[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/deep_sleep/test.esp32-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+esphome:
+  on_boot:
+    then:
+      - deep_sleep.prevent
+      - delay: 1s
+      - deep_sleep.allow
+
+deep_sleep:
+  run_duration:
+    default: 10s
+    gpio_wakeup_reason: 30s
+  sleep_duration: 50s
+  wakeup_pin: 4
+  wakeup_pin_mode: INVERT_WAKEUP