[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/rc522_i2c/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+i2c:
+  - id: i2c_rc522
+    scl: 5
+    sda: 4
+
+rc522_i2c:
+  - id: rc522_nfcc
+    update_interval: 1s
+    on_tag:
+      - lambda: |-
+          ESP_LOGD("main", "Found tag %s", x.c_str());
+
+binary_sensor:
+  - platform: rc522
+    rc522_id: rc522_nfcc
+    name: RC522 NFC Tag
+    uid: 74-10-37-94