[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/microphone/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+i2s_audio:
+  i2s_lrclk_pin: 6
+  i2s_bclk_pin: 7
+  i2s_mclk_pin: 8
+
+microphone:
+  - platform: i2s_audio
+    id: mic_id_external
+    i2s_din_pin: 3
+    adc_type: external
+    pdm: false