[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/bl0940/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+uart:
+  - id: uart_bl0939
+    tx_pin:
+      number: 4
+    rx_pin:
+      number: 5
+    baud_rate: 9600
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: bl0940
+    voltage:
+      name: BL0940 Voltage
+    current:
+      name: BL0940 Current
+    power:
+      name: BL0940 Power
+    energy:
+      name: BL0940 Energy
+    internal_temperature:
+      name: BL0940 Internal temperature
+    external_temperature:
+      name: BL0940 External temperature