diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/test_main.py b/tests/unit_tests/test_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c7236c7f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/test_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+"""Unit tests for esphome.__main__ module."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Generator
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from esphome.__main__ import choose_upload_log_host
+from esphome.const import CONF_BROKER, CONF_MQTT, CONF_USE_ADDRESS, CONF_WIFI
+from esphome.core import CORE
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MockSerialPort:
+    """Mock serial port for testing.
+
+    Attributes:
+        path (str): The device path of the mock serial port (e.g., '/dev/ttyUSB0').
+        description (str): A human-readable description of the mock serial port.
+    """
+
+    path: str
+    description: str
+
+
+def setup_core(
+    config: dict[str, Any] | None = None, address: str | None = None
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Helper to set up CORE configuration with optional address.
+
+    Args:
+        config (dict[str, Any] | None): The configuration dictionary to set for CORE. If None, an empty dict is used.
+        address (str | None): Optional network address to set in the configuration. If provided, it is set under the wifi config.
+    """
+    if config is None:
+        config = {}
+
+    if address is not None:
+        # Set address via wifi config (could also use ethernet)
+        config[CONF_WIFI] = {CONF_USE_ADDRESS: address}
+
+    CORE.config = config
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_no_serial_ports() -> Generator[Mock]:
+    """Mock get_serial_ports to return no ports."""
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.get_serial_ports", return_value=[]) as mock:
+        yield mock
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_serial_ports() -> Generator[Mock]:
+    """Mock get_serial_ports to return test ports."""
+    mock_ports = [
+        MockSerialPort("/dev/ttyUSB0", "USB Serial"),
+        MockSerialPort("/dev/ttyUSB1", "Another USB Serial"),
+    ]
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.get_serial_ports", return_value=mock_ports) as mock:
+        yield mock
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_choose_prompt() -> Generator[Mock]:
+    """Mock choose_prompt to return default selection."""
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.choose_prompt", return_value="/dev/ttyUSB0") as mock:
+        yield mock
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_no_mqtt_logging() -> Generator[Mock]:
+    """Mock has_mqtt_logging to return False."""
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.has_mqtt_logging", return_value=False) as mock:
+        yield mock
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_has_mqtt_logging() -> Generator[Mock]:
+    """Mock has_mqtt_logging to return True."""
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.has_mqtt_logging", return_value=True) as mock:
+        yield mock
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_string_default() -> None:
+    """Test with a single string default device."""
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="192.168.1.100",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_list_default() -> None:
+    """Test with a list of default devices."""
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["192.168.1.100", "192.168.1.101"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100", "192.168.1.101"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_multiple_ip_addresses() -> None:
+    """Test with multiple IP addresses as defaults."""
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["1.2.3.4", "4.5.5.6"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["1.2.3.4", "4.5.5.6"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_mixed_hostnames_and_ips() -> None:
+    """Test with a mix of hostnames and IP addresses."""
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["host.one", "host.one.local", "1.2.3.4"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["host.one", "host.one.local", "1.2.3.4"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_ota_list() -> None:
+    """Test with OTA as the only item in the list."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["OTA"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=True,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_has_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_ota_list_mqtt_fallback() -> None:
+    """Test with OTA list falling back to MQTT when no address."""
+    setup_core()
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["OTA"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=True,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["MQTT"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_serial_device_no_ports(
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    """Test SERIAL device when no serial ports are found."""
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="SERIAL",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == []
+    assert "No serial ports found, skipping SERIAL device" in caplog.text
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_serial_device_with_ports(
+    mock_choose_prompt: Mock,
+) -> None:
+    """Test SERIAL device when serial ports are available."""
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="SERIAL",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+        purpose="testing",
+    )
+    assert result == ["/dev/ttyUSB0"]
+    mock_choose_prompt.assert_called_once_with(
+        [
+            ("/dev/ttyUSB0 (USB Serial)", "/dev/ttyUSB0"),
+            ("/dev/ttyUSB1 (Another USB Serial)", "/dev/ttyUSB1"),
+        ],
+        purpose="testing",
+    )
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_ota_device_with_ota_config() -> None:
+    """Test OTA device when OTA is configured."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="OTA",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=True,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_ota_device_with_api_config() -> None:
+    """Test OTA device when API is configured."""
+    setup_core(config={"api": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="OTA",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=True,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_has_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_ota_device_fallback_to_mqtt() -> None:
+    """Test OTA device fallback to MQTT when no OTA/API config."""
+    setup_core()
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="OTA",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=True,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["MQTT"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_with_ota_device_no_fallback() -> None:
+    """Test OTA device with no valid fallback options."""
+    setup_core()
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="OTA",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=True,
+        show_mqtt=True,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_choose_prompt")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_multiple_devices() -> None:
+    """Test with multiple devices including special identifiers."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    mock_ports = [MockSerialPort("/dev/ttyUSB0", "USB Serial")]
+
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.get_serial_ports", return_value=mock_ports):
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=["192.168.1.50", "OTA", "SERIAL"],
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=True,
+            show_mqtt=False,
+            show_api=False,
+        )
+        assert result == ["192.168.1.50", "192.168.1.100", "/dev/ttyUSB0"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_no_defaults_with_serial_ports(
+    mock_choose_prompt: Mock,
+) -> None:
+    """Test interactive mode with serial ports available."""
+    mock_ports = [
+        MockSerialPort("/dev/ttyUSB0", "USB Serial"),
+    ]
+
+    setup_core()
+
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.get_serial_ports", return_value=mock_ports):
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=None,
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=False,
+            show_mqtt=False,
+            show_api=False,
+            purpose="uploading",
+        )
+        assert result == ["/dev/ttyUSB0"]
+        mock_choose_prompt.assert_called_once_with(
+            [("/dev/ttyUSB0 (USB Serial)", "/dev/ttyUSB0")],
+            purpose="uploading",
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_no_defaults_with_ota() -> None:
+    """Test interactive mode with OTA option."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    with patch(
+        "esphome.__main__.choose_prompt", return_value="192.168.1.100"
+    ) as mock_prompt:
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=None,
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=True,
+            show_mqtt=False,
+            show_api=False,
+        )
+        assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+        mock_prompt.assert_called_once_with(
+            [("Over The Air (192.168.1.100)", "192.168.1.100")],
+            purpose=None,
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_no_defaults_with_api() -> None:
+    """Test interactive mode with API option."""
+    setup_core(config={"api": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    with patch(
+        "esphome.__main__.choose_prompt", return_value="192.168.1.100"
+    ) as mock_prompt:
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=None,
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=False,
+            show_mqtt=False,
+            show_api=True,
+        )
+        assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+        mock_prompt.assert_called_once_with(
+            [("Over The Air (192.168.1.100)", "192.168.1.100")],
+            purpose=None,
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports", "mock_has_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_no_defaults_with_mqtt() -> None:
+    """Test interactive mode with MQTT option."""
+    setup_core(config={CONF_MQTT: {CONF_BROKER: "mqtt.local"}})
+
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.choose_prompt", return_value="MQTT") as mock_prompt:
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=None,
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=False,
+            show_mqtt=True,
+            show_api=False,
+        )
+        assert result == ["MQTT"]
+        mock_prompt.assert_called_once_with(
+            [("MQTT (mqtt.local)", "MQTT")],
+            purpose=None,
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_has_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_no_defaults_with_all_options(
+    mock_choose_prompt: Mock,
+) -> None:
+    """Test interactive mode with all options available."""
+    setup_core(
+        config={"ota": {}, "api": {}, CONF_MQTT: {CONF_BROKER: "mqtt.local"}},
+        address="192.168.1.100",
+    )
+
+    mock_ports = [MockSerialPort("/dev/ttyUSB0", "USB Serial")]
+
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.get_serial_ports", return_value=mock_ports):
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=None,
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=True,
+            show_mqtt=True,
+            show_api=True,
+            purpose="testing",
+        )
+        assert result == ["/dev/ttyUSB0"]
+
+        expected_options = [
+            ("/dev/ttyUSB0 (USB Serial)", "/dev/ttyUSB0"),
+            ("Over The Air (192.168.1.100)", "192.168.1.100"),
+            ("MQTT (mqtt.local)", "MQTT"),
+        ]
+        mock_choose_prompt.assert_called_once_with(expected_options, purpose="testing")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_check_default_matches() -> None:
+    """Test when check_default matches an available option."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=None,
+        check_default="192.168.1.100",
+        show_ota=True,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_check_default_no_match() -> None:
+    """Test when check_default doesn't match any available option."""
+    setup_core()
+
+    with patch(
+        "esphome.__main__.choose_prompt", return_value="fallback"
+    ) as mock_prompt:
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=None,
+            check_default="192.168.1.100",
+            show_ota=False,
+            show_mqtt=False,
+            show_api=False,
+        )
+        assert result == ["fallback"]
+        mock_prompt.assert_called_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_empty_defaults_list() -> None:
+    """Test with an empty list as default."""
+    with patch("esphome.__main__.choose_prompt", return_value="chosen") as mock_prompt:
+        result = choose_upload_log_host(
+            default=[],
+            check_default=None,
+            show_ota=False,
+            show_mqtt=False,
+            show_api=False,
+        )
+        assert result == ["chosen"]
+        mock_prompt.assert_called_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports", "mock_no_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_all_devices_unresolved(
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+) -> None:
+    """Test when all specified devices cannot be resolved."""
+    setup_core()
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["SERIAL", "OTA"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == []
+    assert (
+        "All specified devices: ['SERIAL', 'OTA'] could not be resolved." in caplog.text
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_serial_ports", "mock_no_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_mixed_resolved_unresolved() -> None:
+    """Test with a mix of resolved and unresolved devices."""
+    setup_core()
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default=["192.168.1.50", "SERIAL", "OTA"],
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=False,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.50"]
+
+
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_ota_both_conditions() -> None:
+    """Test OTA device when both OTA and API are configured and enabled."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}, "api": {}}, address="192.168.1.100")
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="OTA",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=True,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=True,
+    )
+    assert result == ["192.168.1.100"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_no_mqtt_logging")
+def test_choose_upload_log_host_no_address_with_ota_config() -> None:
+    """Test OTA device when OTA is configured but no address is set."""
+    setup_core(config={"ota": {}})
+
+    result = choose_upload_log_host(
+        default="OTA",
+        check_default=None,
+        show_ota=True,
+        show_mqtt=False,
+        show_api=False,
+    )
+    assert result == []