[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/mpu6050/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+i2c:
+  - id: i2c_mpu6050
+    scl: 5
+    sda: 4
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: mpu6050
+    address: 0x68
+    accel_x:
+      name: MPU6050 Accel X
+    accel_y:
+      name: MPU6050 Accel Y
+    accel_z:
+      name: MPU6050 Accel z
+    gyro_x:
+      name: MPU6050 Gyro X
+    gyro_y:
+      name: MPU6050 Gyro Y
+    gyro_z:
+      name: MPU6050 Gyro z
+    temperature:
+      name: MPU6050 Temperature