diff --git a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-ard.yaml b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-ard.yaml
index 190b0f9c2d..bcba2061fa 100644
--- a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-ard.yaml
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 substitutions:
-  client_tx_pin: GPIO12
-  client_rx_pin: GPIO14
-  server_tx_pin: GPIO16
-  server_rx_pin: GPIO17
   flow_control_pin: GPIO13
 
 packages:
-  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp32-ard.yaml
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp32-ard.yaml
 
 <<: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml
index 64afc5637a..aef8727c4b 100644
--- a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-ard.yaml
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 substitutions:
-  client_tx_pin: GPIO4
-  client_rx_pin: GPIO5
-  server_tx_pin: GPIO6
-  server_rx_pin: GPIO7
   flow_control_pin: GPIO3
 
 packages:
-  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp32-c3-ard.yaml
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp32-c3-ard.yaml
 
 <<: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-idf.yaml b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-idf.yaml
index 2f801e25e5..4ebb4fe541 100644
--- a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-idf.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-c3-idf.yaml
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 substitutions:
-  client_tx_pin: GPIO4
-  client_rx_pin: GPIO5
-  server_tx_pin: GPIO6
-  server_rx_pin: GPIO7
   flow_control_pin: GPIO3
 
 packages:
-  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp32-c3-idf.yaml
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp32-c3-idf.yaml
 
 <<: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-idf.yaml b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-idf.yaml
index fb62cfe228..fb31792ee2 100644
--- a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-idf.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp32-idf.yaml
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 substitutions:
-  client_tx_pin: GPIO12
-  client_rx_pin: GPIO14
-  server_tx_pin: GPIO4
-  server_rx_pin: GPIO5
   flow_control_pin: GPIO13
 
 packages:
-  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp32-idf.yaml
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp32-idf.yaml
 
 <<: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp8266-ard.yaml b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
index 140e5a429f..36079f3c03 100644
--- a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 substitutions:
-  client_tx_pin: GPIO1
-  client_rx_pin: GPIO3
-  server_tx_pin: GPIO0
-  server_rx_pin: GPIO2
   flow_control_pin: GPIO15
 
 packages:
-  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/esp8266-ard.yaml
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/esp8266-ard.yaml
 
 <<: !include common.yaml
diff --git a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.rp2040-ard.yaml b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.rp2040-ard.yaml
index 128bb169f8..2a1c7c97af 100644
--- a/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.rp2040-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/modbus_controller/test.rp2040-ard.yaml
@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 substitutions:
-  client_tx_pin: GPIO2
-  client_rx_pin: GPIO3
-  server_tx_pin: GPIO4
-  server_rx_pin: GPIO5
   flow_control_pin: GPIO6
 
 packages:
-  i2c: !include ../../test_build_components/common/i2c/rp2040-ard.yaml
+  uart: !include ../../test_build_components/common/uart/rp2040-ard.yaml
 
 <<: !include common.yaml