[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/max7219/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+spi:
+  - id: spi_max7219
+    clk_pin: 6
+    mosi_pin: 7
+    miso_pin: 5
+
+display:
+  - platform: max7219
+    cs_pin: 8
+    num_chips: 1
+    lambda: |-
+      it.print("01234567");