensor::TextSensor *obj, const std::string &state) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_CLIMATE
   void on_climate_update(climate::Climate *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
-  void on_number_update(number::Number *obj) override;
+  void on_number_update(number::Number *obj, float state) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATE
   void on_date_update(datetime::DateEntity *obj) override;
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void on_datetime_update(datetime::DateTimeEntity *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT
-  void on_text_update(text::Text *obj) override;
+  void on_text_update(text::Text *obj, const std::string &state) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SELECT
-  void on_select_update(select::Select *obj) override;
+  void on_select_update(select::Select *obj, const std::string &state, size_t index) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_LOCK
   void on_lock_update(lock::Lock *obj) override;
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class APIServer : public Component, public Controller {
   void on_alarm_control_panel_update(alarm_control_panel::AlarmControlPanel *obj) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_EVENT
-  void on_event(event::Event *obj) override;
+  void on_event(event::Event *obj, const std::string &event_type) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_UPDATE
   void on_update(update::UpdateEntity *obj) override;
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ extern APIServer *global_api_server;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-cons
 
 template<typename... Ts> class APIConnectedCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return global_api_server->is_connected(); }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return global_api_server->is_connected(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::api

esphome/components/api/custom_api_device.h

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 namespace esphome::api {
 
 #ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
-template<typename T, typename... Ts> class CustomAPIDeviceService : public UserServiceDynamic<Ts...> {
+template<typename T, typename... Ts> class CustomAPIDeviceService : public UserServiceBase<Ts...> {
  public:
   CustomAPIDeviceService(const std::string &name, const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names, T *obj,
                          void (T::*callback)(Ts...))
-      : UserServiceDynamic<Ts...>(name, arg_names), obj_(obj), callback_(callback) {}
+      : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names), obj_(obj), callback_(callback) {}
 
  protected:
   void execute(Ts... x) override { (this->obj_->*this->callback_)(x...); }  // NOLINT

esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
   Trigger<std::string, Ts...> *get_error_trigger() const { return this->error_trigger_; }
 #endif  // USE_API_HOMEASSISTANT_ACTION_RESPONSES
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     HomeassistantActionRequest resp;
     std::string service_value = this->service_.value(x...);
     resp.set_service(StringRef(service_value));

esphome/components/api/user_services.h

@@ -23,57 +23,11 @@ template<typename T> T get_execute_arg_value(const ExecuteServiceArgument &arg);
 
 template<typename T> enums::ServiceArgType to_service_arg_type();
 
-// Base class for YAML-defined services (most common case)
-// Stores only pointers to string literals in flash - no heap allocation
 template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceBase : public UserServiceDescriptor {
  public:
-  UserServiceBase(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
+  UserServiceBase(std::string name, const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
-      : name_(name), arg_names_(arg_names) {
-    this->key_ = fnv1_hash(name);
-  }
-
-  ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
-    ListEntitiesServicesResponse msg;
-    msg.set_name(StringRef(this->name_));
-    msg.key = this->key_;
-    std::array<enums::ServiceArgType, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_types = {to_service_arg_type<Ts>()...};
-    msg.args.init(sizeof...(Ts));
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(Ts); i++) {
-      auto &arg = msg.args.emplace_back();
-      arg.type = arg_types[i];
-      arg.set_name(StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]));
-    }
-    return msg;
-  }
-
-  bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req) override {
-    if (req.key != this->key_)
-      return false;
-    if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
-      return false;
-    this->execute_(req.args, typename gens<sizeof...(Ts)>::type());
-    return true;
-  }
-
- protected:
-  virtual void execute(Ts... x) = 0;
-  template<typename ArgsContainer, int... S> void execute_(const ArgsContainer &args, seq<S...> type) {
-    this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
-  }
-
-  // Pointers to string literals in flash - no heap allocation
-  const char *name_;
-  std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_names_;
-  uint32_t key_{0};
-};
-
-// Separate class for custom_api_device services (rare case)
-// Stores copies of runtime-generated names
-template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor {
- public:
-  UserServiceDynamic(std::string name, const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
       : name_(std::move(name)), arg_names_(arg_names) {
-    this->key_ = fnv1_hash(this->name_.c_str());
+    this->key_ = fnv1_hash(this->name_);
   }
 
   ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
@@ -93,7 +47,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor
   bool execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &req) override {
     if (req.key != this->key_)
       return false;
-    if (req.args.size() != sizeof...(Ts))
+    if (req.args.size() != this->arg_names_.size())
       return false;
     this->execute_(req.args, typename gens<sizeof...(Ts)>::type());
     return true;
@@ -105,16 +59,14 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceDynamic : public UserServiceDescriptor
     this->execute((get_execute_arg_value<Ts>(args[S]))...);
   }
 
-  // Heap-allocated strings for runtime-generated names
   std::string name_;
-  std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_names_;
   uint32_t key_{0};
+  std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_names_;
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceTrigger : public UserServiceBase<Ts...>, public Trigger<Ts...> {
  public:
-  // Constructor for static names (YAML-defined services - used by code generator)
+  UserServiceTrigger(const std::string &name, const std::array<std::string, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
-  UserServiceTrigger(const char *name, const std::array<const char *, sizeof...(Ts)> &arg_names)
       : UserServiceBase<Ts...>(name, arg_names) {}
 
  protected:

esphome/components/at581x/automation.h

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace at581x {
 
 template<typename... Ts> class AT581XResetAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<AT581XComponent> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) { this->parent_->reset_hardware_frontend(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) { this->parent_->reset_hardware_frontend(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class AT581XSettingsAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<AT581XComponent> {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class AT581XSettingsAction : public Action<Ts...>, publ
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(int, trigger_keep)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(int, stage_gain)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) {
+  void play(Ts... x) {
     if (this->frequency_.has_value()) {
       int v = this->frequency_.value(x...);
       this->parent_->set_frequency(v);

esphome/components/audio_adc/automation.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SetMicGainAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, mic_gain)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->audio_adc_->set_mic_gain(this->mic_gain_.value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->audio_adc_->set_mic_gain(this->mic_gain_.value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AudioAdc *audio_adc_;

esphome/components/audio_dac/automation.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class MuteOffAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit MuteOffAction(AudioDac *audio_dac) : audio_dac_(audio_dac) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->audio_dac_->set_mute_off(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->audio_dac_->set_mute_off(); }
 
  protected:
   AudioDac *audio_dac_;
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class MuteOnAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit MuteOnAction(AudioDac *audio_dac) : audio_dac_(audio_dac) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->audio_dac_->set_mute_on(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->audio_dac_->set_mute_on(); }
 
  protected:
   AudioDac *audio_dac_;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SetVolumeAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, volume)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->audio_dac_->set_volume(this->volume_.value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->audio_dac_->set_volume(this->volume_.value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   AudioDac *audio_dac_;

esphome/components/bedjet/bedjet_const.h

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ enum BedjetCommand : uint8_t {
 static const uint8_t BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT = 20;
 
 static constexpr const char *const BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES[BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT] = BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES_;
+static const std::string BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAME_STRINGS[BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT] = BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES_;
 
 }  // namespace bedjet
 }  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/bedjet/climate/bedjet_climate.cpp

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ namespace bedjet {
 
 using namespace esphome::climate;
 
-static const char *bedjet_fan_step_to_fan_mode(const uint8_t fan_step) {
+static const std::string *bedjet_fan_step_to_fan_mode(const uint8_t fan_step) {
   if (fan_step < BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT)
-    return BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES[fan_step];
+    return &BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAME_STRINGS[fan_step];
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-static uint8_t bedjet_fan_speed_to_step(const char *fan_step_percent) {
+static uint8_t bedjet_fan_speed_to_step(const std::string &fan_step_percent) {
   for (int i = 0; i < BEDJET_FAN_SPEED_COUNT; i++) {
-    if (strcmp(BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAMES[i], fan_step_percent) == 0) {
+    if (fan_step_percent == BEDJET_FAN_STEP_NAME_STRINGS[i]) {
       return i;
     }
   }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::dump_config() {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_fan_mode_to_string(mode)));
   }
   for (const auto &mode : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes()) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", mode);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", mode.c_str());
   }
 
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Supported presets:");
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::dump_config() {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_preset_to_string(preset)));
   }
   for (const auto &preset : traits.get_supported_custom_presets()) {
-    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", preset);
+    ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "   - %s (c)", preset.c_str());
   }
 }
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::reset_state_() {
   this->target_temperature = NAN;
   this->current_temperature = NAN;
   this->preset.reset();
-  this->clear_custom_preset_();
+  this->custom_preset.reset();
   this->publish_state();
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
     if (button_result) {
       this->mode = mode;
       // We're using (custom) preset for Turbo, EXT HT, & M1-3 presets, so changing climate mode will clear those
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
     }
   }
@@ -144,7 +144,8 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
 
       if (result) {
         this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
-        this->set_preset_(CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST);
+        this->preset = CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST;
+        this->custom_preset.reset();
       }
     } else if (preset == CLIMATE_PRESET_NONE && this->preset.has_value()) {
       if (this->mode == CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT && this->preset == CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST) {
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
         result = this->parent_->send_button(heat_button(this->heating_mode_));
         if (result) {
           this->preset.reset();
-          this->clear_custom_preset_();
+          this->custom_preset.reset();
         }
       } else {
         ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Ignoring preset '%s' call; with current mode '%s' and preset '%s'",
@@ -163,27 +164,28 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unsupported preset: %d", preset);
       return;
     }
-  } else if (call.has_custom_preset()) {
+  } else if (call.get_custom_preset().has_value()) {
-    const char *preset = call.get_custom_preset();
+    std::string preset = *call.get_custom_preset();
     bool result;
 
-    if (strcmp(preset, "M1") == 0) {
+    if (preset == "M1") {
       result = this->parent_->button_memory1();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "M2") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "M2") {
       result = this->parent_->button_memory2();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "M3") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "M3") {
       result = this->parent_->button_memory3();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "LTD HT") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "LTD HT") {
       result = this->parent_->button_heat();
-    } else if (strcmp(preset, "EXT HT") == 0) {
+    } else if (preset == "EXT HT") {
       result = this->parent_->button_ext_heat();
     } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unsupported preset: %s", preset);
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Unsupported preset: %s", preset.c_str());
       return;
     }
 
     if (result) {
-      this->set_custom_preset_(preset);
+      this->custom_preset = preset;
+      this->preset.reset();
     }
   }
 
@@ -205,16 +207,19 @@ void BedJetClimate::control(const ClimateCall &call) {
     }
 
     if (result) {
-      this->set_fan_mode_(fan_mode);
+      this->fan_mode = fan_mode;
+      this->custom_fan_mode.reset();
     }
-  } else if (call.has_custom_fan_mode()) {
+  } else if (call.get_custom_fan_mode().has_value()) {
-    const char *fan_mode = call.get_custom_fan_mode();
+    auto fan_mode = *call.get_custom_fan_mode();
     auto fan_index = bedjet_fan_speed_to_step(fan_mode);
     if (fan_index <= 19) {
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Converted fan mode %s to bedjet fan step %d", this->get_name().c_str(), fan_mode, fan_index);
+      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "[%s] Converted fan mode %s to bedjet fan step %d", this->get_name().c_str(), fan_mode.c_str(),
+               fan_index);
       bool result = this->parent_->set_fan_index(fan_index);
       if (result) {
-        this->set_custom_fan_mode_(fan_mode);
+        this->custom_fan_mode = fan_mode;
+        this->fan_mode.reset();
       }
     }
   }
@@ -240,7 +245,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
 
   const auto *fan_mode_name = bedjet_fan_step_to_fan_mode(data->fan_step);
   if (fan_mode_name != nullptr) {
-    this->set_custom_fan_mode_(fan_mode_name);
+    this->custom_fan_mode = *fan_mode_name;
   }
 
   // TODO: Get biorhythm data to determine which preset (M1-3) is running, if any.
@@ -250,7 +255,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_OFF;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_IDLE;
       this->fan_mode = CLIMATE_FAN_OFF;
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
       break;
 
@@ -261,7 +266,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
       if (this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED) {
         this->set_custom_preset_("LTD HT");
       } else {
-        this->clear_custom_preset_();
+        this->custom_preset.reset();
       }
       break;
 
@@ -270,7 +275,7 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_HEATING;
       this->preset.reset();
       if (this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED) {
-        this->clear_custom_preset_();
+        this->custom_preset.reset();
       } else {
         this->set_custom_preset_("EXT HT");
       }
@@ -279,19 +284,20 @@ void BedJetClimate::on_status(const BedjetStatusPacket *data) {
     case MODE_COOL:
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_FAN_ONLY;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_COOLING;
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
       break;
 
     case MODE_DRY:
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_DRY;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_DRYING;
-      this->clear_custom_preset_();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->preset.reset();
       break;
 
     case MODE_TURBO:
-      this->set_preset_(CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST);
+      this->preset = CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST;
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
       this->mode = CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT;
       this->action = CLIMATE_ACTION_HEATING;
       break;

esphome/components/bedjet/climate/bedjet_climate.h

@@ -50,13 +50,21 @@ class BedJetClimate : public climate::Climate, public BedJetClient, public Polli
         // Climate doesn't have a "TURBO" mode, but we can use the BOOST preset instead.
         climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_BOOST,
     });
-    // String literals are stored in rodata and valid for program lifetime
     traits.set_supported_custom_presets({
-        this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED ? "LTD HT" : "EXT HT",
+        // We could fetch biodata from bedjet and set these names that way.
+        // But then we have to invert the lookup in order to send the right preset.
+        // For now, we can leave them as M1-3 to match the remote buttons.
+        // EXT HT added to match remote button.
+        "EXT HT",
         "M1",
         "M2",
         "M3",
     });
+    if (this->heating_mode_ == HEAT_MODE_EXTENDED) {
+      traits.add_supported_custom_preset("LTD HT");
+    } else {
+      traits.add_supported_custom_preset("EXT HT");
+    }
     traits.set_visual_min_temperature(19.0);
     traits.set_visual_max_temperature(43.0);
     traits.set_visual_temperature_step(1.0);

esphome/components/binary_sensor/automation.h

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class StateChangeTrigger : public Trigger<optional<bool>, optional<bool> > {
 template<typename... Ts> class BinarySensorCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
   BinarySensorCondition(BinarySensor *parent, bool state) : parent_(parent), state_(state) {}
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->parent_->state == this->state_; }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->parent_->state == this->state_; }
 
  protected:
   BinarySensor *parent_;
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BinarySensorPublishAction : public Action<Ts...>
   explicit BinarySensorPublishAction(BinarySensor *sensor) : sensor_(sensor) {}
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, state)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto val = this->state_.value(x...);
     this->sensor_->publish_state(val);
   }
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BinarySensorInvalidateAction : public Action<Ts..
  public:
   explicit BinarySensorInvalidateAction(BinarySensor *sensor) : sensor_(sensor) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->sensor_->invalidate_state(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->sensor_->invalidate_state(); }
 
  protected:
   BinarySensor *sensor_;

esphome/components/binary_sensor/binary_sensor.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 #include "binary_sensor.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -39,9 +37,6 @@ void BinarySensor::send_state_internal(bool new_state) {
   // Note that set_state_ de-dups and will only trigger callbacks if the state has actually changed
   if (this->set_state_(new_state)) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': New state is %s", this->get_name().c_str(), ONOFF(new_state));
-#if defined(USE_BINARY_SENSOR) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-    ControllerRegistry::notify_binary_sensor_update(this);
-#endif
   }
 }
 

esphome/components/bl0906/bl0906.h

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class BL0906 : public PollingComponent, public uart::UARTDevice {
 
 template<typename... Ts> class ResetEnergyAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<BL0906> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->enqueue_action_(&BL0906::reset_energy_); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->enqueue_action_(&BL0906::reset_energy_); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace bl0906

esphome/components/bl0940/number/calibration_number.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ static const char *const TAG = "bl0940.number";
 void CalibrationNumber::setup() {
   float value = 0.0f;
   if (this->restore_value_) {
-    this->pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<float>(this->get_preference_hash());
+    this->pref_ = global_preferences->make_preference<float>(this->get_object_id_hash());
     if (!this->pref_.load(&value)) {
       value = 0.0f;
     }

esphome/components/ble_client/__init__.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ from esphome.const import (
     CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
     CONF_VALUE,
 )
-from esphome.core import ID
 
 AUTO_LOAD = ["esp32_ble_client"]
 CODEOWNERS = ["@buxtronix", "@clydebarrow"]
@@ -199,12 +198,7 @@ async def ble_write_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
         templ = await cg.templatable(value, args, cg.std_vector.template(cg.uint8))
         cg.add(var.set_value_template(templ))
     else:
-        # Generate static array in flash to avoid RAM copy
+        cg.add(var.set_value_simple(value))
-        if isinstance(value, bytes):
-            value = list(value)
-        arr_id = ID(f"{action_id}_data", is_declaration=True, type=cg.uint8)
-        arr = cg.static_const_array(arr_id, cg.ArrayInitializer(*value))
-        cg.add(var.set_value_simple(arr, len(value)))
 
     if len(config[CONF_SERVICE_UUID]) == len(esp32_ble_tracker.bt_uuid16_format):
         cg.add(

esphome/components/ble_client/automation.h

@@ -96,8 +96,11 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientWriteAction : public Action<Ts...>, publ
   BLEClientWriteAction(BLEClient *ble_client) {
     ble_client->register_ble_node(this);
     ble_client_ = ble_client;
+    this->construct_simple_value_();
   }
 
+  ~BLEClientWriteAction() { this->destroy_simple_value_(); }
+
   void set_service_uuid16(uint16_t uuid) { this->service_uuid_ = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_uint16(uuid); }
   void set_service_uuid32(uint32_t uuid) { this->service_uuid_ = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_uint32(uuid); }
   void set_service_uuid128(uint8_t *uuid) { this->service_uuid_ = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_raw(uuid); }
@@ -107,29 +110,25 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientWriteAction : public Action<Ts...>, publ
   void set_char_uuid128(uint8_t *uuid) { this->char_uuid_ = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_raw(uuid); }
 
   void set_value_template(std::vector<uint8_t> (*func)(Ts...)) {
-    this->value_.func = func;
+    this->destroy_simple_value_();
-    this->len_ = -1;  // Sentinel value indicates template mode
+    this->value_.template_func = func;
+    this->has_simple_value_ = false;
   }
 
-  // Store pointer to static data in flash (no RAM copy)
+  void set_value_simple(const std::vector<uint8_t> &value) {
-  void set_value_simple(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
+    if (!this->has_simple_value_) {
-    this->value_.data = data;
+      this->construct_simple_value_();
-    this->len_ = len;  // Length >= 0 indicates static mode
+    }
+    this->value_.simple = value;
+    this->has_simple_value_ = true;
   }
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {}
+  void play(Ts... x) override {}
 
-  void play_complex(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play_complex(Ts... x) override {
     this->num_running_++;
     this->var_ = std::make_tuple(x...);
-    std::vector<uint8_t> value;
+    auto value = this->has_simple_value_ ? this->value_.simple : this->value_.template_func(x...);
-    if (this->len_ >= 0) {
-      // Static mode: copy from flash to vector
-      value.assign(this->value_.data, this->value_.data + this->len_);
-    } else {
-      // Template mode: call function
-      value = this->value_.func(x...);
-    }
     // on write failure, continue the automation chain rather than stopping so that e.g. disconnect can work.
     if (!write(value))
       this->play_next_(x...);
@@ -202,11 +201,21 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientWriteAction : public Action<Ts...>, publ
   }
 
  private:
+  void construct_simple_value_() { new (&this->value_.simple) std::vector<uint8_t>(); }
+
+  void destroy_simple_value_() {
+    if (this->has_simple_value_) {
+      this->value_.simple.~vector();
+    }
+  }
+
   BLEClient *ble_client_;
-  ssize_t len_{-1};  // -1 = template mode, >=0 = static mode with length
+  bool has_simple_value_ = true;
   union Value {
-    std::vector<uint8_t> (*func)(Ts...);  // Function pointer (stateless lambdas)
+    std::vector<uint8_t> simple;
-    const uint8_t *data;                  // Pointer to static data in flash
+    std::vector<uint8_t> (*template_func)(Ts...);
+    Value() {}   // trivial constructor
+    ~Value() {}  // trivial destructor - we manage lifetime via discriminator
   } value_;
   espbt::ESPBTUUID service_uuid_;
   espbt::ESPBTUUID char_uuid_;
@@ -220,7 +229,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientPasskeyReplyAction : public Action<Ts...
  public:
   BLEClientPasskeyReplyAction(BLEClient *ble_client) { parent_ = ble_client; }
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     uint32_t passkey;
     if (has_simple_value_) {
       passkey = this->value_.simple;
@@ -257,7 +266,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientNumericComparisonReplyAction : public Ac
  public:
   BLEClientNumericComparisonReplyAction(BLEClient *ble_client) { parent_ = ble_client; }
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     esp_bd_addr_t remote_bda;
     memcpy(remote_bda, parent_->get_remote_bda(), sizeof(esp_bd_addr_t));
     if (has_simple_value_) {
@@ -290,7 +299,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientRemoveBondAction : public Action<Ts...>
  public:
   BLEClientRemoveBondAction(BLEClient *ble_client) { parent_ = ble_client; }
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     esp_bd_addr_t remote_bda;
     memcpy(remote_bda, parent_->get_remote_bda(), sizeof(esp_bd_addr_t));
     esp_ble_remove_bond_device(remote_bda);
@@ -325,9 +334,9 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientConnectAction : public Action<Ts...>, pu
   }
 
   // not used since we override play_complex_
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {}
+  void play(Ts... x) override {}
 
-  void play_complex(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play_complex(Ts... x) override {
     // it makes no sense to have multiple instances of this running at the same time.
     // this would occur only if the same automation was re-triggered while still
     // running. So just cancel the second chain if this is detected.
@@ -370,9 +379,9 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEClientDisconnectAction : public Action<Ts...>,
   }
 
   // not used since we override play_complex_
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {}
+  void play(Ts... x) override {}
 
-  void play_complex(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play_complex(Ts... x) override {
     this->num_running_++;
     if (this->node_state == espbt::ClientState::IDLE) {
       this->play_next_(x...);

esphome/components/ble_client/sensor/ble_sensor.cpp

@@ -77,9 +77,6 @@ void BLESensor::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t ga
         }
       } else {
         this->node_state = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
-        // For non-notify characteristics, trigger an immediate read after service discovery
-        // to avoid peripherals disconnecting due to inactivity
-        this->update();
       }
       break;
     }

esphome/components/ble_client/text_sensor/ble_text_sensor.cpp

@@ -79,9 +79,6 @@ void BLETextSensor::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_
         }
       } else {
         this->node_state = espbt::ClientState::ESTABLISHED;
-        // For non-notify characteristics, trigger an immediate read after service discovery
-        // to avoid peripherals disconnecting due to inactivity
-        this->update();
       }
       break;
     }

esphome/components/button/automation.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class PressAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit PressAction(Button *button) : button_(button) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->button_->press(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->button_->press(); }
 
  protected:
   Button *button_;

esphome/components/canbus/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_DATA, CONF_ID, CONF_TRIGGER_ID
-from esphome.core import CORE, ID
+from esphome.core import CORE
 
 CODEOWNERS = ["@mvturnho", "@danielschramm"]
 IS_PLATFORM_COMPONENT = True
@@ -176,8 +176,5 @@ async def canbus_action_to_code(config, action_id, template_arg, args):
     else:
         if isinstance(data, bytes):
             data = [int(x) for x in data]
-        # Generate static array in flash to avoid RAM copy
+        cg.add(var.set_data_static(data))
-        arr_id = ID(f"{action_id}_data", is_declaration=True, type=cg.uint8)
-        arr = cg.static_const_array(arr_id, cg.ArrayInitializer(*data))
-        cg.add(var.set_data_static(arr, len(data)))
     return var

esphome/components/canbus/canbus.h

@@ -112,16 +112,13 @@ class Canbus : public Component {
 
 template<typename... Ts> class CanbusSendAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<Canbus> {
  public:
-  void set_data_template(std::vector<uint8_t> (*func)(Ts...)) {
+  void set_data_template(const std::function<std::vector<uint8_t>(Ts...)> func) {
-    // Stateless lambdas (generated by ESPHome) implicitly convert to function pointers
+    this->data_func_ = func;
-    this->data_.func = func;
+    this->static_ = false;
-    this->len_ = -1;  // Sentinel value indicates template mode
   }
-
+  void set_data_static(const std::vector<uint8_t> &data) {
-  // Store pointer to static data in flash (no RAM copy)
+    this->data_static_ = data;
-  void set_data_static(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
+    this->static_ = true;
-    this->data_.data = data;
-    this->len_ = len;  // Length >= 0 indicates static mode
   }
 
   void set_can_id(uint32_t can_id) { this->can_id_ = can_id; }
@@ -132,30 +129,25 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CanbusSendAction : public Action<Ts...>, public P
     this->remote_transmission_request_ = remote_transmission_request;
   }
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto can_id = this->can_id_.has_value() ? *this->can_id_ : this->parent_->can_id_;
     auto use_extended_id =
         this->use_extended_id_.has_value() ? *this->use_extended_id_ : this->parent_->use_extended_id_;
-    std::vector<uint8_t> data;
+    if (this->static_) {
-    if (this->len_ >= 0) {
+      this->parent_->send_data(can_id, use_extended_id, this->remote_transmission_request_, this->data_static_);
-      // Static mode: copy from flash to vector
-      data.assign(this->data_.data, this->data_.data + this->len_);
     } else {
-      // Template mode: call function
+      auto val = this->data_func_(x...);
-      data = this->data_.func(x...);
+      this->parent_->send_data(can_id, use_extended_id, this->remote_transmission_request_, val);
     }
-    this->parent_->send_data(can_id, use_extended_id, this->remote_transmission_request_, data);
   }
 
  protected:
   optional<uint32_t> can_id_{};
   optional<bool> use_extended_id_{};
   bool remote_transmission_request_{false};
-  ssize_t len_{-1};  // -1 = template mode, >=0 = static mode with length
+  bool static_{false};
-  union Data {
+  std::function<std::vector<uint8_t>(Ts...)> data_func_{};
-    std::vector<uint8_t> (*func)(Ts...);  // Function pointer (stateless lambdas)
+  std::vector<uint8_t> data_static_{};
-    const uint8_t *data;                  // Pointer to static data in flash
-  } data_;
 };
 
 class CanbusTrigger : public Trigger<std::vector<uint8_t>, uint32_t, bool>, public Component {

esphome/components/climate/automation.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ControlAction : public Action<Ts...> {
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, custom_preset)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(ClimateSwingMode, swing_mode)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->climate_->make_call();
     call.set_mode(this->mode_.optional_value(x...));
     call.set_target_temperature(this->target_temperature_.optional_value(x...));

esphome/components/climate/climate.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 #include "climate.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #include "esphome/core/macros.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -52,21 +50,21 @@ void ClimateCall::perform() {
     const LogString *mode_s = climate_mode_to_string(*this->mode_);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(mode_s));
   }
-  if (this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr) {
+  if (this->custom_fan_mode_.has_value()) {
     this->fan_mode_.reset();
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Fan: %s", this->custom_fan_mode_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Fan: %s", this->custom_fan_mode_.value().c_str());
   }
   if (this->fan_mode_.has_value()) {
-    this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+    this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
     const LogString *fan_mode_s = climate_fan_mode_to_string(*this->fan_mode_);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Fan: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(fan_mode_s));
   }
-  if (this->custom_preset_ != nullptr) {
+  if (this->custom_preset_.has_value()) {
     this->preset_.reset();
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset_.value().c_str());
   }
   if (this->preset_.has_value()) {
-    this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+    this->custom_preset_.reset();
     const LogString *preset_s = climate_preset_to_string(*this->preset_);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(preset_s));
   }
@@ -98,10 +96,11 @@ void ClimateCall::validate_() {
       this->mode_.reset();
     }
   }
-  if (this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr) {
+  if (this->custom_fan_mode_.has_value()) {
-    if (!traits.supports_custom_fan_mode(this->custom_fan_mode_)) {
+    auto custom_fan_mode = *this->custom_fan_mode_;
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Fan Mode %s not supported", this->custom_fan_mode_);
+    if (!traits.supports_custom_fan_mode(custom_fan_mode)) {
-      this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Fan Mode %s not supported", custom_fan_mode.c_str());
+      this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
     }
   } else if (this->fan_mode_.has_value()) {
     auto fan_mode = *this->fan_mode_;
@@ -110,10 +109,11 @@ void ClimateCall::validate_() {
       this->fan_mode_.reset();
     }
   }
-  if (this->custom_preset_ != nullptr) {
+  if (this->custom_preset_.has_value()) {
-    if (!traits.supports_custom_preset(this->custom_preset_)) {
+    auto custom_preset = *this->custom_preset_;
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Preset %s not supported", this->custom_preset_);
+    if (!traits.supports_custom_preset(custom_preset)) {
-      this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "  Preset %s not supported", custom_preset.c_str());
+      this->custom_preset_.reset();
     }
   } else if (this->preset_.has_value()) {
     auto preset = *this->preset_;
@@ -186,29 +186,26 @@ ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_mode(const std::string &mode) {
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode fan_mode) {
   this->fan_mode_ = fan_mode;
-  this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(const char *custom_fan_mode) {
+ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(const std::string &fan_mode) {
-  // Check if it's a standard enum mode first
   for (const auto &mode_entry : CLIMATE_FAN_MODES_BY_STR) {
-    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(custom_fan_mode, mode_entry.str)) {
+    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(fan_mode, mode_entry.str)) {
-      return this->set_fan_mode(static_cast<ClimateFanMode>(mode_entry.value));
+      this->set_fan_mode(static_cast<ClimateFanMode>(mode_entry.value));
+      return *this;
     }
   }
-  // Find the matching pointer from parent climate device
+  if (this->parent_->get_traits().supports_custom_fan_mode(fan_mode)) {
-  if (const char *mode_ptr = this->parent_->find_custom_fan_mode_(custom_fan_mode)) {
+    this->custom_fan_mode_ = fan_mode;
-    this->custom_fan_mode_ = mode_ptr;
     this->fan_mode_.reset();
-    return *this;
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized fan mode %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), fan_mode.c_str());
   }
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized fan mode %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), custom_fan_mode);
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(const std::string &fan_mode) { return this->set_fan_mode(fan_mode.c_str()); }
-
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(optional<std::string> fan_mode) {
   if (fan_mode.has_value()) {
     this->set_fan_mode(fan_mode.value());
@@ -218,29 +215,26 @@ ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(optional<std::string> fan_mode) {
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(ClimatePreset preset) {
   this->preset_ = preset;
-  this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_preset_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(const char *custom_preset) {
+ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(const std::string &preset) {
-  // Check if it's a standard enum preset first
   for (const auto &preset_entry : CLIMATE_PRESETS_BY_STR) {
-    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(custom_preset, preset_entry.str)) {
+    if (str_equals_case_insensitive(preset, preset_entry.str)) {
-      return this->set_preset(static_cast<ClimatePreset>(preset_entry.value));
+      this->set_preset(static_cast<ClimatePreset>(preset_entry.value));
+      return *this;
     }
   }
-  // Find the matching pointer from parent climate device
+  if (this->parent_->get_traits().supports_custom_preset(preset)) {
-  if (const char *preset_ptr = this->parent_->find_custom_preset_(custom_preset)) {
+    this->custom_preset_ = preset;
-    this->custom_preset_ = preset_ptr;
     this->preset_.reset();
-    return *this;
+  } else {
+    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized preset %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), preset.c_str());
   }
-  ESP_LOGW(TAG, "'%s' - Unrecognized preset %s", this->parent_->get_name().c_str(), custom_preset);
   return *this;
 }
 
-ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(const std::string &preset) { return this->set_preset(preset.c_str()); }
-
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(optional<std::string> preset) {
   if (preset.has_value()) {
     this->set_preset(preset.value());
@@ -293,6 +287,8 @@ const optional<ClimateMode> &ClimateCall::get_mode() const { return this->mode_;
 const optional<ClimateFanMode> &ClimateCall::get_fan_mode() const { return this->fan_mode_; }
 const optional<ClimateSwingMode> &ClimateCall::get_swing_mode() const { return this->swing_mode_; }
 const optional<ClimatePreset> &ClimateCall::get_preset() const { return this->preset_; }
+const optional<std::string> &ClimateCall::get_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_; }
+const optional<std::string> &ClimateCall::get_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_; }
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_target_temperature_high(optional<float> target_temperature_high) {
   this->target_temperature_high_ = target_temperature_high;
@@ -321,13 +317,13 @@ ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_mode(optional<ClimateMode> mode) {
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_fan_mode(optional<ClimateFanMode> fan_mode) {
   this->fan_mode_ = fan_mode;
-  this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_fan_mode_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
 ClimateCall &ClimateCall::set_preset(optional<ClimatePreset> preset) {
   this->preset_ = preset;
-  this->custom_preset_ = nullptr;
+  this->custom_preset_.reset();
   return *this;
 }
 
@@ -386,13 +382,13 @@ void Climate::save_state_() {
     state.uses_custom_fan_mode = false;
     state.fan_mode = this->fan_mode.value();
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && this->has_custom_fan_mode()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
     state.uses_custom_fan_mode = true;
     const auto &supported = traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes();
     // std::vector maintains insertion order
     size_t i = 0;
-    for (const char *mode : supported) {
+    for (const auto &mode : supported) {
-      if (strcmp(mode, this->custom_fan_mode_) == 0) {
+      if (mode == custom_fan_mode) {
         state.custom_fan_mode = i;
         break;
       }
@@ -403,13 +399,13 @@ void Climate::save_state_() {
     state.uses_custom_preset = false;
     state.preset = this->preset.value();
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && this->has_custom_preset()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && custom_preset.has_value()) {
     state.uses_custom_preset = true;
     const auto &supported = traits.get_supported_custom_presets();
     // std::vector maintains insertion order
     size_t i = 0;
-    for (const char *preset : supported) {
+    for (const auto &preset : supported) {
-      if (strcmp(preset, this->custom_preset_) == 0) {
+      if (preset == custom_preset) {
         state.custom_preset = i;
         break;
       }
@@ -434,14 +430,14 @@ void Climate::publish_state() {
   if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && this->fan_mode.has_value()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Fan Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_fan_mode_to_string(this->fan_mode.value())));
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && this->has_custom_fan_mode()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && this->custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Fan Mode: %s", this->custom_fan_mode_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Fan Mode: %s", this->custom_fan_mode.value().c_str());
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_presets() && this->preset.has_value()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Preset: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_preset_to_string(this->preset.value())));
   }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && this->has_custom_preset()) {
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && this->custom_preset.has_value()) {
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset_);
+    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Custom Preset: %s", this->custom_preset.value().c_str());
   }
   if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes()) {
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Swing Mode: %s", LOG_STR_ARG(climate_swing_mode_to_string(this->swing_mode)));
@@ -465,9 +461,6 @@ void Climate::publish_state() {
 
   // Send state to frontend
   this->state_callback_.call(*this);
-#if defined(USE_CLIMATE) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-  ControllerRegistry::notify_climate_update(this);
-#endif
   // Save state
   this->save_state_();
 }
@@ -534,7 +527,7 @@ ClimateCall ClimateDeviceRestoreState::to_call(Climate *climate) {
   if (this->uses_custom_fan_mode) {
     if (this->custom_fan_mode < traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().size()) {
       call.fan_mode_.reset();
-      call.custom_fan_mode_ = traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes()[this->custom_fan_mode];
+      call.custom_fan_mode_ = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().cbegin(), this->custom_fan_mode);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_fan_mode(this->fan_mode)) {
     call.set_fan_mode(this->fan_mode);
@@ -542,7 +535,7 @@ ClimateCall ClimateDeviceRestoreState::to_call(Climate *climate) {
   if (this->uses_custom_preset) {
     if (this->custom_preset < traits.get_supported_custom_presets().size()) {
       call.preset_.reset();
-      call.custom_preset_ = traits.get_supported_custom_presets()[this->custom_preset];
+      call.custom_preset_ = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_presets().cbegin(), this->custom_preset);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_preset(this->preset)) {
     call.set_preset(this->preset);
@@ -569,20 +562,20 @@ void ClimateDeviceRestoreState::apply(Climate *climate) {
   if (this->uses_custom_fan_mode) {
     if (this->custom_fan_mode < traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().size()) {
       climate->fan_mode.reset();
-      climate->custom_fan_mode_ = traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes()[this->custom_fan_mode];
+      climate->custom_fan_mode = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().cbegin(), this->custom_fan_mode);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_fan_mode(this->fan_mode)) {
     climate->fan_mode = this->fan_mode;
-    climate->clear_custom_fan_mode_();
+    climate->custom_fan_mode.reset();
   }
   if (this->uses_custom_preset) {
     if (this->custom_preset < traits.get_supported_custom_presets().size()) {
       climate->preset.reset();
-      climate->custom_preset_ = traits.get_supported_custom_presets()[this->custom_preset];
+      climate->custom_preset = *std::next(traits.get_supported_custom_presets().cbegin(), this->custom_preset);
     }
   } else if (traits.supports_preset(this->preset)) {
     climate->preset = this->preset;
-    climate->clear_custom_preset_();
+    climate->custom_preset.reset();
   }
   if (traits.supports_swing_mode(this->swing_mode)) {
     climate->swing_mode = this->swing_mode;
@@ -590,107 +583,28 @@ void ClimateDeviceRestoreState::apply(Climate *climate) {
   climate->publish_state();
 }
 
-/** Template helper for setting primary modes (fan_mode, preset) with mutual exclusion.
+template<typename T1, typename T2> bool set_alternative(optional<T1> &dst, optional<T2> &alt, const T1 &src) {
- *
+  bool is_changed = alt.has_value();
- * Climate devices have mutually exclusive mode pairs:
+  alt.reset();
- *   - fan_mode (enum) vs custom_fan_mode_ (const char*)
+  if (is_changed || dst != src) {
- *   - preset (enum) vs custom_preset_ (const char*)
+    dst = src;
- *
+    is_changed = true;
- * Only one mode in each pair can be active at a time. This helper ensures setting a primary
- * mode automatically clears its corresponding custom mode.
- *
- * Example state transitions:
- *   Before: custom_fan_mode_="Turbo", fan_mode=nullopt
- *   Call:   set_fan_mode_(CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH)
- *   After:  custom_fan_mode_=nullptr,   fan_mode=CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH
- *
- * @param primary The primary mode optional (fan_mode or preset)
- * @param custom_ptr Reference to the custom mode pointer (custom_fan_mode_ or custom_preset_)
- * @param value The new primary mode value to set
- * @return true if state changed, false if already set to this value
- */
-template<typename T> bool set_primary_mode(optional<T> &primary, const char *&custom_ptr, T value) {
-  // Clear the custom mode (mutual exclusion)
-  bool changed = custom_ptr != nullptr;
-  custom_ptr = nullptr;
-  // Set the primary mode
-  if (changed || !primary.has_value() || primary.value() != value) {
-    primary = value;
-    return true;
   }
-  return false;
+  return is_changed;
-}
-
-/** Template helper for setting custom modes (custom_fan_mode_, custom_preset_) with mutual exclusion.
- *
- * This helper ensures setting a custom mode automatically clears its corresponding primary mode.
- * It also validates that the custom mode exists in the device's supported modes (lifetime safety).
- *
- * Example state transitions:
- *   Before: fan_mode=CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH, custom_fan_mode_=nullptr
- *   Call:   set_custom_fan_mode_("Turbo")
- *   After:  fan_mode=nullopt,          custom_fan_mode_="Turbo" (pointer from traits)
- *
- * Lifetime Safety:
- *   - found_ptr must come from traits.find_custom_*_mode_()
- *   - Only pointers found in traits are stored, ensuring they remain valid
- *   - Prevents dangling pointers from temporary strings
- *
- * @param custom_ptr Reference to the custom mode pointer to set
- * @param primary The primary mode optional to clear
- * @param found_ptr The validated pointer from traits (nullptr if not found)
- * @param has_custom Whether a custom mode is currently active
- * @return true if state changed, false otherwise
- */
-template<typename T>
-bool set_custom_mode(const char *&custom_ptr, optional<T> &primary, const char *found_ptr, bool has_custom) {
-  if (found_ptr != nullptr) {
-    // Clear the primary mode (mutual exclusion)
-    bool changed = primary.has_value();
-    primary.reset();
-    // Set the custom mode (pointer is validated by caller from traits)
-    if (changed || custom_ptr != found_ptr) {
-      custom_ptr = found_ptr;
-      return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-  // Mode not found in supported modes, clear it if currently set
-  if (has_custom) {
-    custom_ptr = nullptr;
-    return true;
-  }
-  return false;
 }
 
 bool Climate::set_fan_mode_(ClimateFanMode mode) {
-  return set_primary_mode(this->fan_mode, this->custom_fan_mode_, mode);
+  return set_alternative(this->fan_mode, this->custom_fan_mode, mode);
 }
 
-bool Climate::set_custom_fan_mode_(const char *mode) {
+bool Climate::set_custom_fan_mode_(const std::string &mode) {
-  auto traits = this->get_traits();
+  return set_alternative(this->custom_fan_mode, this->fan_mode, mode);
-  return set_custom_mode<ClimateFanMode>(this->custom_fan_mode_, this->fan_mode, traits.find_custom_fan_mode_(mode),
-                                         this->has_custom_fan_mode());
 }
 
-void Climate::clear_custom_fan_mode_() { this->custom_fan_mode_ = nullptr; }
+bool Climate::set_preset_(ClimatePreset preset) { return set_alternative(this->preset, this->custom_preset, preset); }
 
-bool Climate::set_preset_(ClimatePreset preset) { return set_primary_mode(this->preset, this->custom_preset_, preset); }
+bool Climate::set_custom_preset_(const std::string &preset) {
-
+  return set_alternative(this->custom_preset, this->preset, preset);
-bool Climate::set_custom_preset_(const char *preset) {
-  auto traits = this->get_traits();
-  return set_custom_mode<ClimatePreset>(this->custom_preset_, this->preset, traits.find_custom_preset_(preset),
-                                        this->has_custom_preset());
-}
-
-void Climate::clear_custom_preset_() { this->custom_preset_ = nullptr; }
-
-const char *Climate::find_custom_fan_mode_(const char *custom_fan_mode) {
-  return this->get_traits().find_custom_fan_mode_(custom_fan_mode);
-}
-
-const char *Climate::find_custom_preset_(const char *custom_preset) {
-  return this->get_traits().find_custom_preset_(custom_preset);
 }
 
 void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
@@ -742,8 +656,8 @@ void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported custom fan modes:");
-    for (const char *s : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes())
+    for (const std::string &s : traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes())
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s);
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s.c_str());
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_presets().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported presets:");
@@ -752,8 +666,8 @@ void Climate::dump_traits_(const char *tag) {
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported custom presets:");
-    for (const char *s : traits.get_supported_custom_presets())
+    for (const std::string &s : traits.get_supported_custom_presets())
-      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s);
+      ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  - %s", s.c_str());
   }
   if (!traits.get_supported_swing_modes().empty()) {
     ESP_LOGCONFIG(tag, "  Supported swing modes:");

esphome/components/climate/climate.h

@@ -77,8 +77,6 @@ class ClimateCall {
   ClimateCall &set_fan_mode(const std::string &fan_mode);
   /// Set the fan mode of the climate device based on a string.
   ClimateCall &set_fan_mode(optional<std::string> fan_mode);
-  /// Set the custom fan mode of the climate device.
-  ClimateCall &set_fan_mode(const char *custom_fan_mode);
   /// Set the swing mode of the climate device.
   ClimateCall &set_swing_mode(ClimateSwingMode swing_mode);
   /// Set the swing mode of the climate device.
@@ -93,8 +91,6 @@ class ClimateCall {
   ClimateCall &set_preset(const std::string &preset);
   /// Set the preset of the climate device based on a string.
   ClimateCall &set_preset(optional<std::string> preset);
-  /// Set the custom preset of the climate device.
-  ClimateCall &set_preset(const char *custom_preset);
 
   void perform();
 
@@ -107,10 +103,8 @@ class ClimateCall {
   const optional<ClimateFanMode> &get_fan_mode() const;
   const optional<ClimateSwingMode> &get_swing_mode() const;
   const optional<ClimatePreset> &get_preset() const;
-  const char *get_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_; }
+  const optional<std::string> &get_custom_fan_mode() const;
-  const char *get_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_; }
+  const optional<std::string> &get_custom_preset() const;
-  bool has_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr; }
-  bool has_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_ != nullptr; }
 
  protected:
   void validate_();
@@ -124,10 +118,8 @@ class ClimateCall {
   optional<ClimateFanMode> fan_mode_;
   optional<ClimateSwingMode> swing_mode_;
   optional<ClimatePreset> preset_;
-
+  optional<std::string> custom_fan_mode_;
- private:
+  optional<std::string> custom_preset_;
-  const char *custom_fan_mode_{nullptr};
-  const char *custom_preset_{nullptr};
 };
 
 /// Struct used to save the state of the climate device in restore memory.
@@ -220,12 +212,6 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   void set_visual_min_humidity_override(float visual_min_humidity_override);
   void set_visual_max_humidity_override(float visual_max_humidity_override);
 
-  /// Check if a custom fan mode is currently active.
-  bool has_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_ != nullptr; }
-
-  /// Check if a custom preset is currently active.
-  bool has_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_ != nullptr; }
-
   /// The current temperature of the climate device, as reported from the integration.
   float current_temperature{NAN};
 
@@ -252,6 +238,12 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   /// The active preset of the climate device.
   optional<ClimatePreset> preset;
 
+  /// The active custom fan mode of the climate device.
+  optional<std::string> custom_fan_mode;
+
+  /// The active custom preset mode of the climate device.
+  optional<std::string> custom_preset;
+
   /// The active mode of the climate device.
   ClimateMode mode{CLIMATE_MODE_OFF};
 
@@ -261,37 +253,20 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   /// The active swing mode of the climate device.
   ClimateSwingMode swing_mode{CLIMATE_SWING_OFF};
 
-  /// Get the active custom fan mode (read-only access).
-  const char *get_custom_fan_mode() const { return this->custom_fan_mode_; }
-
-  /// Get the active custom preset (read-only access).
-  const char *get_custom_preset() const { return this->custom_preset_; }
-
  protected:
   friend ClimateCall;
-  friend struct ClimateDeviceRestoreState;
 
   /// Set fan mode. Reset custom fan mode. Return true if fan mode has been changed.
   bool set_fan_mode_(ClimateFanMode mode);
 
   /// Set custom fan mode. Reset primary fan mode. Return true if fan mode has been changed.
-  bool set_custom_fan_mode_(const char *mode);
+  bool set_custom_fan_mode_(const std::string &mode);
-  /// Clear custom fan mode.
-  void clear_custom_fan_mode_();
 
   /// Set preset. Reset custom preset. Return true if preset has been changed.
   bool set_preset_(ClimatePreset preset);
 
   /// Set custom preset. Reset primary preset. Return true if preset has been changed.
-  bool set_custom_preset_(const char *preset);
+  bool set_custom_preset_(const std::string &preset);
-  /// Clear custom preset.
-  void clear_custom_preset_();
-
-  /// Find and return the matching custom fan mode pointer from traits, or nullptr if not found.
-  const char *find_custom_fan_mode_(const char *custom_fan_mode);
-
-  /// Find and return the matching custom preset pointer from traits, or nullptr if not found.
-  const char *find_custom_preset_(const char *custom_preset);
 
   /** Get the default traits of this climate device.
    *
@@ -328,21 +303,6 @@ class Climate : public EntityBase {
   optional<float> visual_current_temperature_step_override_{};
   optional<float> visual_min_humidity_override_{};
   optional<float> visual_max_humidity_override_{};
-
- private:
-  /** The active custom fan mode (private - enforces use of safe setters).
-   *
-   * Points to an entry in traits.supported_custom_fan_modes_ or nullptr.
-   * Use get_custom_fan_mode() to read, set_custom_fan_mode_() to modify.
-   */
-  const char *custom_fan_mode_{nullptr};
-
-  /** The active custom preset (private - enforces use of safe setters).
-   *
-   * Points to an entry in traits.supported_custom_presets_ or nullptr.
-   * Use get_custom_preset() to read, set_custom_preset_() to modify.
-   */
-  const char *custom_preset_{nullptr};
 };
 
 }  // namespace climate

esphome/components/climate/climate_traits.h

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
 #include "climate_mode.h"
 #include "esphome/core/finite_set_mask.h"
@@ -19,25 +18,16 @@ using ClimateSwingModeMask =
     FiniteSetMask<ClimateSwingMode, DefaultBitPolicy<ClimateSwingMode, CLIMATE_SWING_HORIZONTAL + 1>>;
 using ClimatePresetMask = FiniteSetMask<ClimatePreset, DefaultBitPolicy<ClimatePreset, CLIMATE_PRESET_ACTIVITY + 1>>;
 
-// Lightweight linear search for small vectors (1-20 items) of const char* pointers
+// Lightweight linear search for small vectors (1-20 items)
 // Avoids std::find template overhead
-inline bool vector_contains(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char *value) {
+template<typename T> inline bool vector_contains(const std::vector<T> &vec, const T &value) {
-  for (const char *item : vec) {
+  for (const auto &item : vec) {
-    if (strcmp(item, value) == 0)
+    if (item == value)
       return true;
   }
   return false;
 }
 
-// Find and return matching pointer from vector, or nullptr if not found
-inline const char *vector_find(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char *value) {
-  for (const char *item : vec) {
-    if (strcmp(item, value) == 0)
-      return item;
-  }
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
 /** This class contains all static data for climate devices.
  *
  * All climate devices must support these features:
@@ -65,11 +55,7 @@ inline const char *vector_find(const std::vector<const char *> &vec, const char
  *  - temperature step - the step with which to increase/decrease target temperature.
  *     This also affects with how many decimal places the temperature is shown
  */
-class Climate;  // Forward declaration
-
 class ClimateTraits {
-  friend class Climate;  // Allow Climate to access protected find methods
-
  public:
   /// Get/set feature flags (see ClimateFeatures enum in climate_mode.h)
   uint32_t get_feature_flags() const { return this->feature_flags_; }
@@ -142,60 +128,46 @@ class ClimateTraits {
 
   void set_supported_fan_modes(ClimateFanModeMask modes) { this->supported_fan_modes_ = modes; }
   void add_supported_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode mode) { this->supported_fan_modes_.insert(mode); }
+  void add_supported_custom_fan_mode(const std::string &mode) { this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.push_back(mode); }
   bool supports_fan_mode(ClimateFanMode fan_mode) const { return this->supported_fan_modes_.count(fan_mode); }
   bool get_supports_fan_modes() const {
     return !this->supported_fan_modes_.empty() || !this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.empty();
   }
   const ClimateFanModeMask &get_supported_fan_modes() const { return this->supported_fan_modes_; }
 
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<const char *> modes) {
+  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_fan_modes) {
-    this->supported_custom_fan_modes_ = modes;
+    this->supported_custom_fan_modes_ = std::move(supported_custom_fan_modes);
   }
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(const std::vector<const char *> &modes) {
+  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<std::string> modes) {
     this->supported_custom_fan_modes_ = modes;
   }
   template<size_t N> void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(const char *const (&modes)[N]) {
     this->supported_custom_fan_modes_.assign(modes, modes + N);
   }
-
+  const std::vector<std::string> &get_supported_custom_fan_modes() const { return this->supported_custom_fan_modes_; }
-  // Deleted overloads to catch incorrect std::string usage at compile time with clear error messages
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(const std::vector<std::string> &modes) = delete;
-  void set_supported_custom_fan_modes(std::initializer_list<std::string> modes) = delete;
-
-  const std::vector<const char *> &get_supported_custom_fan_modes() const { return this->supported_custom_fan_modes_; }
-  bool supports_custom_fan_mode(const char *custom_fan_mode) const {
-    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_fan_modes_, custom_fan_mode);
-  }
   bool supports_custom_fan_mode(const std::string &custom_fan_mode) const {
-    return this->supports_custom_fan_mode(custom_fan_mode.c_str());
+    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_fan_modes_, custom_fan_mode);
   }
 
   void set_supported_presets(ClimatePresetMask presets) { this->supported_presets_ = presets; }
   void add_supported_preset(ClimatePreset preset) { this->supported_presets_.insert(preset); }
+  void add_supported_custom_preset(const std::string &preset) { this->supported_custom_presets_.push_back(preset); }
   bool supports_preset(ClimatePreset preset) const { return this->supported_presets_.count(preset); }
   bool get_supports_presets() const { return !this->supported_presets_.empty(); }
   const ClimatePresetMask &get_supported_presets() const { return this->supported_presets_; }
 
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::initializer_list<const char *> presets) {
+  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_presets) {
-    this->supported_custom_presets_ = presets;
+    this->supported_custom_presets_ = std::move(supported_custom_presets);
   }
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(const std::vector<const char *> &presets) {
+  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::initializer_list<std::string> presets) {
     this->supported_custom_presets_ = presets;
   }
   template<size_t N> void set_supported_custom_presets(const char *const (&presets)[N]) {
     this->supported_custom_presets_.assign(presets, presets + N);
   }
-
+  const std::vector<std::string> &get_supported_custom_presets() const { return this->supported_custom_presets_; }
-  // Deleted overloads to catch incorrect std::string usage at compile time with clear error messages
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(const std::vector<std::string> &presets) = delete;
-  void set_supported_custom_presets(std::initializer_list<std::string> presets) = delete;
-
-  const std::vector<const char *> &get_supported_custom_presets() const { return this->supported_custom_presets_; }
-  bool supports_custom_preset(const char *custom_preset) const {
-    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_presets_, custom_preset);
-  }
   bool supports_custom_preset(const std::string &custom_preset) const {
-    return this->supports_custom_preset(custom_preset.c_str());
+    return vector_contains(this->supported_custom_presets_, custom_preset);
   }
 
   void set_supported_swing_modes(ClimateSwingModeMask modes) { this->supported_swing_modes_ = modes; }
@@ -255,18 +227,6 @@ class ClimateTraits {
     }
   }
 
-  /// Find and return the matching custom fan mode pointer from supported modes, or nullptr if not found
-  /// This is protected as it's an implementation detail - use Climate::find_custom_fan_mode_() instead
-  const char *find_custom_fan_mode_(const char *custom_fan_mode) const {
-    return vector_find(this->supported_custom_fan_modes_, custom_fan_mode);
-  }
-
-  /// Find and return the matching custom preset pointer from supported presets, or nullptr if not found
-  /// This is protected as it's an implementation detail - use Climate::find_custom_preset_() instead
-  const char *find_custom_preset_(const char *custom_preset) const {
-    return vector_find(this->supported_custom_presets_, custom_preset);
-  }
-
   uint32_t feature_flags_{0};
   float visual_min_temperature_{10};
   float visual_max_temperature_{30};
@@ -279,17 +239,8 @@ class ClimateTraits {
   climate::ClimateFanModeMask supported_fan_modes_;
   climate::ClimateSwingModeMask supported_swing_modes_;
   climate::ClimatePresetMask supported_presets_;
-
+  std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_fan_modes_;
-  /** Custom mode storage using const char* pointers to eliminate std::string overhead.
+  std::vector<std::string> supported_custom_presets_;
-   *
-   * Pointers must remain valid for the ClimateTraits lifetime. Safe patterns:
-   *  - String literals: set_supported_custom_fan_modes({"Turbo", "Silent"})
-   *  - Static const data: static const char* MODE = "Eco";
-   *
-   * Climate class setters validate pointers are from these vectors before storing.
-   */
-  std::vector<const char *> supported_custom_fan_modes_;
-  std::vector<const char *> supported_custom_presets_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace climate

esphome/components/cm1106/cm1106.h

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CM1106CalibrateZeroAction : public Action<Ts...>
  public:
   CM1106CalibrateZeroAction(CM1106Component *cm1106) : cm1106_(cm1106) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->cm1106_->calibrate_zero(400); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->cm1106_->calibrate_zero(400); }
 
  protected:
   CM1106Component *cm1106_;

esphome/components/const/__init__.py

@@ -8,10 +8,7 @@ BYTE_ORDER_BIG = "big_endian"
 
 CONF_COLOR_DEPTH = "color_depth"
 CONF_DRAW_ROUNDING = "draw_rounding"
-CONF_ENABLED = "enabled"
-CONF_IGNORE_NOT_FOUND = "ignore_not_found"
 CONF_ON_RECEIVE = "on_receive"
 CONF_ON_STATE_CHANGE = "on_state_change"
 CONF_REQUEST_HEADERS = "request_headers"
-CONF_ROWS = "rows"
 CONF_USE_PSRAM = "use_psram"

esphome/components/copy/fan/copy_fan.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ void CopyFan::setup() {
     this->oscillating = source_->oscillating;
     this->speed = source_->speed;
     this->direction = source_->direction;
-    this->set_preset_mode_(source_->get_preset_mode());
+    this->preset_mode = source_->preset_mode;
     this->publish_state();
   });
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ void CopyFan::setup() {
   this->oscillating = source_->oscillating;
   this->speed = source_->speed;
   this->direction = source_->direction;
-  this->set_preset_mode_(source_->get_preset_mode());
+  this->preset_mode = source_->preset_mode;
   this->publish_state();
 }
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void CopyFan::control(const fan::FanCall &call) {
     call2.set_speed(*call.get_speed());
   if (call.get_direction().has_value())
     call2.set_direction(*call.get_direction());
-  if (call.has_preset_mode())
+  if (!call.get_preset_mode().empty())
     call2.set_preset_mode(call.get_preset_mode());
   call2.perform();
 }

esphome/components/copy/select/copy_select.cpp

@@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ namespace copy {
 static const char *const TAG = "copy.select";
 
 void CopySelect::setup() {
-  source_->add_on_state_callback([this](const std::string &value, size_t index) { this->publish_state(index); });
+  source_->add_on_state_callback([this](const std::string &value, size_t index) { this->publish_state(value); });
 
   traits.set_options(source_->traits.get_options());
 
   if (source_->has_state())
-    this->publish_state(source_->active_index().value());
+    this->publish_state(source_->state);
 }
 
 void CopySelect::dump_config() { LOG_SELECT("", "Copy Select", this); }
 
-void CopySelect::control(size_t index) {
+void CopySelect::control(const std::string &value) {
   auto call = source_->make_call();
-  call.set_index(index);
+  call.set_option(value);
   call.perform();
 }
 

esphome/components/copy/select/copy_select.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class CopySelect : public select::Select, public Component {
   void dump_config() override;
 
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 
   select::Select *source_;
 };

esphome/components/cover/automation.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class OpenAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit OpenAction(Cover *cover) : cover_(cover) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_open().perform(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_open().perform(); }
 
  protected:
   Cover *cover_;
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CloseAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit CloseAction(Cover *cover) : cover_(cover) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_close().perform(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_close().perform(); }
 
  protected:
   Cover *cover_;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class StopAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit StopAction(Cover *cover) : cover_(cover) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_stop().perform(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_stop().perform(); }
 
  protected:
   Cover *cover_;
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ToggleAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit ToggleAction(Cover *cover) : cover_(cover) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_toggle().perform(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->cover_->make_call().set_command_toggle().perform(); }
 
  protected:
   Cover *cover_;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ControlAction : public Action<Ts...> {
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, position)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, tilt)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->cover_->make_call();
     if (this->stop_.has_value())
       call.set_stop(this->stop_.value(x...));
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CoverPublishAction : public Action<Ts...> {
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, tilt)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(CoverOperation, current_operation)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     if (this->position_.has_value())
       this->cover_->position = this->position_.value(x...);
     if (this->tilt_.has_value())
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CoverPublishAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 template<typename... Ts> class CoverIsOpenCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
   CoverIsOpenCondition(Cover *cover) : cover_(cover) {}
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->cover_->is_fully_open(); }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->cover_->is_fully_open(); }
 
  protected:
   Cover *cover_;
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CoverIsOpenCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
 template<typename... Ts> class CoverIsClosedCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
   CoverIsClosedCondition(Cover *cover) : cover_(cover) {}
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->cover_->is_fully_closed(); }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->cover_->is_fully_closed(); }
 
  protected:
   Cover *cover_;

esphome/components/cover/cover.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 #include "cover.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
-
 #include <strings.h>
-
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome {
@@ -173,9 +169,6 @@ void Cover::publish_state(bool save) {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "  Current Operation: %s", cover_operation_to_str(this->current_operation));
 
   this->state_callback_.call();
-#if defined(USE_COVER) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-  ControllerRegistry::notify_cover_update(this);
-#endif
 
   if (save) {
     CoverRestoreState restore{};

esphome/components/cs5460a/cs5460a.h

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class CS5460ARestartAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   CS5460ARestartAction(CS5460AComponent *cs5460a) : cs5460a_(cs5460a) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { cs5460a_->restart(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { cs5460a_->restart(); }
 
  protected:
   CS5460AComponent *cs5460a_;

esphome/components/dallas_temp/dallas_temp.cpp

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ bool DallasTemperatureSensor::read_scratch_pad_() {
 }
 
 void DallasTemperatureSensor::setup() {
-  if (!this->check_address_or_index_())
+  if (!this->check_address_())
     return;
   if (!this->read_scratch_pad_())
     return;

esphome/components/datetime/date_entity.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "date_entity.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATE
 
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -33,9 +32,6 @@ void DateEntity::publish_state() {
   this->set_has_state(true);
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Sending date %d-%d-%d", this->get_name().c_str(), this->year_, this->month_, this->day_);
   this->state_callback_.call();
-#if defined(USE_DATETIME_DATE) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-  ControllerRegistry::notify_date_update(this);
-#endif
 }
 
 DateCall DateEntity::make_call() { return DateCall(this); }

esphome/components/datetime/date_entity.h

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DateSetAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Pare
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(ESPTime, date)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->parent_->make_call();
 
     if (this->date_.has_value()) {

esphome/components/datetime/datetime_entity.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "datetime_entity.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_DATETIME
 
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -49,9 +48,6 @@ void DateTimeEntity::publish_state() {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Sending datetime %04u-%02u-%02u %02d:%02d:%02d", this->get_name().c_str(), this->year_,
            this->month_, this->day_, this->hour_, this->minute_, this->second_);
   this->state_callback_.call();
-#if defined(USE_DATETIME_DATETIME) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-  ControllerRegistry::notify_datetime_update(this);
-#endif
 }
 
 DateTimeCall DateTimeEntity::make_call() { return DateTimeCall(this); }

esphome/components/datetime/datetime_entity.h

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DateTimeSetAction : public Action<Ts...>, public
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(ESPTime, datetime)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->parent_->make_call();
 
     if (this->datetime_.has_value()) {

esphome/components/datetime/time_entity.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "time_entity.h"
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+
-#include "esphome/core/controller_registry.h"
 #ifdef USE_DATETIME_TIME
 
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -30,9 +29,6 @@ void TimeEntity::publish_state() {
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "'%s': Sending time %02d:%02d:%02d", this->get_name().c_str(), this->hour_, this->minute_,
            this->second_);
   this->state_callback_.call();
-#if defined(USE_DATETIME_TIME) && defined(USE_CONTROLLER_REGISTRY)
-  ControllerRegistry::notify_time_update(this);
-#endif
 }
 
 TimeCall TimeEntity::make_call() { return TimeCall(this); }

esphome/components/datetime/time_entity.h

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class TimeSetAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Pare
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(ESPTime, time)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto call = this->parent_->make_call();
 
     if (this->time_.has_value()) {

esphome/components/debug/__init__.py

@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         zephyr_add_prj_conf("SEGGER_RTT_MODE_BLOCK_IF_FIFO_FULL", True)
     var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID])
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
-    cg.add_define("USE_DEBUG")
 
 
 FILTER_SOURCE_FILES = filter_source_files_from_platform(

esphome/components/debug/debug_component.cpp

@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ void DebugComponent::dump_config() {
   }
 #endif  // USE_TEXT_SENSOR
 
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
-  this->log_partition_info_();  // Log partition information
+  this->log_partition_info_();  // Log partition information for ESP32
-#endif
+#endif                          // USE_ESP32
 }
 
 void DebugComponent::loop() {

esphome/components/debug/debug_component.h

@@ -62,19 +62,19 @@ class DebugComponent : public PollingComponent {
   sensor::Sensor *cpu_frequency_sensor_{nullptr};
 #endif  // USE_SENSOR
 
-#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_ZEPHYR)
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
   /**
    * @brief Logs information about the device's partition table.
    *
-   * This function iterates through the partition table and logs details
+   * This function iterates through the ESP32's partition table and logs details
    * about each partition, including its name, type, subtype, starting address,
    * and size. The information is useful for diagnosing issues related to flash
    * memory or verifying the partition configuration dynamically at runtime.
    *
-   * Only available when compiled for ESP32 and ZEPHYR platforms.
+   * Only available when compiled for ESP32 platforms.
    */
   void log_partition_info_();
-#endif
+#endif  // USE_ESP32
 
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
   text_sensor::TextSensor *device_info_{nullptr};

esphome/components/debug/debug_zephyr.cpp

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
 #include <zephyr/drivers/hwinfo.h>
 #include <hal/nrf_power.h>
 #include <cstdint>
-#include <zephyr/storage/flash_map.h>
 
 #define BOOTLOADER_VERSION_REGISTER NRF_TIMER2->CC[0]
 
-namespace esphome::debug {
+namespace esphome {
+namespace debug {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "debug";
 constexpr std::uintptr_t MBR_PARAM_PAGE_ADDR = 0xFFC;
@@ -87,37 +87,6 @@ std::string DebugComponent::get_reset_reason_() {
 
 uint32_t DebugComponent::get_free_heap_() { return INT_MAX; }
 
-static void fa_cb(const struct flash_area *fa, void *user_data) {
-#if CONFIG_FLASH_MAP_LABELS
-  const char *fa_label = flash_area_label(fa);
-
-  if (fa_label == nullptr) {
-    fa_label = "-";
-  }
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%2d   0x%0*" PRIxPTR "   %-26s  %-24.24s  0x%-10x 0x%-12x", (int) fa->fa_id,
-                sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2, (uintptr_t) fa->fa_dev, fa->fa_dev->name, fa_label, (uint32_t) fa->fa_off,
-                fa->fa_size);
-#else
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "%2d   0x%0*" PRIxPTR "   %-26s  0x%-10x 0x%-12x", (int) fa->fa_id, sizeof(uintptr_t) * 2,
-                (uintptr_t) fa->fa_dev, fa->fa_dev->name, (uint32_t) fa->fa_off, fa->fa_size);
-#endif
-}
-
-void DebugComponent::log_partition_info_() {
-#if CONFIG_FLASH_MAP_LABELS
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "ID | Device     | Device Name               "
-                     "| Label                   | Offset     | Size");
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "--------------------------------------------"
-                     "-----------------------------------------------");
-#else
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "ID | Device     | Device Name               "
-                     "| Offset     | Size");
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "-----------------------------------------"
-                     "------------------------------");
-#endif
-  flash_area_foreach(fa_cb, nullptr);
-}
-
 void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
   std::string supply = "Main supply status: ";
   if (nrf_power_mainregstatus_get(NRF_POWER) == NRF_POWER_MAINREGSTATUS_NORMAL) {
@@ -312,18 +281,14 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
            NRF_FICR->INFO.VARIANT & 0xFF, package(NRF_FICR->INFO.PACKAGE));
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "RAM: %ukB, Flash: %ukB, production test: %sdone", NRF_FICR->INFO.RAM, NRF_FICR->INFO.FLASH,
            (NRF_FICR->PRODTEST[0] == 0xBB42319F ? "" : "not "));
-  bool n_reset_enabled = NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] == NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[1] &&
-                         (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) == UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected
-                                                                                      << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos;
   ESP_LOGD(
       TAG, "GPIO as NFC pins: %s, GPIO as nRESET pin: %s",
       YESNO((NRF_UICR->NFCPINS & UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_Msk) == (UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_NFC << UICR_NFCPINS_PROTECT_Pos)),
-      YESNO(n_reset_enabled));
+      YESNO(((NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) !=
-  if (n_reset_enabled) {
+             (UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos)) ||
-    uint8_t port = (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_PORT_Msk) >> UICR_PSELRESET_PORT_Pos;
+            ((NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[1] & UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Msk) !=
-    uint8_t pin = (NRF_UICR->PSELRESET[0] & UICR_PSELRESET_PIN_Msk) >> UICR_PSELRESET_PIN_Pos;
+             (UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Connected << UICR_PSELRESET_CONNECT_Pos))));
-    ESP_LOGD(TAG, "nRESET port P%u.%02u", port, pin);
+
-  }
 #ifdef USE_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT
   ESP_LOGD(TAG, "bootloader: mcuboot");
 #else
@@ -357,22 +322,10 @@ void DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::string &device_info) {
 #endif
   }
 #endif
-  auto uicr = [](volatile uint32_t *data, uint8_t size) {
-    std::string res;
-    char buf[sizeof(uint32_t) * 2 + 1];
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-      if (i > 0) {
-        res += ' ';
-      }
-      res += format_hex_pretty<uint32_t>(data[i], '\0', false);
-    }
-    return res;
-  };
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "NRFFW %s", uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFFW, 13).c_str());
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "NRFHW %s", uicr(NRF_UICR->NRFHW, 12).c_str());
 }
 
 void DebugComponent::update_platform_() {}
 
-}  // namespace esphome::debug
+}  // namespace debug
+}  // namespace esphome
 #endif

esphome/components/deep_sleep/deep_sleep_component.h

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class EnterDeepSleepAction : public Action<Ts...> {
   void set_time(time::RealTimeClock *time) { this->time_ = time; }
 #endif
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     if (this->sleep_duration_.has_value()) {
       this->deep_sleep_->set_sleep_duration(this->sleep_duration_.value(x...));
     }
@@ -207,12 +207,12 @@ template<typename... Ts> class EnterDeepSleepAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
 template<typename... Ts> class PreventDeepSleepAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<DeepSleepComponent> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->prevent_deep_sleep(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->prevent_deep_sleep(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class AllowDeepSleepAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<DeepSleepComponent> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->allow_deep_sleep(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->allow_deep_sleep(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace deep_sleep

esphome/components/demo/demo_climate.h

@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@ class DemoClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
         this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_AUTO;
         this->action = climate::CLIMATE_ACTION_COOLING;
         this->fan_mode = climate::CLIMATE_FAN_HIGH;
-        this->set_custom_preset_("My Preset");
+        this->custom_preset = {"My Preset"};
         break;
       case DemoClimateType::TYPE_3:
         this->current_temperature = 21.5;
         this->target_temperature_low = 21.0;
         this->target_temperature_high = 22.5;
         this->mode = climate::CLIMATE_MODE_HEAT_COOL;
-        this->set_custom_fan_mode_("Auto Low");
+        this->custom_fan_mode = {"Auto Low"};
         this->swing_mode = climate::CLIMATE_SWING_HORIZONTAL;
-        this->set_preset_(climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_AWAY);
+        this->preset = climate::CLIMATE_PRESET_AWAY;
         break;
     }
     this->publish_state();
@@ -58,19 +58,23 @@ class DemoClimate : public climate::Climate, public Component {
       this->target_temperature_high = *call.get_target_temperature_high();
     }
     if (call.get_fan_mode().has_value()) {
-      this->set_fan_mode_(*call.get_fan_mode());
+      this->fan_mode = *call.get_fan_mode();
+      this->custom_fan_mode.reset();
     }
     if (call.get_swing_mode().has_value()) {
       this->swing_mode = *call.get_swing_mode();
     }
-    if (call.has_custom_fan_mode()) {
+    if (call.get_custom_fan_mode().has_value()) {
-      this->set_custom_fan_mode_(call.get_custom_fan_mode());
+      this->custom_fan_mode = *call.get_custom_fan_mode();
+      this->fan_mode.reset();
     }
     if (call.get_preset().has_value()) {
-      this->set_preset_(*call.get_preset());
+      this->preset = *call.get_preset();
+      this->custom_preset.reset();
     }
-    if (call.has_custom_preset()) {
+    if (call.get_custom_preset().has_value()) {
-      this->set_custom_preset_(call.get_custom_preset());
+      this->custom_preset = *call.get_custom_preset();
+      this->preset.reset();
     }
     this->publish_state();
   }

esphome/components/demo/demo_select.h

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace demo {
 
 class DemoSelect : public select::Select, public Component {
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override { this->publish_state(index); }
+  void control(const std::string &value) override { this->publish_state(value); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace demo

esphome/components/dfplayer/dfplayer.h

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class DFPlayer : public uart::UARTDevice, public Component {
   class ACTION_CLASS : /* NOLINT */ \
                        public Action<Ts...>, \
                        public Parented<DFPlayer> { \
-    void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->ACTION_METHOD(); } \
+    void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->ACTION_METHOD(); } \
   };
 
 DFPLAYER_SIMPLE_ACTION(NextAction, next)
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class PlayMp3Action : public Action<Ts...>, public Pare
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint16_t, file)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto file = this->file_.value(x...);
     this->parent_->play_mp3(file);
   }
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class PlayFileAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Par
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint16_t, file)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, loop)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto file = this->file_.value(x...);
     auto loop = this->loop_.value(x...);
     if (loop) {
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class PlayFolderAction : public Action<Ts...>, public P
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint16_t, file)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, loop)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto folder = this->folder_.value(x...);
     auto file = this->file_.value(x...);
     auto loop = this->loop_.value(x...);
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SetDeviceAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Pa
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(Device, device)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto device = this->device_.value(x...);
     this->parent_->set_device(device);
   }
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SetVolumeAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Pa
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint8_t, volume)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto volume = this->volume_.value(x...);
     this->parent_->set_volume(volume);
   }
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class SetEqAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parent
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(EqPreset, eq)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto eq = this->eq_.value(x...);
     this->parent_->set_eq(eq);
   }
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ DFPLAYER_SIMPLE_ACTION(VolumeDownAction, volume_down)
 
 template<typename... Ts> class DFPlayerIsPlayingCondition : public Condition<Ts...>, public Parented<DFPlayer> {
  public:
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->parent_->is_playing(); }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->parent_->is_playing(); }
 };
 
 class DFPlayerFinishedPlaybackTrigger : public Trigger<> {

esphome/components/dfrobot_sen0395/automation.h

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace dfrobot_sen0395 {
 template<typename... Ts>
 class DfrobotSen0395ResetAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<DfrobotSen0395Component> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) { this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<ResetSystemCommand>()); }
+  void play(Ts... x) { this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<ResetSystemCommand>()); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts>
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class DfrobotSen0395SettingsAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<Dfrob
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, det_min4)
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(float, det_max4)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) {
+  void play(Ts... x) {
     this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<PowerCommand>(0));
     if (this->factory_reset_.has_value() && this->factory_reset_.value(x...) == true) {
       this->parent_->enqueue(make_unique<FactoryResetCommand>());

esphome/components/display/display.h

@@ -176,117 +176,7 @@ class Display;
 class DisplayPage;
 class DisplayOnPageChangeTrigger;
 
-/** Optimized display writer that uses function pointers for stateless lambdas.
+using display_writer_t = std::function<void(Display &)>;
- *
- * Similar to TemplatableValue but specialized for display writer callbacks.
- * Saves ~8 bytes per stateless lambda on 32-bit platforms (16 bytes std::function → ~8 bytes discriminator+pointer).
- *
- * Supports both:
- * - Stateless lambdas (from YAML) → function pointer (4 bytes)
- * - Stateful lambdas/std::function (from C++ code) → std::function* (heap allocated)
- *
- * @tparam T The display type (e.g., Display, Nextion, GPIOLCDDisplay)
- */
-template<typename T> class DisplayWriter {
- public:
-  DisplayWriter() : type_(NONE) {}
-
-  // For stateless lambdas (convertible to function pointer): use function pointer (4 bytes)
-  template<typename F>
-  DisplayWriter(F f) requires std::invocable<F, T &> && std::convertible_to<F, void (*)(T &)>
-      : type_(STATELESS_LAMBDA) {
-    this->stateless_f_ = f;  // Implicit conversion to function pointer
-  }
-
-  // For stateful lambdas and std::function (not convertible to function pointer): use std::function* (heap allocated)
-  // This handles backwards compatibility with external components
-  template<typename F>
-  DisplayWriter(F f) requires std::invocable<F, T &> &&(!std::convertible_to<F, void (*)(T &)>) : type_(LAMBDA) {
-    this->f_ = new std::function<void(T &)>(std::move(f));
-  }
-
-  // Copy constructor
-  DisplayWriter(const DisplayWriter &other) : type_(other.type_) {
-    if (type_ == LAMBDA) {
-      this->f_ = new std::function<void(T &)>(*other.f_);
-    } else if (type_ == STATELESS_LAMBDA) {
-      this->stateless_f_ = other.stateless_f_;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Move constructor
-  DisplayWriter(DisplayWriter &&other) noexcept : type_(other.type_) {
-    if (type_ == LAMBDA) {
-      this->f_ = other.f_;
-      other.f_ = nullptr;
-    } else if (type_ == STATELESS_LAMBDA) {
-      this->stateless_f_ = other.stateless_f_;
-    }
-    other.type_ = NONE;
-  }
-
-  // Assignment operators
-  DisplayWriter &operator=(const DisplayWriter &other) {
-    if (this != &other) {
-      this->~DisplayWriter();
-      new (this) DisplayWriter(other);
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  DisplayWriter &operator=(DisplayWriter &&other) noexcept {
-    if (this != &other) {
-      this->~DisplayWriter();
-      new (this) DisplayWriter(std::move(other));
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  ~DisplayWriter() {
-    if (type_ == LAMBDA) {
-      delete this->f_;
-    }
-    // STATELESS_LAMBDA/NONE: no cleanup needed (function pointer or empty)
-  }
-
-  bool has_value() const { return this->type_ != NONE; }
-
-  void call(T &display) const {
-    switch (this->type_) {
-      case STATELESS_LAMBDA:
-        this->stateless_f_(display);  // Direct function pointer call
-        break;
-      case LAMBDA:
-        (*this->f_)(display);  // std::function call
-        break;
-      case NONE:
-      default:
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Operator() for convenience
-  void operator()(T &display) const { this->call(display); }
-
-  // Operator* for backwards compatibility with (*writer_)(*this) pattern
-  DisplayWriter &operator*() { return *this; }
-  const DisplayWriter &operator*() const { return *this; }
-
- protected:
-  enum : uint8_t {
-    NONE,
-    LAMBDA,
-    STATELESS_LAMBDA,
-  } type_;
-
-  union {
-    std::function<void(T &)> *f_;
-    void (*stateless_f_)(T &);
-  };
-};
-
-// Type alias for Display writer - uses optimized DisplayWriter instead of std::function
-using display_writer_t = DisplayWriter<Display>;
 
 #define LOG_DISPLAY(prefix, type, obj) \
   if ((obj) != nullptr) { \
@@ -320,7 +210,7 @@ class Display : public PollingComponent {
   /// Fill the entire screen with the given color.
   virtual void fill(Color color);
   /// Clear the entire screen by filling it with OFF pixels.
-  virtual void clear();
+  void clear();
 
   /// Get the calculated width of the display in pixels with rotation applied.
   virtual int get_width() { return this->get_width_internal(); }
@@ -788,7 +678,7 @@ class Display : public PollingComponent {
   void sort_triangle_points_by_y_(int *x1, int *y1, int *x2, int *y2, int *x3, int *y3);
 
   DisplayRotation rotation_{DISPLAY_ROTATION_0_DEGREES};
-  display_writer_t writer_{};
+  optional<display_writer_t> writer_{};
   DisplayPage *page_{nullptr};
   DisplayPage *previous_page_{nullptr};
   std::vector<DisplayOnPageChangeTrigger *> on_page_change_triggers_;
@@ -819,7 +709,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DisplayPageShowAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(DisplayPage *, page)
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     auto *page = this->page_.value(x...);
     if (page != nullptr) {
       page->show();
@@ -831,7 +721,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DisplayPageShowNextAction : public Action<Ts...>
  public:
   DisplayPageShowNextAction(Display *buffer) : buffer_(buffer) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->buffer_->show_next_page(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->buffer_->show_next_page(); }
 
   Display *buffer_;
 };
@@ -840,7 +730,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DisplayPageShowPrevAction : public Action<Ts...>
  public:
   DisplayPageShowPrevAction(Display *buffer) : buffer_(buffer) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->buffer_->show_prev_page(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->buffer_->show_prev_page(); }
 
   Display *buffer_;
 };
@@ -850,7 +740,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DisplayIsDisplayingPageCondition : public Conditi
   DisplayIsDisplayingPageCondition(Display *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
 
   void set_page(DisplayPage *page) { this->page_ = page; }
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->parent_->get_active_page() == this->page_; }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->parent_->get_active_page() == this->page_; }
 
  protected:
   Display *parent_;

esphome/components/display_menu_base/automation.h

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UpAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit UpAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->up(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->up(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class DownAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit DownAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->down(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->down(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class LeftAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit LeftAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->left(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->left(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class RightAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit RightAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->right(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->right(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class EnterAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit EnterAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->enter(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->enter(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ShowAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit ShowAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->show(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->show(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HideAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit HideAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->hide(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->hide(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ShowMainAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit ShowMainAction(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
 
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->menu_->show_main(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->menu_->show_main(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ShowMainAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 template<typename... Ts> class IsActiveCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
   explicit IsActiveCondition(DisplayMenuComponent *menu) : menu_(menu) {}
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->menu_->is_active(); }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->menu_->is_active(); }
 
  protected:
   DisplayMenuComponent *menu_;

esphome/components/display_menu_base/menu_item.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ std::string MenuItemSelect::get_value_text() const {
     result = this->value_getter_.value()(this);
   } else {
     if (this->select_var_ != nullptr) {
-      result = this->select_var_->current_option();
+      result = this->select_var_->state;
     }
   }
 

esphome/components/ds1307/ds1307.cpp

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ void DS1307Component::dump_config() {
   if (this->is_failed()) {
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, ESP_LOG_MSG_COMM_FAIL);
   }
-  RealTimeClock::dump_config();
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Timezone: '%s'", this->timezone_.c_str());
 }
 
 float DS1307Component::get_setup_priority() const { return setup_priority::DATA; }

esphome/components/ds1307/ds1307.h

@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ class DS1307Component : public time::RealTimeClock, public i2c::I2CDevice {
 
 template<typename... Ts> class WriteAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<DS1307Component> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->write_time(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->write_time(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class ReadAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<DS1307Component> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->read_time(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->read_time(); }
 };
 }  // namespace ds1307
 }  // namespace esphome

esphome/components/duty_time/duty_time_sensor.h

@@ -51,15 +51,15 @@ class DutyTimeSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public PollingComponent {
 template<typename... Ts> class BaseAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<DutyTimeSensor> {};
 
 template<typename... Ts> class StartAction : public BaseAction<Ts...> {
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->start(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->start(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class StopAction : public BaseAction<Ts...> {
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->stop(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->stop(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class ResetAction : public BaseAction<Ts...> {
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->reset(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->reset(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class RunningCondition : public Condition<Ts...>, public Parented<DutyTimeSensor> {
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class RunningCondition : public Condition<Ts...>, publi
   explicit RunningCondition(DutyTimeSensor *parent, bool state) : Parented(parent), state_(state) {}
 
  protected:
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return this->parent_->is_running() == this->state_; }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return this->parent_->is_running() == this->state_; }
   bool state_;
 };
 

esphome/components/epaper_spi/display.py

@@ -1,35 +1,21 @@
-import importlib
-import pkgutil
-
 from esphome import core, pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import display, spi
-from esphome.components.mipi import flatten_sequence, map_sequence
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BUSY_PIN,
-    CONF_CS_PIN,
-    CONF_DATA_RATE,
     CONF_DC_PIN,
-    CONF_DIMENSIONS,
-    CONF_ENABLE_PIN,
-    CONF_HEIGHT,
     CONF_ID,
-    CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE,
     CONF_LAMBDA,
     CONF_MODEL,
+    CONF_PAGES,
     CONF_RESET_DURATION,
     CONF_RESET_PIN,
-    CONF_WIDTH,
 )
 
-from . import models
-
 AUTO_LOAD = ["split_buffer"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["spi"]
 
-CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID = "init_sequence_id"
-
 epaper_spi_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("epaper_spi")
 EPaperBase = epaper_spi_ns.class_(
     "EPaperBase", cg.PollingComponent, spi.SPIDevice, display.DisplayBuffer
@@ -38,78 +24,29 @@ EPaperBase = epaper_spi_ns.class_(
 EPaperSpectraE6 = epaper_spi_ns.class_("EPaperSpectraE6", EPaperBase)
 EPaper7p3InSpectraE6 = epaper_spi_ns.class_("EPaper7p3InSpectraE6", EPaperSpectraE6)
 
-
+MODELS = {
-# Import all models dynamically from the models package
+    "7.3in-spectra-e6": EPaper7p3InSpectraE6,
-for module_info in pkgutil.iter_modules(models.__path__):
+}
-    importlib.import_module(f".models.{module_info.name}", package=__package__)
-
-MODELS = models.EpaperModel.models
-
-DIMENSION_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
-    {
-        cv.Required(CONF_WIDTH): cv.int_,
-        cv.Required(CONF_HEIGHT): cv.int_,
-    }
-)
 
 
-def model_schema(config):
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
+    display.FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.extend(
-    class_name = epaper_spi_ns.class_(model.class_name, EPaperBase)
-    cv_dimensions = cv.Optional if model.get_default(CONF_WIDTH) else cv.Required
-    return (
-        display.FULL_DISPLAY_SCHEMA.extend(
-            spi.spi_device_schema(
-                cs_pin_required=False,
-                default_mode="MODE0",
-                default_data_rate=model.get_default(CONF_DATA_RATE, 10_000_000),
-            )
-        )
-        .extend(
-            {
-                model.option(pin): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema
-                for pin in (CONF_RESET_PIN, CONF_CS_PIN, CONF_BUSY_PIN)
-            }
-        )
-        .extend(
-            {
-                cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(model.name, upper=True),
-                model.option(CONF_DC_PIN, fallback=None): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema,
-                cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(class_name),
-                cv.GenerateID(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.uint8),
-                cv_dimensions(CONF_DIMENSIONS): DIMENSION_SCHEMA,
-                model.option(CONF_ENABLE_PIN): cv.ensure_list(
-                    pins.gpio_output_pin_schema
-                ),
-                model.option(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE, cv.UNDEFINED): cv.ensure_list(
-                    map_sequence
-                ),
-                model.option(CONF_RESET_DURATION, cv.UNDEFINED): cv.All(
-                    cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
-                    cv.Range(max=core.TimePeriod(milliseconds=500)),
-                ),
-            }
-        )
-    )
-
-
-def customise_schema(config):
-    """
-    Create a customised config schema for a specific model and validate the configuration.
-    :param config: The configuration dictionary to validate
-    :return: The validated configuration dictionary
-    :raises cv.Invalid: If the configuration is invalid
-    """
-    config = cv.Schema(
         {
-            cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(*MODELS, upper=True),
+            cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_id(EPaperBase),
-        },
+            cv.Required(CONF_DC_PIN): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema,
-        extra=cv.ALLOW_EXTRA,
+            cv.Required(CONF_MODEL): cv.one_of(*MODELS, lower=True, space="-"),
-    )(config)
+            cv.Optional(CONF_RESET_PIN): pins.gpio_output_pin_schema,
-    return model_schema(config)(config)
+            cv.Optional(CONF_BUSY_PIN): pins.gpio_input_pin_schema,
-
+            cv.Optional(CONF_RESET_DURATION): cv.All(
-
+                cv.positive_time_period_milliseconds,
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = customise_schema
+                cv.Range(max=core.TimePeriod(milliseconds=500)),
+            ),
+        }
+    )
+    .extend(cv.polling_component_schema("60s"))
+    .extend(spi.spi_device_schema()),
+    cv.has_at_most_one_key(CONF_PAGES, CONF_LAMBDA),
+)
 
 FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
     "epaper_spi", require_miso=False, require_mosi=True
@@ -119,23 +56,8 @@ FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = spi.final_validate_device_schema(
 async def to_code(config):
     model = MODELS[config[CONF_MODEL]]
 
-    init_sequence = config.get(CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE)
+    rhs = model.new()
-    if init_sequence is None:
+    var = cg.Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], rhs, model)
-        init_sequence = model.get_init_sequence(config)
-    init_sequence = flatten_sequence(init_sequence)
-    init_sequence_length = len(init_sequence)
-    init_sequence_id = cg.static_const_array(
-        config[CONF_INIT_SEQUENCE_ID], init_sequence
-    )
-    width, height = model.get_dimensions(config)
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(
-        config[CONF_ID],
-        model.name,
-        width,
-        height,
-        init_sequence_id,
-        init_sequence_length,
-    )
 
     await display.register_display(var, config)
     await spi.register_spi_device(var, config)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi.cpp

@@ -8,20 +8,33 @@ namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "epaper_spi";
 
-static constexpr const char *const EPAPER_STATE_STRINGS[] = {
+static const LogString *epaper_state_to_string(EPaperState state) {
-    "IDLE",        "UPDATE",     "RESET",         "RESET_END",
+  switch (state) {
-
+    case EPaperState::IDLE:
-    "SHOULD_WAIT", "INITIALISE", "TRANSFER_DATA", "POWER_ON",  "REFRESH_SCREEN", "POWER_OFF", "DEEP_SLEEP",
+      return LOG_STR("IDLE");
-};
+    case EPaperState::UPDATE:
-
+      return LOG_STR("UPDATE");
-const char *EPaperBase::epaper_state_to_string_() {
+    case EPaperState::RESET:
-  if (auto idx = static_cast<unsigned>(this->state_); idx < std::size(EPAPER_STATE_STRINGS))
+      return LOG_STR("RESET");
-    return EPAPER_STATE_STRINGS[idx];
+    case EPaperState::INITIALISE:
-  return "Unknown";
+      return LOG_STR("INITIALISE");
+    case EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA:
+      return LOG_STR("TRANSFER_DATA");
+    case EPaperState::POWER_ON:
+      return LOG_STR("POWER_ON");
+    case EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN:
+      return LOG_STR("REFRESH_SCREEN");
+    case EPaperState::POWER_OFF:
+      return LOG_STR("POWER_OFF");
+    case EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP:
+      return LOG_STR("DEEP_SLEEP");
+    default:
+      return LOG_STR("UNKNOWN");
+  }
 }
 
 void EPaperBase::setup() {
-  if (!this->init_buffer_(this->buffer_length_)) {
+  if (!this->init_buffer_(this->get_buffer_length())) {
     this->mark_failed("Failed to initialise buffer");
     return;
   }
@@ -37,7 +50,7 @@ bool EPaperBase::init_buffer_(size_t buffer_length) {
   return true;
 }
 
-void EPaperBase::setup_pins_() const {
+void EPaperBase::setup_pins_() {
   this->dc_pin_->setup();  // OUTPUT
   this->dc_pin_->digital_write(false);
 
@@ -68,7 +81,11 @@ void EPaperBase::data(uint8_t value) {
 // write a command followed by zero or more bytes of data.
 // The command is the first byte, length is the length of data only in the second byte, followed by the data.
 // [COMMAND, LENGTH, DATA...]
-void EPaperBase::cmd_data(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *ptr, size_t length) {
+void EPaperBase::cmd_data(const uint8_t *data) {
+  const uint8_t command = data[0];
+  const uint8_t length = data[1];
+  const uint8_t *ptr = data + 2;
+
   ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "Command: 0x%02X, Length: %d, Data: %s", command, length,
             format_hex_pretty(ptr, length, '.', false).c_str());
 
@@ -82,146 +99,91 @@ void EPaperBase::cmd_data(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *ptr, size_t length) {
   this->disable();
 }
 
-bool EPaperBase::is_idle_() const {
+bool EPaperBase::is_idle_() {
   if (this->busy_pin_ == nullptr) {
     return true;
   }
-  return !this->busy_pin_->digital_read();
+  return this->busy_pin_->digital_read();
 }
 
-bool EPaperBase::reset_() const {
+void EPaperBase::reset() {
   if (this->reset_pin_ != nullptr) {
-    if (this->state_ == EPaperState::RESET) {
+    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
-      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
+    this->disable_loop();
-      return false;
+    this->set_timeout(this->reset_duration_, [this] {
-    }
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
-    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+      this->set_timeout(20, [this] { this->enable_loop(); });
+    });
   }
-  return true;
 }
 
 void EPaperBase::update() {
-  if (this->state_ != EPaperState::IDLE) {
+  if (!this->state_queue_.empty()) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Display already in state %s", epaper_state_to_string_());
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Display update already in progress - %s",
+             LOG_STR_ARG(epaper_state_to_string(this->state_queue_.front())));
     return;
   }
-  this->set_state_(EPaperState::RESET);
+
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::UPDATE);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::RESET);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::INITIALISE);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::POWER_ON);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::POWER_OFF);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP);
+  this->state_queue_.push(EPaperState::IDLE);
+
   this->enable_loop();
 }
 
-void EPaperBase::wait_for_idle_(bool should_wait) {
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-  if (should_wait) {
-    this->waiting_for_idle_start_ = millis();
-    this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ = this->waiting_for_idle_start_;
-  }
-#endif
-  this->waiting_for_idle_ = should_wait;
-}
-
-/**
- * Called during the loop task.
- * First defer for any pending delays, then check if we are waiting for the display to become idle.
- * If not waiting for idle, process the state machine.
- */
-
 void EPaperBase::loop() {
-  auto now = millis();
-  if (this->delay_until_ != 0) {
-    // using modulus arithmetic to handle wrap-around
-    int diff = now - this->delay_until_;
-    if (diff < 0) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this->delay_until_ = 0;
-  }
   if (this->waiting_for_idle_) {
     if (this->is_idle_()) {
       this->waiting_for_idle_ = false;
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Screen now idle after %u ms", (unsigned) (millis() - this->waiting_for_idle_start_));
     } else {
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+      if (App.get_loop_component_start_time() - this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ >= 1000) {
-      if (now - this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ >= 1000) {
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Waiting for idle");
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Waiting for idle in state %s", this->epaper_state_to_string_());
+        this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-        this->waiting_for_idle_last_print_ = millis();
       }
-#endif
       return;
     }
   }
-  this->process_state_();
-}
 
-/**
+  auto state = this->state_queue_.front();
- * Process the state machine.
+
- * Typical state sequence:
+  switch (state) {
- * IDLE -> RESET -> RESET_END -> UPDATE -> INITIALISE -> TRANSFER_DATA -> POWER_ON -> REFRESH_SCREEN -> POWER_OFF ->
- * DEEP_SLEEP -> IDLE
- *
- * Should a subclassed class need to override this, the method will need to be made virtual.
- */
-void EPaperBase::process_state_() {
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Process state entered in state %s", epaper_state_to_string_());
-  switch (this->state_) {
-    default:
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Display is in unhandled state %s", epaper_state_to_string_());
-      this->disable_loop();
-      break;
     case EPaperState::IDLE:
       this->disable_loop();
       break;
-    case EPaperState::RESET:
-    case EPaperState::RESET_END:
-      if (this->reset_()) {
-        this->set_state_(EPaperState::UPDATE);
-      } else {
-        this->set_state_(EPaperState::RESET_END);
-      }
-      break;
     case EPaperState::UPDATE:
       this->do_update_();  // Calls ESPHome (current page) lambda
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::INITIALISE);
+      break;
+    case EPaperState::RESET:
+      this->reset();
       break;
     case EPaperState::INITIALISE:
       this->initialise_();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA);
       break;
     case EPaperState::TRANSFER_DATA:
       if (!this->transfer_data()) {
         return;  // Not done yet, come back next loop
       }
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::POWER_ON);
       break;
     case EPaperState::POWER_ON:
       this->power_on();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN);
       break;
     case EPaperState::REFRESH_SCREEN:
       this->refresh_screen();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::POWER_OFF);
       break;
     case EPaperState::POWER_OFF:
       this->power_off();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP);
       break;
     case EPaperState::DEEP_SLEEP:
       this->deep_sleep();
-      this->set_state_(EPaperState::IDLE);
       break;
   }
-}
+  this->state_queue_.pop();
-
-void EPaperBase::set_state_(EPaperState state, uint16_t delay) {
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Exit state %s", this->epaper_state_to_string_());
-  this->state_ = state;
-  this->wait_for_idle_(state > EPaperState::SHOULD_WAIT);
-  if (delay != 0) {
-    this->delay_until_ = millis() + delay;
-  } else {
-    this->delay_until_ = 0;
-  }
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Enter state %s, delay %u, wait_for_idle=%s", this->epaper_state_to_string_(), delay,
-           TRUEFALSE(this->waiting_for_idle_));
 }
 
 void EPaperBase::start_command_() {
@@ -241,39 +203,25 @@ void EPaperBase::on_safe_shutdown() { this->deep_sleep(); }
 
 void EPaperBase::initialise_() {
   size_t index = 0;
-
+  const auto &sequence = this->init_sequence_;
-  auto *sequence = this->init_sequence_;
+  const size_t sequence_size = this->init_sequence_length_;
-  auto length = this->init_sequence_length_;
+  while (index != sequence_size) {
-  while (index != length) {
+    if (sequence_size - index < 2) {
-    if (length - index < 2) {
       this->mark_failed("Malformed init sequence");
       return;
     }
-    const uint8_t cmd = sequence[index++];
+    const auto *ptr = sequence + index;
-    if (const uint8_t x = sequence[index++]; x == DELAY_FLAG) {
+    const uint8_t length = ptr[1];
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Delay %dms", cmd);
+    if (sequence_size - index < length + 2) {
-      delay(cmd);
+      this->mark_failed("Malformed init sequence");
-    } else {
+      return;
-      const uint8_t num_args = x & 0x7F;
-      if (length - index < num_args) {
-        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Malformed init sequence, cmd = %X, num_args = %u", cmd, num_args);
-        this->mark_failed();
-        return;
-      }
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Command %02X, length %d", cmd, num_args);
-      this->cmd_data(cmd, sequence + index, num_args);
-      index += num_args;
     }
-  }
-}
 
-void EPaperBase::dump_config() {
+    this->cmd_data(ptr);
-  LOG_DISPLAY("", "E-Paper SPI", this);
+    index += length + 2;
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Model: %s", this->name_);
+  }
-  LOG_PIN("  Reset Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
+
-  LOG_PIN("  DC Pin: ", this->dc_pin_);
+  this->power_on();
-  LOG_PIN("  Busy Pin: ", this->busy_pin_);
-  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
 }
 
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi.h

@@ -8,48 +8,36 @@
 #include <queue>
 
 namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
-using namespace display;
 
 enum class EPaperState : uint8_t {
-  IDLE,       // not doing anything
+  IDLE,
-  UPDATE,     // update the buffer
+  UPDATE,
-  RESET,      // drive reset low (active)
+  RESET,
-  RESET_END,  // drive reset high (inactive)
+  INITIALISE,
-
+  TRANSFER_DATA,
-  SHOULD_WAIT,     // states higher than this should wait for the display to be not busy
+  POWER_ON,
-  INITIALISE,      // send the init sequence
+  REFRESH_SCREEN,
-  TRANSFER_DATA,   // transfer data to the display
+  POWER_OFF,
-  POWER_ON,        // power on the display
+  DEEP_SLEEP,
-  REFRESH_SCREEN,  // send refresh command
-  POWER_OFF,       // power off the display
-  DEEP_SLEEP,      // deep sleep the display
 };
 
-static constexpr uint8_t MAX_TRANSFER_TIME = 10;  // Transfer in 10ms blocks to allow the loop to run
+static const uint8_t MAX_TRANSFER_TIME = 10;  // Transfer in 10ms blocks to allow the loop to run
-static constexpr uint8_t DELAY_FLAG = 0xFF;
 
-class EPaperBase : public DisplayBuffer,
+class EPaperBase : public display::DisplayBuffer,
                    public spi::SPIDevice<spi::BIT_ORDER_MSB_FIRST, spi::CLOCK_POLARITY_LOW, spi::CLOCK_PHASE_LEADING,
                                          spi::DATA_RATE_2MHZ> {
  public:
-  EPaperBase(const char *name, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const uint8_t *init_sequence,
+  EPaperBase(const uint8_t *init_sequence, const size_t init_sequence_length)
-             size_t init_sequence_length, DisplayType display_type = DISPLAY_TYPE_BINARY)
+      : init_sequence_length_(init_sequence_length), init_sequence_(init_sequence) {}
-      : name_(name),
-        width_(width),
-        height_(height),
-        init_sequence_(init_sequence),
-        init_sequence_length_(init_sequence_length),
-        display_type_(display_type) {}
   void set_dc_pin(GPIOPin *dc_pin) { dc_pin_ = dc_pin; }
   float get_setup_priority() const override;
   void set_reset_pin(GPIOPin *reset) { this->reset_pin_ = reset; }
   void set_busy_pin(GPIOPin *busy) { this->busy_pin_ = busy; }
   void set_reset_duration(uint32_t reset_duration) { this->reset_duration_ = reset_duration; }
-  void dump_config() override;
 
   void command(uint8_t value);
   void data(uint8_t value);
-  void cmd_data(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *ptr, size_t length);
+  void cmd_data(const uint8_t *data);
 
   void update() override;
   void loop() override;
@@ -58,84 +46,48 @@ class EPaperBase : public DisplayBuffer,
 
   void on_safe_shutdown() override;
 
-  DisplayType get_display_type() override { return this->display_type_; };
-
  protected:
-  int get_height_internal() override { return this->height_; };
+  bool is_idle_();
-  int get_width_internal() override { return this->width_; };
+  void setup_pins_();
-  void process_state_();
+  virtual void reset();
-
-  const char *epaper_state_to_string_();
-  bool is_idle_() const;
-  void setup_pins_() const;
-  bool reset_() const;
   void initialise_();
-  void wait_for_idle_(bool should_wait);
   bool init_buffer_(size_t buffer_length);
 
   virtual int get_width_controller() { return this->get_width_internal(); };
-
+  virtual void deep_sleep() = 0;
-  /**
-   * Methods that must be implemented by concrete classes to control the display
-   */
   /**
    * Send data to the device via SPI
-   * @return true if done, false if it should be called next loop
+   * @return true if done, false if should be called next loop
    */
   virtual bool transfer_data() = 0;
-  /**
-   * Refresh the screen after data transfer
-   */
   virtual void refresh_screen() = 0;
 
-  /**
-   * Power the display on
-   */
   virtual void power_on() = 0;
-  /**
-   * Power the display off
-   */
   virtual void power_off() = 0;
-
+  virtual uint32_t get_buffer_length() = 0;
-  /**
-   * Place the display into deep sleep
-   */
-  virtual void deep_sleep() = 0;
-
-  void set_state_(EPaperState state, uint16_t delay = 0);
 
   void start_command_();
   void end_command_();
   void start_data_();
   void end_data_();
 
-  // properties initialised in the constructor
+  const size_t init_sequence_length_{0};
-  const char *name_;
-  uint16_t width_;
-  uint16_t height_;
-  const uint8_t *init_sequence_;
-  size_t init_sequence_length_;
-  DisplayType display_type_;
 
-  size_t buffer_length_{};
+  size_t current_data_index_{0};
-  size_t current_data_index_{0};  // used by data transfer to track progress
   uint32_t reset_duration_{200};
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
-  uint32_t transfer_start_time_{};
   uint32_t waiting_for_idle_last_print_{0};
-  uint32_t waiting_for_idle_start_{0};
-#endif
 
-  GPIOPin *dc_pin_{};
+  GPIOPin *dc_pin_;
-  GPIOPin *busy_pin_{};
+  GPIOPin *busy_pin_{nullptr};
-  GPIOPin *reset_pin_{};
+  GPIOPin *reset_pin_{nullptr};
+
+  const uint8_t *init_sequence_{nullptr};
 
   bool waiting_for_idle_{false};
-  uint32_t delay_until_{0};
 
   split_buffer::SplitBuffer buffer_;
 
-  EPaperState state_{EPaperState::IDLE};
+  std::queue<EPaperState> state_queue_{{EPaperState::IDLE}};
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_model_7p3in_spectra_e6.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#include "epaper_spi_model_7p3in_spectra_e6.h"
+
+namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
+
+static constexpr const char *const TAG = "epaper_spi.7.3in-spectra-e6";
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::power_on() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Power on");
+  this->command(0x04);
+  this->waiting_for_idle_ = true;
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::power_off() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Power off");
+  this->command(0x02);
+  this->data(0x00);
+  this->waiting_for_idle_ = true;
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::refresh_screen() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Refresh");
+  this->command(0x12);
+  this->data(0x00);
+  this->waiting_for_idle_ = true;
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::deep_sleep() {
+  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Deep sleep");
+  this->command(0x07);
+  this->data(0xA5);
+}
+
+void EPaper7p3InSpectraE6::dump_config() {
+  LOG_DISPLAY("", "E-Paper SPI", this);
+  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "  Model: 7.3in Spectra E6");
+  LOG_PIN("  Reset Pin: ", this->reset_pin_);
+  LOG_PIN("  DC Pin: ", this->dc_pin_);
+  LOG_PIN("  Busy Pin: ", this->busy_pin_);
+  LOG_UPDATE_INTERVAL(this);
+}
+
+}  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_model_7p3in_spectra_e6.h

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "epaper_spi_spectra_e6.h"
+
+namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
+
+class EPaper7p3InSpectraE6 : public EPaperSpectraE6 {
+  static constexpr const uint16_t WIDTH = 800;
+  static constexpr const uint16_t HEIGHT = 480;
+  // clang-format off
+
+  // Command, data length, data
+  static constexpr uint8_t INIT_SEQUENCE[] = {
+    0xAA, 6, 0x49, 0x55, 0x20, 0x08, 0x09, 0x18,
+    0x01, 1, 0x3F,
+    0x00, 2, 0x5F, 0x69,
+    0x03, 4, 0x00, 0x54, 0x00, 0x44,
+    0x05, 4, 0x40, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x2C,
+    0x06, 4, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x17, 0x49,
+    0x08, 4, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x22,
+    0x30, 1, 0x03,
+    0x50, 1, 0x3F,
+    0x60, 2, 0x02, 0x00,
+    0x61, 4, WIDTH / 256, WIDTH % 256, HEIGHT / 256, HEIGHT % 256,
+    0x84, 1, 0x01,
+    0xE3, 1, 0x2F,
+  };
+  // clang-format on
+
+ public:
+  EPaper7p3InSpectraE6() : EPaperSpectraE6(INIT_SEQUENCE, sizeof(INIT_SEQUENCE)) {}
+
+  void dump_config() override;
+
+ protected:
+  int get_width_internal() override { return WIDTH; };
+  int get_height_internal() override { return HEIGHT; };
+
+  void refresh_screen() override;
+  void power_on() override;
+  void power_off() override;
+  void deep_sleep() override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_spectra_e6.cpp

@@ -1,166 +1,135 @@
 #include "epaper_spi_spectra_e6.h"
 
-#include <algorithm>
-
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 
 namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
+
 static constexpr const char *const TAG = "epaper_spi.6c";
-static constexpr size_t MAX_TRANSFER_SIZE = 128;
-static constexpr unsigned char GRAY_THRESHOLD = 50;
 
-enum E6Color {
+static inline uint8_t color_to_hex(Color color) {
-  BLACK,
+  if (color.red > 127) {
-  WHITE,
+    if (color.green > 170) {
-  YELLOW,
+      if (color.blue > 127) {
-  RED,
+        return 0x1;  // White
-  SKIP_1,
+      } else {
-  BLUE,
+        return 0x2;  // Yellow
-  GREEN,
+      }
-  CYAN,
+    } else {
-  SKIP_2,
+      return 0x3;  // Red (or Magenta)
-};
+    }
-
+  } else {
-static uint8_t color_to_hex(Color color) {
+    if (color.green > 127) {
-  // --- Step 1: Check for Grayscale (Black or White) ---
+      if (color.blue > 127) {
-  // We define "grayscale" as a color where the min and max components
+        return 0x5;  // Cyan -> Blue
-  // are close to each other.
+      } else {
-  unsigned char max_rgb = std::max({color.r, color.g, color.b});
+        return 0x6;  // Green
-  unsigned char min_rgb = std::min({color.r, color.g, color.b});
+      }
-
+    } else {
-  if ((max_rgb - min_rgb) < GRAY_THRESHOLD) {
+      if (color.blue > 127) {
-    // It's a shade of gray. Map to BLACK or WHITE.
+        return 0x5;  // Blue
-    // We split the luminance at the halfway point (382 = (255*3)/2)
+      } else {
-    if ((static_cast<int>(color.r) + color.g + color.b) > 382) {
+        return 0x0;  // Black
-      return WHITE;
+      }
     }
-    return BLACK;
   }
-  // --- Step 2: Check for Primary/Secondary Colors ---
-  // If it's not gray, it's a color. We check which components are
-  // "on" (over 128) vs "off". This divides the RGB cube into 8 corners.
-  bool r_on = (color.r > 128);
-  bool g_on = (color.g > 128);
-  bool b_on = (color.b > 128);
-
-  if (r_on && g_on && !b_on) {
-    return YELLOW;
-  }
-  if (r_on && !g_on && !b_on) {
-    return RED;
-  }
-  if (!r_on && g_on && !b_on) {
-    return GREEN;
-  }
-  if (!r_on && !g_on && b_on) {
-    return BLUE;
-  }
-  // Handle "impure" colors (Cyan, Magenta)
-  if (!r_on && g_on && b_on) {
-    // Cyan (G+B) -> Closest is Green or Blue. Pick Green.
-    return GREEN;
-  }
-  if (r_on && !g_on) {
-    // Magenta (R+B) -> Closest is Red or Blue. Pick Red.
-    return RED;
-  }
-  // Handle the remaining corners (White-ish, Black-ish)
-  if (r_on) {
-    // All high (but not gray) -> White
-    return WHITE;
-  }
-  // !r_on && !g_on && !b_on
-  // All low (but not gray) -> Black
-  return BLACK;
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::power_on() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power on");
-  this->command(0x04);
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::power_off() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Power off");
-  this->command(0x02);
-  this->data(0x00);
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::refresh_screen() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Refresh");
-  this->command(0x12);
-  this->data(0x00);
-}
-
-void EPaperSpectraE6::deep_sleep() {
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Deep sleep");
-  this->command(0x07);
-  this->data(0xA5);
 }
 
 void EPaperSpectraE6::fill(Color color) {
-  auto pixel_color = color_to_hex(color);
+  uint8_t pixel_color;
+  if (color.is_on()) {
+    pixel_color = color_to_hex(color);
+  } else {
+    pixel_color = 0x1;
+  }
 
-  // We store 2 pixels per byte
+  // We store 8 bitset<3> in 3 bytes
-  this->buffer_.fill(pixel_color + (pixel_color << 4));
+  // | byte 1 | byte 2 | byte 3 |
+  // |aaabbbaa|abbbaaab|bbaaabbb|
+  uint8_t byte_1 = pixel_color << 5 | pixel_color << 2 | pixel_color >> 1;
+  uint8_t byte_2 = pixel_color << 7 | pixel_color << 4 | pixel_color << 1 | pixel_color >> 2;
+  uint8_t byte_3 = pixel_color << 6 | pixel_color << 3 | pixel_color << 0;
+
+  const size_t buffer_length = this->get_buffer_length();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < buffer_length; i += 3) {
+    this->buffer_[i + 0] = byte_1;
+    this->buffer_[i + 1] = byte_2;
+    this->buffer_[i + 2] = byte_3;
+  }
 }
 
-void EPaperSpectraE6::clear() {
+uint32_t EPaperSpectraE6::get_buffer_length() {
-  // clear buffer to white, just like real paper.
+  // 6 colors buffer, 1 pixel = 3 bits, we will store 8 pixels in 24 bits = 3 bytes
-  this->fill(COLOR_ON);
+  return this->get_width_controller() * this->get_height_internal() / 8u * 3u;
 }
 
 void HOT EPaperSpectraE6::draw_absolute_pixel_internal(int x, int y, Color color) {
-  if (x >= this->width_ || y >= this->height_ || x < 0 || y < 0)
+  if (x >= this->get_width_internal() || y >= this->get_height_internal() || x < 0 || y < 0)
     return;
 
-  auto pixel_bits = color_to_hex(color);
+  uint8_t pixel_bits = color_to_hex(color);
   uint32_t pixel_position = x + y * this->get_width_controller();
-  uint32_t byte_position = pixel_position / 2;
+  uint32_t first_bit_position = pixel_position * 3;
-  auto original = this->buffer_[byte_position];
+  uint32_t byte_position = first_bit_position / 8u;
-  if ((pixel_position & 1) != 0) {
+  uint32_t byte_subposition = first_bit_position % 8u;
-    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (original & 0xF0) | pixel_bits;
+
+  if (byte_subposition <= 5) {
+    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (this->buffer_[byte_position] & (0xFF ^ (0b111 << (5 - byte_subposition)))) |
+                                   (pixel_bits << (5 - byte_subposition));
   } else {
-    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (original & 0x0F) | (pixel_bits << 4);
+    this->buffer_[byte_position] = (this->buffer_[byte_position] & (0xFF ^ (0b111 >> (byte_subposition - 5)))) |
+                                   (pixel_bits >> (byte_subposition - 5));
+
+    this->buffer_[byte_position + 1] =
+        (this->buffer_[byte_position + 1] & (0xFF ^ (0xFF & (0b111 << (13 - byte_subposition))))) |
+        (pixel_bits << (13 - byte_subposition));
   }
 }
 
 bool HOT EPaperSpectraE6::transfer_data() {
   const uint32_t start_time = App.get_loop_component_start_time();
-  const size_t buffer_length = this->buffer_length_;
   if (this->current_data_index_ == 0) {
-#if ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL >= ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE
+    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Sending data");
-    this->transfer_start_time_ = millis();
-#endif
-    ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Start sending data at %ums", (unsigned) millis());
     this->command(0x10);
   }
 
-  size_t buf_idx = 0;
+  uint8_t bytes_to_send[4]{0};
-  uint8_t bytes_to_send[MAX_TRANSFER_SIZE];
+  const size_t buffer_length = this->get_buffer_length();
-  while (this->current_data_index_ != buffer_length) {
+  for (size_t i = this->current_data_index_; i < buffer_length; i += 3) {
-    bytes_to_send[buf_idx++] = this->buffer_[this->current_data_index_++];
+    const uint32_t triplet = encode_uint24(this->buffer_[i + 0], this->buffer_[i + 1], this->buffer_[i + 2]);
+    // 8 pixels are stored in 3 bytes
+    // |aaabbbaa|abbbaaab|bbaaabbb|
+    // | byte 1 | byte 2 | byte 3 |
+    bytes_to_send[0] = ((triplet >> 17) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet >> 18) & 0b00000111);
+    bytes_to_send[1] = ((triplet >> 11) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet >> 12) & 0b00000111);
+    bytes_to_send[2] = ((triplet >> 5) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet >> 6) & 0b00000111);
+    bytes_to_send[3] = ((triplet << 1) & 0b01110000) | ((triplet << 0) & 0b00000111);
 
-    if (buf_idx == sizeof bytes_to_send) {
+    this->start_data_();
-      this->start_data_();
+    this->write_array(bytes_to_send, sizeof(bytes_to_send));
-      this->write_array(bytes_to_send, buf_idx);
+    this->end_data_();
-      this->end_data_();
-      ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Wrote %d bytes at %ums", buf_idx, (unsigned) millis());
-      buf_idx = 0;
 
-      if (millis() - start_time > MAX_TRANSFER_TIME) {
+    if (millis() - start_time > MAX_TRANSFER_TIME) {
-        // Let the main loop run and come back next loop
+      // Let the main loop run and come back next loop
-        return false;
+      this->current_data_index_ = i + 3;
-      }
+      return false;
     }
   }
   // Finished the entire dataset
-  if (buf_idx != 0) {
-    this->start_data_();
-    this->write_array(bytes_to_send, buf_idx);
-    this->end_data_();
-  }
   this->current_data_index_ = 0;
-  ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Sent data in %" PRIu32 " ms", millis() - this->transfer_start_time_);
   return true;
 }
+
+void EPaperSpectraE6::reset() {
+  if (this->reset_pin_ != nullptr) {
+    this->disable_loop();
+    this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+    this->set_timeout(20, [this] {
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(false);
+      delay(2);
+      this->reset_pin_->digital_write(true);
+      this->set_timeout(20, [this] { this->enable_loop(); });
+    });
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/epaper_spi_spectra_e6.h

@@ -6,23 +6,18 @@ namespace esphome::epaper_spi {
 
 class EPaperSpectraE6 : public EPaperBase {
  public:
-  EPaperSpectraE6(const char *name, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const uint8_t *init_sequence,
+  EPaperSpectraE6(const uint8_t *init_sequence, const size_t init_sequence_length)
-                  size_t init_sequence_length)
+      : EPaperBase(init_sequence, init_sequence_length) {}
-      : EPaperBase(name, width, height, init_sequence, init_sequence_length, DISPLAY_TYPE_COLOR) {
-    this->buffer_length_ = width * height / 2;  // 2 pixels per byte
-  }
 
+  display::DisplayType get_display_type() override { return display::DisplayType::DISPLAY_TYPE_COLOR; }
   void fill(Color color) override;
-  void clear() override;
 
  protected:
-  void refresh_screen() override;
-  void power_on() override;
-  void power_off() override;
-  void deep_sleep() override;
   void draw_absolute_pixel_internal(int x, int y, Color color) override;
+  uint32_t get_buffer_length() override;
 
   bool transfer_data() override;
+  void reset() override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::epaper_spi

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/__init__.py

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-from typing import Any, Self
-
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_DIMENSIONS, CONF_HEIGHT, CONF_WIDTH
-
-
-class EpaperModel:
-    models: dict[str, Self] = {}
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        name: str,
-        class_name: str,
-        initsequence=None,
-        **defaults,
-    ):
-        name = name.upper()
-        self.name = name
-        self.class_name = class_name
-        self.initsequence = initsequence
-        self.defaults = defaults
-        EpaperModel.models[name] = self
-
-    def get_default(self, key, fallback: Any = False) -> Any:
-        return self.defaults.get(key, fallback)
-
-    def get_init_sequence(self, config: dict):
-        return self.initsequence
-
-    def option(self, name, fallback=cv.UNDEFINED) -> cv.Optional | cv.Required:
-        if fallback is None and self.get_default(name, None) is None:
-            return cv.Required(name)
-        return cv.Optional(name, default=self.get_default(name, fallback))
-
-    def get_dimensions(self, config) -> tuple[int, int]:
-        if CONF_DIMENSIONS in config:
-            # Explicit dimensions, just use as is
-            dimensions = config[CONF_DIMENSIONS]
-            if isinstance(dimensions, dict):
-                width = dimensions[CONF_WIDTH]
-                height = dimensions[CONF_HEIGHT]
-            else:
-                (width, height) = dimensions
-
-        else:
-            # Default dimensions, use model defaults
-            width = self.get_default(CONF_WIDTH)
-            height = self.get_default(CONF_HEIGHT)
-        return width, height
-
-    def extend(self, name, **kwargs) -> "EpaperModel":
-        """
-        Extend the current model with additional parameters or a modified init sequence.
-        Parameters supplied here will override the defaults of the current model.
-        if the initsequence is not provided, the current model's initsequence will be used.
-        If add_init_sequence is provided, it will be appended to the current initsequence.
-        :param name:
-        :param kwargs:
-        :return:
-        """
-        initsequence = list(kwargs.pop("initsequence", self.initsequence) or ())
-        initsequence.extend(kwargs.pop("add_init_sequence", ()))
-        defaults = self.defaults.copy()
-        defaults.update(kwargs)
-        return self.__class__(name, initsequence=tuple(initsequence), **defaults)

esphome/components/epaper_spi/models/spectra_e6.py

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-from typing import Any
-
-from . import EpaperModel
-
-
-class SpectraE6(EpaperModel):
-    def __init__(self, name, class_name="EPaperSpectraE6", **kwargs):
-        super().__init__(name, class_name, **kwargs)
-
-    # fmt: off
-    def get_init_sequence(self, config: dict):
-        width, height = self.get_dimensions(config)
-        return (
-            (0xAA, 0x49, 0x55, 0x20, 0x08, 0x09, 0x18,),
-            (0x01, 0x3F,),
-            (0x00, 0x5F, 0x69,),
-            (0x03, 0x00, 0x54, 0x00, 0x44,),
-            (0x05, 0x40, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x2C,),
-            (0x06, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x17, 0x49,),
-            (0x08, 0x6F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x22,),
-            (0x30, 0x03,),
-            (0x50, 0x3F,),
-            (0x60, 0x02, 0x00,),
-            (0x61, width // 256, width % 256, height // 256, height % 256,),
-            (0x84, 0x01,),
-            (0xE3, 0x2F,),
-        )
-
-    def get_default(self, key, fallback: Any = False) -> Any:
-        return self.defaults.get(key, fallback)
-
-
-spectra_e6 = SpectraE6("spectra-e6")
-
-spectra_e6.extend(
-    "Seeed-reTerminal-E1002",
-    width=800,
-    height=480,
-    data_rate="20MHz",
-    cs_pin=10,
-    dc_pin=11,
-    reset_pin=12,
-    busy_pin={
-        "number": 13,
-        "inverted": True,
-        "mode": {
-            "input": True,
-            "pullup": True,
-        },
-    },
-)

esphome/components/es8388/select/adc_input_mic_select.cpp

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace es8388 {
 
-void ADCInputMicSelect::control(size_t index) {
+void ADCInputMicSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
+  this->publish_state(value);
-  this->parent_->set_adc_input_mic(static_cast<AdcInputMicLine>(index));
+  this->parent_->set_adc_input_mic(static_cast<AdcInputMicLine>(this->index_of(value).value()));
 }
 
 }  // namespace es8388

esphome/components/es8388/select/adc_input_mic_select.h

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace es8388 {
 
 class ADCInputMicSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<ES8388> {
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace es8388

esphome/components/es8388/select/dac_output_select.cpp

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace es8388 {
 
-void DacOutputSelect::control(size_t index) {
+void DacOutputSelect::control(const std::string &value) {
-  this->publish_state(index);
+  this->publish_state(value);
-  this->parent_->set_dac_output(static_cast<DacOutputLine>(index));
+  this->parent_->set_dac_output(static_cast<DacOutputLine>(this->index_of(value).value()));
 }
 
 }  // namespace es8388

esphome/components/es8388/select/dac_output_select.h

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace es8388 {
 
 class DacOutputSelect : public select::Select, public Parented<ES8388> {
  protected:
-  void control(size_t index) override;
+  void control(const std::string &value) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace es8388

esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py

@@ -558,7 +558,6 @@ CONF_DISABLE_LIBC_LOCKS_IN_IRAM = "disable_libc_locks_in_iram"
 CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_TERMIOS = "disable_vfs_support_termios"
 CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_SELECT = "disable_vfs_support_select"
 CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_DIR = "disable_vfs_support_dir"
-CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE = "loop_task_stack_size"
 
 # VFS requirement tracking
 # Components that need VFS features can call require_vfs_select() or require_vfs_dir()
@@ -655,9 +654,6 @@ FRAMEWORK_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                     ): cv.boolean,
                     cv.Optional(CONF_DISABLE_VFS_SUPPORT_DIR, default=True): cv.boolean,
                     cv.Optional(CONF_EXECUTE_FROM_PSRAM): cv.boolean,
-                    cv.Optional(CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE, default=8192): cv.int_range(
-                        min=8192, max=32768
-                    ),
                 }
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_COMPONENTS, default=[]): cv.ensure_list(
@@ -930,10 +926,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
                 f"VERSION_CODE({framework_ver.major}, {framework_ver.minor}, {framework_ver.patch})"
             ),
         )
-        add_idf_sdkconfig_option(
-            "CONFIG_ARDUINO_LOOP_STACK_SIZE",
-            conf[CONF_ADVANCED][CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE],
-        )
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_AUTOSTART_ARDUINO", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_PSK_MODES", True)
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_MBEDTLS_CERTIFICATE_BUNDLE", True)
@@ -1079,10 +1071,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         )
         add_idf_sdkconfig_option("CONFIG_IDF_EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURES", True)
 
-    cg.add_define(
-        "ESPHOME_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE", advanced.get(CONF_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE)
-    )
-
     cg.add_define(
         "USE_ESP_IDF_VERSION_CODE",
         cg.RawExpression(

esphome/components/esp32/core.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
-#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/hal.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "preferences.h"
@@ -97,11 +96,7 @@ void loop_task(void *pv_params) {
 
 extern "C" void app_main() {
   esp32::setup_preferences();
-#if CONFIG_FREERTOS_UNICORE
+  xTaskCreate(loop_task, "loopTask", 8192, nullptr, 1, &loop_task_handle);
-  xTaskCreate(loop_task, "loopTask", ESPHOME_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE, nullptr, 1, &loop_task_handle);
-#else
-  xTaskCreatePinnedToCore(loop_task, "loopTask", ESPHOME_LOOP_TASK_STACK_SIZE, nullptr, 1, &loop_task_handle, 1);
-#endif
 }
 #endif  // USE_ESP_IDF
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble/__init__.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from typing import Any
 
 from esphome import automation
 import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import socket
 from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_sdkconfig_option, const, get_esp32_variant
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ from esphome.core import CORE, CoroPriority, TimePeriod, coroutine_with_priority
 import esphome.final_validate as fv
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32"]
-AUTO_LOAD = ["socket"]
 CODEOWNERS = ["@jesserockz", "@Rapsssito", "@bdraco"]
 DOMAIN = "esp32_ble"
 
@@ -483,11 +481,6 @@ async def to_code(config):
         cg.add(var.set_name(name))
     await cg.register_component(var, config)
 
-    # BLE uses the socket wake_loop_threadsafe() mechanism to wake the main loop from BLE tasks
-    # This enables low-latency (~12μs) BLE event processing instead of waiting for
-    # select() timeout (0-16ms). The wake socket is shared across all components.
-    socket.require_wake_loop_threadsafe()
-
     # Define max connections for use in C++ code (e.g., ble_server.h)
     max_connections = config.get(CONF_MAX_CONNECTIONS, DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS)
     cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_MAX_CONNECTIONS", max_connections)

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.cpp

@@ -31,26 +31,6 @@ namespace esphome::esp32_ble {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "esp32_ble";
 
-// GAP event groups for deduplication across gap_event_handler and dispatch_gap_event_
-#define GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT
-
-#define GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_RAW_SET_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_START_COMPLETE_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT
-
-#define GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_AUTH_CMPL_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_SEC_REQ_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_NOTIF_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_REQ_EVT: \
-  case ESP_GAP_BLE_NC_REQ_EVT
-
 void ESP32BLE::setup() {
   global_ble = this;
   if (!ble_pre_setup_()) {
@@ -434,48 +414,60 @@ void ESP32BLE::loop() {
             break;
 
           // Scan complete events
-          GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
-          // Advertising complete events
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
-          GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
-          // RSSI complete event
+            // All three scan complete events have the same structure with just status
-          case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
+            // The scan_complete struct matches ESP-IDF's layout exactly, so this reinterpret_cast is safe
-          // Security events
+            // This is verified at compile-time by static_assert checks in ble_event.h
-          GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS:
+            // The struct already contains our copy of the status (copied in BLEEvent constructor)
             ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
 #ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
-            {
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
-              esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *param;
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
-              // clang-format off
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.scan_complete));
-              switch (gap_event) {
+            }
-                // All three scan complete events have the same structure with just status
+#endif
-                // The scan_complete struct matches ESP-IDF's layout exactly, so this reinterpret_cast is safe
+            break;
-                // This is verified at compile-time by static_assert checks in ble_event.h
-                // The struct already contains our copy of the status (copied in BLEEvent constructor)
-                GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.scan_complete);
-                  break;
 
-                // All advertising complete events have the same structure with just status
+          // Advertising complete events
-                GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.adv_complete);
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
-                  break;
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_RAW_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
+            // All advertising complete events have the same structure with just status
+            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
+#ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.adv_complete));
+            }
+#endif
+            break;
 
-                case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
+          // RSSI complete event
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.read_rssi_complete);
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
-                  break;
+            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
+#ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.read_rssi_complete));
+            }
+#endif
+            break;
 
-                GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS:
+          // Security events
-                  param = reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.security);
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_AUTH_CMPL_EVT:
-                  break;
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_SEC_REQ_EVT:
-
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_NOTIF_EVT:
-                default:
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_REQ_EVT:
-                  break;
+          case ESP_GAP_BLE_NC_REQ_EVT:
-              }
+            ESP_LOGV(TAG, "gap_event_handler - %d", gap_event);
-              // clang-format on
+#ifdef ESPHOME_ESP32_BLE_GAP_EVENT_HANDLER_COUNT
-              // Dispatch to all registered handlers
+            for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
-              for (auto *gap_handler : this->gap_event_handlers_) {
+              gap_handler->gap_event_handler(
-                gap_handler->gap_event_handler(gap_event, param);
+                  gap_event, reinterpret_cast<esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *>(&ble_event->event_.gap.security));
-              }
             }
 #endif
             break;
@@ -555,22 +547,24 @@ void ESP32BLE::gap_event_handler(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t event, esp_ble_gap_cb_pa
     // Queue GAP events that components need to handle
     // Scanning events - used by esp32_ble_tracker
     case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RESULT_EVT:
-    GAP_SCAN_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
     // Advertising events - used by esp32_ble_beacon and esp32_ble server
-    GAP_ADV_COMPLETE_EVENTS:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_DATA_RAW_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_ADV_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
     // Connection events - used by ble_client
     case ESP_GAP_BLE_READ_RSSI_COMPLETE_EVT:
-      enqueue_ble_event(event, param);
-      return;
-
     // Security events - used by ble_client and bluetooth_proxy
-    // These are rare but interactive (pairing/bonding), so notify immediately
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_AUTH_CMPL_EVT:
-    GAP_SECURITY_EVENTS:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_SEC_REQ_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_NOTIF_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_PASSKEY_REQ_EVT:
+    case ESP_GAP_BLE_NC_REQ_EVT:
       enqueue_ble_event(event, param);
-      // Wake up main loop to process security event immediately
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-      App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
       return;
 
     // Ignore these GAP events as they are not relevant for our use case
@@ -590,10 +584,6 @@ void ESP32BLE::gap_event_handler(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t event, esp_ble_gap_cb_pa
 void ESP32BLE::gatts_event_handler(esp_gatts_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gatts_if,
                                    esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t *param) {
   enqueue_ble_event(event, gatts_if, param);
-  // Wake up main loop to process GATT event immediately
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-  App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -601,10 +591,6 @@ void ESP32BLE::gatts_event_handler(esp_gatts_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gat
 void ESP32BLE::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_gatt_if_t gattc_if,
                                    esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *param) {
   enqueue_ble_event(event, gattc_if, param);
-  // Wake up main loop to process GATT event immediately
-#if defined(USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT) && defined(USE_WAKE_LOOP_THREADSAFE)
-  App.wake_loop_threadsafe();
-#endif
 }
 #endif
 

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.h

@@ -162,11 +162,6 @@ class ESP32BLE : public Component {
   void advertising_init_();
 #endif
 
-  // BLE uses the core wake_loop_threadsafe() mechanism to wake the main event loop
-  // from BLE tasks. This enables low-latency (~12μs) event processing instead of
-  // waiting for select() timeout (0-16ms). The wake socket is shared with other
-  // components that need this functionality.
-
  private:
   template<typename... Args> friend void enqueue_ble_event(Args... args);
 
@@ -214,17 +209,17 @@ extern ESP32BLE *global_ble;
 
 template<typename... Ts> class BLEEnabledCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
  public:
-  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return global_ble->is_active(); }
+  bool check(Ts... x) override { return global_ble->is_active(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class BLEEnableAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { global_ble->enable(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { global_ble->enable(); }
 };
 
 template<typename... Ts> class BLEDisableAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { global_ble->disable(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { global_ble->disable(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::esp32_ble

esphome/components/esp32_ble_server/ble_server_automations.h

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLECharacteristicSetValueAction : public Action<T
   BLECharacteristicSetValueAction(BLECharacteristic *characteristic) : parent_(characteristic) {}
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::vector<uint8_t>, buffer)
   void set_buffer(ByteBuffer buffer) { this->set_buffer(buffer.get_data()); }
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     // If the listener is already set, do nothing
     if (BLECharacteristicSetValueActionManager::get_instance()->has_listener(this->parent_))
       return;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLECharacteristicSetValueAction : public Action<T
 template<typename... Ts> class BLECharacteristicNotifyAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   BLECharacteristicNotifyAction(BLECharacteristic *characteristic) : parent_(characteristic) {}
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
 #ifdef USE_ESP32_BLE_SERVER_SET_VALUE_ACTION
     // Call the pre-notify event
     BLECharacteristicSetValueActionManager::get_instance()->emit_pre_notify(this->parent_);
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class BLEDescriptorSetValueAction : public Action<Ts...
   BLEDescriptorSetValueAction(BLEDescriptor *descriptor) : parent_(descriptor) {}
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::vector<uint8_t>, buffer)
   void set_buffer(ByteBuffer buffer) { this->set_buffer(buffer.get_data()); }
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->set_value(this->buffer_.value(x...)); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->set_value(this->buffer_.value(x...)); }
 
  protected:
   BLEDescriptor *parent_;

esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/automation.h

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ESP32BLEStartScanAction : public Action<Ts...> {
  public:
   ESP32BLEStartScanAction(ESP32BLETracker *parent) : parent_(parent) {}
   TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, continuous)
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
+  void play(Ts... x) override {
     this->parent_->set_scan_continuous(this->continuous_.value(x...));
     this->parent_->start_scan();
   }
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ template<typename... Ts> class ESP32BLEStartScanAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 
 template<typename... Ts> class ESP32BLEStopScanAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Parented<ESP32BLETracker> {
  public:
-  void play(const Ts &...x) override { this->parent_->stop_scan(); }
+  void play(Ts... x) override { this->parent_->stop_scan(); }
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome::esp32_ble_tracker

esphome/components/esp32_camera/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from esphome import automation, pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import i2c
 from esphome.components.esp32 import add_idf_component
-from esphome.components.psram import DOMAIN as psram_domain
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import (
     CONF_BRIGHTNESS,
@@ -27,9 +26,10 @@ import esphome.final_validate as fv
 
 _LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-AUTO_LOAD = ["camera"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32"]
 
+AUTO_LOAD = ["camera", "psram"]
+
 esp32_camera_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esp32_camera")
 ESP32Camera = esp32_camera_ns.class_("ESP32Camera", cg.PollingComponent, cg.EntityBase)
 ESP32CameraImageData = esp32_camera_ns.struct("CameraImageData")
@@ -163,14 +163,6 @@ CONF_ON_IMAGE = "on_image"
 
 camera_range_param = cv.int_range(min=-2, max=2)
 
-
-def validate_fb_location_(value):
-    validator = cv.enum(ENUM_FB_LOCATION, upper=True)
-    if value.lower() == psram_domain:
-        validator = cv.All(validator, cv.requires_component(psram_domain))
-    return validator(value)
-
-
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
     cv.ENTITY_BASE_SCHEMA.extend(
         {
@@ -244,9 +236,9 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
                 cv.framerate, cv.Range(min=0, max=1)
             ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_FRAME_BUFFER_COUNT, default=1): cv.int_range(min=1, max=2),
-            cv.Optional(
+            cv.Optional(CONF_FRAME_BUFFER_LOCATION, default="PSRAM"): cv.enum(
-                CONF_FRAME_BUFFER_LOCATION, default="PSRAM"
+                ENUM_FB_LOCATION, upper=True
-            ): validate_fb_location_,
+            ),
             cv.Optional(CONF_ON_STREAM_START): automation.validate_automation(
                 {
                     cv.GenerateID(CONF_TRIGGER_ID): cv.declare_id(

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/__init__.py

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-import hashlib
-from typing import Any
-
-import esphome.codegen as cg
-from esphome.components import esp32, update
-import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_PATH, CONF_RAW_DATA_ID
-from esphome.core import CORE, HexInt
-
-CODEOWNERS = ["@swoboda1337"]
-AUTO_LOAD = ["sha256", "watchdog"]
-DEPENDENCIES = ["esp32_hosted"]
-
-CONF_SHA256 = "sha256"
-
-esp32_hosted_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace("esp32_hosted")
-Esp32HostedUpdate = esp32_hosted_ns.class_(
-    "Esp32HostedUpdate", update.UpdateEntity, cg.Component
-)
-
-
-def _validate_sha256(value: Any) -> str:
-    value = cv.string_strict(value)
-    if len(value) != 64:
-        raise cv.Invalid("SHA256 must be 64 hexadecimal characters")
-    try:
-        bytes.fromhex(value)
-    except ValueError as e:
-        raise cv.Invalid(f"SHA256 must be valid hexadecimal: {e}") from e
-    return value
-
-
-CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    update.update_schema(Esp32HostedUpdate, device_class="firmware").extend(
-        {
-            cv.GenerateID(CONF_RAW_DATA_ID): cv.declare_id(cg.uint8),
-            cv.Required(CONF_PATH): cv.file_,
-            cv.Required(CONF_SHA256): _validate_sha256,
-        }
-    ),
-    esp32.only_on_variant(
-        supported=[
-            esp32.const.VARIANT_ESP32H2,
-            esp32.const.VARIANT_ESP32P4,
-        ]
-    ),
-)
-
-
-def _validate_firmware(config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-    path = CORE.relative_config_path(config[CONF_PATH])
-    with open(path, "rb") as f:
-        firmware_data = f.read()
-    calculated = hashlib.sha256(firmware_data).hexdigest()
-    expected = config[CONF_SHA256].lower()
-    if calculated != expected:
-        raise cv.Invalid(
-            f"SHA256 mismatch for {config[CONF_PATH]}: expected {expected}, got {calculated}"
-        )
-
-
-FINAL_VALIDATE_SCHEMA = _validate_firmware
-
-
-async def to_code(config: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
-    var = await update.new_update(config)
-
-    path = config[CONF_PATH]
-    with open(CORE.relative_config_path(path), "rb") as f:
-        firmware_data = f.read()
-    rhs = [HexInt(x) for x in firmware_data]
-    prog_arr = cg.progmem_array(config[CONF_RAW_DATA_ID], rhs)
-
-    sha256_bytes = bytes.fromhex(config[CONF_SHA256])
-    cg.add(var.set_firmware_sha256([HexInt(b) for b in sha256_bytes]))
-    cg.add(var.set_firmware_data(prog_arr))
-    cg.add(var.set_firmware_size(len(firmware_data)))
-    await cg.register_component(var, config)

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/esp32_hosted_update.cpp

@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)
-#include "esp32_hosted_update.h"
-#include "esphome/components/watchdog/watchdog.h"
-#include "esphome/components/sha256/sha256.h"
-#include "esphome/core/application.h"
-#include "esphome/core/log.h"
-#include <esp_image_format.h>
-#include <esp_app_desc.h>
-#include <esp_hosted.h>
-
-extern "C" {
-#include <esp_hosted_ota.h>
-}
-
-namespace esphome::esp32_hosted {
-
-static const char *const TAG = "esp32_hosted.update";
-
-// older coprocessor firmware versions have a 1500-byte limit per RPC call
-constexpr size_t CHUNK_SIZE = 1500;
-
-void Esp32HostedUpdate::setup() {
-  this->update_info_.title = "ESP32 Hosted Coprocessor";
-
-  // get coprocessor version
-  esp_hosted_coprocessor_fwver_t ver_info;
-  if (esp_hosted_get_coprocessor_fwversion(&ver_info) == ESP_OK) {
-    this->update_info_.current_version = str_sprintf("%d.%d.%d", ver_info.major1, ver_info.minor1, ver_info.patch1);
-  } else {
-    this->update_info_.current_version = "unknown";
-  }
-  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Coprocessor version: %s", this->update_info_.current_version.c_str());
-
-  // get image version
-  const int app_desc_offset = sizeof(esp_image_header_t) + sizeof(esp_image_segment_header_t);
-  if (this->firmware_size_ >= app_desc_offset + sizeof(esp_app_desc_t)) {
-    esp_app_desc_t *app_desc = (esp_app_desc_t *) (this->firmware_data_ + app_desc_offset);
-    if (app_desc->magic_word == ESP_APP_DESC_MAGIC_WORD) {
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Firmware version: %s", app_desc->version);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Project name: %s", app_desc->project_name);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Build date: %s", app_desc->date);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Build time: %s", app_desc->time);
-      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "IDF version: %s", app_desc->idf_ver);
-      this->update_info_.latest_version = app_desc->version;
-      if (this->update_info_.latest_version != this->update_info_.current_version) {
-        this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_AVAILABLE;
-      } else {
-        this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-      }
-    } else {
-      ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid app description magic word: 0x%08x (expected 0x%08x)", app_desc->magic_word,
-               ESP_APP_DESC_MAGIC_WORD);
-      this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-    }
-  } else {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Firmware too small to contain app description");
-    this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-  }
-
-  // publish state
-  this->status_clear_error();
-  this->publish_state();
-}
-
-void Esp32HostedUpdate::dump_config() {
-  ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG,
-                "ESP32 Hosted Update:\n"
-                "  Current Version: %s\n"
-                "  Latest Version: %s\n"
-                "  Latest Size: %zu bytes",
-                this->update_info_.current_version.c_str(), this->update_info_.latest_version.c_str(),
-                this->firmware_size_);
-}
-
-void Esp32HostedUpdate::perform(bool force) {
-  if (this->state_ != update::UPDATE_STATE_AVAILABLE && !force) {
-    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Update not available");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (this->firmware_data_ == nullptr || this->firmware_size_ == 0) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "No firmware data available");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  sha256::SHA256 hasher;
-  hasher.init();
-  hasher.add(this->firmware_data_, this->firmware_size_);
-  hasher.calculate();
-  if (!hasher.equals_bytes(this->firmware_sha256_.data())) {
-    this->status_set_error("SHA256 verification failed");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Starting OTA update (%zu bytes)", this->firmware_size_);
-
-  watchdog::WatchdogManager watchdog(20000);
-  update::UpdateState prev_state = this->state_;
-  this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_INSTALLING;
-  this->update_info_.has_progress = false;
-  this->publish_state();
-
-  esp_err_t err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_begin();  // NOLINT
-  if (err != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to begin OTA: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-    this->state_ = prev_state;
-    this->status_set_error("Failed to begin OTA");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  uint8_t chunk[CHUNK_SIZE];
-  const uint8_t *data_ptr = this->firmware_data_;
-  size_t remaining = this->firmware_size_;
-  while (remaining > 0) {
-    size_t chunk_size = std::min(remaining, static_cast<size_t>(CHUNK_SIZE));
-    memcpy(chunk, data_ptr, chunk_size);
-    err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_write(chunk, chunk_size);  // NOLINT
-    if (err != ESP_OK) {
-      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to write OTA data: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-      esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT
-      this->state_ = prev_state;
-      this->status_set_error("Failed to write OTA data");
-      this->publish_state();
-      return;
-    }
-    data_ptr += chunk_size;
-    remaining -= chunk_size;
-    App.feed_wdt();
-  }
-
-  err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_end();  // NOLINT
-  if (err != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to end OTA: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-    this->state_ = prev_state;
-    this->status_set_error("Failed to end OTA");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // activate new firmware
-  err = esp_hosted_slave_ota_activate();  // NOLINT
-  if (err != ESP_OK) {
-    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to activate OTA: %s", esp_err_to_name(err));
-    this->state_ = prev_state;
-    this->status_set_error("Failed to activate OTA");
-    this->publish_state();
-    return;
-  }
-
-  // update state
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "OTA update successful");
-  this->state_ = update::UPDATE_STATE_NO_UPDATE;
-  this->status_clear_error();
-  this->publish_state();
-
-  // schedule a restart to ensure everything is in sync
-  ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Restarting in 1 second");
-  this->set_timeout(1000, []() { App.safe_reboot(); });
-}
-
-}  // namespace esphome::esp32_hosted
-#endif

esphome/components/esp32_hosted/update/esp32_hosted_update.h

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32H2) || defined(USE_ESP32_VARIANT_ESP32P4)
-
-#include "esphome/core/component.h"
-#include "esphome/components/update/update_entity.h"
-#include <array>
-
-namespace esphome::esp32_hosted {
-
-class Esp32HostedUpdate : public update::UpdateEntity, public Component {
- public:
-  void setup() override;
-  void dump_config() override;
-  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::AFTER_WIFI; }
-
-  void perform(bool force) override;
-  void check() override {}
-
-  void set_firmware_data(const uint8_t *data) { this->firmware_data_ = data; }
-  void set_firmware_size(size_t size) { this->firmware_size_ = size; }
-  void set_firmware_sha256(const std::array<uint8_t, 32> &sha256) { this->firmware_sha256_ = sha256; }
-
- protected:
-  const uint8_t *firmware_data_{nullptr};
-  size_t firmware_size_{0};
-  std::array<uint8_t, 32> firmware_sha256_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace esphome::esp32_hosted
-
-#endif