[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/bmp581/test.esp8266-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+i2c:
+  - id: i2c_bmp581
+    scl: 5
+    sda: 4
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: bmp581
+    temperature:
+      name: "BMP581 Temperature"
+      iir_filter: 2x
+    pressure:
+      name: "BMP581 Pressure"
+      oversampling: 128x