ble pool

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
 #include "ble.h"
+#include "ble_event_pool.h"
+#include "queue_index.h"
 
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
@@ -23,8 +25,7 @@ namespace esp32_ble {
 
 static const char *const TAG = "esp32_ble";
 
-static RAMAllocator<BLEEvent> EVENT_ALLOCATOR(  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
+// No longer need static allocator - using pre-allocated pool instead
-    RAMAllocator<BLEEvent>::ALLOW_FAILURE | RAMAllocator<BLEEvent>::ALLOC_INTERNAL);
 
 void ESP32BLE::setup() {
   global_ble = this;
@@ -301,8 +302,16 @@ void ESP32BLE::loop() {
       break;
   }
 
-  BLEEvent *ble_event = this->ble_events_.pop();
+  size_t event_idx = this->ble_events_.pop();
-  while (ble_event != nullptr) {
+  while (event_idx != LockFreeIndexQueue<MAX_BLE_QUEUE_SIZE>::INVALID_INDEX) {
+    BLEEvent *ble_event = this->ble_event_pool_.get(event_idx);
+    if (ble_event == nullptr) {
+      // This should not happen - log error and continue
+      ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Invalid event index: %zu", event_idx);
+      event_idx = this->ble_events_.pop();
+      continue;
+    }
+
     switch (ble_event->type_) {
       case BLEEvent::GATTS: {
         esp_gatts_cb_event_t event = ble_event->event_.gatts.gatts_event;
@@ -349,10 +358,9 @@ void ESP32BLE::loop() {
       default:
         break;
     }
-    // Destructor will clean up external allocations for GATTC/GATTS
+    // Return the event to the pool
-    ble_event->~BLEEvent();
+    this->ble_event_pool_.deallocate(event_idx);
-    EVENT_ALLOCATOR.deallocate(ble_event, 1);
+    event_idx = this->ble_events_.pop();
-    ble_event = this->ble_events_.pop();
   }
   if (this->advertising_ != nullptr) {
     this->advertising_->loop();
@@ -363,6 +371,31 @@ void ESP32BLE::loop() {
   if (dropped > 0) {
     ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Dropped %zu BLE events due to buffer overflow", dropped);
   }
+
+  // Log pool usage periodically (every ~10 seconds)
+  static uint32_t last_pool_log = 0;
+  uint32_t now = millis();
+  if (now - last_pool_log > 10000) {
+    size_t created = this->ble_event_pool_.get_total_created();
+    if (created > 0) {
+      ESP_LOGD(TAG, "BLE event pool: %zu events created (peak usage), %zu currently allocated", created,
+               this->ble_event_pool_.get_allocated_count());
+    }
+    last_pool_log = now;
+  }
+}
+
+// Helper function to load new event data based on type
+void load_ble_event(BLEEvent *event, esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t e, esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *p) {
+  event->load_gap_event(e, p);
+}
+
+void load_ble_event(BLEEvent *event, esp_gattc_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *p) {
+  event->load_gattc_event(e, i, p);
+}
+
+void load_ble_event(BLEEvent *event, esp_gatts_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t *p) {
+  event->load_gatts_event(e, i, p);
 }
 
 template<typename... Args> void enqueue_ble_event(Args... args) {
@@ -373,23 +406,35 @@ template<typename... Args> void enqueue_ble_event(Args... args) {
     return;
   }
 
-  BLEEvent *new_event = EVENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(1);
+  // Allocate an event from the pool
-  if (new_event == nullptr) {
+  size_t event_idx = global_ble->ble_event_pool_.allocate();
-    // Memory too fragmented to allocate new event. Can only drop it until memory comes back
+  if (event_idx == BLEEventPool<MAX_BLE_QUEUE_SIZE>::INVALID_INDEX) {
+    // Pool is full, drop the event
     global_ble->ble_events_.increment_dropped_count();
     return;
   }
-  new (new_event) BLEEvent(args...);
 
-  // Push the event - since we're the only producer and we checked full() above,
+  // Get the event object
-  // this should always succeed unless we have a bug
+  BLEEvent *event = global_ble->ble_event_pool_.get(event_idx);
-  if (!global_ble->ble_events_.push(new_event)) {
+  if (event == nullptr) {
+    // This should not happen
+    ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Failed to get event from pool at index %zu", event_idx);
+    global_ble->ble_event_pool_.deallocate(event_idx);
+    global_ble->ble_events_.increment_dropped_count();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Load new event data (replaces previous event)
+  load_ble_event(event, args...);
+
+  // Push the event index to the queue
+  if (!global_ble->ble_events_.push(event_idx)) {
     // This should not happen in SPSC queue with single producer
     ESP_LOGE(TAG, "BLE queue push failed unexpectedly");
-    new_event->~BLEEvent();
+    // Return to pool
-    EVENT_ALLOCATOR.deallocate(new_event, 1);
+    global_ble->ble_event_pool_.deallocate(event_idx);
   }
-}  // NOLINT(clang-analyzer-unix.Malloc)
+}
 
 // Explicit template instantiations for the friend function
 template void enqueue_ble_event(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t, esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *);

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble.h

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
 #include "ble_event.h"
+#include "ble_event_pool.h"
 #include "queue.h"
+#include "queue_index.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
 
@@ -147,7 +149,8 @@ class ESP32BLE : public Component {
   std::vector<BLEStatusEventHandler *> ble_status_event_handlers_;
   BLEComponentState state_{BLE_COMPONENT_STATE_OFF};
 
-  LockFreeQueue<BLEEvent, MAX_BLE_QUEUE_SIZE> ble_events_;
+  LockFreeIndexQueue<MAX_BLE_QUEUE_SIZE> ble_events_;
+  BLEEventPool<MAX_BLE_QUEUE_SIZE> ble_event_pool_;
   BLEAdvertising *advertising_{};
   esp_ble_io_cap_t io_cap_{ESP_IO_CAP_NONE};
   uint32_t advertising_cycle_time_{};

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_event.h

@@ -63,123 +63,66 @@ class BLEEvent {
   // Constructor for GAP events - no external allocations needed
   BLEEvent(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t e, esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *p) {
     this->type_ = GAP;
-    this->event_.gap.gap_event = e;
+    this->init_gap_data(e, p);
-
-    if (p == nullptr) {
-      return;  // Invalid event, but we can't log in header file
-    }
-
-    // Only copy the data we actually use for each GAP event type
-    switch (e) {
-      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RESULT_EVT:
-        // Copy only the fields we use from scan results
-        memcpy(this->event_.gap.scan_result.bda, p->scan_rst.bda, sizeof(esp_bd_addr_t));
-        this->event_.gap.scan_result.ble_addr_type = p->scan_rst.ble_addr_type;
-        this->event_.gap.scan_result.rssi = p->scan_rst.rssi;
-        this->event_.gap.scan_result.adv_data_len = p->scan_rst.adv_data_len;
-        this->event_.gap.scan_result.scan_rsp_len = p->scan_rst.scan_rsp_len;
-        this->event_.gap.scan_result.search_evt = p->scan_rst.search_evt;
-        memcpy(this->event_.gap.scan_result.ble_adv, p->scan_rst.ble_adv,
-               ESP_BLE_ADV_DATA_LEN_MAX + ESP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_LEN_MAX);
-        break;
-
-      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
-        this->event_.gap.scan_complete.status = p->scan_param_cmpl.status;
-        break;
-
-      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
-        this->event_.gap.scan_complete.status = p->scan_start_cmpl.status;
-        break;
-
-      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
-        this->event_.gap.scan_complete.status = p->scan_stop_cmpl.status;
-        break;
-
-      default:
-        // We only handle 4 GAP event types, others are dropped
-        break;
-    }
   }
 
   // Constructor for GATTC events - uses heap allocation
   // Creates a copy of the param struct since the original is only valid during the callback
   BLEEvent(esp_gattc_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *p) {
     this->type_ = GATTC;
-    this->event_.gattc.gattc_event = e;
+    this->init_gattc_data(e, i, p);
-    this->event_.gattc.gattc_if = i;
-
-    if (p == nullptr) {
-      this->event_.gattc.gattc_param = nullptr;
-      this->event_.gattc.data = nullptr;
-      return;  // Invalid event, but we can't log in header file
-    }
-
-    // Heap-allocate param and data
-    // Heap allocation is used because GATTC/GATTS events are rare (<1% of events)
-    // while GAP events (99%) are stored inline to minimize memory usage
-    this->event_.gattc.gattc_param = new esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t(*p);
-
-    // Copy data for events that need it
-    switch (e) {
-      case ESP_GATTC_NOTIFY_EVT:
-        this->event_.gattc.data = new std::vector<uint8_t>(p->notify.value, p->notify.value + p->notify.value_len);
-        this->event_.gattc.gattc_param->notify.value = this->event_.gattc.data->data();
-        break;
-      case ESP_GATTC_READ_CHAR_EVT:
-      case ESP_GATTC_READ_DESCR_EVT:
-        this->event_.gattc.data = new std::vector<uint8_t>(p->read.value, p->read.value + p->read.value_len);
-        this->event_.gattc.gattc_param->read.value = this->event_.gattc.data->data();
-        break;
-      default:
-        this->event_.gattc.data = nullptr;
-        break;
-    }
   }
 
   // Constructor for GATTS events - uses heap allocation
   // Creates a copy of the param struct since the original is only valid during the callback
   BLEEvent(esp_gatts_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t *p) {
     this->type_ = GATTS;
-    this->event_.gatts.gatts_event = e;
+    this->init_gatts_data(e, i, p);
-    this->event_.gatts.gatts_if = i;
-
-    if (p == nullptr) {
-      this->event_.gatts.gatts_param = nullptr;
-      this->event_.gatts.data = nullptr;
-      return;  // Invalid event, but we can't log in header file
-    }
-
-    // Heap-allocate param and data
-    // Heap allocation is used because GATTC/GATTS events are rare (<1% of events)
-    // while GAP events (99%) are stored inline to minimize memory usage
-    this->event_.gatts.gatts_param = new esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t(*p);
-
-    // Copy data for events that need it
-    switch (e) {
-      case ESP_GATTS_WRITE_EVT:
-        this->event_.gatts.data = new std::vector<uint8_t>(p->write.value, p->write.value + p->write.len);
-        this->event_.gatts.gatts_param->write.value = this->event_.gatts.data->data();
-        break;
-      default:
-        this->event_.gatts.data = nullptr;
-        break;
-    }
   }
 
   // Destructor to clean up heap allocations
-  ~BLEEvent() {
+  ~BLEEvent() { this->cleanup_heap_data(); }
-    switch (this->type_) {
+
-      case GATTC:
+  // Default constructor for pre-allocation in pool
-        delete this->event_.gattc.gattc_param;
+  BLEEvent() : type_(GAP) {}
-        delete this->event_.gattc.data;
+
-        break;
+  // Clean up any heap-allocated data
-      case GATTS:
+  void cleanup_heap_data() {
-        delete this->event_.gatts.gatts_param;
+    if (this->type_ == GAP) {
-        delete this->event_.gatts.data;
+      return;
-        break;
-      default:
-        break;
     }
+    if (this->type_ == GATTC) {
+      delete this->event_.gattc.gattc_param;
+      delete this->event_.gattc.data;
+      this->event_.gattc.gattc_param = nullptr;
+      this->event_.gattc.data = nullptr;
+      return;
+    }
+    if (this->type_ == GATTS) {
+      delete this->event_.gatts.gatts_param;
+      delete this->event_.gatts.data;
+      this->event_.gatts.gatts_param = nullptr;
+      this->event_.gatts.data = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Load new event data for reuse (replaces previous event data)
+  void load_gap_event(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t e, esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *p) {
+    this->cleanup_heap_data();
+    this->type_ = GAP;
+    this->init_gap_data(e, p);
+  }
+
+  void load_gattc_event(esp_gattc_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *p) {
+    this->cleanup_heap_data();
+    this->type_ = GATTC;
+    this->init_gattc_data(e, i, p);
+  }
+
+  void load_gatts_event(esp_gatts_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t *p) {
+    this->cleanup_heap_data();
+    this->type_ = GATTS;
+    this->init_gatts_data(e, i, p);
   }
 
   // Disable copy to prevent double-delete
@@ -224,6 +167,102 @@ class BLEEvent {
   esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t gap_event_type() const { return event_.gap.gap_event; }
   const BLEScanResult &scan_result() const { return event_.gap.scan_result; }
   esp_bt_status_t scan_complete_status() const { return event_.gap.scan_complete.status; }
+
+ private:
+  // Initialize GAP event data
+  void init_gap_data(esp_gap_ble_cb_event_t e, esp_ble_gap_cb_param_t *p) {
+    this->event_.gap.gap_event = e;
+
+    if (p == nullptr) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Copy data based on event type
+    switch (e) {
+      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_RESULT_EVT:
+        memcpy(this->event_.gap.scan_result.bda, p->scan_rst.bda, sizeof(esp_bd_addr_t));
+        this->event_.gap.scan_result.ble_addr_type = p->scan_rst.ble_addr_type;
+        this->event_.gap.scan_result.rssi = p->scan_rst.rssi;
+        this->event_.gap.scan_result.adv_data_len = p->scan_rst.adv_data_len;
+        this->event_.gap.scan_result.scan_rsp_len = p->scan_rst.scan_rsp_len;
+        this->event_.gap.scan_result.search_evt = p->scan_rst.search_evt;
+        memcpy(this->event_.gap.scan_result.ble_adv, p->scan_rst.ble_adv,
+               ESP_BLE_ADV_DATA_LEN_MAX + ESP_BLE_SCAN_RSP_DATA_LEN_MAX);
+        break;
+
+      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_PARAM_SET_COMPLETE_EVT:
+        this->event_.gap.scan_complete.status = p->scan_param_cmpl.status;
+        break;
+
+      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_START_COMPLETE_EVT:
+        this->event_.gap.scan_complete.status = p->scan_start_cmpl.status;
+        break;
+
+      case ESP_GAP_BLE_SCAN_STOP_COMPLETE_EVT:
+        this->event_.gap.scan_complete.status = p->scan_stop_cmpl.status;
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Initialize GATTC event data
+  void init_gattc_data(esp_gattc_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t *p) {
+    this->event_.gattc.gattc_event = e;
+    this->event_.gattc.gattc_if = i;
+
+    if (p == nullptr) {
+      this->event_.gattc.gattc_param = nullptr;
+      this->event_.gattc.data = nullptr;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Heap-allocate param
+    this->event_.gattc.gattc_param = new esp_ble_gattc_cb_param_t(*p);
+
+    // Copy data for events that need it
+    switch (e) {
+      case ESP_GATTC_NOTIFY_EVT:
+        this->event_.gattc.data = new std::vector<uint8_t>(p->notify.value, p->notify.value + p->notify.value_len);
+        this->event_.gattc.gattc_param->notify.value = this->event_.gattc.data->data();
+        break;
+      case ESP_GATTC_READ_CHAR_EVT:
+      case ESP_GATTC_READ_DESCR_EVT:
+        this->event_.gattc.data = new std::vector<uint8_t>(p->read.value, p->read.value + p->read.value_len);
+        this->event_.gattc.gattc_param->read.value = this->event_.gattc.data->data();
+        break;
+      default:
+        this->event_.gattc.data = nullptr;
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Initialize GATTS event data
+  void init_gatts_data(esp_gatts_cb_event_t e, esp_gatt_if_t i, esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t *p) {
+    this->event_.gatts.gatts_event = e;
+    this->event_.gatts.gatts_if = i;
+
+    if (p == nullptr) {
+      this->event_.gatts.gatts_param = nullptr;
+      this->event_.gatts.data = nullptr;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Heap-allocate param
+    this->event_.gatts.gatts_param = new esp_ble_gatts_cb_param_t(*p);
+
+    // Copy data for events that need it
+    switch (e) {
+      case ESP_GATTS_WRITE_EVT:
+        this->event_.gatts.data = new std::vector<uint8_t>(p->write.value, p->write.value + p->write.len);
+        this->event_.gatts.gatts_param->write.value = this->event_.gatts.data->data();
+        break;
+      default:
+        this->event_.gatts.data = nullptr;
+        break;
+    }
+  }
 };
 
 // BLEEvent total size: 84 bytes (80 byte union + 1 byte type + 3 bytes padding)

esphome/components/esp32_ble/ble_event_pool.h

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include "ble_event.h"
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace esp32_ble {
+
+// BLE Event Pool - Pre-allocated pool of BLEEvent objects to avoid heap fragmentation
+// This is a lock-free pool that allows the BLE task to allocate events without malloc
+template<size_t SIZE> class BLEEventPool {
+ public:
+  BLEEventPool() {
+    // Initialize all slots as unallocated
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+      this->events_[i] = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Initialize the free list - all indices are initially free
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < SIZE - 1; i++) {
+      this->next_free_[i] = i + 1;
+    }
+    this->next_free_[SIZE - 1] = INVALID_INDEX;
+
+    this->free_head_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->allocated_count_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    this->total_created_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  }
+
+  ~BLEEventPool() {
+    // Delete any events that were created
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+      if (this->events_[i] != nullptr) {
+        delete this->events_[i];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Allocate an event slot and return its index
+  // Returns INVALID_INDEX if pool is full
+  size_t allocate() {
+    while (true) {
+      size_t head = this->free_head_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+
+      if (head == INVALID_INDEX) {
+        // Pool is full
+        return INVALID_INDEX;
+      }
+
+      size_t next = this->next_free_[head];
+
+      // Try to update the free list head
+      if (this->free_head_.compare_exchange_weak(head, next, std::memory_order_release, std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+        this->allocated_count_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        return head;
+      }
+      // CAS failed, retry
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Deallocate an event slot by index
+  void deallocate(size_t index) {
+    if (index >= SIZE) {
+      return;  // Invalid index
+    }
+
+    // No destructor call - events are reused
+    // The event's reset methods handle cleanup when switching types
+
+    while (true) {
+      size_t head = this->free_head_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+      this->next_free_[index] = head;
+
+      // Try to add this index back to the free list
+      if (this->free_head_.compare_exchange_weak(head, index, std::memory_order_release, std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+        this->allocated_count_.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+        return;
+      }
+      // CAS failed, retry
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Get event by index, creating it if needed
+  BLEEvent *get(size_t index) {
+    if (index >= SIZE) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Create event on first access (warm-up)
+    if (this->events_[index] == nullptr) {
+      // Use internal RAM for better performance
+      RAMAllocator<BLEEvent> allocator(RAMAllocator<BLEEvent>::ALLOC_INTERNAL);
+      BLEEvent *event = allocator.allocate(1);
+
+      if (event == nullptr) {
+        // Fall back to regular allocation
+        event = new BLEEvent();
+      } else {
+        // Placement new to construct the object
+        new (event) BLEEvent();
+      }
+
+      this->events_[index] = event;
+      this->total_created_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    }
+
+    return this->events_[index];
+  }
+
+  // Get number of allocated events
+  size_t get_allocated_count() const { return this->allocated_count_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+
+  // Get total number of events created (high water mark)
+  size_t get_total_created() const { return this->total_created_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+
+  static constexpr size_t INVALID_INDEX = SIZE_MAX;
+
+ private:
+  BLEEvent *events_[SIZE];               // Array of pointers, allocated on demand
+  size_t next_free_[SIZE];               // Next free index for each slot
+  std::atomic<size_t> free_head_;        // Head of the free list
+  std::atomic<size_t> allocated_count_;  // Number of currently allocated events
+  std::atomic<size_t> total_created_;    // Total events created (high water mark)
+};
+
+}  // namespace esp32_ble
+}  // namespace esphome
+
+#endif

esphome/components/esp32_ble/queue_index.h

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef USE_ESP32
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace esp32_ble {
+
+// Lock-free SPSC queue that stores indices instead of pointers
+// This allows us to use a pre-allocated pool of objects
+template<size_t SIZE> class LockFreeIndexQueue {
+ public:
+  static constexpr size_t INVALID_INDEX = SIZE_MAX;
+
+  LockFreeIndexQueue() : head_(0), tail_(0), dropped_count_(0) {
+    // Initialize all slots to invalid
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+      buffer_[i] = INVALID_INDEX;
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool push(size_t index) {
+    if (index == INVALID_INDEX)
+      return false;
+
+    size_t current_tail = tail_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    size_t next_tail = (current_tail + 1) % SIZE;
+
+    if (next_tail == head_.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+      // Buffer full
+      dropped_count_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    buffer_[current_tail] = index;
+    tail_.store(next_tail, std::memory_order_release);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  size_t pop() {
+    size_t current_head = head_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+    if (current_head == tail_.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+      return INVALID_INDEX;  // Empty
+    }
+
+    size_t index = buffer_[current_head];
+    head_.store((current_head + 1) % SIZE, std::memory_order_release);
+    return index;
+  }
+
+  size_t size() const {
+    size_t tail = tail_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    size_t head = head_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    return (tail - head + SIZE) % SIZE;
+  }
+
+  size_t get_and_reset_dropped_count() { return dropped_count_.exchange(0, std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+
+  void increment_dropped_count() { dropped_count_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed); }
+
+  bool empty() const { return head_.load(std::memory_order_acquire) == tail_.load(std::memory_order_acquire); }
+
+  bool full() const {
+    size_t next_tail = (tail_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) + 1) % SIZE;
+    return next_tail == head_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  size_t buffer_[SIZE];
+  std::atomic<size_t> head_;
+  std::atomic<size_t> tail_;
+  std::atomic<size_t> dropped_count_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace esp32_ble
+}  // namespace esphome
+
+#endif