fix race

esphome/core/scheduler.cpp

@@ -58,6 +58,31 @@ static void validate_static_string(const char *name) {
 // iterating over them from the loop task is fine; but iterating from any other context requires the lock to be held to
 // avoid the main thread modifying the list while it is being accessed.
 
+// Helper to cancel items by name - must be called with lock held
+bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_locked_(Component *component, const char *name, SchedulerItem::Type type) {
+  bool ret = false;
+
+  for (auto &it : this->items_) {
+    const char *item_name = it->get_name();
+    if (it->component == component && item_name != nullptr && strcmp(name, item_name) == 0 && it->type == type &&
+        !it->remove) {
+      this->to_remove_++;
+      it->remove = true;
+      ret = true;
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto &it : this->to_add_) {
+    const char *item_name = it->get_name();
+    if (it->component == component && item_name != nullptr && strcmp(name, item_name) == 0 && it->type == type &&
+        !it->remove) {
+      it->remove = true;
+      ret = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
 // Common implementation for both timeout and interval
 void HOT Scheduler::set_timer_common_(Component *component, SchedulerItem::Type type, bool is_static_string,
                                       const void *name_ptr, uint32_t delay, std::function<void()> func) {
@@ -66,7 +91,7 @@ void HOT Scheduler::set_timer_common_(Component *component, SchedulerItem::Type
       is_static_string ? static_cast<const char *>(name_ptr) : static_cast<const std::string *>(name_ptr)->c_str();
 
   if (delay == SCHEDULER_DONT_RUN) {
-    // Cancel existing timer if name is not empty
+    // Still need to cancel existing timer if name is not empty
     if (name_cstr != nullptr && name_cstr[0] != '\0') {
       this->cancel_item_(component, name_cstr, type);
     }
@@ -111,7 +136,16 @@ void HOT Scheduler::set_timer_common_(Component *component, SchedulerItem::Type
   }
 #endif
 
-  this->push_(std::move(item));
+  {
+    LockGuard guard{this->lock_};
+    // If name is provided, do atomic cancel-and-add
+    if (name_cstr != nullptr && name_cstr[0] != '\0') {
+      // Cancel existing items
+      this->cancel_item_locked_(component, name_cstr, type);
+    }
+    // Add new item directly to to_add_ (not using push_ to avoid double-locking)
+    this->to_add_.push_back(std::move(item));
+  }
 }
 
 void HOT Scheduler::set_timeout(Component *component, const char *name, uint32_t timeout, std::function<void()> func) {
@@ -242,10 +276,10 @@ void HOT Scheduler::call() {
   }
 #endif  // ESPHOME_DEBUG_SCHEDULER
 
-  auto to_remove_was = to_remove_;
+  auto to_remove_was = this->to_remove_;
   auto items_was = this->items_.size();
   // If we have too many items to remove
-  if (to_remove_ > MAX_LOGICALLY_DELETED_ITEMS) {
+  if (this->to_remove_ > MAX_LOGICALLY_DELETED_ITEMS) {
     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem>> valid_items;
     while (!this->empty_()) {
       LockGuard guard{this->lock_};
@@ -260,10 +294,10 @@ void HOT Scheduler::call() {
     }
 
     // The following should not happen unless I'm missing something
-    if (to_remove_ != 0) {
+    if (this->to_remove_ != 0) {
       ESP_LOGW(TAG, "to_remove_ was %" PRIu32 " now: %" PRIu32 " items where %zu now %zu. Please report this",
                to_remove_was, to_remove_, items_was, items_.size());
-      to_remove_ = 0;
+      this->to_remove_ = 0;
     }
   }
 
@@ -304,26 +338,23 @@ void HOT Scheduler::call() {
     }
 
     {
-      this->lock_.lock();
+      LockGuard guard{this->lock_};
 
       // new scope, item from before might have been moved in the vector
       auto item = std::move(this->items_[0]);
-
       // Only pop after function call, this ensures we were reachable
       // during the function call and know if we were cancelled.
       this->pop_raw_();
 
-      this->lock_.unlock();
-
       if (item->remove) {
         // We were removed/cancelled in the function call, stop
-        to_remove_--;
+        this->to_remove_--;
         continue;
       }
 
       if (item->type == SchedulerItem::INTERVAL) {
         item->next_execution_ = now + item->interval;
-        this->push_(std::move(item));
+        this->to_add_.push_back(std::move(item));
       }
     }
   }
@@ -348,7 +379,7 @@ void HOT Scheduler::cleanup_() {
     if (!item->remove)
       return;
 
-    to_remove_--;
+    this->to_remove_--;
 
     {
       LockGuard guard{this->lock_};
@@ -360,10 +391,6 @@ void HOT Scheduler::pop_raw_() {
   std::pop_heap(this->items_.begin(), this->items_.end(), SchedulerItem::cmp);
   this->items_.pop_back();
 }
-void HOT Scheduler::push_(std::unique_ptr<Scheduler::SchedulerItem> item) {
-  LockGuard guard{this->lock_};
-  this->to_add_.push_back(std::move(item));
-}
 // Common implementation for cancel operations
 bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_common_(Component *component, bool is_static_string, const void *name_ptr,
                                         SchedulerItem::Type type) {
@@ -377,26 +404,7 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_common_(Component *component, bool is_static_str
 
   // obtain lock because this function iterates and can be called from non-loop task context
   LockGuard guard{this->lock_};
-  bool ret = false;
-
-  for (auto &it : this->items_) {
-    const char *item_name = it->get_name();
-    if (it->component == component && item_name != nullptr && strcmp(name_cstr, item_name) == 0 && it->type == type &&
-        !it->remove) {
-      to_remove_++;
-      it->remove = true;
-      ret = true;
-    }
-  }
-  for (auto &it : this->to_add_) {
-    const char *item_name = it->get_name();
-    if (it->component == component && item_name != nullptr && strcmp(name_cstr, item_name) == 0 && it->type == type) {
-      it->remove = true;
-      ret = true;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return ret;
+  return this->cancel_item_locked_(component, name_cstr, type);
 }
 
 bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_(Component *component, const std::string &name, Scheduler::SchedulerItem::Type type) {