Allow id() syntax for custom code (#621)

* Allow id() syntax for custom code

* Lint

tests/custom.h

@@ -3,7 +3,12 @@
 
 class CustomSensor : public Component, public Sensor {
  public:
-  void loop() override { publish_state(42.0); }
+  void loop() override {
+    // Test id() helper
+    float value = id(my_sensor).state;
+    id(my_global_string) = "Hello World";
+    publish_state(42.0);
+  }
 };
 
 class CustomTextSensor : public Component, public TextSensor {

tests/test3.yaml

@@ -246,6 +246,11 @@ binary_sensor:
       - id: custom_binary_sensor
         name: Custom Binary Sensor
 
+globals:
+  - id: my_global_string
+    type: std::string
+    initial_value: '""'
+
 remote_receiver:
   pin: GPIO12
   dump: []