Add ability to clear the gatt cache (#4621)

* Add ability to clear the gatt cache

With BlueZ we can fully clear the cache when something goes wrong with the services, however since this is also a cache on the ESP32 we need to be able to clear the on device cache as well for the proxies since if something goes wrong with the service resolution it can cache the bad resolution on NVS forever.

Our current client implementation is limited to clearing the memory cache in Home Assistant 89355e0879/homeassistant/components/esphome/bluetooth/client.py (L512)

related issue https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/4156

https://github.com/esphome/aioesphomeapi/pull/410

* naming

* lint

* lint

* naming

* naming

* naming

* 88 now that 87 is taken

* make const

* Update esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper.cpp

esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h

@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ enum BluetoothDeviceRequestType : uint32_t {
   BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_REQUEST_TYPE_UNPAIR = 3,
   BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_REQUEST_TYPE_CONNECT_V3_WITH_CACHE = 4,
   BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_REQUEST_TYPE_CONNECT_V3_WITHOUT_CACHE = 5,
+  BLUETOOTH_DEVICE_REQUEST_TYPE_CLEAR_CACHE = 6,
 };
 
 }  // namespace enums
@@ -1554,6 +1555,19 @@ class BluetoothDeviceUnpairingResponse : public ProtoMessage {
  protected:
   bool decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) override;
 };
+class BluetoothDeviceClearCacheResponse : public ProtoMessage {
+ public:
+  uint64_t address{0};
+  bool success{false};
+  int32_t error{0};
+  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
+#ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
+  void dump_to(std::string &out) const override;
+#endif
+
+ protected:
+  bool decode_varint(uint32_t field_id, ProtoVarInt value) override;
+};
 
 }  // namespace api
 }  // namespace esphome