[CI] Introduce testing for IDF 5 (and other arbitrary framework versions) (#6802)

* Initial changes to support testing of additional framework versions

* Rename Arduino test files

tests/components/bl0939/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+uart:
+  - id: uart_bl0939
+    tx_pin:
+      number: 4
+    rx_pin:
+      number: 5
+    baud_rate: 9600
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: bl0939
+    voltage:
+      name: BL0939 Voltage
+    current_1:
+      name: BL0939 Current 1
+    current_2:
+      name: BL0939 Current 2
+    active_power_1:
+      name: BL0939 Active Power 1
+    active_power_2:
+      name: BL0939 Active Power 2
+    energy_1:
+      name: BL0939 Energy 1
+    energy_2:
+      name: BL0939 Energy 2
+    energy_total:
+      name: BL0939 Total energy