🏗 Merge C++ into python codebase (#504)

## Description:

Move esphome-core codebase into esphome (and a bunch of other refactors). See https://github.com/esphome/feature-requests/issues/97

Yes this is a shit ton of work and no there's no way to automate it :( But it will be worth it 👍

Progress:
- Core support (file copy etc): 80%
- Base Abstractions (light, switch): ~50%
- Integrations: ~10%
- Working? Yes, (but only with ported components).

Other refactors:
- Moves all codegen related stuff into a single class: `esphome.codegen` (imported as `cg`)
- Rework coroutine syntax
- Move from `component/platform.py` to `domain/component.py` structure as with HA
- Move all defaults out of C++ and into config validation.
- Remove `make_...` helpers from Application class. Reason: Merge conflicts with every single new integration.
- Pointer Variables are stored globally instead of locally in setup(). Reason: stack size limit.

Future work:
- Rework const.py - Move all `CONF_...` into a conf class (usage `conf.UPDATE_INTERVAL` vs `CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL`). Reason: Less convoluted import block
- Enable loading from `custom_components` folder.

**Related issue (if applicable):** https://github.com/esphome/feature-requests/issues/97

**Pull request in [esphome-docs](https://github.com/esphome/esphome-docs) with documentation (if applicable):** esphome/esphome-docs#<esphome-docs PR number goes here>

## Checklist:
  - [ ] The code change is tested and works locally.
  - [ ] Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under `tests/` folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:
  - [ ] Documentation added/updated in [esphomedocs](https://github.com/OttoWinter/esphomedocs).

esphome/components/lcd_pcf8574/display.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import esphome.codegen as cg
+import esphome.config_validation as cv
+from esphome.components import lcd_base, i2c
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL
+
+DEPENDENCIES = ['i2c']
+AUTO_LOAD = ['lcd_base']
+
+lcd_pcf8574_ns = cg.esphome_ns.namespace('lcd_pcf8574')
+PCF8574LCDDisplay = lcd_pcf8574_ns.class_('PCF8574LCDDisplay', lcd_base.LCDDisplay, i2c.I2CDevice)
+
+CONFIG_SCHEMA = lcd_base.LCD_SCHEMA.extend({
+    cv.GenerateID(): cv.declare_variable_id(PCF8574LCDDisplay),
+}).extend(i2c.i2c_device_schema(0x3F))
+
+
+def to_code(config):
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], config[CONF_UPDATE_INTERVAL])
+    yield lcd_base.setup_lcd_display(var, config)
+    yield i2c.register_i2c_device(var, config)