[http_request] Add esp-idf and rp2040 support (#3256)

* Implement http_request component for esp-idf

* Fix ifdefs

* Lint

* clang

* Set else to fail with error message

* Use unique_ptr

* Fix

* Tidy up casting, explicit HttpResponse lifetime (#3265)

Co-authored-by: Daniel Cousens <dcousens@users.noreply.github.com>

* Remove unique_ptr wrapper

* Fix

* Use reference

* Add duration code into new split files

* Add config for tx/rx buffer on idf

* Fix

* Try reserve response data with rx buffer size

* Update http_request.h

* Move client cleanup to be earlier

* Move capture_response to bool on struct and remove global

* Fix returns

* Change quotes to brackets

* Rework http request

* Remove http request from old test yamls

* Update component tests

* Validate md5 length when hardcoded string

* Linting

* Add duration_ms to container

* More lint

* const

* Remove default arguments and add helper functions for get and post

* Add virtual destructor to HttpContainer

* Undo const HEADER_KEYS

* 🤦

* Update esphome/components/http_request/ota/ota_http_request.cpp

Co-authored-by: Keith Burzinski <kbx81x@gmail.com>

* Update esphome/components/http_request/ota/ota_http_request.cpp

Co-authored-by: Keith Burzinski <kbx81x@gmail.com>

* lint

* Move header keys inline

* Add missing WatchdogManagers

* CAPS

* Fix "follow redirects" string in config dump

* IDF 5+ fix

---------

Co-authored-by: Daniel Cousens <413395+dcousens@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Cousens <dcousens@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Keith Burzinski <kbx81x@gmail.com>

tests/components/http_request/test.esp8266.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 substitutions:
   verify_ssl: "false"
 
-<<: !include common_http_request.yaml
-<<: !include common_ota.yaml
+<<: !include common.yaml