[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/tm1637/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+display:
+  - platform: tm1637
+    clk_pin: 5
+    dio_pin: 4
+    intensity: 3
+    lambda: |-
+      it.print("1234");