[ci] Merge components with different buses to reduce CI time (#11251)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>

tests/test_build_components/build_components_base.esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@ esphome:
   friendly_name: $component_name
 
 esp32:
-  board: nodemcu-32s
+  # Use board with 8MB flash for testing large component groups
+  board: esp32-pico-devkitm-2
   framework:
     type: esp-idf
+  # Use custom partition table with larger app partitions (3MB each)
+  # Default IDF partitions only allow 1.75MB which is too small for grouped tests
+  partitions: ../partitions_testing.csv
 
 logger:
   level: VERY_VERBOSE

tests/test_build_components/common/i2c_camera/esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+# I2C bus for camera sensor
+i2c:
+  - id: i2c_camera_bus
+    sda: 25
+    scl: 23
+    frequency: 400kHz
+
 esp32_camera:
   name: ESP32 Camera
   data_pins:
@@ -15,9 +22,7 @@ esp32_camera:
   external_clock:
     pin: 27
     frequency: 20MHz
-  i2c_pins:
-    sda: 25
-    scl: 23
+  i2c_id: i2c_camera_bus
   reset_pin: 15
   power_down_pin: 1
   resolution: 640x480

tests/test_build_components/common/uart_bridge_2/esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Common configuration for 2-channel UART bridge/expander chips
+# Used by components like wk2132 that create 2 UART channels
+# Defines standardized UART IDs: uart_id_0, uart_id_1
+
+substitutions:
+  # These will be overridden by component-specific values
+  uart_bridge_address: "0x70"
+
+# Note: The actual UART instances are created by the bridge component
+# This package just ensures all bridge components use the same ID naming convention
+# so they can be grouped together without conflicts

tests/test_build_components/common/uart_bridge_2/esp32-s3-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Common configuration for 2-channel UART bridge/expander chips
+# Used by components like wk2132 that create 2 UART channels
+# Defines standardized UART IDs: uart_id_0, uart_id_1
+
+substitutions:
+  # These will be overridden by component-specific values
+  uart_bridge_address: "0x70"
+
+# Note: The actual UART instances are created by the bridge component
+# This package just ensures all bridge components use the same ID naming convention
+# so they can be grouped together without conflicts

tests/test_build_components/common/uart_bridge_4/esp32-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Common configuration for 4-channel UART bridge/expander chips
+# Used by components like wk2168, wk2204, wk2212 that create 4 UART channels
+# Defines standardized UART IDs: uart_id_0, uart_id_1, uart_id_2, uart_id_3
+
+substitutions:
+  # These will be overridden by component-specific values
+  uart_bridge_address: "0x70"
+
+# Note: The actual UART instances are created by the bridge component
+# This package just ensures all bridge components use the same ID naming convention
+# so they can be grouped together without conflicts

tests/test_build_components/common/uart_bridge_4/esp32-s3-idf.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Common configuration for 4-channel UART bridge/expander chips
+# Used by components like wk2168, wk2204, wk2212 that create 4 UART channels
+# Defines standardized UART IDs: uart_id_0, uart_id_1, uart_id_2, uart_id_3
+
+substitutions:
+  # These will be overridden by component-specific values
+  uart_bridge_address: "0x70"
+
+# Note: The actual UART instances are created by the bridge component
+# This package just ensures all bridge components use the same ID naming convention
+# so they can be grouped together without conflicts

tests/test_build_components/partitions_testing.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# ESP-IDF Partition Table for ESPHome Component Testing
+# Single app partition to maximize space for large component group testing
+# Fits in 4MB flash
+# Name,   Type, SubType, Offset,  Size, Flags
+nvs,      data, nvs,     0x9000,  0x4000,
+otadata,  data, ota,     ,        0x2000,
+phy_init, data, phy,     ,        0x1000,
+factory,  app,  factory, 0x10000, 0x300000,
+nvs_key,  data, nvs_keys,,        0x1000,
+coredump, data, coredump,,        0xEB000,