[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/max6675/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+spi:
+  - id: spi_max6675
+    clk_pin: 6
+    mosi_pin: 7
+    miso_pin: 5
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: max6675
+    name: Temperature
+    cs_pin: 8
+    update_interval: 15s