diff --git a/esphome/components/debug/debug_component.h b/esphome/components/debug/debug_component.h
index 5783bc5418..6cf52d890c 100644
--- a/esphome/components/debug/debug_component.h
+++ b/esphome/components/debug/debug_component.h
@@ -74,8 +74,11 @@ class DebugComponent : public PollingComponent {
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
   void set_free_sensor(sensor::Sensor *free_sensor) { free_sensor_ = free_sensor; }
   void set_block_sensor(sensor::Sensor *block_sensor) { block_sensor_ = block_sensor; }
-#if defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)
+#if (defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)) || defined(USE_ESP32)
   void set_fragmentation_sensor(sensor::Sensor *fragmentation_sensor) { fragmentation_sensor_ = fragmentation_sensor; }
+#endif
+#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+  void set_min_free_sensor(sensor::Sensor *min_free_sensor) { min_free_sensor_ = min_free_sensor; }
 #endif
   void set_loop_time_sensor(sensor::Sensor *loop_time_sensor) { loop_time_sensor_ = loop_time_sensor; }
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
@@ -97,8 +100,11 @@ class DebugComponent : public PollingComponent {
 
   sensor::Sensor *free_sensor_{nullptr};
   sensor::Sensor *block_sensor_{nullptr};
-#if defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)
+#if (defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE >= VERSION_CODE(2, 5, 2)) || defined(USE_ESP32)
   sensor::Sensor *fragmentation_sensor_{nullptr};
+#endif
+#if defined(USE_ESP32) || defined(USE_LIBRETINY)
+  sensor::Sensor *min_free_sensor_{nullptr};
 #endif
   sensor::Sensor *loop_time_sensor_{nullptr};
 #ifdef USE_ESP32
diff --git a/esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp b/esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp
index ebb6abf4da..8c41011f7d 100644
--- a/esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/debug/debug_esp32.cpp
@@ -234,8 +234,19 @@ size_t DebugComponent::get_device_info_(std::span<char, DEVICE_INFO_BUFFER_SIZE>
 
 void DebugComponent::update_platform_() {
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
+  uint32_t max_alloc = heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL);
   if (this->block_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    this->block_sensor_->publish_state(heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+    this->block_sensor_->publish_state(max_alloc);
+  }
+  if (this->min_free_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->min_free_sensor_->publish_state(heap_caps_get_minimum_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+  }
+  if (this->fragmentation_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    uint32_t free_heap = heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL);
+    if (free_heap > 0) {
+      float fragmentation = 100.0f - (100.0f * max_alloc / free_heap);
+      this->fragmentation_sensor_->publish_state(fragmentation);
+    }
   }
   if (this->psram_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     this->psram_sensor_->publish_state(heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM));
diff --git a/esphome/components/debug/debug_libretiny.cpp b/esphome/components/debug/debug_libretiny.cpp
index 4f07a4cc17..aae27c8ca2 100644
--- a/esphome/components/debug/debug_libretiny.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/debug/debug_libretiny.cpp
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ void DebugComponent::update_platform_() {
   if (this->block_sensor_ != nullptr) {
     this->block_sensor_->publish_state(lt_heap_get_max_alloc());
   }
+  if (this->min_free_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->min_free_sensor_->publish_state(lt_heap_get_min_free());
+  }
 #endif
 }
 
diff --git a/esphome/components/debug/sensor.py b/esphome/components/debug/sensor.py
index 6a8e2cd828..0a716d666e 100644
--- a/esphome/components/debug/sensor.py
+++ b/esphome/components/debug/sensor.py
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ from esphome.const import (
     ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
     ICON_COUNTER,
     ICON_TIMER,
+    PLATFORM_BK72XX,
+    PLATFORM_LN882X,
+    PLATFORM_RTL87XX,
     UNIT_BYTES,
     UNIT_HERTZ,
     UNIT_MILLISECOND,
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ from . import (  # noqa: F401  pylint: disable=unused-import
 
 DEPENDENCIES = ["debug"]
 
+CONF_MIN_FREE = "min_free"
 CONF_PSRAM = "psram"
 
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
@@ -42,8 +46,14 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
         entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
     ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_FRAGMENTATION): cv.All(
-        cv.only_on_esp8266,
-        cv.require_framework_version(esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 5, 2)),
+        cv.Any(
+            cv.All(
+                cv.only_on_esp8266,
+                cv.require_framework_version(esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 5, 2)),
+            ),
+            cv.only_on_esp32,
+            msg="This feature is only available on ESP8266 (Arduino 2.5.2+) and ESP32",
+        ),
         sensor.sensor_schema(
             unit_of_measurement=UNIT_PERCENT,
             icon=ICON_COUNTER,
@@ -51,6 +61,19 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = {
             entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
         ),
     ),
+    cv.Optional(CONF_MIN_FREE): cv.All(
+        cv.Any(
+            cv.only_on_esp32,
+            cv.only_on([PLATFORM_BK72XX, PLATFORM_LN882X, PLATFORM_RTL87XX]),
+            msg="This feature is only available on ESP32 and LibreTiny (BK72xx, LN882x, RTL87xx)",
+        ),
+        sensor.sensor_schema(
+            unit_of_measurement=UNIT_BYTES,
+            icon=ICON_COUNTER,
+            accuracy_decimals=0,
+            entity_category=ENTITY_CATEGORY_DIAGNOSTIC,
+        ),
+    ),
     cv.Optional(CONF_LOOP_TIME): sensor.sensor_schema(
         unit_of_measurement=UNIT_MILLISECOND,
         icon=ICON_TIMER,
@@ -93,6 +116,10 @@ async def to_code(config):
         sens = await sensor.new_sensor(fragmentation_conf)
         cg.add(debug_component.set_fragmentation_sensor(sens))
 
+    if min_free_conf := config.get(CONF_MIN_FREE):
+        sens = await sensor.new_sensor(min_free_conf)
+        cg.add(debug_component.set_min_free_sensor(sens))
+
     if loop_time_conf := config.get(CONF_LOOP_TIME):
         sens = await sensor.new_sensor(loop_time_conf)
         cg.add(debug_component.set_loop_time_sensor(sens))
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/common.yaml b/tests/components/debug/common.yaml
index d9a61f8df0..59ba39c3a4 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/common.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/common.yaml
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ sensor:
   - platform: debug
     free:
       name: "Heap Free"
+    block:
+      name: "Heap Block"
     loop_time:
       name: "Loop Time"
     cpu_frequency:
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.bk72xx-ard.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.bk72xx-ard.yaml
index dade44d145..fdae374788 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/test.bk72xx-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.bk72xx-ard.yaml
@@ -1 +1,6 @@
 <<: !include common.yaml
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: debug
+    min_free:
+      name: "Heap Min Free"
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-ard.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-ard.yaml
index 8e19a4d627..8f93b0925e 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-ard.yaml
@@ -2,3 +2,10 @@
 
 esp32:
   cpu_frequency: 240MHz
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: debug
+    fragmentation:
+      name: "Heap Fragmentation"
+    min_free:
+      name: "Heap Min Free"
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-idf.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-idf.yaml
index f7483a54b3..6a9996ad06 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-idf.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-idf.yaml
@@ -9,5 +9,9 @@ sensor:
       name: "Heap Free"
     psram:
       name: "Free PSRAM"
+    fragmentation:
+      name: "Heap Fragmentation"
+    min_free:
+      name: "Heap Min Free"
 
 psram:
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-s2-idf.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-s2-idf.yaml
index dade44d145..80919b0bab 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-s2-idf.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.esp32-s2-idf.yaml
@@ -1 +1,8 @@
 <<: !include common.yaml
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: debug
+    fragmentation:
+      name: "Heap Fragmentation"
+    min_free:
+      name: "Heap Min Free"
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.esp8266-ard.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
index dade44d145..1398087bf0 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.esp8266-ard.yaml
@@ -1 +1,6 @@
 <<: !include common.yaml
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: debug
+    fragmentation:
+      name: "Heap Fragmentation"
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.ln882x-ard.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.ln882x-ard.yaml
index dade44d145..fdae374788 100644
--- a/tests/components/debug/test.ln882x-ard.yaml
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.ln882x-ard.yaml
@@ -1 +1,6 @@
 <<: !include common.yaml
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: debug
+    min_free:
+      name: "Heap Min Free"
diff --git a/tests/components/debug/test.rtl87xx-ard.yaml b/tests/components/debug/test.rtl87xx-ard.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdae374788
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/debug/test.rtl87xx-ard.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<<: !include common.yaml
+
+sensor:
+  - platform: debug
+    min_free:
+      name: "Heap Min Free"