[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/hbridge/test.rp2040-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+output:
+  - platform: rp2040_pwm
+    pin: 4
+    id: gpio_output1
+  - platform: rp2040_pwm
+    pin: 5
+    id: gpio_output2
+  - platform: rp2040_pwm
+    pin: 6
+    id: gpio_output3
+  - platform: rp2040_pwm
+    pin: 7
+    id: gpio_output4
+
+light:
+  - platform: hbridge
+    name: Icicle Lights
+    pin_a: gpio_output3
+    pin_b: gpio_output4
+
+fan:
+  - platform: hbridge
+    id: fan_hbridge
+    speed_count: 4
+    name: H-bridge Fan with Presets
+    pin_a: gpio_output1
+    pin_b: gpio_output2
+    preset_modes:
+      - Preset 1
+      - Preset 2
+    on_preset_set:
+      then:
+        - logger.log: Preset mode was changed!